CN107476814A - A kind of self-vibration jet grouted anchor bar integrated construction device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-vibrating jet grouting bolt integrated construction equipment and method, which is composed of a self-vibrating jet grouting bolt, a high-pressure rotary grout mixer, a grouting device, and a hydraulic drive device. The self-vibrating jet grouting anchor rod is a hollow rod body with a helicoidal stirring plate, a self-vibration generator is arranged at the front end of the anchor rod, and the self-vibration generator is connected to a drill bit. The upper part of the high-pressure rotary mixer is provided with a feed inlet, the bottom is provided with a rotating leg that can be lifted and rotated freely, the front part is provided with a jet nozzle, the inner cavity is provided with a rotating shaft, and the front end of the rotating shaft is provided with a connecting plug. It is matched and connected with the self-vibrating jet grouting bolt connection slot, the rear end is provided with bearings, and both ends are provided with high-pressure sealing boxes. The grouting device adjusts the grouting volume and grouting pressure at any time, and the hydraulic drive device provides rotation power. The invention will be widely used in support and reinforcement projects in engineering fields such as mines, transportation, water conservancy and the like, and has broad application prospects and remarkable economic benefits.

Description

A self-vibrating jet grouting bolt integrated construction equipment and method

technical field

The invention relates to bolts used in the fields of mining, transportation, water conservancy and engineering.

Background technique

In the fields of mining engineering, geotechnical engineering, tunnel engineering, etc., in order to prevent the deformation or instability of the formation and surrounding rock and endanger the safety of the project, it is necessary to support and strengthen the surrounding rock of the formation, and the bolt support reinforcement technology is the most widely used a support technology. Bolt support can not only give full play to the stability of the rock and soil itself, but also has little disturbance to the original rock, fast construction speed, safe and reliable, and economical and effective. Therefore, it is used in mine support, tunnel support, slope support, large-scale It is widely used in the support of underground chambers, as well as anti-floating and anti-overturning projects of various buildings. Among them, the support and reinforcement effect of the grouted anchor is more effective than that of the ordinary anchor. The grouting bolt can achieve full-length bonding under pressure, which not only improves the anchorage strength, but also allows the slurry to effectively penetrate into the cracks of the surrounding rock, improve the overall strength of the broken surrounding rock, and more effectively control the deformation of the surrounding rock, and the anchor has good wrapping properties , not easily corroded by formation fluids.

At present, most of the grouting bolts used in mines and geotechnical engineering use hydraulic or pneumatic drilling rigs as the power source, and after the rotary drilling reaches the depth of the stratum, the bolts are installed, and finally the grouting construction is carried out. Although this type of grouting bolt has obvious effects on improving the surrounding rock stress environment and increasing the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, it has a high degree of fragmentation of the surrounding rock, developed cracks, short self-stabilization time of the surrounding rock, and hard rock at the bottom of the drilling hole. In other projects or other special circumstances, it has the following disadvantages: (1) The grouting pressure is low, the cracks cannot be effectively penetrated, and the overall reinforcement effect of the loose and broken surrounding rock is poor; (2) The bolt drilling and grouting cannot be integrated and synchronized Generally, it is necessary to drill holes, pull out the drill pipe, install the anchor rod, and then carry out the grouting operation, resulting in a long construction period, and for extremely unstable surrounding rocks, it is easy to miss the best anchoring support time, resulting in deformation and loss of surrounding rocks. (3) During the drilling process, only relying on the rotary drilling of the power source, the impact force of the drill bit on the hard rock at the bottom of the hole is small, the efficiency of rock drilling and rock breaking is low, the drilling speed is slow, and the drilling construction period long. Therefore, the actual application and popularization effect of grouting bolts is not very ideal, which is manifested in the low density of the full-length grouting, insufficient bearing capacity, complicated construction procedures, slow drilling speed, and long cycle time. In order to overcome the above problems, researchers have proposed a variety of new grouting anchors.

For example: Chinese invention patent ZL201310096450.0 discloses a perforated large-head grouting constant resistance bolt, and has developed a kind of bolt suitable for the special environment of mines. inside the body) to form blasting perforation cracks or holes, and then use high-pressure grouting device to form big-headed anchor bolts in the broken coal rock mass (soft rock) at the end, which can improve the rock-breaking efficiency at the bottom of the hole to a certain extent and realize high-pressure grouting It solves the problem of low support strength of the existing ordinary anchor rods under the complex geological conditions of high-stress surrounding rock, soft rock and broken rock mass. However, this kind of bolt adopts blasting means, the construction conditions and procedures are complicated, and the simultaneous integrated construction of drilling and grouting cannot be realized, and equipment needs to be replaced midway, which may delay the best support time.

Chinese utility model patent ZL201420048521.X discloses a self-advancing grouting bolt, which is used for the construction of weak surrounding rock in tunnels and the disposal of tunnel collapse, and can also be used for slope protection. The main body of the grouting anchor includes a hollow anchor body with a central grouting channel. The front end of the anchor body is equipped with a cross drill with a drill bit blade "8", which solves the problem of traditional anchor drilling, plugging anchoring agent and anchor placement. The construction process is complex, and through the grouting of the hollow bolt body, the bolt can be in close contact with the entire length of the rock mass, which avoids the problems that the bolt is difficult to insert when the hole collapses, and the anchoring agent is not dense. But this kind of bolt also can't realize the synchronous integrated construction of drilling and grouting, and the rock-breaking efficiency of the cross drill bit with blade "8" also needs to be improved.

Chinese utility model patent ZL201220074667.2 discloses a high-pressure water self-drilling grouting bolt for mining, which consists of three parts: an anchor head, a shaft and a support. The anchor head is composed of a high-pressure water outlet, a high-pressure water delivery pipe and a drill bit. The water delivery pipe is placed inside the anchor body and the drill bit, and the high-pressure water outlet is placed at the front end of the drill bit. The high-pressure water is used to assist in breaking through the rock to increase the drilling speed, improve the support operation efficiency, and effectively improve the initial anchor force and support. After the anchor force. However, the high-pressure water breakdown rock process of this kind of bolt and the grouting process are separate operations, that is, the drill bit is drilled first, and the high-pressure water is used to break through the rock, and then the grouting construction operation is carried out. The slurry is not synchronously integrated construction, and there are also the problems of long construction period and complicated procedures, and the process of high-pressure water rock breaking is added to the drilling process, which may make the construction process cumbersome. If cement slurry can directly replace high-pressure water and realize simultaneous drilling and grouting operations, the construction process will be greatly simplified, time will be shortened, and the drilling speed will be increased.

To sum up, the existing grouting bolts generally have the problems that the bolt drilling and grouting cannot be constructed synchronously, the construction period is long, and the process is complicated. The support effect is not ideal due to the short time and the hard rock at the bottom of the drilling hole. The self-vibrating jet grouting and bolt integrated construction equipment and method of the present invention can better solve the above support problems.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of existing grouting bolts, provide a self-vibrating jet grouting bolt integrated construction equipment, and solve the problems of high rock fragmentation, crack development, and short self-stabilization time of surrounding rock in underground engineering. It can be used as both permanent support and temporary support due to low drilling efficiency, long construction period and complicated process caused by hard rock at the bottom of the hole. At the same time, the method of using the device is provided.

The structure of the self-vibrating jet grouting bolt integrated construction equipment of the present invention is composed of a self-vibrating jet grouting bolt, a high-pressure rotary grout mixer, a grouting device, and a hydraulic drive device.

In the self-vibrating jet grouting anchor, the front end of the anchor is provided with a self-vibration generator, and the self-vibration generator is connected with a drill bit, which can form an axial vibration impact for efficient drilling and rock drilling. The rear end of the anchor body It is equipped with a grout stopper, a tray, a grouting interface, a nut and a connecting slot, and the anchor rod body is a hollow rod body with a helical stirring blade, which can fully stir the slurry after grouting to achieve uniform and full-length bonding. There is a bonding layer formed by grouting between the anchor rod body and the borehole wall.

The self-vibration generator is composed of two front and rear rotating gears with special-shaped cross-sections. When the anchor rod body rotates and drills, it drives the front gears to rotate, and the front gears rotate during the rotation. The staggered movement of the rotating teeth produces axial impact, and the rear gear is connected with a drill bit, which rotates once and impacts one cycle, which can realize high-frequency impact on the hard rock at the bottom of the drilling hole, which is more efficient than simple grinding of rock and realizes efficient drilling. Into the broken rock.

The drill bit is composed of blades, jet grouting nozzles, inserts, and sealing retaining rings. The number of blades can be set to 3 to 6 blades according to the hardness of the rock. The jet grouting nozzles are cone straight nozzles. The quantity can be set from 3 to 6 according to the grouting requirements. The inserts are impact-resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheets, which can efficiently break rocks under the impact of rotation.

The high-pressure rotary slurry mixer is provided with a feed inlet on the upper part, and a rotating leg that can be lifted and rotated freely at the bottom, which can implement integrated synchronous drilling and grouting for parts with different angles and heights. There are 3~6 jet nozzles, which are used to make the slurry inside the high-pressure rotary slurry mixer form a high-speed jet. The inner cavity is equipped with a rotating shaft, and the front end of the rotating shaft is equipped with a connecting plug to connect with the self-vibrating jet grouting anchor rod. The slots are matched and connected, the rear end is equipped with bearings, and both ends are equipped with high-pressure sealing boxes, which adopt high-pressure rotary car seals, and the pressure resistance can reach more than 30MPa.

The grouting device is composed of a grouting pump, a high-pressure grouting manifold, and a high-pressure control valve. Its function is to adjust the amount of grout and the grouting pressure required for grouting at any time to ensure the pressure or flow of grout supply during construction. Sufficient and uniform.

The hydraulic driving device is composed of a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic manifold, and a hydraulic workstation, and its function is to better provide rotational power for a self-vibrating jet grouting and bolt integrated construction equipment, and to drive the high-pressure rotary grout mixer to rotate The shaft and the self-vibrating jet grouting anchor body rotate.

The construction method of the self-vibrating jet grouting bolt integrated construction equipment of the present invention is as follows: firstly adjust the rotating outrigger in place, then connect the high-pressure rotary grouting mixer to the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic workstation, and use high-pressure grouting pump The grouting manifold is connected to the control valve. After the self-vibrating jet grouting anchor is in place, nuts, trays, and stoppers need to be installed in advance, and then the self-vibrating jet grouting anchor passes through the connecting plug at the front end of the high-pressure rotary grouting mixer. The connection slot at the rear end of the bolt body is connected to the high-pressure rotary grout mixer, and at the same time, the outlet of the jet nozzle of the high-pressure rotary grout mixer is just connected to the grouting interface of the self-vibrating jet grouting anchor rod to form a grouting flow channel; During construction, start the hydraulic workstation and hydraulic motor first, drive the rotation shaft of the high-pressure rotary slurry mixer, and drive the self-vibrating jet grouting anchor to rotate. During the rotation of the rod body, the self-vibration generator is triggered to rotate the front teeth, and the front teeth are turned. After moving, the teeth are rotated, and the staggered movement and rotation completes one impact, and the impact is continued in a cycle. The impact is transmitted to the drill bit to complete the impact and crushing of the rock at the bottom of the drilled hole. Finally, the grouting pump is started at the right time, and the slurry flows into the high-pressure rotation The feed port of the slurry mixer is sent to the jet nozzle at the front end to generate the first-stage high-speed jet, and then the slurry enters the bolt body through the self-vibrating jet grouting anchor rod grouting interface, and is sent to the jet grouting of the drill bit The nozzle is sprayed to form the second high-speed, high-pressure cement slurry jet, which can not only play the role of assisting in breaking the rock at the bottom of the hole during the drilling process, but also allow the high-speed, high-pressure slurry to flow through the entire hole under the agitation of the spiral edge stirring blade. Drilling, bonding with the full length of the hole wall, and invading deep broken or cracked rock mass, completing the grouting reinforcement process simultaneously, achieving the purpose of synchronous and integrated construction of drilling construction and grouting construction.

The advantages of the self-vibrating jet grouting bolt integrated construction equipment of the present invention are:

1. The self-vibrating jet grouting anchor rod is used to produce vibratory impact during the rotary drilling process, which can improve the rock drilling or rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit, increase the drilling speed, and save construction time. High-pressure, high-speed jet grout The body can also go deep into the deep part of the broken or cracked surrounding rock mass. Compared with the existing technology, the grouting reinforcement has a wide range, large depth and good effect. At the same time, it can also realize the synchronous integrated construction of bolt drilling and grouting. Simple and greatly shorten the construction period.

2. The high-pressure rotary grout mixer is adopted, which has good high-pressure sealing performance for the multi-phase mixed fluid medium such as cement slurry, which can increase the grouting pressure, which can reach more than 30MPa, and has a good grouting reinforcement effect on surrounding rocks; the rotating outrigger can be lifted freely It can realize integrated synchronous drilling and grouting construction for parts with different angles and heights. It is easy to disassemble and reliable in structure, and is suitable for complex working conditions on the construction site.

3. The construction process of this equipment is systematic, the drilling efficiency is high, the grouting quality and effect are good, and the construction process is simple and convenient, the construction period is short, the cost performance is superior, and the physical and mechanical properties are stable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the self-vibrating jet grouting bolt body in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the high-pressure rotary mixer in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the drill bit in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 5 is an A-A sectional view of the drill bit in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the self-vibrating jet grouting anchor rod in the present invention.

In the figure: 1—self-vibrating jet grouting bolt; 2—high-pressure rotary grouting mixer; 3—grouting pump; 4—high-pressure grouting manifold; 5—high-pressure control valve; 6—hydraulic motor; 7—hydraulic pipe sink; 8—hydraulic workstation; 9—adhesive layer; 10—drilling; 101—drill bit; 102—self-vibration generator; 103—bolt rod body; - tray; 107 - nut; 108 - grouting interface; 109 - connecting slot; 201 - rotating shaft; 202 - jet nozzle; 203 - connecting plug; 204 - bearing; 205 - flat key; 206 - high pressure sealing box; 207—feed inlet; 208—rotating outrigger; 1011—knife wing; 1012—jet grouting nozzle; 1013—insert teeth; 1014—sealing retaining ring.

detailed description

The present invention provides an integrated construction equipment for self-vibrating jet grouting and bolting. In order to make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the present invention clearer and clearer, the specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the self-vibrating jet grouting bolt integrated construction equipment of the present invention includes a self-vibrating jet grouting bolt 1, a high-pressure rotary grout mixer 2, a grouting device, and a hydraulic drive device.

In the self-vibrating jet grouting bolt 1, a self-vibration generator 102 is installed at the front end of the bolt, and the self-vibration generator 102 is connected to the drill bit 101 to form an axial vibration impact so as to efficiently drill rocks. The bolt body 103 The rear end is provided with a grout stopper 105, a tray 106, a grouting interface 108, a nut 107 and a connecting slot 109, and the anchor rod body 103 is a hollow rod body with a helical stirring piece 104, which can fully stir the grout after grouting Body, to achieve uniform, full-length bonding, there is a bonding layer 9 formed by grouting between the anchor rod body 103 and the wall of the borehole 10.

The self-vibration generator 102 is composed of two front and rear rotating gears with special-shaped cross-sections. The anchor rod body 103 drives the front gears to rotate during rotary drilling, and the rear gears rotate during the rotation process. , the staggered movement of the front and rear rotating teeth produces axial impact, and the rear dial is connected to the drill head 101, which rotates once and impacts one cycle, which can realize high-frequency impact on hard rock at the bottom of 10 holes, which is more efficient than simple grinding of rock , to achieve efficient drilling and rock breaking.

The drill bit 101 includes blades 1011, jet grouting nozzles 1012, inserts 1013, and sealing retaining rings 1014. The number of blades 1011 can be set to 3 to 6 blades according to the hardness of the rock, and the jet grouting nozzles 1012 are cones. Straight nozzle, the number of nozzles can be set from 3 to 6 according to the grouting requirements, and the insert 1013 is an impact-resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, which can efficiently break rocks under the impact of rotation.

The high-pressure rotary mixer 2 is provided with a feed inlet 207 on the upper part, and a rotating leg 208 that can be lifted and rotated freely at the bottom, so that integrated synchronous drilling and grouting can be implemented for parts with different angles and heights. , the front part is provided with 3~6 jet nozzles 202, the function is to make the slurry inside the high-pressure rotary mixer 2 form a high-speed jet, the inner cavity is provided with a rotating shaft 201, and the front end of the rotating shaft 201 is provided with a connecting plug 203, which is connected with the automatic The connecting slots 109 of the vibration jet grouting bolt 1 are matched and connected, the rear end is provided with a bearing 204, and both ends are provided with a high-pressure sealing box 206, which adopts a high-pressure rotary car seal, and the pressure resistance can reach more than 30MPa.

The grouting device is composed of a grouting pump 3, a high-pressure grouting manifold 4, and a high-pressure control valve 5, and its function is to adjust the amount of grout required for grouting and the grouting pressure at any time to ensure the supply of grout during construction. Adequate pressure or flow with good uniformity.

The hydraulic driving device is composed of a hydraulic motor 6, a hydraulic manifold 7, and a hydraulic workstation 8, and its function is to better provide rotational power for the present invention, drive the rotating shaft 201 of the high-pressure rotary mixer 2 and the self-vibrating jet The grouting anchor rod body 103 rotates.

The present invention is a self-vibrating jet grouting bolt integrated construction equipment, which specifically includes the following working process:

1. First adjust the rotating leg 208 in place, then connect the high-pressure rotary mixer 2 to the hydraulic motor 6 and the hydraulic workstation 8, and connect to the grouting pump 3 with the high-pressure grouting manifold 4 and the control valve 5, for self-vibration After the jet grouting anchor rod 1 is in place, the nut 107, the tray 106, and the grout stopper 105 need to be installed in advance, and then the self-vibrating jet grouting anchor rod 1 is passed through the connecting plug 203 and the anchor rod at the front end of the high-pressure rotary grouting mixer 2 The connection slot 109 at the rear end of the rod body 103 is connected to the high-pressure rotary mixer 2, and at the same time, the outlet of the jet nozzle 202 of the high-pressure rotary mixer 2 is just connected to the grouting interface 108 of the self-vibrating jet grouting anchor rod 1, forming a grouting joint. Slurry flow channel;

2. During construction, first start the hydraulic workstation 8 and the hydraulic motor 6, drive the rotation shaft 201 of the high-pressure rotary slurry mixer 2 to rotate, and drive the anchor rod body 103 of the self-vibrating jet grouting anchor rod 1 to rotate, and the rotation process of the anchor rod body 103 In the process, triggering the rotation of the front teeth of the vibration generator 102, the front teeth are turned and the rear teeth are rotated, and the impact is completed once in one rotation, and the impact is continued in a cycle, and the impact is transmitted to the drill bit 101 to complete the drilling of the drill hole 10 impact crushing of bottom rock;

3. Start the grouting pump 3 in good time, the slurry flows into the feed port 207 of the high-pressure rotary slurry mixer 2, and is transported to the front jet nozzle 202 to generate the first-stage high-speed jet, and then the slurry passes through the self-vibrating jet grouting anchor The grouting interface 108 of the rod 1 enters the anchor rod body 103, and is delivered to the jet grouting nozzle 1012 of the drill bit 101, and is sprayed out to form a second-stage high-speed, high-pressure grouting jet, which can not only assist in crushing during the drilling process The role of the rock at the bottom of the borehole 10 can make the high-speed, high-pressure slurry flow through the entire borehole 10 under the agitation of the spiral edge stirring plate 104, bond with the full length of the hole wall, and invade deep broken or fractured rock mass, and complete the injection simultaneously. The grout reinforcement process achieves the purpose of efficient drilling and grouting synchronous integrated construction.

Claims (4)

1. A self-vibrating jet grouting bolt integrated construction equipment is characterized in that: it is composed of a self-vibrating jet grouting bolt, a high-pressure rotary grout mixer, a grouting device, and a hydraulic drive device; the self-vibrating jet The grouting anchor rod is a hollow rod body with a helical stirring plate. The front end is equipped with a self-vibration generator composed of two rotating teeth at the front and rear, and is connected to the drill bit. The rear end is equipped with a grout stopper, a tray, a grout Slurry interface, nuts and connecting slots; the high-pressure rotary slurry mixer is provided with a feed inlet at the top, a rotating leg that can be lifted and rotated freely at the bottom, a jet nozzle at the front, and a There is a rotating shaft, and the front end of the rotating shaft is provided with a connecting plug, which is matched with the connecting slot of the self-vibrating jet grouting bolt, the rear end is provided with a bearing, and both ends are provided with a high-pressure sealing box. 2. The self-vibrating jet grouting-bolt integrated construction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the self-vibrating generator is composed of two front and rear rotating teeth with special-shaped cross-sections. 3. The integrated construction equipment for self-vibrating jet grouting and anchor rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: the jet nozzles are tapered and straight, and there are 3 to 6 nozzles arranged around the front end of the high-pressure rotary grout mixer. 4. The construction method of self-vibrating jet grouting and bolt integrated construction equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: firstly, the rotating legs are adjusted in place, and then the high-pressure rotary grouting mixer is connected to the hydraulic motor and hydraulic workstation, and connected to the grouting pump with high-pressure grouting manifold and control valve. The jet grouting anchor rod is connected to the high-pressure rotary grouting mixer through the connection plug at the front end of the high-pressure rotary grouting mixer and the connection slot at the rear end of the anchor rod body. At the same time, the jet nozzle outlet of the high-pressure rotary grouting The grouting interface of the anchor just docks to form a grouting flow channel; during construction, first start the hydraulic workstation and hydraulic motor to drive the rotating shaft of the high-pressure rotary grouting mixer to rotate, driving the self-vibrating jet grouting anchor body to rotate, and the anchor During the rotation of the rod body, the front teeth of the self-vibration generator are triggered to rotate, and the front teeth rotate after the front teeth are moved. The staggered movement and rotation completes one impact, and the impact continues in a cycle. The impact is transmitted to the drill bit, and the drilling is completed. The rock at the bottom of the hole is impacted and crushed. Finally, the grouting pump is started at the right time. The slurry flows into the feed port of the high-pressure rotary slurry mixer and is transported to the front jet nozzle to generate the first-stage high-speed jet. The slurry then passes through the self-vibrating jet. The grouting interface of the grouting bolt enters the bolt body, and is delivered to the jet grouting nozzle of the drill bit, which is sprayed out to form a second-stage high-speed, high-pressure cement slurry jet, which can not only assist in breaking the drill hole during the drilling process The effect of the rock at the bottom of the hole can make the high-speed and high-pressure slurry flow through the entire borehole under the agitation of the screw edge stirring blade, bond with the full length of the hole wall, form a bonding layer, and invade the deep broken or fractured rock mass, and complete the injection simultaneously. The grout reinforcement process realizes the simultaneous integrated construction of efficient drilling and grouting.