CN107382370A - Method, kit and hard surface for increasing coefficient of friction of hard surface - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for increasing the coefficient of friction of a hard surface with holes, a kit for carrying out the method and a treated hard surface. The method comprises applying a gel-capable liquid composition to the hard surface, whereby at least part of the liquid composition penetrates into at least part of the pores of the hard surface, wherein the gel-capable liquid composition comprises a gel-capable substance and optionally a dispersion medium; and gelling the liquid composition capable of gelling.

Description

Method, kit and hard surface for increasing coefficient of friction of hard surface

technical field

The invention relates to a method for increasing the coefficient of friction (COF, coefficient of friction) of a hard surface with holes, a kit for realizing the method and a treated hard surface.

Background technique

Hard surfaces such as floors, walls, countertops, etc. are often manufactured using porous materials including ceramic, stone and cement based materials. Hard surfaces formed from these materials tend to be mostly porous, which gives the hard surface a rough surface. These holes increase the coefficient of friction of hard surfaces, reducing the risk of slipping when they dry.

However, when the hard surface becomes wet and/or greasy, water and/or oil can seep into the pores and form a thin layer of water and/or oil covering the hard surface. As a result, the coefficient of friction of hard surfaces drops significantly, which increases the risk of slipping. Furthermore, since water and/or oil will seep into the pores, there is a risk that the hard surface will remain wet and/or greasy for a longer period of time. The risk of slipping is particularly high in kitchens and bathrooms, where hard surfaces such as floors tend to become wet and/or greasy.

Various methods are known in the art for increasing the coefficient of friction of hard surfaces. For example, in one approach, a non-slip coating can be applied to a hard surface. The coating may contain particles or fibers that roughen the hard surface to increase its coefficient of friction. Another way is to use a non-slip treatment. Typically a water-based liquid is used, which penetrates the capillary channels of the tile or stone and reacts with them to widen the channels. Small holes in these surfaces act as suction cups and effectively prevent slipping.

It is also known to use acidic formulations which can etch into hard surfaces to further form pores. When the surface becomes wet, the pore fills with liquid. When someone walks on the surface, a vacuum is created in the pocket, thus increasing the static friction of the floor when wet. However, the use of such acidic formulations may damage the hard surface and affect its appearance, and not all hard surfaces are suitable for this method.

Most importantly, none of the above methods can work when the hard surface is wet or greasy.

Contents of the invention

The present invention is carried out in view of the problems of the prior art described above, and its object is to provide a method for treating a hard surface to increase its coefficient of friction, a kit for realizing the method and a treated hard surface, wherein the method and reagent The cartridge may increase the coefficient of friction of hard surfaces, especially wet and/or greasy hard surfaces, to reduce the risk of slipping thereon.

The present inventors found that the above problems can be overcome by applying a gel-capable substance to a hard surface with holes and gelling the gel-capable substance, and completed the present invention.

More specifically, the present invention provides the following technical solutions. It should be understood that the technical solution provided by the present invention may only realize or solve at least one beneficial effect or technical problem described herein. It is not necessary to achieve all technical effects or solve all technical problems at the same time.

A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for increasing the coefficient of friction of a hard surface with pores, comprising: applying a gelable liquid composition to said hard surface, whereby at least part of said gelable A liquid composition penetrates into at least part of the pores of the hard surface, wherein the liquid composition capable of gelling may comprise a substance capable of gelling and an optional dispersion medium; and enabling the liquid composition capable of gelling gelling.

According to the inventors' studies, by using this method to form a gel on a hard surface, the coefficient of (static/dynamic) friction of porous hard surfaces can be increased, especially wet/greasy hard surfaces. Without being bound by any theory, it is believed that this is because the formed gel remains within and protrudes from at least some of the pores, the protruding gel protrusions roughening the hard surface increasing its coefficient of friction. Further, said gel is also advantageously capable of absorbing water and/or oil when said hard surface is wet and/or greasy.

In one embodiment, the time interval between the step of applying said gel-capable liquid composition and the step of gelling said gel-capable liquid composition is less than about 30 seconds.

In another embodiment, the gel-capable liquid composition may have a solids content of about 15 to about 50 wt%, about 30 to about 44 wt%, about 30 to about 35 wt%. In addition, the gel-capable substance may have an average particle diameter of about 5 to about 40 nm, about 12 to about 27 nm, about 12 to about 20 nm.

In one embodiment, the step of gelling the liquid gel-capable composition comprises applying to the hard surface a gelling agent capable of gelling the liquid gel-capable composition.

The liquid composition capable of gelling may include colloidal silica. In this case, the substance capable of gelling is silicon dioxide or concentrated silica sol, which may be mixed with a dispersion medium or diluted as required as a colloidal silica. The gelable liquid composition of the present invention is used. In addition, in one embodiment, the silica sol meeting the requirements of the present invention can also be directly used as the gel-capable liquid composition of the present invention without being diluted with a dispersion medium, and in this case, the gel-capable substance is silica. In one embodiment, the gel is silica gel, and the gelling agent is a pH regulator or a salt.

In one embodiment, the pH of the silica sol can be from about 1.5 to about 3; the gelling agent can be an alkaline solution, such as KOH and NaOH solutions. The pH of the silica sol can be about 8.5-about 11; the gelling agent can be an acidic solution, such as citric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid solution. Crosslinking can be initiated by changing the pH of the silica sol.

In addition, the above-mentioned salts may be at least one selected from potassium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate.

The weight ratio of the applied liquid composition capable of gelling to the gelling agent may range from about 10:1 to about 100:1 on a solids basis.

The liquid composition capable of gelling further includes at least one additive selected from essences, pigments, disinfectant components and surfactants.

More specifically, the methods of the present invention may include:

Applying silica sol to the hard surface whereby at least a portion of the silica sol penetrates into at least some of the pores of the hard surface, and applying an alkaline solution, an acidic solution, or a salt to the hard surface.

destabilizing by further applying the aforementioned substances to the applied silica sol, which crosslinks, gels into a silica gel which is held in at least part of the pores of the hard surface and protrudes from the pores as protrusions, Causes the absorption of water and/or oil on the hard surface and increases the coefficient of friction of the hard surface.

The hard surface can be a floor, wall or countertop. More specifically, the hard surface may comprise a surface of ceramic, stone or cement-based material. The pores of such hard surfaces generally have a pore size of about 100 to about 5000 nm.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a kit for treating a hard surface with holes to increase its coefficient of friction, comprising:

A first container comprising a gelable liquid composition comprising a gelable substance and optionally a dispersion medium; and

A second container comprising a gelling agent capable of gelling the gelable liquid composition.

The liquid composition capable of gelling may be silica sol, and the gelling agent is a pH regulator or a salt.

When applied to a hard surface, the liquid composition capable of gelling and the gelling agent are present in a weight ratio of from about 10:1 to about 100:1 on a solids basis.

The gel-capable liquid composition further includes at least one additive selected from essences, dyes, disinfectant ingredients and surfactants.

The kit also includes an application device for applying the liquid gel-capable composition. The kit may also include an application device for applying the gel.

Yet another aspect of the present invention provides a hard surface treated using said method or said kit, having: a hole in the surface; and out of the gel.

The treated hard surface has a coefficient of friction above 0.4.

While multiple embodiments are disclosed, other aspects and embodiments of the invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the following detailed description, which suggests and describes exemplary embodiments of the invention. Accordingly, the detailed description and drawings are illustrative rather than restrictive.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 schematically illustrates the mechanism of action of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a photograph showing when the composition of the present invention is cross-linked to form a gel.

Figure 3 shows floor tiles and a stopwatch used to measure samples according to the invention.

Figure 4 shows the appearance of the BOT 3000 friction and wear testing machine used to test the coefficient of friction.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing comparison of penetration times of various silica sols.

Figure 6 is a graph showing the effect of solids content on penetration time for compositions of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a graph showing the effect of the solids content of the compositions of the present invention on the coefficient of friction.

Figure 8 is a graph showing the effect of average particle size on penetration time for compositions of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a graph showing the effect of average particle size on the coefficient of friction of compositions used in the process of the present invention.

detailed description

Various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The various embodiments mentioned do not limit the scope of the invention. The drawings provided herein are not intended to limit the various embodiments according to the present invention, but to serve as an illustration of the present invention.

It should be noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," "an," "the," and "said" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to a composition containing "a compound" includes compositions having two or more compounds. It should also be noted that the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and/or" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

Throughout this disclosure, various aspects of this invention are presented in a range format. It should be understood that the description in range format is merely for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as an inflexible limitation on the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the description of a range should be considered to have specifically disclosed all the possible subranges as well as individual values within that range. For example, a description of a range such as from 1 to 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed subranges within that range such as 1 to 3, 1 to 4, 1 to 5, 2 to 4, 2 to 6, 3 to 6, etc. , and single numeric values such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Applies regardless of the width of the range.

As used herein, the term "about" refers to deviations in the numerical quantity that may occur, for example, due to typical real-world measurements and liquid handling procedures; due to inadvertent errors in these procedures; due to the methods used to manufacture the compositions or Differences in the manufacture, source or purity of the ingredients used to carry out the methods, etc. arise. The term "about" also encompasses amounts that vary due to different equilibrium conditions resulting from the composition of the particular initial mixture. Whether or not modified by the term "about," the claims include equivalents to that number.

As used herein, "weight percent", "wt%", "wt%", "percentage by weight", "% by weight" and their variations mean dividing the weight of the substance by the total weight of the composition and Multiply by 100 the calculated species concentration. It should be understood that "percentage", "%" and the like as used herein are intended to be synonymous with "weight percent", "wt%" and the like.

As used herein, the term "consisting essentially of" with reference to a composition means the listed ingredients and does not contain additional ingredients which, if present, would affect the properties of the composition. The term "consisting essentially of" may also refer to components of the composition. For example, a gel may consist essentially of two or more components, and the gel will not contain any other components that would affect the effectiveness of the gel, whether positive or negative. As used herein, the term "consisting essentially of" in reference to a method refers to the listed steps and does not contain additional steps (or ingredients, if the composition is involved in the method), which, if present, would affect the performance of the method. Effect.

The present invention generally relates to a method for increasing the coefficient of friction (COF) of a porous hard surface comprising: applying a gelable liquid composition to said hard surface whereby at least part of said gelable liquid composition penetrating a substance into at least some of the pores of the hard surface, wherein the gelable liquid composition comprises a gelable substance and optionally a dispersion medium; and gelling the gelable liquid composition. The gel produced at this point is retained in at least some of the pores of the hard surface and protrudes from the pores as protrusions.

According to the research of the present inventors, it is believed that, as shown in FIG. Retained in and protruding from at least some of the pores in continuous or discontinuous regions of the hard surface as protrusions roughen the hard surface to increase the coefficient of friction of the hard surface. Further, when the hard surface is wet or greasy, the gel can also advantageously absorb water and oil deposited on the hard surface, which also helps to increase the hard surface when the hard surface is wet and/or greasy. coefficient of friction. Since the gels formed according to the invention can absorb water and/or oil on hard surfaces, they are particularly suitable for use in areas that tend to become wet, greasy, such as bathrooms, kitchens, restaurants, hotels, etc. The method of the present invention can improve the condition of a hard surface and rapidly increase its coefficient of friction at a very fast rate (eg, less than one minute, further less than about 30 seconds, or even less than about 20 seconds). The "oil" described herein is not particularly limited, and is oily substances often encountered in kitchens, restaurants, bathrooms, etc., such as edible oil, sesame oil, salad oil, nail polish, and other various oily substances.

The gel-capable compositions used in the methods and kits of the invention can be gelled by various known methods, typically by using a gelling agent such as the gel The agent can gel the gel-capable liquid composition by acting to: destabilize the composition to initiate cross-linking, adjust its pH, cause further chemical/physical effects, etc. A particular gelling mechanism can be chosen by one skilled in the art depending on the nature of the composition capable of gelling.

In one embodiment, the time interval between the step of applying the gel-capable liquid composition and the step of gelling the gel-capable liquid composition is less than about 30 seconds, such that the gel-capable Substance penetrates well into most pores of hard surfaces. If the interval between two steps exceeds about 30 seconds, the processing becomes tedious and the waiting time becomes too long, making it difficult to provide a satisfactory processing experience. There is no particular limitation on the lower limit of the time interval, and it mainly depends on the time required for the substance capable of gelling to penetrate into the micropores of the hard surface, and the penetration time can be determined by the method described below. Generally speaking, this time interval should be greater than about 5 seconds. If the time interval is less than about 5 seconds, sometimes the substance capable of gelling cannot penetrate into the micropores sufficiently to produce sufficient gelation in the subsequent gelation step. gel, which may result in an unsatisfactory coefficient of friction improvement.

The gel-capable liquid composition may comprise a gel-capable substance and optionally a dispersion medium for dispersing the gel-capable substance.

In one embodiment, the liquid composition capable of gelation comprises silica sol, at this time, the substance capable of gelation can be silica or concentrated silica sol, which can be mixed, diluted with a dispersion medium as required Thereafter, it is used as the gelable liquid composition of the present invention. In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that when the substance capable of gelling includes silica sol, since the silica sol itself is in a dispersed state, further dispersion media are not necessarily necessary. At this time, as long as the silica sol satisfies the requirements of the present invention, the silica sol may also be directly used as the gelable liquid composition according to the present invention. Of course, the silica sol can also be used as a gelable liquid composition after being further dispersed in a dispersion medium. The dispersion medium is not particularly limited as long as it can keep silica in a colloidal state. A dispersing agent well known in the art can be used without particular limitation, such as water. Silica sol is a suspension of fine, amorphous particles (such as spherical particles) of nanoscale silicon dioxide, wherein the silicon dioxide is suspended in a liquid phase. In one embodiment, the gel-capable liquid composition comprises silica sol and further water, if desired. In one embodiment, the liquid composition capable of gelling is a silica sol.

The gel-capable substance may have an average particle diameter (in the case where the gel-capable substance is or comprises a silica sol, the average particle diameter of the silica contained therein) of about 5 to about 40 nm . If the particle size is smaller than this range, rapid infiltration can be obtained, but it may be difficult to form protrusions protruding from the hard surface, so the effect of improving the coefficient of friction may not be sufficient. If the particle size is larger than this range, the penetration into the pores of the hard surface becomes slow, and sometimes it is difficult to penetrate into the pores of the hard surface with a smaller pore size, resulting in reduced bonding strength between the formed protrusions and the pores of the hard surface, reducing friction Coefficient boosting effect. In one embodiment, the material capable of gelling has an average particle size of from about 12 to about 27 nm. By limiting the average particle diameter to this range, a short penetration time (less than 30 seconds) and a higher effect of improving the friction coefficient (about 0.4 or more) can be obtained. In one embodiment, the gel-capable substance has an average particle size of 12-20 nm. By having an average particle size in this range, a faster penetration time (less than 20 seconds) and a good balance of penetration time and resulting coefficient of friction can be obtained. The average particle size can be measured by a nitrogen adsorption method. First, the specific surface area is measured by the nitrogen adsorption method, and then the average particle size is calculated according to the formula for the specific surface area of a sphere.

The liquid gel-capable composition may have a solids content of about 15 to about 50 wt%. If the solid content exceeds the above-mentioned range, the content of the substance capable of gelling is too high, and it takes a long time (sometimes even more than about 1 minute of penetration time) to penetrate into the pores of the hard surface Too much gel is formed to maximize the coefficient of friction improvement. On the contrary, if the solid content is lower than this range, the friction coefficient improving effect will be reduced. In one embodiment, the gel-capable composition has a solids content of from about 30 to about 44 wt%, by limiting the solids content within this range, fast penetration times (less than about 30 seconds) and higher The friction coefficient improvement effect (greater than 0.4). In yet another embodiment, the gel-capable composition has a solids content of from about 30 to about 40 wt%, or from about 30 to about 35 wt%. By having a solids content in this range, faster penetration times (less than about 20 seconds) and higher coefficient of friction (up to 0.45) improvements can be obtained. In case the liquid composition capable of gelling is a silica sol, the solids content refers to the solids content of the silica sol applied to a hard surface.

Advantageously, the solids content and/or particle size of the gelable liquid composition can be selected to adjust the penetration of the gelable liquid composition into the pores of the hard surface and the coefficient of friction of the gelled hard surface. The gelable liquid composition penetrates into the hard surface in a relatively short time, so that the hard surface can be treated efficiently and the treated hard surface has a high coefficient of friction to significantly reduce the risk of slipping.

In the liquid composition capable of gelling, the dispersion medium may be present in an amount of about 50 to about 85 wt%, about 56 to about 70 wt%, about 65 to about 70 wt%.

Wherein, when the gelable composition is silica sol, the silica sol should be in a stable form before being applied to the hard surface. This can be achieved by adjusting the pH. For example, in one embodiment, the silica sol is stabilized at acidic pH. An example of a suitable acidic pH is from about 1.5 to about 3. In another embodiment, the silica sol is stabilized at alkaline pH. An example of a suitable alkaline pH is from about 8.5 to about 11. Examples of suitable silica sols include, but are not limited to: Akzo Nobel R301 (30% solid content, 10 nm average particle size, pH=10.5, available from Akzo Nobel); Akzo Nobel R900 (34% solid content, 20 nm average particle size, pH=3.0, obtained from Akzo Nobel Company); LudoxCL-P (solid content 41%, average particle diameter 22nm, pH=4, obtained from Grace Company); LudoxAM (solid content 30%, average particle diameter 12nm, pH=9 , obtained from Grace Company); Nalco1050 (50% solid content, 20nm average particle diameter, pH=9, obtained from Nalco Company); Nalco2327 (40% solid content, 20nm average particle diameter, pH=9.3, obtained from Nalco Company) ; Nalco1034A (solid content 34%, average particle size 20nm, pH=2.8, obtained from Nalco Company). Although the (concentrated) silica sol has been cited as an example of the substance capable of gelling herein, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the silica sol meeting the requirements of the present invention can be directly used as a gel capable of gelling without being diluted with a dispersing agent. A composition that can be gelled, or used as a composition capable of gelling after being further diluted with a dispersion medium as needed.

In one embodiment, the silica sol is converted to silica gel (silica gel). Advantageously, silicone is able to absorb water and oil on hard surfaces, reducing the risk of slipping.

As noted above, the silica sol may be converted to a gel using any suitable method. Typically, the gelling reaction involves destabilizing the colloidal suspension resulting in a crosslinking reaction, which can be achieved by adding a suitable gelling agent. The gelling agent is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected according to the type of substance capable of gelling to be used. For example, the gelling agent may be a pH adjuster or a salt, such as an alkaline pH adjuster.

In one embodiment, once the silica sol is applied to the hard surface, it is converted to silica gel by changing its pH. For example, when a silica sol is stable at a pH of about 1.5 to about 3, it can be converted to a silica gel by adding an alkaline solution to the silica sol applied to a hard surface. Known bases can be used without particular limitation, and suitable bases include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and the like. The alkaline solution may have a concentration of about 0.01 to about 0.1 g/ml.

In an alternative embodiment, when the silica sol is stable at a pH of about 8.5 to about 11, it can be converted to silica gel by adding an acid solution to the silica sol. Known acids can be used without particular limitation, and suitable acids include citric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid. The acid solution may have a concentration of about 0.01 to about 0.1 g/ml. In addition, the pH range suitable for converting the silica sol into silica gel using an acidic or alkaline solution is not limited to the above. Silica sols can be gelled using acidic or basic solutions over a wide pH range.

In one embodiment, once the silica sol is applied to the hard surface, the silica sol is converted to silica gel by applying a salt solution to the silica sol. Suitable salts include potassium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and the like, alone or in combination without limitation. The salt may be provided in the form of an aqueous solution having a concentration of 0.01 to 0.1 g/ml.

In one embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art should understand that, the respective weights of the composition capable of gelling and the gelling agent applied can vary according to the respective types and types of the composition capable of gelling and the gelling agent. Depending on the solids content, the material of the hard surface, or the temperature of the atmosphere. In general, however, the gel-capable composition and gelling agent may be applied in a weight ratio of from about 10:1 to about 100:1 on a solids basis. If the weight ratio is lower than this range, the gelling agent may be excessive and the amount of the substance capable of gelation may be insufficient, resulting in failure to obtain a sufficient effect of improving the coefficient of friction. On the other hand, if the weight ratio is higher than this range, the substance capable of gelling may be excessive, resulting in insufficient crosslinking to generate gel, and also failing to obtain a sufficient effect of improving the coefficient of friction.

In a specific embodiment, the method of the present invention may comprise the steps of:

applying silica sol to a porous hard surface, whereby at least part of the silica sol penetrates at least part of the pores of said hard surface, and

The silica sol is gelled to form silica gel. The gel thus formed is held within and protrudes from at least some of the pores of the hard surface to absorb water and oil and increase the coefficient of friction of the hard surface.

In a more specific embodiment, the method of the present invention may comprise the steps of: applying silica sol to a porous hard surface, whereby at least part of the silica sol penetrates into at least part of the pores of the hard surface; Alkaline solutions, acidic solutions or salts.

In a more specific embodiment, the method of the present invention comprises the steps of:

applying silica sol to a porous hard surface, whereby at least part of the silica sol penetrates at least part of the pores of said hard surface, and

An alkaline solution is applied to the hard surface. At least a portion of the silica sol is thereby crosslinked to form silica gel, and the formed gel is held in and protrudes from at least some of the pores to absorb oil and moisture and increase the coefficient of friction of hard surfaces.

In the method according to the present invention, other ingredients capable of imparting various possible desired properties to the liquid composition of the present invention may further be included in the liquid composition capable of gelling. Examples of these other ingredients include, but are not limited to: at least one of fragrances, pigments, sanitizing ingredients, and surfactants.

The methods described herein can be used to treat any hard surface with holes. The hard surface may be a porous hard surface. The hard surface may be a floor, a wall, or a countertop, etc. where a higher coefficient of friction is desired. The hard surface may be formed from ceramic, stone, cement based materials. Suitable ceramic materials include ceramic tile (glazed or unglazed), tile and porcelain. Suitable stone materials include marble, slate, granite and slate. Suitable cementitious materials include: concrete, cement and terrazzo. The method of the present invention can treat any hard surface. For example, the hard surface can be a surface (eg, floor, wall, countertop, etc.) in a kitchen, laboratory, slaughterhouse, workshop, lavatory and bathroom, fast food restaurant, hotel, and the like. In one embodiment, the hard surface is the floor in a kitchen or bathroom.

As mentioned above, the present invention also provides a kit for treating a hard surface to increase its coefficient of friction. The kit comprises a first container comprising a gel-capable liquid composition comprising a gel-capable substance and optionally a dispersion medium; and a second container comprising a gel capable of A gelling agent that gels the liquid composition capable of gelling.

In one embodiment, the liquid composition capable of gelling is a silica sol (colloidal silicon dioxide).

In one embodiment, the gelling agent is a pH adjuster or a salt.

When applied to a hard surface, the weight ratio of the liquid composition capable of gelling to the gelling agent is, as described above, from about 10:1 to about 100:1 on a solids basis.

In one embodiment, the kit further comprises an applicator for applying the liquid composition, and the kit may further comprise an applicator for applying the gel. The aforementioned application means may be the same or different. Examples of application devices include, but are not limited to: spray devices, roller applicators, mops, or rags.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a hard surface treated using the method or the kit, comprising: a hole in the surface; and a gel retained in at least part of the hole and extending from the hole glue. The hard surface may have oil and/or water on it prior to being treated. The treated hard surface has a coefficient of friction above 0.30, above 0.40, above 0.42. A hard surface with the above-mentioned coefficient of friction can significantly reduce the risk of slipping when a person walks on it.

While several embodiments have been disclosed and described, other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the detailed description herein. Accordingly, the drawings and detailed description are to be regarded as illustrative and not restrictive. For example, although the composition capable of gel has been described above in the form of a liquid composition, it may be in a solid form instead of a liquid, or may be a separate component instead of a composition, as long as it is capable of forming a gel. Can.

Example

Embodiments of the invention are further illustrated in the following non-limiting examples. It should be understood that these Examples, while indicating certain embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only. From the foregoing discussion and these Examples, one skilled in the art can ascertain the essential characteristics of this invention, and without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the embodiments of the invention to adapt it to various usage and conditions. Accordingly, various modifications of the embodiments of the invention in addition to those shown and described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. Such modifications are also intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

test methods

The measurement methods of various parameters involved in this description and the Examples are explained here.

Penetration Time Determination Method

Clean the floor tiles with deionized water (or detergent if necessary), and then put the floor tiles in an oven to dry for 12 hours to ensure that the water is completely removed. Then use a pipette with a volume of 1ml to drop 1 drop of the liquid to be tested onto the floor tiles. From the moment when the drop touches the floor tiles to when the droplet completely penetrates into the floor tiles, the time is visually recorded with a stopwatch. The floor tiles and stopwatch used in this test method are shown in Figure 3.

Friction Coefficient Determination Method

Using a BOT 3000 digital friction and wear testing machine (obtained from Regan Sci, USA), the coefficient of friction of the floor tiles to be tested was measured according to ANSI/NFSI B101.1, B101.3 of the American National Standards Institute. During the test, set the BOT 3000 to test the static friction coefficient mode, then place it on the floor tile sample and press the test button to run automatically until the friction coefficient reading is obtained.

Among them, the specific test steps are as follows:

Prepare floor tiles, use the above-mentioned BOT 3000 digital friction and wear testing machine to measure the coefficient of friction in its dry state, which is 0.5;

Immerse the floor tile as a whole in deionized water and Arowana refined vegetable oil, then take out the floor tile, place it horizontally after no more liquid drips from it, and use BOT 3000 to measure the coefficient of friction in its wet state;

Then use a rag to dip into each sample (silica sol) described below for one minute to make it completely soaked; then take out the rag from the sample, and wipe the surface of the above-mentioned floor tiles completely with the fully wetted rag; After the floor tiles are fully absorbed, similarly further wipe the surface of the above floor tiles with a rag soaked in a cross-linking agent. If the pH of the sample is greater than 7, the cross-linking agent is 10 wt% citric acid solution, and the pH of the sample is less than 7. 7, the cross-linking agent uses 10wt% NaOH solution;

And measure its coefficient of friction after treatment.

Repeat the determination of the above coefficient of friction three times, and take the average value as the measured value, wherein the coefficient of friction of the floor tiles in a wet state is about 0.21.

Embodiment 1: silica sol gelation experiment

Silica sol Nalco 2327 (obtained from Nalco Company) was used, and 10% citric acid solution was added to the silica sol at a mass ratio of 20:1. Referring to Figure 2, it can be observed that the silica sol converts to silica gel after a few seconds.

Embodiment 2: silica sol infiltration experiment

The permeation times were measured using various commercially available silica sols as follows. The commercially available silica sol used and the obtained infiltration time are shown in Table 1 below and accompanying drawing 5.

Table 1

Product name Solid content (wt%) Average particle size (nm) pH Penetration time (seconds) Ludox CL-P 41 twenty two 4 twenty one Ludox AM 30 12 9 3 Akzo R900 34 20 3 16 Nalco 1050 50 20 9 50 Nalco 2327 40 20 9.3 19 Nalco 1034A 34 20 2.8 16 Nalco 13573 27 20 3 5

Embodiment 3: Effect of solid content on penetration time and coefficient of friction

In this example, a variety of commercial silica sols with different solid contents were tested, with the average particle size controlled at 20 nm, to study the effect of solid content on penetration time and friction coefficient.

The silica sol sample used is:

Nalco13573 (20nm, solid content: 27wt%, pH is 3, comes from Nalco company); Ludox PG-E (20nm, solid content: 30wt%, pH is 9, comes from Grace company); AkzoNobel R900 (20nm, solid content: 34wt %, pH is 3, comes from Akzo Nobel company); Nalco 2327 (20nm, solid content: 40wt%, pH is 9.3, comes from Nalco company); Nalco1050 (20nm, solid content: 50wt%, pH is 9, comes from Nalco company) .

The penetration time and the friction coefficient improvement effect were respectively measured according to the above-mentioned measurement methods. The test results are shown in Table 2 and accompanying drawings 6 and 7 respectively.

Table 2

Solid content Penetration time (seconds) coefficient of friction Nalco 13573 27wt% 5 0.39 Ludox PG-E 30wt% 10 0.41 Akzo Nobel R900 34wt% 16 0.45 Nalco 2327 40wt% 19 0.43 Nalco 1050 50wt% 50 0.42

Example 4: Effect of Particle Size on Penetration Time and Coefficient of Friction

In this example, a variety of commercial silica sols with different average particle sizes were tested, and their solid content was fixed in the range of about 30wt% to about 40wt%, in order to study the effect of the average particle size on penetration time and friction coefficient.

The silica sol samples used are:

Akzo Nobel WV33 (5nm, solid content: 30wt%, pH is 8, obtained from AkzoNobel Company); Akzo Nobel R301 (10nm, solid content: 30wt%, pH is 10.5, obtained from Akzo Nobel Company); Akzo Nobel R900 (20nm , solid content: 34wt%, pH is 3, obtained from Akzo Nobel R900 company); Ludox CL-P (22nm, solid content: 41wt%, pH is 4, obtained from Grace company); Nalco 13184 (25nm, solid content: 31 wt%, pH 9.3, obtained from Nalco Company); Nalco DVSZN004 (30nm, solid content: 40 wt%, pH 9.5, obtained from Nalco Company).

The penetration time and the friction coefficient improvement effect were respectively measured according to the above-mentioned measurement methods. The test results are shown in Table 3 and accompanying drawings 8 and 9 respectively.

table 3

Particle size (nm) Penetration time (seconds) coefficient of friction Akzo Nobel WV33 5 1 0.32 Akzo Nobel R301 10 3 0.38 Akzo Nobel R900 20 19 0.43 Ludox CL-P twenty two twenty one 0.45 Nalco 13184 25 26 0.41 Nalco DVSZN004 30 35 0.43

From the above, it can be seen that the method of the present invention can significantly increase the coefficient of friction of wet, greasy hard surfaces and reduce the risk of slipping when people walk on them, especially by making the agents used have particles of 12-27nm diameter range and 30-44wt% solid content, the coefficient of friction can be increased to above 0.4, and rapid processing can be performed.

The present invention can be widely used on various hard surfaces in various environments such as kitchens, bathrooms, toilets, restaurants, hotels, etc.

Claims (25)

1. a kind of method for being used to increase the coefficient of friction with porose crust, including：

Apply the fluid composition for being capable of gel to the crust, thus at least partly described energy The fluid composition of enough gels is penetrated at least part hole of the crust, wherein described can The fluid composition of gel, which includes, is capable of the material of gel and optional decentralized medium；With

Make the fluid composition gelation for being capable of gel.

2. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, the crust is wetting and/or oil Greasy, the gel can absorb water and/or oil.

3. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, gel is capable of described in application The step of fluid composition and make between described the step of being capable of the fluid composition gelation of gel Time interval is less than 30 seconds.

4. according to the method in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, it is described to coagulate The solid content of the fluid composition of glue is between 15-50wt%.

5. method according to any one of claim 1 to 4, wherein, it is described to coagulate The average grain diameter of the material of glue is between 5-40nm.

6. method according to any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein, make it is described can The step of fluid composition gelation of gel, which includes applying to the crust, can make the energy The gel of the fluid composition gelation of enough gels.

7. method according to any one of claim 1 to 6, wherein, it is described to coagulate The fluid composition of glue includes Ludox.

8. according to the method for claim 7, wherein, the gel is made up of silica gel.

9. the method according to any one of claim 6 to 8, wherein, the gel Include pH adjusting agent or salt.

10. according to the method for claim 9, wherein, the pH of the Ludox between 1.5-3；The gel includes alkaline solution, such as KOH or NaOH solution or its combination.

11. according to the method for claim 9, wherein, the pH of the Ludox between 8.5-11；The gel includes acid solution, such as citric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid Solution or its combination.

12. according to the method for claim 9, wherein, the salt includes potassium chloride, chlorine Change sodium, magnesium chloride, at least one of sodium sulphate and magnesium sulfate.

13. the method according to any one of claim 1 to 12, wherein, with solid content Meter, the weight ratio of the fluid composition for being capable of gel that is applied and the gel between 10:1~100:1.

14. the method according to any one of claim 1 to 13, wherein, it is described can The fluid composition of gel also includes in essence, pigment, disinfection composition and surfactant At least one additive.

15. the method according to claim 11, wherein, including：

Apply Ludox to crust, thus at least part of Ludox penetrates into the crust In at least part hole, and

Apply alkaline solution, acid solution or salt to the crust.

16. the method according to any one of claim 1 to 15, it is characterised in that institute Stating crust includes floor, metope or table top.

17. the method according to any one of claim 1 to 16, it is characterised in that institute Stating crust includes ceramics, stone material or cement-based material surface.

18. a kind of be used to handle with porose crust, to increase the kit of its coefficient of friction, to wrap Include：

First container, it includes the fluid composition for being capable of gel, the liquid for being capable of gel Composition, which includes, is capable of the material of gel and optional decentralized medium；And

Second container, it, which is included, can make the solidifying of the fluid composition gelation for being capable of gel Jelly.

19. kit according to claim 18, wherein, the liquid for being capable of gel Composition includes Ludox.

20. kit according to claim 18, wherein, the gel includes pH Conditioning agent or salt.

21. the kit according to any one of claim 18 to 20, wherein, to hard When surface applies, in terms of solid content, the fluid composition for being capable of gel and the gel Weight ratio between 10:1~100:1.

22. the kit according to any one of claim 18 to 21, wherein, it is described Being capable of the fluid composition of gel also includes being selected from essence, pigment, disinfection composition and surface-active At least one of agent additive.

23. the kit according to any one of claim 18 to 22, wherein, it is described Kit also includes being used for the bringing device for applying the fluid composition for being capable of gel, and/ Or for applying the bringing device of the gel.

24. a kind of usage right requires the method or claim 18-23 any one of 1-17 Any one of the treated crust of kit, wherein, treated surface bag Include：

Hole on surface；And

It is held in the gel stretched out at least partly described hole and from the hole.

25. crust according to claim 24, wherein, treated crust With more than 0.4 coefficient of friction.