CN107457404A - A kind of increasing material suitable for complicated part and mould shapes method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of increasing material suitable for complicated part and mould to shape method, comprises the following steps：The CAD geometrical models of part or mould are established, extract STL models, to preset lift height by STL model partitions as multiple layers；Multiple layers of inside and outside contour point is extracted respectively to form inside and outside contour track, based on inside and outside contour Track Pick-up and the corresponding NC instruction of each layer processing；From processing object of the plate that thickness is each lift height as each layer, each laminate material is cut according to each layer corresponding NC instruction of processing by cutter device；Each layer is subjected to lamination accumulation according to ordering and obtains just base or first briquet, lamination often accumulates precise positioning of one layer of progress when accumulating, first base is carried out into diffusion in vacuum connection afterwards or first briquet is first carried out to diffusion in vacuum connection stacked again finally to carry out diffusion in vacuum connection again.The present invention has the advantages that shaping efficiency is high, formed precision is high, the cost of material is low, forming stability is good.

Description

An Additive Machining Forming Method for Complex Parts and Molds

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of additive forming, and more specifically relates to an additive processing forming method suitable for complex parts and molds.

Background technique

Additive Manufacturing (AM, also known as 3D printing, rapid prototyping) technology originated in the late 1980s. Due to its unique principle and technological advantages, it has been verified from plastics, From the rapid prototyping technology of non-metallic prototypes such as paraffin and paper, to the rapid manufacturing technology of directly or indirectly preparing various molds, and then to the current rapid manufacturing technology of metal parts or molds, AM technology has achieved rapid development and practical application. The existing metal additive manufacturing methods mainly include fusion additive forming methods based on high-energy beams to melt powder and wire, and solid-state additive forming methods based on other energies.

Melting additive forming methods mainly include laser rapid prototyping technologies, such as selective laser melting (Selective Laser Melting, SLM), direct metal laser sintering (Direct Metal Laser Sintering, DMLS) and laser near-shape manufacturing (Laser Engineering NetShaping, LENS); Beam rapid prototyping technology, such as electron beam melting (Electron Beam Melting, EBM) and electron beam solid free forming (Electron Beam Freeform Fabrication, EBFF); plasma deposition rapid prototyping technology, such as plasma deposition direct manufacturing (Plasma Powder Deposition Manufacturing, PPDM) ; Arc deposition rapid prototyping technology, such as arc manufacturing technology (Arc Rapid Prototyping Manufacturing, ARPM). Different fusion additive methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. For example, laser rapid prototyping technology, because all materials have to undergo a solid-liquid-solid phase transition process, resulting in large volume changes, large residual stress and deformation, and the need for high-power laser equipment, cost Higher, low deposition efficiency; electron beam rapid prototyping technology, due to the large impact of electron beams on powder, is not conducive to forming, and the forming process must be carried out in a vacuum chamber, which has high requirements for hardware and high operating costs; laser beam, plasma The parts formed by the beam and arc are not supported, and the complexity is limited; in addition, due to the low manufacturing accuracy and arc radiation, the scope of its industrial application is limited. The solid-state additive forming method mainly includes the "Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing (UAM)" method developed by Fabrisonic in Germany. This method uses ultrasonic vibration energy to rub two surfaces to be connected to form an additive manufacturing process of intermolecular fusion. Although it has the advantages of small deformation and high precision, it still has the following problems: when the prepared parts need to meet the high-precision requirements, in addition to the ultrasonic forming device, it is also necessary to set up a three-axis CNC milling machine to process the parts after ultrasonic additive forming. Machining increases equipment weight, manufacturing cycle and cost. At present, this method can only be used for additive forming of low-melting point metals.

In the existing rapid prototyping method for metal laminated solid manufacturing, the sheet material larger than the maximum size of the part is laid out as a whole, and then most of the waste materials are removed by a laser cutting system. The contact area of the material is large, resulting in a small resistance welding current power density, a small weldable thickness, and low quality. And the application publication number CN103350321A, the patent literature published on October 16, 2013 discloses a method for additive manufacturing of metal parts based on contour features, although the method adopts the idea of layering to carry out layered slices on the model of metal parts However, there are still the following problems: this method controls the feeding track of the sheet through the control command, the sheet is fed in layers, and the superposition welding of each layer of the part is mechanically completed, and it can only control the feeding path of the sheet , but cannot accurately process the inner and outer contours of each layer of sheet metal, the machining accuracy is low, and the forming quality of the parts is poor, so it is not suitable for the forming of parts with complex inner and outer contours. CN104827155A discloses a solid-solution composite additive forming method suitable for complex parts. The method adopts a layered method to process each layer layer by layer, and realizes the bonding of each layer through solder, and then heats to realize solid-solution composite welding forming to complete The additive forming of complex parts has the advantages of high forming efficiency and high material utilization rate, but further research shows that it still has the following disadvantages: First, the connection between every two layers of parts is realized by solder, and the bonding reliability is not high , the stability of the bonding process of the final parts is not good; the second is to realize the bonding of each layer through solder, and the materials such as solder are mixed, so that the overall mechanical properties of the parts are reduced, the strength and toughness are reduced, and defects such as tiny cracks and pores increase; third, solder must be added through a certain device when each two layers of sheets are bonded separately. The layered plates are cut according to the outline, stacked and formed, and then solid-solution compounded, which has not been automated; fifth, the whole process is not divided into blocks, but only stacked in layers, which is not suitable for some complex parts with diverse materials.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and/or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides an additive processing forming method suitable for complex parts and molds, wherein according to the internal and external contour characteristics of the complex parts or the mold itself, layering is adopted to gradually The precise processing of the inner and outer contours of the sheet is completed layer by layer, and it is especially possible to perform stacking of each layer after the precise processing, and then position layer by layer, and finally complete the diffusion connection of each layer of sheet material in the form of overall diffusion connection, and the corresponding It can realize the processing and molding of parts and molds with complex internal and external contours, and can overcome the defects of poor process stability, mechanical performance decline and cumbersome process of the overall parts prepared by the existing forming process, and has high forming precision, high forming efficiency and low material cost. Low, high molding strength, good molding process stability and other advantages.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a method of additive processing suitable for complex parts and molds, which includes the following steps:

(1) Modeling and layering: establish the CAD geometric model of the part or mold to be processed, and extract the STL model of the part or mold, and divide the STL model into multiple layers with a preset layer thickness;

(2) Extract layered contours: extract the inner and outer contour points of the plurality of layers respectively to form inner and outer contour trajectories, and then generate numerical control instructions corresponding to each layer of processing based on the inner and outer contour trajectories;

(3) Layer-by-layer processing: Select the sheet material with the thickness of each layer as the processing object of each layer, and use the cutting device to generate the numerical control instructions corresponding to the processing of each layer according to the step (2), and separately process each independent processing object Each layer of sheet metal is cut to complete the independent processing of each layer with inner and outer contours;

(4) Stacking and positioning: Stack the layers processed in layers according to their arrangement order to obtain the blank with the inner and outer contours of the parts to be processed or the mold, or the layers processed in layers Carry out stacking in the form of blocks according to their arrangement order to obtain a plurality of green blocks with the inner and outer contours of the parts to be processed or the mold, and carry out precise positioning for each stacked layer during the above stacking process;

(5) Overall diffusion connection: carry out overall vacuum diffusion connection of the preforms that have been precisely positioned as a whole, or perform vacuum diffusion connection on multiple preforms that have been precisely positioned, and then stack them one by one for overall vacuum diffusion connection In this way, the additive processing of complex parts or molds is completed.

As a further preference, each stacked layer in the step (4) is subjected to an overall resistance welding or ultrasonic welding along the upper surface of the layer, so as to realize pre-bonding with the upper layer.

As a further preference, the materials of each layer in the preform are the same or different; the materials of each layer in each of the preforms are the same or different, and the materials used for each preform are the same or different.

As a further preference, the layered thicknesses of the layers are the same or different.

As a further preference, the vacuum diffusion connection is specifically to carry out molecular diffusion among the sheets of each layer in a vacuum environment at high temperature and high pressure, so as to achieve the effect of integral connection.

As a further preference, the high temperature is 0.4-0.9 times the melting point of the material, and the high pressure is 0.2MPa-100MPa.

As a further preference, laser milling, mechanical milling, grinding or polishing are used to finish the preform or the complex parts or molds obtained by vacuum diffusion until the requirements of dimensional accuracy and surface accuracy are met.

Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention mainly has the following technical advantages:

1. In the present invention, each layer is independently processed and prepared based on the complex inner and outer contours of parts or molds with the idea of layering, and each layer is stacked on top of each other, and then positioned layer by layer. After the overall positioning is completed, diffusion connection is performed in an overall manner Compared with the parts and molds prepared in the existing way, the complex parts and molds prepared by the overall processing method of the present invention have greatly improved the overall process stability of the parts and molds, and the prepared parts and molds have more stable mechanical properties , not mixed with other materials, good strength and toughness, few defects such as tiny cracks and pores, which can overcome the problems of poor mechanical properties and process stability of parts and molds caused by solder, and cumbersome process engineering caused by separate solder treatment between sheets.

2. Especially for parts or molds of different materials or complex shapes, the present invention divides the whole part or mold into several pieces, and carries out diffusion connection forming in the form of piled up piece by piece, to complete composite materials or gradient materials, or parts with complex inner cavities Overall additive forming of parts and molds.

3. In the present invention, before the overall diffusion connection, the obtained accurate positioning is carried out between each two layers of resistance welding or ultrasonic welding for direct connection pretreatment, so that each layer is pre-bonded to obtain a blank with a certain process stability.

4. The method of the present invention is based on the principle of discrete/accumulated forming and layered forming, and according to the shape complexity and precision requirements of parts or molds and contour features, the precise processing of the contours of each layer of sheet material is realized, and each part or mold is completed layer by layer. The fine processing of the inner and outer contours of the layers, the layering of parts or molds to complete the stacking and diffusion connection forming, has the advantages of high forming precision, high forming efficiency, wide applicability, and low material cost.

5. The present invention is not only suitable for vacuum diffusion forming after on-line layer-by-layer accumulation forming under computer control, but also can be used for off-line, through various cutting equipment to cut each layer of plates according to the outline, then stacking and forming, then vacuum diffusion forming .

6. The present invention is close to solid forming. Parts or molds do not need to be supported during the forming process, and the forming of various parts and molds with complex shapes can be realized. The present invention forms complex parts by direct stacking and integral diffusion connection And molds, with the advantages of small deformation, stable formability, no arc radiation pollution, and good working conditions.

7. The process of the invention is simple, directly stacked and formed, and accurately positioned layer by layer, and finally the overall positioning is completed, and then the overall diffusion is carried out to connect, which reduces the time required for adding solder separately for each two layers, improves work efficiency, and is simple and simple at the same time , greatly saving cost; the invention is close to solid forming, and then positioned layer by layer to the overall positioning parts or molds, which can overcome the complex environment of microgravity, high vacuum, and easy instability in space, and can be used for space re-tracking to manufacture corresponding parts or molds .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 (a)-Fig. 1 (f) is the process schematic diagram that adopts the method for forming of the present invention to have complex hollow shape metal parts in the middle;

Fig. 2 (a)-Fig. 2 (g) is the process schematic diagram that adopts the method forming of the present invention to have complex hollow shape metal mold in the middle;

Fig. 3(a)-Fig. 3(b) are schematic diagrams of defects of metal parts with complex hollow shapes in the middle prepared by existing methods.

detailed description

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute a conflict with each other.

The present invention considers that complex-shaped parts or internal structures of molds are difficult to machine, and requires high process stability of parts and molds. By stacking and positioning the processed layers layer by layer according to their arrangement order, and then The overall vacuum diffusion treatment is performed on the stacked and positioned preforms, that is, layer-by-layer positioning is achieved during the layer-by-layer stacking process, and then the entire parts or molds after precise positioning are connected in a holistic manner by vacuum diffusion, so that each Molecular diffusion between the layers achieves the effect of integral connection of parts or molds. The connection stability is very high, and it can be completely diffused and fused. It can produce parts and molds with complex internal and external contours with good strength and toughness, and few defects such as micro cracks and pores. In the present invention, the plates of each layer are in direct contact without adding other adhesive materials, and the molecular diffusion between the layers is made through the diffusion treatment, so that the layers of the whole part are stably connected, and the effect of the overall diffusion connection is achieved.

An embodiment of the present invention provides an additive processing forming method suitable for complex parts and molds, which includes the following steps:

(1) Modeling and layering: establish the CAD geometric model of the part or mold to be processed, and extract the STL model of the part or mold based on the CAD geometric model, divide the STL model into multiple layers with a preset layer thickness, The layered thickness of each layer can be the same or different, which is determined by the processing technology requirements of parts or molds, and the operator can make reasonable selection and division according to needs;

(2) Extract layered contours: extract the inner and outer contour points of multiple layers respectively to form inner and outer contour trajectories, and then generate NC instructions corresponding to the processing of each layer based on the inner and outer contour trajectories;

(3) Layer-by-layer processing and stacking: select the sheet material with the thickness of each layer as the processing object of each layer, and use the CNC instructions corresponding to the processing of each layer generated by the cutting device according to step (2), respectively. Each layer of sheet material as an independent processing object is cut to complete the independent processing of each layer with inner and outer contours, and the sheets selected for each layer are the same or different;

(4) Stacking and positioning:

The layers processed by layering are stacked according to their arrangement order to obtain the blank with the inner and outer contours of the parts to be processed or the mold. During the stacking process, each layer is precisely positioned, that is, all layers Stack and position sequentially in sequence, and finally complete the stacking and positioning of all layers to obtain a blank with the inner and outer contours of the part to be processed or the mold, which is the part or mold to be prepared;

Or for parts or molds that have complex inner cavities and are difficult to process later, they are stacked in the form of blocks. Also in the stacking process, each stacked layer is accurately positioned, that is, the parts or molds are divided into multiple parts. Blocks are stacked by blocks, and the parts combined by multiple blocks are the parts or molds that need to be prepared. Positioning is performed to form the lower part of the part, and the layers in the upper piece are stacked in sequence according to their arrangement order and positioned in turn to form the upper part of the part, so as to complete the two pieces with the inner and outer contours of the part to be processed The accumulation and positioning of the primary blocks;

(5) Overall diffusion connection:

The preforms that have been precisely positioned are connected as a whole by vacuum diffusion, and in this way, the additive processing of complex parts or molds is completed;

Or for parts with complex inner cavities that are difficult to process later, multiple precisely positioned primary blocks are first divided into blocks for vacuum diffusion connection and then stacked block by block for overall vacuum diffusion connection, that is, multiple precisely positioned primary blocks The blanks are connected by vacuum diffusion first, and then the blocks are stacked on each other in sequence and then connected by vacuum diffusion as a whole. In this way, the additive processing of complex parts or molds is completed. Due to the complex cavity of parts or molds, it is difficult to process later. , after the vacuum diffusion connection of each green block is completed, the complex inner cavity block can be processed first, such as laser milling, mechanical milling, grinding or polishing, and then stacked and connected by vacuum diffusion as a whole

In order to further improve the process stability and applicability of the overall diffusion welding, each stacked layer in the step (4) carries out an overall resistance welding or ultrasonic welding along the upper surface of the layer, that is, the welding head connects the entire upper surface of the current layer The surface is swept once to make the lower surface of the current layer and the upper surface of the previous layer completely fit, so as to realize the pre-combination between the two layers.

For precise positioning, it can be positioned by any device or method in the prior art that can achieve precise positioning. The present invention is not limited and all within the scope of protection. For example, a positioning device with multiple positioning rods can be used. Positioning: (1.1) First, use multiple positioning rods to position the stacked current layer. The multiple positioning rods are distributed outside the current layer of sheet material and adhere to the outer surface of the sheet material; (1.2) and then The next layer is stacked on top of one layer, and after stacking, multiple positioning rods are raised to position all the stacked layers. Accurate positioning is achieved, so that there is no relative displacement between the stacked layers of sheets; (1.3) Repeat step (1.2) until the stacking of all layers is completed, and the overall blank obtained after stacking is accurately positioned. That is, the first layer is stacked on the positioning device, and then positioned with the positioning rod 1; then the second layer is stacked on the positioned first layer, and then the positioning rod is raised to position the stacked first layer and the second layer; Continue to stack the third layer on the second layer that has been positioned, and then the positioning rod rises to position the first, second, and third layers that have been stacked, so that the stacking and positioning are repeated until the last layer is stacked, and Make the positioning rod rise to realize the positioning of all the layers that have been stacked, so that when all the layers are stacked, the overall positioning of the blank is realized, which is convenient for the subsequent overall diffusion connection, ensures the relative position between each layer, and then ensures the entire part. overall accuracy. The foregoing content is only an exemplary description of the positioning manner, and does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

Specifically, the vacuum diffusion connection is to make the preforms that have been positioned accurately as a whole carry out molecular diffusion between the sheets in a vacuum environment by means of high temperature and high pressure, so as to achieve the effect of integral connection of parts. Specifically, high temperature means that the temperature is 0.4-0.9 times the melting point of the material, and the high pressure is 0.2MPa-100MPa.

In addition, laser milling, mechanical milling, grinding or polishing can be used to finish the complex parts or molds obtained from the final shape until their dimensional accuracy and surface accuracy requirements are met.

The following are embodiments of the present invention:

Example 1

In this embodiment, the method of the present invention is further described by taking a metal part with a complex shape in the middle and two ends not closed as an example, which includes the following steps:

(1) Referring to Figure 1(a), the CAD geometric model of the part is established according to the three-dimensional shape and size of the target part, the STL model of the part is extracted, and the layer thickness is selected according to the actual shape and size of the part. In the actual operation process, the The layer thickness can be selected according to the actual needs. According to the shape and complexity of the part, the layer thickness of each layer can be the same or different, and the material can be the same or different. It is determined by the processing technology requirements of the part, and the operator can do it as needed. Reasonable selection and division, in the present embodiment, the layered thickness of each layer is selected to be 1.5mm; referring to Fig. 1 (b) according to the STL model and the layered thickness, the STL model is divided into 1.5 mm by the layered slicing software Divided into multiple layers with a thickness of 1.5mm, the material selected for each layer is determined by the process requirements of the part, and the same sheet material is selected for each layer in this embodiment;

(2) Extract the inner and outer contour points of the STL model of each layer, and then generate corresponding inner and outer contour trajectories based on these inner and outer contour points, and generate corresponding numerical control instructions for each layer of processing by the computer according to these contour trajectories;

(3) Select the same formed sheet material with a thickness of 1.5mm as the processing object of each layer, use the cutting device to generate the CNC instructions corresponding to the current layer processing according to step (2), and process the current layer along the contour track of the current layer. The layer is cut and processed, thereby realizing the processing of the inner and outer contours of the current layer, and at the same time using multiple positioning rods in the positioning device to perform multi-point positioning on the current layer, thereby realizing accurate positioning and trimming of the current layer, see Figure 1 for details (c);

(4) Repeat step (3), that is, cut the second layer, and stack the second layer on the first layer that has been positioned, and then the positioning rod rises to position the two layers that have been stacked, or place every two layers Perform resistance welding or ultrasonic welding direct connection pretreatment, see Figure 1(d) for details, and cycle in turn until the accurate overall stacking positioning or pretreatment of the entire part is completed, and a blank with a certain process stability is obtained, see Figure 1(e) for details );

(5) As shown in Figure 1(f), carry out vacuum diffusion compounding on the whole part obtained through step (4) and complete the molecular diffusion forming between each layer of sheet material in the whole part, and obtain the required conditions target part.

After the above overall diffusion connection, if the outer contour has some burrs left by the positioning device, it can be machined segment by segment at the same station to further improve the precision of the parts.

Example 2

In this embodiment, the method of the present invention is further described by taking a metal mold with a complex shape and closed ends in the middle as an example, which includes the following steps:

(1) Referring to Figure 2(a)-(b), the mold CAD geometric model is established according to the three-dimensional shape and size of the target mold, the STL model of the mold is extracted, and the layered thickness is selected according to the actual forming shape and size of the mold. During the process, the layer thickness can be selected according to the actual needs. According to the shape and complexity of the mold, the layer thickness of each layer can be the same or different, and the material can be the same or different, which is determined by the processing technology requirements of the mold. The operator Reasonable selection and division can be carried out according to needs, as shown in Figure 2 (c), the present embodiment is divided into blocks and then layered, and the mold is divided into upper and lower parts, wherein the thickness of each layer of the upper layer is 1.5mm, and the thickness of the lower layer is 1.5 mm. The thickness of each layer of a piece is 2.0mm, and the STL model is divided into multiple layers by the layered slicing software in units of 1.5mm and 2.0mm, and the materials selected for each layer are determined by the mold process requirements. Use one kind of sheet material such as aluminum alloy for the first layer, and use another kind of sheet material such as copper for each layer below;

(2) Extract the inner and outer contour points of the STL model of each layer, and then generate corresponding inner and outer contour trajectories based on these inner and outer contour points, and generate corresponding numerical control instructions for each layer of processing by the computer according to these contour trajectories;

(3) Select the aluminum alloy forming sheet with a thickness of 1.5mm as the processing object of each layer, use the cutting device to generate the numerical control instructions corresponding to the current layer processing according to the step (2), and follow the contour trajectory of the current layer respectively Carry out cutting processing on the current layer, thereby realizing the processing of the inner and outer contours of the current layer, and at the same time use multiple positioning rods in the positioning device to perform multi-point positioning on the current layer, thereby realizing accurate positioning and trimming of the current layer;

(4) Repeat step (3), that is, cut the second layer, and stack the second layer on the first layer that has been positioned, and then the positioning rod rises to position the two layers that have been stacked, or place every two layers Carry out resistance welding or ultrasonic welding direct connection pretreatment in between, and cycle in turn until the accurate overall stacking positioning or pretreatment of the upper primary block is completed, and the primary block 1 with certain process stability is obtained. See Figure 2(d) for details;

(5) Choose a formed sheet made of red copper with a thickness of 2.0mm as the processing object of each layer, use the cutting device to generate the CNC instructions corresponding to the current layer processing according to step (2), and process the current layer along the contour trajectory of the current layer. The current layer is cut, thereby realizing the processing of the inner and outer contours of the current layer, and at the same time using multiple positioning rods in the positioning device to perform multi-point positioning on the current layer, thereby realizing accurate positioning and trimming of the current layer;

(6) Repeat step (5), that is, cut the second layer, and stack the second layer on the first layer that has been positioned, and then the positioning rod rises to position the two layers that have been stacked, or place every two layers Carry out resistance welding or ultrasonic welding direct connection pretreatment in between, and cycle successively until the accurate overall stacking positioning or pretreatment of the following first green block is completed, and the first green block 2 with certain process stability is obtained, see Fig. 2 (e) for details;

(7) Carry out vacuum diffusion compounding of the two precisely positioned primary blocks obtained through steps (4) and (6) respectively, so that molecular diffusion is carried out between each layer of sheets in each primary block to realize connection, and vacuum diffusion The final two blanks are shown in Figure 2(f)-(g), and then the inner cavity of the two blanks after vacuum diffusion is finished, and then the two blanks are stacked on each other, and finally the overall vacuum is carried out. Diffusion, so that the sheet material between the two primary blocks undergoes molecular diffusion to obtain the required target mold that meets the conditions. The temperature of the overall vacuum diffusion is equal to 0.4-0.9 times that of the material with a lower melting point, and the pressure is between 0.2-100MPa .

After the above overall diffusion connection, if the outer contour has some burrs left by the positioning device, it can be machined segment by segment at the same station to further improve the precision of the mold.

Comparative example 3:

The method of adding solder between each two layers is used to form metal parts with complex shapes in the middle and high precision requirements for internal and external contours. When this method is used to form parts, the following problems will occur: 1) As shown in Figure 3(a), the resistance Soldering connects the materials, the overall process stability and integrity of the parts are not good, and local disfusion will occur; 2) As shown in Figure 3(b), each layer is realized by solder (A in Figure 3(b)) The bonding of the parts will reduce the overall mechanical properties of the parts, including the reduction of strength and toughness, and defects such as micro cracks and pores (B in Figure 3(b)); 3) Solder should be added when each layer of sheet metal is bonded separately , the whole process is cumbersome.

It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of increasing material suitable for complicated part and mould shapes method, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：

(1) modeling and layering：The CAD geometrical models of formation of parts or mould to be processed are established, and extract the STL of part or mould Model, using default lift height by the STL model partitions as multiple layers；

(2) extraction layering profile：The inside and outside contour point of the multiple layer is extracted respectively to form inside and outside contour track, is then based on The inside and outside contour Track Pick-up NC instruction corresponding with the processing of each layer；

(3) successively process：Processing object of the plate as each layer from thickness for each lift height, by cutter device according to The NC instruction corresponding with the processing of each layer of step (2) generation, each laminate material of each separately machined object is carried out respectively Cutting process, it is separately machined so as to each layer for completing there is inside and outside contour；

(4) lamination accumulation and positioning：Each layer processed will be layered according to the progress lamination accumulation of its ordering, to be had Need to be shaped the first base of part or mould inside and outside contour, or will be layered each layer for processing according to its ordering with The form of piecemeal carries out lamination accumulation, to obtain multiple just briquets with formation of parts to be processed or mould inside and outside contour, Precise positioning of one layer of progress is often accumulated during above-mentioned lamination accumulation；

(5) overall diffusion connection：The first base of precise positioning is carried out to overall vacuum diffusion connection in the form of overall, or by Multiple just briquets of precise positioning first carry out diffusion in vacuum connection respectively, and block-by-block stacks progress overall vacuum diffusion connection again, with this Mode, the increasing material for completing complex parts or mould shape.

2. shape method suitable for the increasing material of complicated part and mould as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described One layer is often accumulated in step (4) can carry out the weldering of overall electrical resistance or supersonic welding along the upper surface of this layer so that its with it is upper Pre- combine is realized between one layer.

3. a kind of increasing material suitable for complicated part and mould as claimed in claim 1 shapes method, it is characterised in that The material of each layer is identical or different in the just base；The material of each layer is identical or different in each just briquet, each just base Material used in block is identical or different.

4. a kind of increasing material suitable for complicated part and mould as claimed in claim 1 shapes method, it is characterised in that The lift height of each layer is identical or different.

5. the increasing material suitable for complicated part and mould as described in claim any one of 1-4 shapes method, its feature It is, the diffusion in vacuum connection is specially to make to carry out molecule expansion between each laminate material under vacuum conditions in a manner of HTHP Dissipate, reach the effect of integrated connection.

6. shape method suitable for the increasing material of complicated part and mould as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described High temperature is 0.4-0.9 times of material melting point, and the high pressure is 0.2MPa-100MPa.

7. the increasing material suitable for complicated part and mould as described in claim any one of 1-6 shapes method, its feature Be, the complex parts or mould obtained to the first briquet through diffusion in vacuum or final shaping using laser milling, mechanical milling, Grinding or polishing mode carry out finished machined until reaching the requirement of its dimensional accuracy and surface accuracy.