CN1076481A - With superheated vapour the raw material of washing composition and washing agent being carried out exsiccant improves one's methods - Google Patents
With superheated vapour the raw material of washing composition and washing agent being carried out exsiccant improves one's methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN1076481A CN1076481A CN 93101501 CN93101501A CN1076481A CN 1076481 A CN1076481 A CN 1076481A CN 93101501 CN93101501 CN 93101501 CN 93101501 A CN93101501 A CN 93101501A CN 1076481 A CN1076481 A CN 1076481A
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- drying
- water
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- washing
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- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004326 stimulated echo acquisition mode for imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Be suitable for doing wetting agent, washing composition and/or washing agent and/or be used for these preparations, and also can be to use superheated vapour to carry out exsiccant as aqueous raw material or the raw mix that many water preparations exist as oven dry gas, this oven dry gas is sent back to dryer section after the moisture evaporated in discharging circulation.For prepare high-grade, especially light color and/or do not have a sedimentary dried material of carbonate, mainly at least give the steam cycle air-flow the required energy transport of water evaporation by indirect heat exchange.
Description
The present invention relates to prepare senior fine-grained solids, improving one's methods of can pouring into the raw material that maybe can spray or raw mix, these raw materials or raw mix are suitable to be made wetting agent, washing composition and washing agent or suits to use in more such preparations of being made up of their many water preparations.The inventive method is used a step or a multistep drying, and adopts superheated vapour as oven dry gas.
For example carried out decades industrial as the spray-drying process of many water preparations of the mentioned kind raw material of fabric detergent on a large scale.Can use the mixture of warm air or air and combustion heat waste gas as drying air stream.The fabric washing powder or be used for preparing the raw material of the powder fabric washing composition that can pour into and can spray and/or raw mix be in corresponding spray-drying tower usually in the scope at ambient pressure with drying air stream and stream mode or more commonly obtain with convection type.
Patent applicant (woman) its illustrated among the old number of patent application DE-A4030688 more such fine-grained solids, can pour into the preparation method that maybe can spray, can form the raw material or the raw mix of wetting agent, washing composition and/or washing agent by their many water preparations, here use the hot gas flow of superheated vapour, and be subjected to stop drying before the heat effect harm at the part material as oven dry usefulness.In the case if necessary, by adding the pouring into property sprinkling property maybe that to assign to guarantee the anti-storage of this part dried material in conjunction with more such combined group of limited water.Except this measure or replace this measure also can add aftertreatment and/or the after drying under the condition of not damaging raw material for the residual moisture content of homogenizing in the part material.The principle of the invention described below relates to the bright arrangement of target from the method in the above-mentioned old patent application.Principle of the present invention will use superheated vapour to make the senior raw material or the raw mix that might prepare related operating restraint here as oven dry gas just.In this case, just become understandable from following arrangement of the present invention that exemplarily proposes some considerations:
In fact at present to senior washing agent, especially the ask for something that fabric detergent proposed is not limited only in the actual use expectation to throughput.In addition, important have visual image (for example light color of fabric detergent) and other important material physicals and a good sprinkling property, high pile up close, the quick dissolving power in water or good performance of flushing or the like.
The principle of the invention is from this task: for to point out top condition with superheated vapour as the raw material drying of drying medium, these conditions make and might obtain desired dried feed or raw mix in the promptly related here career field scope.
Should be taken into account, be very limited with superheated vapour as the use experience of the drying means of dry gas so far.Though this technology itself is just known since the beginning of this century, and obtained explanation in the literature repeatedly.Older patent DE-A4030686 has analysed in depth relevant technology status.Here consult the report of previous proposition, and only mentioned the following publication title of the abundant in content literature index that comprises this career field:
A.M.Trommelen et al.“Eyaporation and Drying of Drops in Superheated Vapprs”AIChE Journal 16（1970）857-867;Colin Beeby et al.“STEAM DRYING”Plenary Lecture，Proc.4th Int.Drying Sym.Kyoto（eds.R.Toei and Arun S.Mujumdar）1984，Bd.1，51-68 sowie W.A.Stein“Berechnung der Verdampfung von Flüssigkeit aus feuchten Produk-ten im Sprühturm”Verfahrenstechnik 7（1973）262-267.
The present invention relates to described, suitable that make wetting agent, washing composition and/or washing agent and/or be suitable for the terms of settlement of the task that senior raw material in these preparations or raw mix propose in the past with the preparation of varied method.In addition, the invention still further relates to and use superheated vapour as oven dry gas, to aqueous, also can carry out the exsiccant method as raw material or the raw mix that many water preparations exist, this superheated vapour is sent back to dryer section after the moisture evaporated in giving off circulation.Principle of the present invention regulation, it is main at least or preferably only flow to the steam cycle air-flow by indirect heat exchange that water is evaporated required energy.The interior pressure that is full of the system of water vapor is preferably in the normal pressure scope, but also can improve the pressure in the recycle system in addition slightly, prevent surely that with activation air for example is being full of in the recycle system of steam as the trouble spot intrusion of never being got rid of fully in large industry equipment.
The fact proves: when the operational condition of following with water vapor, for example opened up inaccessiable new possibility in the scope at industrial some drying meanss that carry out with warm air and/or flue gas so far in the field of the raw material of preparation fabric detergent or raw mix just.Obviously the one side that these new possibilities are responsible for be reflected in drying process feature in the superheated water vapor in the dry distributed of wanting on the exsiccant raw material, also be in based on the dry gas of superheated vapour, to have got rid of objectionable impurities (especially oxygen and carbon dioxide) reliably and fully but then.Got rid of equally wanting the unwelcome oxidative attack of exsiccant material, as generate carbonate or carbonic acid settling, in most of basic materials of the field operation that these carbonate or carbonate sediment are related here, be inevitable when use contains the dry gas of flue gas.
The present invention relates to adopting said method and prepares the solid surfactant material that can spray in other form of implementation, especially from surfactivity solid matter based on the anion surfactant scope of natural goods, in addition, the invention still further relates to and be applied to this method based on silicate, especially can be used in the preparation of the dried feed in the fabric detergent, and use this described method and prepare so-called fabric detergent tower powder (Textilwaschmittel-Turmpulver), later on can be with thermally sensitive and/or meet water vapor evaporable component and be added in these fabric detergent tower powder with synthetic or be mixed with the finished product washing composition fully.
Related know-why is the further developing of old patent DE-A4030688 of repeatedly quoting in the scope of present disclosure specification.Owing to will improve prospectus of the present invention, also make the content that becomes prospectus of the present invention than the prospectus of old patent hereby clearly.In addition, the key concept of following method is important:
Under operational condition of the present invention, can carry out spraying drying on the one hand and/or also can in fluidized-bed, carry out drying on the other hand equally with superheated vapour.The higher adding material of water content for example has can mobile and sprayable many aqueous solution, milk sap and/or want the suspensoid of exsiccant raw material or raw mix.Can carry out spraying drying with the important form of implementation of already known processes to this class admixture.Spraying drying can be carried out with following current operation scheme or convection current operation scheme in the spray-drying tower that correspondingly assembles up.Using convective principles also is being preferred with superheated vapour in as the operating restraint of the present invention of dry hot gas usually.
When under spray-dired condition, operating, in order to supply with the evaporation energy, at least mainly outside drying zone indirectly with energy transport in steam cycle.Can guarantee known result in the spraying drying by routine in this way, that is: the particulate shape wet feed material that makes easy fusing is in each other adhesion of the particle of no significant or dry under the situation that granularity can be regulated and control at least.The energy input that carries out outside the spraying drying district of steam cycle can carry out with indirect heat conducting known careless any form.Mentioned as an example use on the one hand by the heated air in any source therefrom by with on the other hand once by these heated air respectively therefrom by some tube bank systems of therefrom passing through by the water vapor that will heat.
The energy that to import indirectly in the form of implementation of particularly important of the present invention in the steam cycle is passed to vapour stream by means of one or more burners that connect into integral body with indirect thermal conduction.Flow direct importing of the combustion gases of heat and steam cycle in the anastomosing heat exchanger side at burner.The temperature of combustion gases for example can be preferably in about 650 to 960 ℃ temperature range in about 400 to 1000 ℃ scope in the case.Thereby, reasonably be that the regulation flue gas also is preferably in as much as possible to pro rata distribute on the degree and circulates in order most desirably to utilize heat energy and to reduce the cost of entire method.Therefore at least 30 volume % for example, preferably the above hot flue gas of 40 volume % leave and the anastomosing heat exchanger that circulates after sent back again and continued to utilize its heat energy.The flue gas recirculation amount is more preferably greater than 60 volume %, and in the scope of 70 volume % of the combustion gases of supplying through being everlasting.The inflammable gas that all are common, especially Sweet natural gas or more rudimentary hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture and/or hydrogen all are applicable to the running of burner.
On the other hand, if use drying principles of the present invention in the scope of fluidised bed drying, then the heating that needs based on the dry gas of steam here not only can be in the drying zone outside, and the available heat exchanger element generation that is connected in the fluidized-bed.In addition, these two kinds of gas heating mechanisms are connected to each other.
Also make the operation on the high large industry equipment of the desired fuel consumption of time per unit possible fairly simple by the preferred operations of the present invention in the normal pressure scope.The advantageous measure of the present invention of pressing in improving easily can prevent reliably that external gas, particularly air from invading in the recycle system that is full of steam with being out of favour.Thereby can get rid of reliably strive for that the high-grade product performance secondary that reaches is impaired.Suitable working pressure is in about gauge pressure scope below 150 millibars, and suitable is no more than about 75 millibars, is preferably in below 50 millibars.About 5 to 15 millibars of gauge pressure scopes may be particularly preferred.By the desiccating method of principle of the present invention with superheated vapour, in principle certainly also may be under low pressure, especially in the low pressure range of appropriateness, carry out, but that just requires the expense of developing skill to guarantee to get rid of the possible trouble spot that can cause that in the recycle system unwelcome air is invaded.
In order to dry related raw mix with superheated vapour here as dry gas, the older protection power report that the patent applicant who mentions at the very start (woman) proposes is still effective to a great extent to implementing method of the present invention.In order to enrich prospectus of the present invention, repeat this report here on demand compendiously:
In old patent application comparatively, see as and understood the basic thought that the raw mix of related kind is here carried out the exsiccant principle by means of steam abandoning acting on the possibility that is adjusted to the optimum drying result in the finished product of processing by superheated vapour.This is also effective in the scope of the principle of the invention in principle.Certainly, the fact shows that when getting rid of interfering factors such as flue gas and air or oxygen reliably, some mixtures also are the comparison sensitivities to temperature like this.Unwelcome other reaction, for example variable color, crust or the like take place with heated air in easily under the drying conditions of routine.Concerning using superheated vapour to carry out this means drying, work reliably may be not only with the interior superheated vapour of comparatively high temps scope but also comprise that seldom the ridity of residual moisture does not have detrimentally affect to feedstock property.Therefore can be significantly the residual moisture in the dried material be transferred in the scope below the 1 weight %, or in 0.5 weight % scope at the most, even also low.Available exhausted vapor temperature of coming out from drying zone is more than 100 to 110 ℃ simultaneously, is preferably more than 150 ℃, and preferably the service temperature more than 180 ℃ is carried out drying.What is also needed is: if in the composition of dried material, proved conclusively the combination that residual moisture takes place by a kind of " inner dry ", so that the pouring into property and the sprinkling property of the shelf-stable of dried material are guaranteed, in case of necessity also can be to the quite large-scale tolerance of residual moisture regulation.
Described as older patent application, principle of the present invention except that this assist measure or replace this assist measure also the regulation part exsiccant material that will produce at first carry out aftertreatment, this aftertreatment is to be determined by two technical schemes that can get in touch each other.
The first string is from the following fact, and the drying of promptly related droplet is by its granular size decision.Stop spraying drying if in material, also contain the moment of considerable residual moisture content according to the present invention, have only part to meet the fact to the integration research of residual moisture content so.In about each differential research that partly surplus water distributes of material, showing: can make microfine partly or atomic fine fraction as far as possible or complete drying, and material partly also contain considerable amount of moisture than coarse grain so that does not also guarantee the pouring into property and the sprinkling property of the shelf-stable of the material that takes out from the spraying drying district.In important form of implementation of the present invention, corresponding therewith, can realize to " after drying " from the initial material in spraying drying district that by an additional treatment step this treatment step (powder material is not subjected to adherent harm) makes the moisture content of whole material not be subjected to the individual particles size to influence the ground homogenizing.Can partly remaining moisture be transferred to fine granule material and the atomic fine from the coarse grain of the comparison humidity of material according to the method, so that guaranteed the pouring into property and the sprinkling property of the shelf-stable of dried material after the process homogenizing step, and do not needed subsidiary amount of moisture of discharging other from bulk material.
Guarantee the water balance between each particle, prevent that simultaneously all technical process of material adherent all are suitable for realizing this post-processing step.Here only mention material as an example with continuous or discrete method is rolled or stirring is come out at first.Particularly suitable is in fluidized-bed material to be carried out aftertreatment.This fluidized-bed is compared with spray-drying process, has much higher solid matter density.Can use gas arbitrarily in the case, for example the simplest is to use ambient air.Here the harm of raw material oxidation and/or disagreeable exhaust emission no longer occur, perhaps be controlled easily.Because wanting the exsiccant material is that drying zone from high temperature (usually in about 100 ℃ scope) takes out, the moisture homogenizing through this serial connection in the fluidized-bed scope for example also can reduce residual moisture a little with the atmosphere homogenizing.
Except or replace this assist measure, also can predesignate an additional drying with further reduction residual moisture by the inventive method.If the proof after drying is to be worth pursuing, so, generally additional after drying section is just much of that.Yet the principle of the invention is not got rid of the after drying of pressing the multistage order.The feature in after drying stage is substantially not damage under the condition of dried material to carry out drying.Here have many in principle for reducing the dangerous processing parameter that uses.That can do that example proposes has: reduce the temperature of the hot phase of aerating, abandon replacing superheated vapour with overheated gas as heated air and with the dry gas in other source, for example use air and/or rare gas element, and carry out the transition to another kind of drying process.
Be improved in fact by the solid matter density of exsiccant material by the most preferred embodiment form of the inventive method when using this after drying step, therefore the spraying drying of the method principle of fluidised bed drying and first operation is close in after drying.The serial connection fluidised bed drying stage can be carried out drying with dry gas arbitrarily.By best form of implementation of the present invention, also use superheated vapour here as heated air.But by in the reinforcement heat exchange between the comparatively pycnomorphous solids at that time, thereby can contain separated people's wish overheated of the material that will heat very effectively, especially contain the particulate overheated danger partly of this material.Press best form of implementation of the present invention, in this case the residual moisture that also can condense and also stay by " inside drying " unit that merging wants the common utilization of exsiccant material to discuss in the past.
The raw material in especially this wetting agent, washing composition and/or washing agent field or many water preparations of raw mix are fit to be used in the inventive method, and this raw material or raw mix water or the water vapor acting by the short period of time in 100 to 110 ℃ temperature range or basically is not without prejudice.This class component that can nondestructively withstand in the said temperature scope at least 0.5 to 1 minute under operational condition is particularly suitable for doing feed composition.By control process parameters (except that the parameter in spraying drying district, the operating temperature range that has the present invention to use that for example can mention, the droplet size or the ionic size of atomizing material) can be chosen under the condition of superheated vapour at that time the particle residence time in seconds.Significantly, can make the temperature action time in the inventive method type keep very short, so that under selected operational condition, also not have to occur wanting the actual damage of exsiccant material.Therefore for example itself also be subjected to the surfactant compounds of hydrolysis harm almost not withstand several minutes the residence time entirely with this understanding not impairedly.Therefore can carry out drying to water miscible and/or the non-water-soluble organic and/or inorganic raw material of wetting agent, washing composition and/or washing agent with drying means of the present invention.Should list these raw materials in following substance classes: have the component surfactivity effect or the emulsifying agent effect, inorganic and/or organic washing assistant or boosting components, washing soda, thinner or neutral salt, fabric softener, bleach-activating agent, improve dye liquor the dirt suspending power auxiliary agent such as antiredeposition agent or also have abradant.
If require in main drying products, to keep the considerable water yield and may this surplus water of set with the pouring into property of the shelf-stable of guaranteeing dried material sprinkling property maybe, that just uses auxiliary agent of the present invention.These auxiliary agents are as independent solid set moisture best.This set of residual moisture for example can enter to realize as crystal water through water is combined.But equally also may be the pure absorption combination of the limited water in the solids of related kind here, but therefore just necessarily not cause unwelcome gluing or bonding between the particle.To although consequently in material, also have residual moisture, can guarantee the pouring into property and the package stability of material by these auxiliary agents of amount use so fully in the case.
By form of implementation of the present invention, practical is just can be added to its (this kind auxiliary agent) after and then this kind comes out from process in conjunction with the auxiliary agent of surplus water in dry the fresh material, and enhancing mixed in addition.By best form of implementation this kind in conjunction with the certain at least one part of the auxiliary agent of surplus water, great majority or normally all before the raw material preparation drying of many water, just be mixed in this preparation preferably.Can be absorbed and combination by this auxiliary agent that uses together on enough degree if the exsiccant material allows to be dried to as far as possible the residual moisture that stays to the susceptibility of temperature separately, so last described form of implementation is always possible.
By the inventive method best form of implementation in this case wetting agent, lotion and/or de-sludging field, to the enough responsive corresponding raw material of temperature as auxiliary agent use in conjunction with surplus water.The exemplary of this respect has from builder component, and washing soda and/or this class of so-called thinner are in conjunction with the inorganic raw material of crystal water.Here the exemplary of listing with next class raw material has the silicate compound in conjunction with crystal water, especially from the compound in conjunction with crystal water of zeolites.The example that can reflect the fabric detergent feature especially has at present the zeolite-NaA of washing composition level and calcium-binding capacity please contrast DE-2412837 to this at the zeolite-NaA(of 100-200 milligram CaO/ gram explanation here).Exemplary in conjunction with the washing soda of crystal water has soda or sodium bicarbonate, and has the neutral salt of excellent ability or thinner should belong to sodium sulfate in conjunction with the crystallization water yield.But except or replace this have in conjunction with the auxiliary agent of crystal water ability is also available have the auxiliary agent that absorbs the combination water ability or corresponding raw material with the surplus water combination.Be known that: based on the antiredeposition agent of starch or Mierocrystalline cellulose, especially based on can swollen the fabric-softening auxiliary agent of inorganic salt, also have a series of solid surface immunomodulator compounds under the standard conditions can both absorb the considerable water yield, and do not have unwelcome surface glue viscosity.
Look employed raw material or raw mix susceptibility on the one hand to temperature, decide on the performance and the quantity of the auxiliary agent that may use together on the other hand, can in the particulate material that drying is crossed, stay considerable surplus water content and do not jeopardize its stable pouring into property and sprinkling property.Corresponding therewith, the present invention stipulates in advance, and the surplus water content of the material that takes out from the spraying drying district stops to use superheat steam drying in the scope of about 0.5-20 weight % the time, and surplus water content preferably can be in about 5-12 weight % scope.Weight % scope described here is respectively calculated by the weight of the particulate material that takes out from the water vapor district.In addition, the present invention certainly preferably the restriction be not as the combined surplus water content of crystal water.Therefore suitable is that this water-content is limited in the highest about 10 weight %, better is to be no more than about 5-7 weight %, and practicality is to be limited in maximum to be about 1-3 weight %.That said in the past also is applicable to the weight % data here.The expertise of the working range of considering here to be mentioned has been issued to the predetermined purpose that the performance of being striven cooperates from the situation that also just is being to use the high superheated vapour of service temperature reliably; Temperature demulcent thorough drying; Even in material, also have considerable surplus water component also to stop desiccation,, also to guarantee the pouring into property of Pin of shelf-stable and sprinkling property by the practice requirement in order that get rid of unwelcome temperature effect with this.
Such just as already described, the inventive method has predesignated some additional operation possibilities for the adjusting stage of the residual moisture that required at that time, except or replace before described inner drying principles, can use these operation possibilities.These selectable operation possibilities are predesignated homogenizing and/or are progressively reduced the moisture content of wanting in the exsiccant material, one or several after drying section on spray-drying stage connects for this reason, these dryer section are fallen the moisture content that some have obstruction again under comparatively gentle operational condition.All after drying that directly or indirectly contact with heated air that the professional knows here all suit in principle.The optimal selection of the inventive method is also predesignated with reasonable manner for this after drying the additional operational phase is used superheated vapour.In order to reduce the harm to heat sensitive material, the use temperature of superheated vapour can be lower than the temperature in the spray-drying stage.But following selection proof is effective especially:
Have the too high fine of residual moisture from the taking-up of spraying drying district, and send in the fluidized bed drying equipment of back.In the case, can be attracted fully from the localized agglomeration of the also very moist material in spraying drying district and become bigger caking or even be present in the scope of the best form of implementation of handling by the present invention.This localized agglomeration step especially can be used for condensing the material that takes out from the spraying drying district particulate partly, and simultaneously for example and the also moist coarse grain combination of initial drying products.Being dried to solid matter density with currently known methods in back to back fluidized bed drying equipment improves a lot, the raising of this density causes the reinforcement heat exchange between all solids particle in the fluidized-bed, even carry out drying with the superheated vapour that is heated to comparatively high temps here, still can want the exsiccant particulate materials to prevent that partly unwelcome temperature from raising.
For the sprinkling property of the shelf-stable that guarantees particulate materials, this after drying in fluidized-bed only also needs to remove limited residual moisture usually in the stage, therefore keep the residence time of material in the fluidized-bed aftertreatment also can lack, for example several minutes just.Main drying in spraying area and the after drying in fluidized-bed can carry out together continuously, irrespectively carry out each other but also can be used as operation separately.General expertise here respectively works.
In second dryer section of this serial connection, can will also exist residual moisture to take out of partially or virtually completely.Use a kind of so about 10-80% that technology can be taken out the residual moisture the material that takes out from spraying area this at least residual moisture, preferably 20-70% of changing by the form of implementation of practicality.Remove moisture residual in the material through inner drying at last.
Use the inventive method to come drying to be used to prepare the raw mix of fabric detergent by important form of implementation.In the case, many water of exsiccant raw material preferably to contain and when needing and washing soda and/or the neutral salt tensio-active agent that detergent active is arranged together with washing assistant or synergistic agent.Preferably here at least a portion of each employed many raw mix can in conjunction with and/or energy set surplus water, the particularly surplus water of crystal water form.Concerning more such raw mixs, with the same in the spray drying process of fabric detergent, the most normally fabric detergent is not to be subjected to spray-dired with its whole components.Here exist the bleaching component that contains superoxide such as perborate monohydrate or perborate tetrahydrate to the extreme sensitivity of temperature or other component responsive especially accordingly to temperature.Mention enzyme, spices as other example, may also have bleach-activating agent and other small component.Corresponding therewith, in addition, the principle of the invention is also predesignated the so-called polycomponent tower powder of preparation, and this polycomponent tower powder comprises in the combined mixture major part of the component of forming the finished product washing composition, but also adds later on or sneak into liquid and/or other solid-state efficient material composition.The known example of this liquid composition has evaporable non-ionic surfactant component (niotensidischeKomponenten) especially easily, though this component is no longer passed through exhaust gas emission in the methods of the invention in atmosphere, still its adding can be expanded in the whole washing composition simply by being sprayed onto later on the absorbable tower powder of preparing by the present invention.
The operational condition of the inventive method makes the high temperature that can use mobile water vapor phase in circulation in the scope of spray-dired drying step.The service temperature of using steam is usually more than 150 ℃, in gas phase at least about 200 ℃.Service temperature is 250 ℃ and surpasses this temperature particularly advantageous, and can consider that temperature range is at least 300 ℃, especially 330-380 ℃.Service temperature in the water vapor vapour phase about 270-350 ℃ suitable especially concerning many situations, in addition all these temperature datas also each with relevant to the temperature of steam steam flow spraying area following current or adverse current, that be heated to optimum temps.The temperature of water vapor descends with material wet or humidity in the stop process in known manner together.Through in depth think better of one especially also to have continue to use circulate out this partly the consideration one of vapour stream determined ratio between the input of the fluid water yield that will evaporate and superheated vapour.Comprise that it is possible leaving the form of implementation that the limited decline of having only temperature after the spraying area for example drops in about 190-250 ℃ scope here, and to continue to utilize the heat energy of steam to drop to up to vapor temperature near the condensing temperature that is lower than processing condition (100 to 110 ℃) may be suitable or be beneficial in other form of implementation.Some detailed problems can be by the decision together at length in its integral body that is arranged in to working cycle.More corresponding considerations are applicable to uses superheated vapour as the heated air of after drying in the stage of using bed process in case of necessity.Gui Ding numerical value also was suitable for by its meaning here in the past.
What will consider in principle is that use steam cycle steam flow is extracted the moisture that has evaporated in the material that uses out, and the energy of especially emitting in drying step is flowed to cycling stream indirectly again from this steam cycle steam flow in the system of sealing.After at first making this when needing partly the condition of the pressure of steam and temperature and requirement adapting to, with the part steam of sucking-off with necessary form of implementation remove take material out of together after, supply other purposes as applying steam.With other form of implementation of the inventive method may be suitable be to make a part of condensation of the steam of sucking-off at least, in order that for example so that wash the steam of institute's sucking-off and from wherein removing the material of taking out of together.Can send produced simultaneously water and the material quantity that from circulation, comes out that wherein exists back to drying process together.Steam in the air-flow that possible in this case is for example comes out circulation is used for concentrating this washing liquid phase.The liquid that contains raw material of being sent back to directly can be supplied with the spraying drying district, perhaps at first mix, and be added to this form and to carry out drying in the spraying area with the fresh preparation of many water.
A kind of significant especially form of implementation regulation of the principle of the invention reclaims and utilizes the heat of condensation of the water vapor of discharging from circulation.By using suitable operation steps also can guarantee to leave a small amount of feedstock recycle of initial steam cycle simultaneously by the heating steam of discharging.For example can utilize the heat of condensation of the steam of discharge to carry out following operation here:
In a preferred multistage evaporation equipment, utilize the heat of condensation of the vapour stream of sucking-off to concentrate steam condensate.The residue enriched material that produces is in this case sent back in the initial circulation of process.Especially can be added to this enriched material in the feed slurry that heats with superheated vapour.
If desired, when the hot steam condensation of from initial circulation, discharging, the procedure of processing one below residue gas phase issuable, that have micro material flows to here for example can be burnt, handle with biofilter or with washing plant.Virtually completely recirculation of each shunting by at that time and eliminate this cooperation of some measures of last raw material residue trace reliably, the inventive method makes the field operation of related scale operation might not have the raw material and the raw mix in waste gas and no waste water ground production washing composition and washing agent field for the first time here.
In addition with additional be may save considerable energy than general so far heated air is dry by the principle of the invention.Therefore the following practice is effective: by the water vapor circulation of (for example 130+/-30 ℃) on higher temperature levels, the heat that the water that per kilogram will evaporate in this circulation means will promote is than descending 10 to 25% with the one-pass common desiccating method of the dry gas of heat at present.Therefore the modern crafts of the inventive method technological process that can satisfy in the large scale industry to be carried out continue leading requirement, and also do not damage material.
Be to using principle of operation of the present invention to prepare wetting agent below, the general remark of the raw material that directly or indirectly uses when washing composition and/or washing agent, and the allotment of the present general component of fabric washing has been described.
As anion surfactant for example available natural or synthetic, the preferably soap of making by saturated lipid acid.Suitable particularly by natural acid cocinic acid, palm-kernel oleic acid or the stearic acid soap mixture of deriving for example.50-100% is preferably arranged by saturated C
12-18More such mixing soap that-fatty acid soaps and 0-50% are made up of oleate soap.
Suitable in addition synthetic anion surface active agent has more such anion surfactants of sulfonate type and sulfate type.But concerning the allied compound that derives from plant and/or animal, method of the present invention has special significance.
As what the tensio-active agent of sulfonate type can be considered alkylbenzene sulfonate (C arranged
9-15Alkyl), ethylenic sulfonate, i.e. the mixture of being made up of horizontal hydrochlorate of alkene and hydroxyl sulfonated alkane, and sulfonate is as for example by the C with terminal double link or internal double bonds
12-16To obtain ethylenic sulfonate the same by carrying out sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and and then sulfonated product being carried out alkalescence or acidic hydrolysis for-monoene.Suitable also has by C
12-18Paraffinic hydrocarbons is by sulfo group chlorination or sulfoxidation effect and the sulfonated alkane that obtains of hydrolysis or neutralization or the bisul-phite addition by alkene and then, and especially alpha-sulfo fatty acid ester (sulfonic acid ethyl ester), for example methyl esters of hydrogenant cocinic acid, palm kernel acid oleic acid or stearic alpha-sulfoization.
Important surface active agent composition or emulsifier component also have so-called disalt in this case, the saponification of the fatty acid methyl ester that this disalt can be by foregoing alpha-sulfoization or by saturated fatty acid, especially C
12-18The Direct Sulfonation of lipid acid prepares.Thereby the inventive method has for the first time been created this possibility: in large scale industry, provide without a doubt here with the described kind in back based on natural matter, the tensio-active agent that exists with exsiccant, the enriched material form that can spray.In fact this enriched material form has unlimited package stability, thereby can make significant contribution to the ABS-exchange of being striven in the world wide.
Suitable sulfated surfactant has the sulfuric acid monoester of being made with the synthetic primary alconol by natural, promptly by aliphatic alcohols, for example by coconut oleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, tetradecyl alcohol, palmityl alcohol or Stearyl alcohol or C
10-20Sulfuric acid monoester that oxo alcohol is made and the sulfuric acid monoester of making by those secondary alcohol with same chain length.Especially carried out the natural alcohol of ethoxylation with 1 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide and/or the sulfuric acid monoester of synthol also is suitable component.As the example of synthol proposed some compounds as on average have 3.5 moles of ethylene oxide, 2-methyl ramose C arranged
9-11Alcohol.In addition, Sulfated glycerin fatty acid ester also is suitable for.
Anion surfactant can be with the form of its sodium salt, sylvite and ammonium salt and as the salt of soluble organic bases and exist.
There is 1 to 40 mole as nonionogenic tenside is spendable, preferably 2 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide are added to 1 mole of affixture on the aliphatic cpd that mainly contain 10 to 20 carbon atoms, and these aliphatic cpd are the compounds from alcohol, carboxylic acid, aliphatic amide, hydrocarbon acid amides or these classifications of alkyl sulfonamide.Particularly importantly there are 8 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide to be added on the primary alconol, for example are added on coconut oleyl alcohol or the stearyl alcohol, be added on the oleyl alcohol, be added on the oxo alcohol or be added to 8 to 18, the affixture on the secondary alcohol of 12 to 18 carbon atoms is preferably arranged.But except water miscible nonionogenic tenside, intramolecularly has 2 to 7 non-water-soluble or non-complete water miscible polyglycol ethers of ethylene glycol ether, also is significant when they and water miscible nonionic or anion surfactant use together especially.Pointed out in the past,, also can consider the hysteresis trend of this nonionogenic tenside in the methods of the invention after spraying drying finishes because this class component can all or partially be coated onto on the tower powder that correspondingly forms.Especially this has versatility liquid non-ionic surfactant under chambers temp.
In addition, also can use general formula R-O-(G) as nonionogenic tenside
xAlkylglycoside.That R represents straight chain in the formula or band ramose, 8 to 22 carbon atoms are arranged, the aliphatic primary alkyl of 12 to 18 carbon atoms is preferably arranged, G representative has the glucose unit of 5 or 6 carbon atoms, and oligomeric degree x is between 1 and 10.
Be slightly acidic, neutrality or alkali reaction solubilized and/or undissolved, can the precipitated calcium ion or complexing ground all be suitable for doing organic and inorganic washing assistant or synergistic agent in conjunction with some components of calcium ion.Synergistic agent suitable and that particularly do not make the people worry on ecology is the particulate crystalline synthetic zeolite that its character has been described.As can and other synergistic agent of using together of zeolite can consider (copolymerization) polymeric polycarboxylate, as polyacrylic ester, the multipolymer of polymethacrylate and especially vinylformic acid and toxilic acid is preferably with the multipolymer of 50 to 10% toxilic acids.Generally between 1000 and 10000, the molecular weight of multipolymer is preferably 50000 to 120000(by free acid calculating to the molecular weight of homopolymer between 2000 and 200000).It is 50000 to 100000 that particularly preferred vinylformic acid-maleic acid has molecular weight.Suitable, even preferred this poorer compounds has the multipolymer of acrylic or methacrylic acid and vinyl ether, as with the multipolymer of vinyl methyl ether, acid is measured and is at least 50% in these multipolymers.In addition, can use also just like in US Patent specification 4,144,226 and 4, polymeric acetal carboxylate described in 146,495 and by the polymerization of propenal and the polymeric acid that and then obtains with the alkali disproportionation with by acrylic acid units and vinyl alcohol units or vinylcarbinol unit synthetic polymeric acid.
The organic washing-assisting detergent that can use for example has the best poly carboxylic acid that is used with the form of its sodium salt, as citric acid and nitrilotriacetate (NTA), as long as such use is not censured owing to ecology reason.
If wherein the tolerable phosphate component also can use phosphoric acid salt, especially Tri sodium Phosphate together, the pyrophosphate salt and the orthophosphoric acid salt that also can use the precipitation agent mainly as hydrochlorate to work in case of necessity.
Suitable inorganic salt that do not form complex compound-be also referred to as " washing soda "-have supercarbonate, carbonate, borate or alkaline silicate; Can use Na in the basic metal silico-calcium salt
2O: SiO
2It is 1: 1 to 1: 3.5 water glass.In order in spray-drying process of the present invention, to use together, can from all the other classes of general washing composition, consider antiredeposition agent (dirt carrier), the component in these classifications of the auxiliary agent of neutral salt and softening fabrics especially.
Suitable antiredeposition agent for example has carboxymethyl cellulose, methylcellulose gum, methyl hydroxyethylcellulose and their mixture.The exemplary of the suitable representative of neutral salt can be enumerated already mentioned sodium sulfate.Suitable softening agent for example has the layered silicate of the swellable that is equivalent to the kaolinite class, for example bentonite.
The high temp. sensitive of washing composition and washing agent and/or at room temperature be liquid common blending ingredients, non-ionic surfactant component as liquid state, to cross the SYNTHETIC OPTICAL WHITNER of compound, enzyme or bacterial strain or the mould fungi formed by proteinase, lipase and amylase, stablizer, spices, thermally sensitive dyestuff or the like, just as already noted, the practical dry powder that is with obtained is in the past mixed.
Embodiment
In the test spray-drying tower of " small-scale production " type experimental scale of Niro-Atomizer company, by being sprayed onto, the washing composition slurry makes a kind of Betengent product in the superheated vapour, promptly so-called " tower powder ".Make the water vapor of in circulation, carrying before entering moisture eliminator, pass through a superheater with the indirect heat exchange heating.It is 16 weight % surfactivitys that the lotion slurry contains solids component, about 20 weight % soda and zeolite NaA, and water glass is Sokalan(R) with common small component.The amount of moisture of slurry is 50 weight %.With a conical hollow nozzle (DN(nominal diameter)=0.7mm, about 45 ° of scattering tapering) slurry is sprayed in the moisture eliminator, spraying into pressure is 6 crust, spraying into the slurry flow is 20.8 kilograms/hour.Temperature is 60 ℃.The flow of superheated steam flow of oven dry usefulness is 181.1 kilograms/hour.Inlet temperature T
E=350 ℃, temperature out T
A=184 ℃, this heat that is equivalent to import be 60132 kilojoules you/hour.
Making the dry matter content TS=92.4 weight % of powder, is 9.66 kilograms/hour thereby reach steam capability.The specific energy consumption of test moisture eliminator is 6226.8 kilojoule that/kilograms.Characteristic for the explanation product proposes following screen analysis result:
Greater than 1.6mm 0.45
Greater than 0.8mm 6.71
Greater than 0.4mm 15.85
Greater than 0.2mm 29.72
Greater than 0.1mm 40.31
Less than/equal 0.1mm 7.14
The tap density of the powder of making like this is 407.7 grams per liters.In condenser, collect about 8.5 kilograms/hour phlegma during test.This be equivalent to heat recuperation be 20574.6 kilojoules you/hour.
Claims (21)
1, use superheated vapour as oven dry gas (this oven dry gas give off in circulation sent back to dryer section after the moisture evaporated) to be suitable for doing wetting agent, washing composition and/or washing agent and/or in these preparations, use, also can carry out the exsiccant method as the water-containing material or the raw mix of many water preparations existence, it is characterized in that: in order to prepare high-grade, particularly dried material light color and/or that do not have carbonate deposition, it is main at least by indirect heat exchange supply steam cycle stream that water is evaporated required energy.
2, by the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: use to be full of the interior pressure of system in the normal pressure scope of steam, be enough to prevent air for example in the invasive system of trouble spot but preferably pressure is brought up to, and gauge pressure is preferably in below 50 millibars.
3, by claim 1 and 2 described methods, it is characterized in that: drying can be carried out as spraying drying and/or as drying in fluidized-bed.
4, by the described method of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: if be spraying drying, at least mainly outside drying zone, indirectly energy is added in the steam cycle, and for fluidised bed drying, also can use with fluidized-bed becomes whole heat exchange surface.
5, by the described method of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: to wanting flowing and aerosolizable many aqueous solution of exsiccant raw material or raw mix, milk sap and/or suspensoid carry out spraying drying with the steam cycle air-flow.
6, by the described method of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: the temperature of cyclic steam is maintained at about 100 to 450 ℃, in preferably about 115 to 350 ℃ scope.
7, by the described method of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: use the steam exit temperature in spraying drying district to be at least 150 ℃, preferably be at least 180 ℃.
8, by the described method of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: before the part material is subjected to heat effect harm, stop drying to it, and if necessary by add some can be in conjunction with the blending ingredients of limited water and/or then carry out for homogenizing this partly the residual moisture content in material back reason and/or under the condition of not damaging raw material, this part raw material is carried out the pouring into property sprinkling property maybe that after drying guarantees the shelf-stable of this incomplete exsiccant material.
9, by the described method of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: to wetting agent, washing composition and/or washing agent, especially many water preparations of water miscible and/or the insoluble organic and/or inorganic raw material of fabric detergent are handled, these raw materials are as component that Action of Surfactant or emulsifying agent effect are arranged, inorganic and/or organic washing assistant or boosting components, washing soda, thinner or neutral salt, fabric softener, bleach-activating agent, improve the auxiliary agent of washings dirt suspending power, as antiredeposition agent and abrasive substance.
10, by the described method of claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that: for use in conjunction with surplus water act as independent solid can fixed water (for example by as crystalline in conjunction with or absorb in conjunction with) auxiliary agent, and use pouring into property and the package stability of enough amount of auxiliary together with the assurance dried material with a kind of form of implementation.
11, by the described method of claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that: just at least some, preferably can be mixed into major part in conjunction with the auxiliary agent of surplus water in the raw material preparation of many water before with the raw material preparation of the many water of superheat steam drying.
12, by the described method of claim 1 to 11, it is characterized in that: suitable work can be in conjunction with the raw material in wetting agent, washing composition and/or the washing agent field of surplus water, for example can use boosting components, washing soda and/or these classifications of thinner can be in conjunction with the inorganic raw material of crystal water, or use the organic raw material that the ability that absorbs the ground combination water is arranged.
13, by the described method of claim 1 to 12, it is characterized in that: the material that also contains surplus water to the spraying drying district of the superheated vapour of using by oneself carries out the aftertreatment at least one stage, make in initial that occur, residual moisture homogenizing from the material that drying zone takes out and/or carry out after drying, and some aftertreatments are to use superheated vapour to carry out in as the fluidized-bed of hot gas flow like this.
14, by the described method of claim 1 to 13, it is characterized in that: residual moisture content is in the scope of about 0.5 to 20 weight % the time, stopping the drying step with superheated vapour when being preferably in the scope of about 1 to 12 weight %, especially will not be to be limited in maximum as crystal water bonded free water content to be about 10 weight %(weight % and respectively to calculate by the weight of the particulate material that takes out from drying zone).
15, by the described method of claim 1 to 14, it is characterized in that: will be preferably from tensio-active agent, perhaps emulsifying agent or washing assistant, perhaps in these classifications of synergistic agent, especially each component of the organic or inorganic kind of selecting as raw material from the raw material field of fabric detergent is made the dry material of sprinkling, and can to they and water miscible, especially with can handle to guarantee its sprinkling property and package stability and/or to regulate its tap density in conjunction with the mixture of the salt of crystal water.
16, by the described method of claim 1 to 15, it is characterized in that: the raw mix that will prepare fabric detergent carries out drying, these washing composition preferably contain and washing assistant or volume increase agent tensio-active agent together, if desired, also contain washing soda and/or neutral salt.
17, by the described method of claim 1 to 16, it is characterized in that: use at least at drying zone that temperature is about 200 ℃, be preferably in superheated vapour more than 250 ℃ or 250 ℃ as hot gas flow.
18, by the described method of claim 1 to 17, it is characterized in that: the material of taking out of is not turned back in the initial circulation with in fact having waste gas and no waste water.
19, use prepares the solid surfactant material that can spray by the described method of claim 1 to 18, and these surfactivity solid matters also can be present in the mixture to guarantee the sprinkling property and/or the tap density of mixture together with soluble especially inorganic salt.
20, use by the described method of claim 1 to 18 and prepare some dried feed based on silicate, these dried feed are particularly useful in the fabric detergent, can expansible and/or can not the corresponding representative of expansible but also comprise, the zeolite NaA in bentonite and/or zeolite compound, especially the washing composition sizing material for example.
21, use prepares heavy powder of fabric detergent or washing composition partical by the described method of claim 1 to 18, thermally sensitive and/or chance water vapor evaporable component can be added in heavy powder of these washing composition or the washing composition partical and prepare the finished product washing composition.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93101501 CN1076481A (en) | 1993-02-11 | 1993-02-11 | With superheated vapour the raw material of washing composition and washing agent being carried out exsiccant improves one's methods |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93101501 CN1076481A (en) | 1993-02-11 | 1993-02-11 | With superheated vapour the raw material of washing composition and washing agent being carried out exsiccant improves one's methods |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101688755B (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2012-06-27 | 马斯公司 | Method and apparatus for drying a material |
| CN112197514A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-08 | 湖南精诚制药机械有限公司 | Vacuum drying oven that likepowder medicament is dry with drying efficiency height |
-
1993
- 1993-02-11 CN CN 93101501 patent/CN1076481A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101688755B (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2012-06-27 | 马斯公司 | Method and apparatus for drying a material |
| CN112197514A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-08 | 湖南精诚制药机械有限公司 | Vacuum drying oven that likepowder medicament is dry with drying efficiency height |
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