CN107480812A - A kind of urban catchments early-stage rainwater vegetable soils method - Google Patents
A kind of urban catchments early-stage rainwater vegetable soils method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of urban catchments early-stage rainwater vegetable soils method, belong to technical field of sewage, method includes：Divide the small watershed network of waterways and watershed；At along the node of main stem and upper and lower alien's watershed, monitoring section is set；Monitor dry season section water quality, water；At monitoring section, monitor average water quality, water in rainfall t at the initial stage periods, calculate each watershed early-stage rainwater pollutional load and pollutant concentration；Land use pattern is divided, soil interpretation is carried out to watershed remote sensing figure, obtains each watershed different geographical classification area accounting；Just rain pollutant concentration and regional category and the assessment models of rainfall intensity are established, and contamination factor and rain drop erosion coefficient are obtained by fitting；Predicted city small watershed regional pollution Long-term change trend.The present invention can fast and accurately count urban catchments early-stage rainwater pollutional load situation, and effectively predict basin pollutional load change after land character change.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of sewage, more particularly to a kind of urban catchments early-stage rainwater vegetable soils
Method.
Background technology
With great attention of the China to water environment treatment, point-source pollution controls to obtain constantly improve, and pollution of area source is also
Through gradually earning widespread respect, the improvement of wherein urban catchments early-stage rainwater pollution is an important ring.At present for city
The assessment of small watershed precontamination load mainly has model estimation and on the spot monitoring method.
Wherein, model estimation is based on pollution of area source models such as HSPA, SWAT, WASP, by model construction and is joined
Several calibration, so as to the calculating applied to early-stage rainwater pollutional load.But this method needs the substantial amounts of basic data of mobile phone
To carry out calibration and calibration, population, industrial structure information, industrial enterprise's situation, soil types and meteorology etc. to model parameter
Data are needed to be collected from different departments, and the water quality data of mouth are arranged along river and need continuation monitoring to obtain, therefore this
The acquisition of a little basic datas needs to expend a large amount of manpowers and time, in actual applications, often due to the inaccuracy of underlying parameter,
Analog result is caused to be differed greatly with actual conditions.
If monitoring method is to be divided into Ganlei's underlying surface according to different zones early-stage rainwater polluting property on the spot, per class underlay
A certain proportion of representative point position is chosen in face to be monitored, and according to the monitoring result of these representative point positions, calculates whole metropolitan district
Early-stage rainwater pollutional load in the range of domain.But this monitored position selection of method and Monitoring Data amount are restricted, its
As a result it is difficult to the authenticity of representative basin.
The content of the invention
It is small to improve it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of appraisal procedure of urban catchments early-stage rainwater pollutional load
The accuracy of basin precontamination load evaluation.
To realize object above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：It is dirty to provide a kind of neck urban catchments early-stage rainwater
The appraisal procedure of load is contaminated, including：
S1, small watershed is divided into the network of waterways and watershed, and set in the section part of main stem and watershed intersection point
Monitoring section；
S2, the monitoring in monitoring section progress dry season and rainfall water quality at initial stage, water, obtain early-stage rainwater pollutional load；
S3, counted according to water quality, the water of the water quality of monitoring section, water and rainfall monitoring section at initial stage during dry season
Calculate, obtain the non-point source pollution loading and the average water concentration of heavy of each watershed；
S4, city district classification is divided, obtain watershed regional category；
S5, the non-point source pollution loading according to each watershed, heavy averagely water concentration and watershed region
Relation between classification, establishes assessment models；
S6, utilize the average water concentration of non-point source pollution loading, heavy of each watershed and watershed region
The data such as classification are fitted to the coefficient in assessment models, obtain fitting coefficient；
S7, using the assessment models for determining fitting coefficient, the basin all subregion early-stage rainwater pollutional load is commented
Estimate, and the rainwater pollution load after being changed to the basin regional category is predicted.
Wherein, step S1 is specifically included：
DEM figures are carried out using ArcGIS to fill out hollow, flow direction analysis, integrated flow calculating, river network extraction and basin domain
Analysis, generate the small watershed network of waterways and watershed.
Wherein, step S4, specifically include：
The classification of regional category is carried out to watershed remote sensing figure, and each watershed ground area is counted.
Wherein, assessment models are specially：
C=∑s (γiFj+λi)Si,
Wherein, C is pollutional load assessment result, γiIn rainfall intensity it is F for i-th kind of regional categoryjWhen coefficient of scouring,
λiFor the contamination factor of i-th kind of regional category, SiFor the area accounting of i-th kind of regional category.
Compared with prior art, there is following technique effect in the present invention：The present invention is because river course is as early-stage rainwater remittance
Terminal, by being monitored to river cross-section water quality and quantity, can quick and precisely react the non-point source pollution loading feelings in basin
Condition.By establishing the assessment models between different cities regional category, rainfall intensity and early-stage rainwater pollutional load, and combine real
The data of border detection are fitted to assessment models, determine in assessment models the contamination factor of different geographical classification and wash away be
Number, and the pollutional load of small watershed is predicted using assessment models, it can fast and effectively predict that basin land status change
City initial rainwater pollutional load situation after change.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail：
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of urban catchments early-stage rainwater vegetable soils method in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is to set the schematic diagram of monitoring site in river cross-section in the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to illustrate further the feature of the present invention, please refer to the following detailed descriptions related to the present invention and accompanying drawing.Institute
Accompanying drawing is only for reference and purposes of discussion, is not used for being any limitation as protection scope of the present invention.
Firstly the need of explanation, small watershed refers to total catchment area≤150km in the present embodiment2, urban area refers to
Be the region that there is the covering of municipal Storm Sewer Network urban roof runoff, pavement runoff and urban green space etc..
As shown in figure 1, present embodiment discloses a kind of urban catchments early-stage rainwater vegetable soils method, including such as
Lower step S1 to S7：
S1, small watershed is divided into the network of waterways and watershed, and set in the section part of main stem and watershed intersection point
Monitoring section；
Specifically, small watershed is divided into the network of waterways and watershed, specifically included：
DEM figures are carried out using ArcGIS to fill out hollow, flow direction analysis, integrated flow calculating, river network extraction and basin domain
Analysis, generate the small watershed network of waterways and watershed.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2 small watershed is divided into 6 sub- watersheds, and in river course and 6 sub- watersheds
Intersection 6 monitoring sections are set respectively.
It should be noted that being combined in the present embodiment using GIS, assessment models with actual measurement, that is, avoid modeling
During model applicability and the problem of calibration, it also avoid the representational problem in monitoring point in monitoring method on the spot.
S2, the monitoring in monitoring section progress dry season and rainfall water quality at initial stage, water, obtain early-stage rainwater pollutional load；
Specifically, in actual applications, monitor each section water quality and quantity at dry season, Monitoring frequency be every 2h once,
Monitoring cycle is 24h.
Each section water quality, water are monitored in rainfall initial stage, and rainfall initial time starts to monitor, and Monitoring frequency is in starting 1h
Once, monitoring th altogether, (when rainfall intensity is less than 25mm/d, t takes 10h, rainfall intensity to each 5min after 1h every 20min once
For 25-50mm/d when, t takes 5h；When rainfall intensity is more than 50mm/d, t takes 2h).
S3, counted according to water quality, the water of the water quality of monitoring section, water and rainfall monitoring section at initial stage during dry season
Calculate, obtain the non-point source pollution loading and the average water concentration of heavy of each watershed；
Specifically, the non-point source pollution loading of each watershed is calculated in the present embodiment according to step S2 monitoring result
And the average water concentration of heavy.
S4, city district classification is divided, obtain watershed regional category；
Specifically, the step is specially：The classification of regional category is carried out to watershed remote sensing figure, and to each watershed
Ground area is counted.
S5, the non-point source pollution loading according to each watershed, heavy averagely water concentration and watershed region
Relation between classification, establishes assessment models；
Specifically, the assessment models are specially：C=∑s (γiFj+λi)Si, wherein, C is pollutional load assessment result, γi
In rainfall intensity it is F for i-th kind of regional categoryjWhen coefficient of scouring, λiFor the contamination factor of i-th kind of regional category, SiFor i-th
The area accounting of kind regional category.
S6, utilize the average water concentration of non-point source pollution loading, heavy of each watershed and watershed region
The data such as classification are fitted to the coefficient in assessment models, obtain fitting coefficient；
Specifically, the contamination factor in assessment models, coefficient of scouring are intended using using actual monitoring data at this
Close, determine contamination factor, the value of coefficient of scouring of different geographical classification.
S7, using the assessment models for determining fitting coefficient, the basin all subregion early-stage rainwater pollutional load is commented
Estimate, and the rainwater pollution load after being changed to the basin regional category is predicted.
Handled in the present embodiment by using the data to different geographical classification actual monitoring, it is dirty to obtain basin rainwater
Contaminate load assessment models, with basin land status change after watershed rainwater pollution load be predicted.
Specifically, using certain city inland river basin of selection as application region, the drainage area is 106km2, to the present embodiment
In urban catchments early-stage rainwater vegetable soils method illustrate：
1) each section dry-weather discharge and water quality are monitored by being arranged on the monitoring site of river cross-section：
If each dry season monitoring flows of section n are designated as qn1、qn2…qn12, water concentration is monitored every time is designated as cn1、cn2…
cn12：
Then the average dry-weather discharge at section n is：
Average dry season water concentration：
Wherein：qniFlow, c are monitored for section n ith dry seasonsniWater concentration is monitored for section n ith dry seasons.
Each section dry season average discharge in river and average water quality are as shown in table 1：
Table 1
2) each section wet-weather flow and water quality are monitored by being arranged on the monitoring site of river cross-section：
By calculating average discharge and average water quality (rainfall intensity 10mm/d) in rainfall 10h at initial stage, if during section n rainfalls
Monitoring flow is designated as Q every timen1、Qn2…Qnm, water concentration is monitored every time is designated as Cn1、Cn2…Cnm：
Then flow during average rainfall at section n：
Water concentration during average rainfall：
Wherein：QniFor section n rainfalls when ith monitor flow, CniFor section n rainfalls when ith monitor water concentration.
Each section average discharge in rainfall river course at initial stage and average water quality are shown in Table 2：
Table 2
3) according to step 1), 2) in monitoring each section average discharge in dry season river course and average water quality, rainfall river course at initial stage
Each section average discharge and average water quality analyser are calculated first when the first rain pollutional load of each watershed and rainfall intensity are 10mm/d
The average pollutant concentration of rain, the average pollutant of first rain when the first rain pollutional load and rainfall intensity of each watershed are 10mm/d
Concentration is shown in Table 3：
Table 3
4) repeat step 1), 2), 3), obtain average water concentration of each watershed in different rainfall intensities, be shown in Table
4：
Table 4
5) supervised classification of 5 kinds of regional categories is carried out to the watershed remote sensing figure, obtains 5 kinds of regions of each watershed
Classification area accounting, if regional category area accounting is respectively S in the 5 of n obtained watershedn1、Sn2、Sn3、Sn4、Sn5,
Each watershed different geographical classification accounting is shown in Table 5：
Table 5
6) each watershed land use class accounting and early-stage rainwater ammonia nitrogen concentration based on more than, are obtained by fitting：
C*=(- 0.42*F+0.3) * S1+(0.16*F+9.8)*S2+(0.154*F+12.1)*S3
+(0.04*F+0.1)*S4+(0.183*F+0.6)*S5
Wherein, coefficient R=0.988.
Thus it can determine that each regional category contamination factor and coefficient of scouring are respectively hard surface 0.3 and -0.42, house is small
Area 9.8 and 0.16, industrial park 12.1 and 0.154, urban green space 0.1 and 0.04, bare land 0.6 and 0.183.
7) regional land planning is combined, part urban green space will build up residential quarters, each regional category in watershed 6
Accounting is changed into hard surface 0.04, residential quarters 0.26, industrial land 0, urban green space 0.55, bare land 0.15.
By model of fit prediction watershed 6 in step 6) after land use morphology change initial stage under different rainfall intensities
Rainwater pollution concentration is shown in Table 6：
Table 6
| Rainfall intensity (mm/d) | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 |
| The first average ammonia nitrogen concentration (mg/l) of rain | 3.4 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 4.6 |
The method that the present embodiment provides can fast and accurately count urban catchments early-stage rainwater pollutional load situation, and
Basin pollutional load changes after effectively prediction land character changes, and shortens the pollution surveys cycle during Small Watershed Management, is water
The specified offer scientific basis of environmental improvement measure.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. urban catchments early-stage rainwater vegetable soils method, it is characterised in that including：S1, small watershed is divided into the network of waterways and watershed, and sets and monitor in the section part of main stem and watershed intersection point Section；S2, the monitoring in monitoring section progress dry season and rainfall water quality at initial stage, water, obtain early-stage rainwater pollutional load；S3, calculated according to water quality, the water of the water quality of monitoring section, water and rainfall monitoring section at initial stage during dry season, Obtain the early-stage rainwater pollutional load and the average water concentration of heavy of each watershed；S4, city district classification is divided, obtain watershed regional category；S5, the average water concentration of non-point source pollution loading, heavy and watershed regional category according to each watershed Between relation, establish assessment models；S6, the average water concentration of non-point source pollution loading, heavy and watershed regional category using each watershed The coefficient in assessment models is fitted etc. data, obtains fitting coefficient；S7, using the assessment models for determining fitting coefficient, the basin all subregion early-stage rainwater pollutional load is assessed, and Rainwater pollution load after being changed to the basin regional category is predicted.
- 2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that small watershed is divided into the network of waterways and remittance in described step S1 Aqua region, specifically include：DEM figures are carried out using ArcGIS to fill out hollow, flow direction analysis, integrated flow calculating, river network extraction and basin domain analysis, Generate the small watershed network of waterways and watershed.
- 3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step S4, specifically include：The classification of regional category is carried out to watershed remote sensing figure, and each watershed ground area is counted.
- 4. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described assessment models are specially：C=∑s (γiFj+λi)Si,Wherein, C is pollutional load assessment result, γiIn rainfall intensity it is F for i-th kind of regional categoryjWhen coefficient of scouring, λiFor The contamination factor of i-th kind of regional category, SiFor the area accounting of i-th kind of regional category.
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| CN109242367A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-18 | 山东建筑大学 | A kind of city wastewater treatment rate assessment calculation method |
| CN110135717A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-16 | 东南大学 | The division method of urban watershed management and control units based on water-green coupling |
| CN111126702A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-08 | 武汉新烽光电股份有限公司 | Road non-point source pollution information prediction method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN111552763A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-18 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Urban non-point source pollution load monitoring method |
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| CN112624341A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-04-09 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Construction method of ecological comprehensive treatment and restoration system for urban micro water body water |
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| CN115168446A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-10-11 | 中科三清科技有限公司 | Pollutant tracing method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN117494477A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-02-02 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Regional phosphorus pollution load assessment method and system |
| CN117494477B (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-03-26 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Regional phosphorus pollution load assessment method and system |
| CN118521227A (en) * | 2024-07-22 | 2024-08-20 | 江苏省环境监测中心 | Agricultural area flood season pollution intensity calculation method and system based on rainfall and water quality monitoring |
| CN119804234A (en) * | 2025-03-13 | 2025-04-11 | 陕西省环境监测中心站 | River flood period pollution monitoring and early warning method, system, equipment and medium |
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