CN107466298A - 用于色谱的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及色谱领域。更贴切地说,本发明涉及用于纯化血浆蛋白(例如VIII因子、血管性血友病因子和IX因子)的色谱方法。所述色谱方法在包含内部多孔芯和围绕所述芯的外部多孔盖的基质上进行。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及色谱领域。更贴切说,本发明涉及用于纯化血浆蛋白(例如VIII因子、血管性血友病因子(von Willebrand factor)和IX因子)的色谱方法。所述色谱方法在包含内部多孔芯和围绕所述芯的外部多孔盖的基质上进行。
发明背景
血液包含不同类型的细胞和分子,这些细胞和分子对于重要的身体功能是必需的,因此被收集用于治疗目的,例如用于输血。然而,可以从血液分离并制备不同的级分,例如血液红细胞或无细胞血浆,这使得能够对医学病症进行更有针对性的治疗处理。血浆中的若干蛋白也可以被进一步分离并用于特异性治疗处理,例如白蛋白用于恢复血液体积,免疫球蛋白用于免疫缺陷,凝血因子用于凝血障碍。
血浆包含不同功能、不同大小、不同量等的蛋白,因此对于不同血浆蛋白的纯化有不同的方法。纯化方法通常设计为从一个单一的血浆原料池获得若干目标蛋白。所述方法通常涉及沉淀或色谱步骤或其组合。色谱法通常用于提高目标蛋白的纯度并降低有害副作用的风险。许多血浆蛋白表现出非常有效的活性,如果作为污染物存在,在给予患者时即使在非常低的水平下它们也会导致不良反应。
收集的人血浆被冷冻储存,血浆蛋白纯化方法中的初始步骤是解冻和汇集血浆。当在低温(通常为1-6℃)下解冻时,某些血浆蛋白发生沉淀并可以例如通过离心收集。收集的沉淀物称为冷沉淀物且可用作凝血因子VIII(FVIII)和血管性血友病因子(vWF)的来源。血浆中的大部分FVIII作为与大vWF多聚体的复合物存在,因此这两种蛋白通常被共同纯化。去除冷沉淀物后的剩余液体通常被称为冷贫化血浆或冷上清液,并且其可以用作例如白蛋白、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、凝血因子IX(FIX)的来源。
许多血浆蛋白的纯化可能是挑战性的。这可能取决于少量具有不期望但有效活性的污染物的存在,或者蛋白有时失去其活性或获得不需要的活性。例如,FVIII容易失去活性,用于纯化的已知方法在许多方面不令人满意。因此,需要可以在蛋白保持其活性的条件下操作的改进方法,以便以良好的产率获得血浆产物。
发明概述
本发明提供用于纯化血浆蛋白(特别是用于人血浆应用的血浆蛋白)的色谱材料和方法。色谱材料能够基于不同原理进行分离,例如尺寸和结合/洗脱。本发明的方法特别适用于包含受治疗关注的大蛋白(例如FVIII/vWF)和较小蛋白质(HAS、IgG、FIX)二者的血浆样品的纯化。
因此,本发明提供一种用于从血浆纯化治疗性蛋白的色谱方法,包括以下步骤:将血浆加载在填充有包含具有内部多孔芯和外部多孔壳的多孔壳珠粒的树脂的色谱柱上,其中所述内部芯提供有阴离子交换配体,并且所述壳是失活的(即未提供有任何配体),并且其中所述盖和芯的孔隙率不允许大于500kD的分子例如FIII/vWF进入;将IX因子(FIX)吸附在芯中的阴离子交换配体上;收集流通物中的分离的血浆蛋白;并从芯中的配体洗脱FIX。色谱法中运行和洗脱缓冲液的调整在本领域技术人员的知识范围内,其实例在下面的实验部分中描述。
阴离子交换配体可以是任何阴离子交换配体,但优选选自二乙基氨基乙基(DEAE)、季型氨基乙基(QAE)或季铵(Q),最优选阴离子交换配体是Q-配体。
在一个优选实施方案中,除了FIX之外还将其它血浆蛋白通过芯和壳的筛选作用彼此分离而收集在流通物中,并且包含VIII因子(FVIII)和血管性血友病因子(vWF)、IgG、人血清白蛋白(HSA)和补体C3。参见下图1B中的色谱图,该图描述了峰A、B和C。
在一个替代的实施方案中,血浆的加载重复1-20次、优选5-10次,随后在将FIX从芯中的配体洗脱之前,运行缓冲液以获得相应数目的流通物(FT's)。每次加载之后运行约1柱体积的缓冲液并且获得作为加载数的相应的FT数。这在下图1A-1B中更详细地描述。
在该替代实施方案中,汇集相应FT的特定级分以分别获得FVII/vWF、IgG/HSA和C3。因此,在一个且相同的色谱柱上,获得针对FVIII/vWF、IgG/HAS、C3和FIX的分离的血浆级分。
优选地,总壳珠粒(即壳+芯)厚度为直径40-100µm,盖厚优选为2-10μm。芯中的配体浓度优选为50-200μmol/ml。
在另一个实施方案中,壳提供有亲和配体、疏水相互作用配体、IMAC配体、阳离子交换配体或多模配体(或者依赖于非阴离子交换配体的另一种分离原理的任何配体);且其它非FIX血浆蛋白(如FVIII/Vwf、IgG、HAS、C3)在与FIX吸附在芯中的配体上的同一步骤中吸附在壳中的配体上;并且其中血浆蛋白从壳中的配体(FVIII/vWF和/或IgG、HAS、C3,取决于所选择的配体类型)和芯中的配体(FIX)依次洗脱。
优选地,壳中的配体是具有免疫球蛋白亲和力的配体,例如蛋白A或G或其本领域已知的变体。
用于本发明方法中的多孔材料优选是筛选材料,例如通常用于色谱的凝胶过滤材料。内部芯中的多孔材料可以具有与盖中的多孔材料相同或不同的孔隙率。多孔材料衍生自合成聚合物材料,例如苯乙烯或苯乙烯衍生物、二乙烯基苯、丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、乙烯基酯和乙烯基酰胺,或衍生自天然聚合物材料,例如选自琼脂糖、琼脂、纤维素、葡聚糖、壳聚糖、魔芋、角叉菜胶、结冷胶和藻酸盐的糖类。优选的多孔材料是琼脂糖。
壳和芯可以由相同孔隙率的琼脂糖制成,但它们也可以由不同的孔隙率的琼脂糖制成。
在第二方面,本发明涉及从上述方法获得的血浆蛋白用于治疗的用途。例如白蛋白用于恢复血体积,免疫球蛋白用于免疫缺陷,凝血因子用于凝血障碍。
预期血浆蛋白特别是FIX可无需进一步纯化去除污染物而用于治疗,但需要调整生物相容性等。
附图简述
图1A:施加于原型99柱的血浆的色谱图。数字1-6 =来自6次样品施用的流通物(FT)峰;E =洗脱峰;CIP =原位清洁。
吸光度280 nm-实线;电导率-点线;pH-短划线。
图1B:根据图1A的施加于原型99柱的血浆的色谱图的局部放大,显示最终(第6次)样品施加和洗脱。6 =来自第六次样品施加的流通物峰;A =大分子,例如FVIII/vWF;B=较小的分子,例如白蛋白、IgG;C=部分保留的材料;E =洗脱的分子,例如FIX。
吸光度280 nm-实线;电导率-点线;pH-短划线。
发明详述
现在将结合一些非限制性实施例和附图来更详细地描述本发明。
实施例1:原型的合成
通述
基质体积是指沉降床体积,且以克为单位的基质重量是指抽吸干重。对于大规模的反应,搅拌是指悬着的电机驱动的搅拌器,原因是使用磁力棒搅拌器促进损坏珠粒。使用常规方法分析功能性和确定烯丙基化程度或珠粒上配体含量的程度。
载体颗粒
所使用的载体颗粒是高度交联的琼脂糖珠粒,该琼脂糖珠粒按照美国专利6,602,990中描述的方法制备,该专利的全部内容通过引用并入本文。珠粒具有88微米的体积加权平均直径(D50,v)和孔径分布使得Mw为110kDa的葡聚糖分子可到达69%的孔体积。这也可以表示为使得当根据在"Handbook of Process Chromatography, A Guide toOptimization, Scale-Up and validation" (1997) Academic Press, San Diego. GailSofer & Lars Hagel编辑,ISBN 0-12-654266-X,第368页中描述的方法测定时在该珠粒上110kDa葡聚糖的Kd为0.69。
烯丙基化(原型76)
用6倍凝胶体积(GV)的蒸馏水洗涤250mL(g)载体颗粒,然后用3倍凝胶体积的50%NaOH洗涤。然后将凝胶吸干,并转移到2L圆底烧瓶中。加入485mL 50%NaOH,施加机械螺旋桨搅拌,将烧瓶浸入50℃的水浴中。30分钟后,加入80mL烯丙基缩水甘油基醚(AGE)。反应进行18.5小时。用1倍凝胶体积的蒸馏水、3倍凝胶体积的乙醇且然后用8倍凝胶体积的蒸馏水洗涤凝胶。
通过滴定测定烯丙基含量,为276μmol/mL。
原型99
部分溴化和壳失活
将171.8g烯丙基化的凝胶浆料(原型76)转移到玻璃过滤器(por. 2)中并吸干。将干燥的凝胶转移到装有机械搅拌器的1000mL圆底烧瓶中。加入571g蒸馏水,悬浮液在300rpm下搅拌。在1.5分钟内加入83.7g 1.6%的溴溶液。添加后,悬浮液仍然是白色的。反应在室温下进行15分钟。将圆底烧瓶浸入浴中,当温度达到50℃时,加入52g 50% NaOH。使反应静置17小时。将反应物转移到玻璃过滤器(por. 2)中,并用蒸馏水洗涤(10 x 1 GV)。通过滴定测量剩余的烯丙基含量,为216μmol/ mL。这对应于3.5μm的理论壳厚度。
芯溴化和Q偶联
将41.5mL(g)来自上述的部分烯丙基化的基础基质转移排放到装有机械搅拌器的250mL圆底烧瓶中。加入10.37g蒸馏水和1.66g乙酸钠。搅拌数分钟后,用移液管加入0.66mL溴,反应在300rpm下再搅拌20分钟。通过加入4.15mL 40%的甲酸钠溶液消耗过量的溴。反应无色。15分钟后,加入8.30mL氯化三甲基铵(TMAC),加入50%NaOH将pH调节至11-11.5。将反应在250rpm、30℃下搅拌18小时。通过加入60%乙酸将反应中和至pH 5-7,然后转移至玻璃过滤器(por. 3)。凝胶用蒸馏水(10 x 1 GV)、然后用20% EtOH(2 x 1 GV)洗涤。离子交换基团的滴定得到了125μmol/ml的Q配体密度。
表1显示了原型99中的盖厚度、配体类型和浓度。
实施例2:原型99上血浆的色谱
样品
样品为人血浆。将冷冻的人血浆解冻并通过棉花过滤,并施用到柱上。
缓冲液和运行条件
柱:具有原型99的Tricorn 10/300,床高28.6 cm,柱体积(CV) 22.5 mL。
色谱:样品体积6 x 5.2 mL(6 x 0.23 CV)。流速50cm/h(0.65mL/min)。
运行缓冲液:20mM柠檬酸钠,0.15M NaCl,2.6Mm CaCl2,pH 7.0。
洗脱缓冲液:20mM柠檬酸钠,0.5M NaCl,2.6mM CaCl2,pH 7.0。
现场清洗(CIP):0.5M NaOH。
在第一次样品施用之前,用运行缓冲液使柱平衡。将0.23 CV血浆、随后是1.8CV运行缓冲液施加到柱上。该过程(施加0.23 CV血浆、随后是1.8CV运行缓冲液)重复5次,总共是6次血浆样品施用。在最终的1.8CV运行缓冲液之后,用1.5CV高盐洗脱缓冲液洗脱柱。然后通过施用1.5CV 0.5M NaOH对柱进行CIP。最后,通过4CV运行缓冲液重新平衡柱。
分析
分析选择的级分的FVIII活性(Chromogenix Coamatic Factor VIII试剂盒)、vWF(Technozym vWF:Ag ELISA试剂)、FIX (ROX Factor IX试剂盒),且该分析通过SDS PAGE和液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)进行。
原型99填充在Tricorn 10/300柱中。床高为28.6 cm (CV 22.5 mL),流速为50cm/h,以确保尺寸依赖性群组分离(group separation)。试验由6次血浆样品施用(6 x0.23 CV)组成,导致6次群组分离,以及一次最终的从芯中的Q配体的高盐洗脱。汇集来自6次群组分离的级分,从而获得一个具有非常大分子的汇集级分A、一个具有较小蛋白的汇集级分B和一个具有略微保留的较小蛋白的汇集级分C。高盐洗脱导致一个洗脱级分E。分析所有级分的FVIII、vWF和FIX。色谱图如图1A所示,局部放大示于图1B中。
分析结果和产率计算参见下表2。级分A汇集物中FVIII和vWF的产率分别为37%和40%。级分B和C汇集物的FVIII和vWF活性低于定量水平。洗脱级分E包含22%的FVIII活性和13%的vWF活性。这表明大部分大FVIII/vWF复合物不进入珠粒,而是在流通物中通过,与级分B中的较小分子例如白蛋白和IgG分离,在这些条件下级分B中的较小分子进入珠粒但不与芯中的Q配体结合。SDS PAGE和LC-MS显示白蛋白和IgG是级分B中的主要蛋白。LS-MC表明级分C中的主要成分为C3和白蛋白。然而,一些FVIII/vWF复合物进入孔中并与Q配体结合,这可能取决于FVIII/vWF复合物变化的大小和低流速。级分E由用高盐洗脱的分子组成,它是唯一具有FIX活性的级分,产率为91%。这表明较小的FIX分子进入色谱珠粒并与芯中的Q配体结合。这证明通过使用具有失活盖和含配体芯的色谱介质,可以分离大(FVIII/vWF)和小(FIX)血浆蛋白,这两者都与芯配体结合,原因是大蛋白收集在流通物中,较小的分子可通过洗脱收集。
表2:原型99上的血浆。FVIII、vWF和FIX活性。级分参见图1A和B。X =未测量。LOQ =定量水平(FVIII: 8 mU/mL, vWF: 0.10 U/mL, FIX: 30 mU/mL)。
Claims (14)
1.一种用于从血浆纯化治疗性蛋白的色谱方法,包括以下步骤:将血浆加载在填充有包含具有内部多孔芯和外部多孔盖的多孔盖珠粒的树脂的色谱柱上,其中所述内部芯提供有阴离子交换配体,并且其中所述盖和芯的孔隙率不允许大于500kD的分子进入;将IX因子(FIX)吸附在芯中的阴离子交换配体上;收集流通物中的分离的血浆蛋白;并从芯中的配体洗脱FIX。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中所述阴离子交换配体选自二乙基氨基乙基(DEAE)、季型氨基乙基(QAE)或季铵(Q)。
3.根据权利要求2的方法,其中所述阴离子交换配体是Q-配体。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3的方法,其中除了FIX之外还有其它血浆蛋白通过芯和壳的筛选作用彼此分离被收集在流通物中,并且包含VIII因子(FVIII)和血管性血友病因子(vWF)、IgG、人血清白蛋白(HSA)和补体C3。
5.根据上述权利要求中一项或多项的方法,其中血浆的加载重复1-20次、优选5-10次,随后在将FIX从芯中的配体洗脱之前,运行缓冲液以获得相应数目的流通物(FT's)。
6.根据权利要求5的方法,其中汇集相应FT的特定组分以分别获得FVII/vWF、IgG/HSA和C3。
7.根据上述权利要求中一项或多项的方法,其中总盖珠粒厚度为直径40-100μm,盖厚度为2-10μm。
8.根据上述权利要求中一项或多项的方法,其中所述芯中的配体浓度为50-200μmol/ml。
9.根据上述权利要求中一项或多项的方法,其中所述盖提供有亲和配体、疏水相互作用配体、IMAC配体、阳离子交换配体或多模配体;且其它非FIX的血浆蛋白如FVIII/Vwf、IgG、HAS、C3在与FIX吸附在芯中的配体上的同一步骤中吸附在盖中的配体上;并且其中血浆蛋白依次从盖中的配体洗脱且Fix从芯中的配体洗脱。
10.根据权利要求9的方法,其中所述盖中的配体是具有免疫球蛋白亲和力的配体,例如蛋白A或G或其变体。
11.根据上述权利要求中一项或多项的方法,其中所述盖和芯由具有相同孔隙率的琼脂糖制成。
12.根据上述权利要求1-10中的一项或多项的方法,其中所述盖的孔隙率大于所述芯的孔隙率。
13.根据前述权利要求1-10中的一项或多项的方法,其中所述盖的孔隙率小于所述芯的孔隙率。
14.由权利要求1-13中一项或多项的方法获得的血浆蛋白用于治疗的用途。
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| CN111818980A (zh) * | 2018-03-08 | 2020-10-23 | 生物辐射实验室股份有限公司 | 阴离子交换-疏水混合模式色谱树脂 |
| CN113795507A (zh) * | 2019-05-10 | 2021-12-14 | 思拓凡生物工艺研发有限公司 | 纯化血浆蛋白的方法 |
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| WO2019083319A2 (ko) * | 2017-10-27 | 2019-05-02 | 주식회사 녹십자홀딩스 | 본 빌리브란트 인자(vwf)의 함량 조절이 가능한 제8인자 및 본 빌리브란트 인자를 포함하는 조성물의 제조방법 |
| JP7717627B2 (ja) | 2019-09-05 | 2025-08-04 | バイオ-ラッド・ラボラトリーズ・インコーポレーテッド | アニオン交換-疎水性混合モードクロマトグラフィー樹脂 |
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| EP3280508A1 (en) | 2018-02-14 |
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| US20180127460A1 (en) | 2018-05-10 |
| ES2942326T3 (es) | 2023-05-31 |
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| JP6797416B2 (ja) | 2020-12-09 |
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