CN107711846A - 一种防治水稻稻瘟病的方法 - Google Patents
一种防治水稻稻瘟病的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms
- A01N43/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings
- A01N43/28—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings with two hetero atoms in positions 1,3
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种防治水稻稻瘟病的方法，将活性成分为氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵的农药制剂混合起来，兑水后均匀喷洒于水稻植株上，以叶片湿润为准；所述的氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵的重量比为10:1～1:10。本发明协同增效显著，能大幅提高药效，能减少有效成分用量，从而减小对环境的不良影响和农药残留，有利于病菌抗药性的治理。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农业应用技术领域，具体是一种防治水稻稻瘟病的方法。
背景技术
今年来，由于单一用药和不科学用药，导致许多病害对当前使用的农药产生了抗性，如水稻稻瘟病，成为化学防治的一大难题。加之稻瘟病生理小种很多，更加大了防治的难度。同时，频繁施药又造成农民负担加重和环境污染加剧。因此，一种能有效的防治水稻稻瘟病的方法，能有效控制病害且有利于病菌的抗药性治理。
氟吡菌酰胺，英文名称：fluopyram，是拜耳公司开发的新型吡啶基乙基苯甲酰胺类杀菌剂，作用于线粒体呼吸链，抑制琥珀酸脱氢酶(复合物Ⅱ)的活性从而阻断电子传递，导致不能提供机体组织的能量需求，进而杀死防治对象或抑制其生长发育。氟吡菌酰胺是防治白粉病、菌核病等的高效药剂，但单独使用成本高并有产生抗性的风险。
稻瘟灵，英文名称：isoprothiolane，是一种内吸性杀菌剂，水稻植株吸收药剂后累积于叶组织，特别集中于穗轴与枝梗，从而抑制病菌侵入，阻碍病菌脂质代谢，抑制病菌生长，起到预防与治疗作用，对水稻稻瘟病有较好的防治效果。
在农业生产中，通过不同品种成分进行复配，是防治抗性病害很常见的方法。不同成分的农药品种混配，根据实际应用效果，来判断某种混配是增效、加和还是拮抗作用。绝大多数情况下，农药的混配效果都是加和效应，真正有增效作用的混配很少。
经过发明人研究，发现将氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵相互复配，在一定范围内对稻瘟病有很好的增效作用，且有关氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵的相关复配应用于稻瘟病的研究尚未见相关报道。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种增效显著、高效低毒，亩用成本低，有利于病菌综合治理的一种防治水稻稻瘟病的方法。
本发明所采取的技术方案是：一种防治水稻稻瘟病的方法，将活性成分为氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵的农药制剂混合起来，兑水后均匀喷洒于水稻植株上，以叶片湿润为准；所述的氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵的重量比为10:1～1:10，优选的，氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵的重量比为5：1～1：2。
进一步的，氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵的重量比为2：1。
所述的农药制剂，氟吡菌酰胺的重量百分比为4-40％，稻瘟灵的重量百分比为4-40％。
所述的农药制剂为本领域技术人员公知的方法制备成悬浮剂或可湿性粉剂。
本发明的优点和积极效果在于：本方法所制备的制剂的有效成分作用机理不同，以一定的重量比混配具有明显的协同增效作用，能大幅提高药效，减少有效成分用量，从而减小对环境的不良影响和农药残留，有利于病菌抗药性的治理。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体的实施例对本发明的技术方案和技术效果作进一步说明，本发明所述的百分比均为重量百分比。
一、室内生测试验
实施例1:氟吡菌酰胺、稻瘟灵及混剂对稻瘟病的室内毒力测定
经预试确定各药剂有效抑制浓度范围后，每个药剂按有效成分含量分别梯度设5个剂量处理，设清水对照。参照《农药室内生物测定试验准则杀菌剂》进行，采用菌丝生长速率法测定药剂对水稻稻瘟病的毒力。72h后用十字交叉法测量菌落直径，计算各处理净生长量、菌丝生长抑制率。
将菌丝生长抑制率换算成机率值(y)，药液浓度(μg/mL)转换成对数值(x)，以最小二乘法求得毒力回归方程(y＝a+bx)，并由此计算出每种药剂的EC50值，依孙云沛法计算药剂的毒力指数及共毒系数(CTC)。
实测毒力指数(ATI)＝(标准药剂EC50/供试药剂EC50)×100
理论毒力指数(TTI)＝A药剂毒力指数×混剂中A的百分含量+B药剂毒力指数×混剂中B的百分含量
共毒系数(CTC)＝[混剂实测毒力指数(ATI)/混剂理论毒力指数(TTI)]×100
当CTC≤80，则组合物表现为拮抗作用，当80＜CTC＜120，则组合物表现为相加作用，当CTC≥120，则组合物表现为增效作用。
统计结果见表1。
表1氟吡菌酰胺、稻瘟灵及其混配对稻瘟病的室内毒力测定
| 供试药剂 | 配比 | EC50(μg/mL) | ATI | TTI | 共毒系数(CTC) |
| 氟吡菌酰胺(A) | / | 8.21 | 62.66 | / | / |
| 稻瘟灵(B) | / | 5.14 | 100.00 | / | / |
| A：B | 10:1 | 5.68 | 90.55 | 66.05 | 137.1 |
| A：B | 8:1 | 4.67 | 110.22 | 66.81 | 165.0 |
| A：B | 5:1 | 3.99 | 128.81 | 68.88 | 187.0 |
| A：B | 2:1 | 3.36 | 153.05 | 75.11 | 203.8 |
| A：B | 1:1 | 3.24 | 158.93 | 81.33 | 195.4 |
| A：B | 1:2 | 3.38 | 152.15 | 87.55 | 173.8 |
| A：B | 1:5 | 4.04 | 127.42 | 93.78 | 135.9 |
| A：B | 1:8 | 4.18 | 123.06 | 95.85 | 128.4 |
| A：B | 1:10 | 3.72 | 138.32 | 96.61 | 143.2 |
| A：B | 1:20 | 6.69 | 76.90 | 98.22 | 78.3 |
测定结果表明，当氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵的配比为10:1～1:10时,共毒系数(CTC)均大于120，其中以配比为2:1的共毒系数最大为203.8，增效显著，在田间试验中有很好的应用价值。
二、制备实施例
实施例1：15％氟吡菌酰胺·稻瘟灵悬浮剂
配方：按量称取氟吡菌酰胺10％、稻瘟灵5％、烷基萘基磺酸盐3.5％(润湿剂)、聚羧酸盐3.2％(分散剂)、黄原胶0.2％(增稠剂)、乙二醇2％(防冻剂)、0.2％硅油(消泡剂)、去离子水补至100％。
实施例2：25％氟吡菌酰胺·稻瘟灵悬浮剂
配方：按量称取氟吡菌酰胺15％、稻瘟灵10％、烷基苯磺酸钙盐2.5％(润湿剂)、聚羧酸盐5％(分散剂)、黄原胶0.5％(增稠剂)、丙二醇2.5％(防冻剂)、硅油0.3％(消泡剂)、去离子水补至100％。
实施例3：45％氟吡菌酰胺·稻瘟灵悬浮剂
配方：按量称取氟吡菌酰胺40％、稻瘟灵5％、烷基萘基磺酸盐4.5％(润湿剂)、聚羧酸盐5％(分散剂)、黄原胶0.5％(增稠剂)、聚乙二醇2.5％(防冻剂)、硅油0.2％(消泡剂)、去离子水补至100％。
上述实施例1-3按照以下方法制备：按配方要求,将所述的组分混合均匀，经过研磨和高速剪切制得含氟吡菌酰胺·稻瘟灵的组合物，剂型为悬浮剂。
实施例4：24％氟吡菌酰胺·稻瘟灵可湿性粉剂。
配方：按量称取氟吡菌酰胺4.0％、稻瘟灵20％、烷基苯磺酸钙盐3％(分散剂)、木质素磺酸盐5％(润湿剂)，白炭黑10％(填料)，凹凸棒(填料)补足至100％。
实施例5：45％氟吡菌酰胺·稻瘟灵可湿性粉剂。
配方：按量称取氟吡菌酰胺5％、稻瘟灵40％、聚羧酸盐5.0％(分散剂)、十二烷基硫酸钠4.5％(润湿剂),白炭黑10％(填料),高岭土(填料)补足至100％。
上述实施例4-5按照以下方法制备：按配方要求,将所述的组分混合均匀,经气流粉碎机粉碎,即可制得含氟吡菌酰胺·稻瘟灵的可湿性粉剂。
三、田间试验实施例
实施例1:制备实施例1所得的制剂防治稻瘟病的田间试验
试验参照GB/T 17980.19-2000《农药田间药效试验准则(一)杀菌剂防治水稻叶部病害》
试验处理：以制备实施例1所得制剂(15％氟吡菌酰胺·稻瘟灵悬浮剂)为试验组1#，用药量为45g/亩；以20％氟吡菌酰胺悬浮剂为对照组1#，用药量为45g/亩；以20％稻瘟灵悬浮剂为对照组2#，用药量为45g/亩；同时设置一空白对照(CK),小区面积为50㎡，4次重复。
试验及调查方法：在水稻分蘖期，稻瘟病发病初期施药，药后7天再施药1次，总共用药两次，各小区按为45公斤/亩的用水量兑水均匀喷雾，以水稻叶片湿润为标准。分别于药前、末次药后7d、末次药后14d进行病情指数调查，计算防效。
试验结果：末次施药后7天，试验组1#的防治效果为94.6％，对照组1#的防治效果为72.8％，对照组2#的防治效果为78.6％，试验组1#的防效分别比对照组1#、对照组2#优异15％以上；末次施药后14天，试验组1#的防治效果为89.5％，对照组1#的防治效果为68.7％，对照组2#的防治效果为76.5％，试验组1#的防效分别比对照组1#和对照组2#优异10％以上，能有效的控制稻瘟病的发展。
这说明，本方法通过以氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵有效成分合理混配的制剂用于防治稻瘟病，能大幅提高药效，有效降低农药使用量,降低农药成本，有利于病菌的综合治理。试验期间,各处理水稻生长正常,表明供试药剂对水稻的安全性较好。
综上所述，本发明采用氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵科学混配，对稻瘟病的防治效果并不是各组分活性的简单叠加，与现有的单一制剂相比，增效作用显著，速效性高、持效性长，能延缓病菌抗性发展，对作物安全性好，符合病虫害的综合治理。
Claims (5)
1.一种防治水稻稻瘟病的方法，其特征在于，将活性成分为氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵的农药制剂混合起来，兑水后均匀喷洒于水稻植株上，以叶片湿润为准；所述的氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵的重量比为10:1～1:10。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵的重量比为5：1～1：2。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，氟吡菌酰胺和稻瘟灵的重量比为2：1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，氟吡菌酰胺的重量百分比为4-40％，稻瘟灵的重量百分比为4-40％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的农药制剂为悬浮剂或可湿性粉剂。
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| CN104285959A (zh) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-21 | 江苏东宝农药化工有限公司 | 一种含氟唑菌酰胺与稻瘟灵增效杀菌组合物 |
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| CN104285959A (zh) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-21 | 江苏东宝农药化工有限公司 | 一种含氟唑菌酰胺与稻瘟灵增效杀菌组合物 |
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