CN107376404A - A kind of stem of noble dendrobium extraction element and its method - Google Patents
A kind of stem of noble dendrobium extraction element and its method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107376404A CN107376404A CN201710471667.3A CN201710471667A CN107376404A CN 107376404 A CN107376404 A CN 107376404A CN 201710471667 A CN201710471667 A CN 201710471667A CN 107376404 A CN107376404 A CN 107376404A
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 240000004638 Dendrobium nobile Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- RYAHJFGVOCZDEI-CZKZLRAZSA-N dendrobine Natural products O=C1O[C@@H]2[C@H](C(C)C)[C@H]1[C@H]1[C@@]3(C)[C@@H]2N(C)C[C@H]3CC1 RYAHJFGVOCZDEI-CZKZLRAZSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- RYAHJFGVOCZDEI-UFFNCVEVSA-N Dendrobine Chemical compound C([C@H]1CC[C@@H]2[C@@]31C)N(C)[C@@H]3[C@H]1[C@@H](C(C)C)[C@@H]2C(=O)O1 RYAHJFGVOCZDEI-UFFNCVEVSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 241001523681 Dendrobium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 212
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 98
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 18
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 18
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001976 enzyme digestion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000824 inhalation exposure Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000002177 Cataract Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000026010 Dendrobium candidum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001048935 Dendrobium chryseum Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000030990 Dendrobium fimbriatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000337007 Oceania Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001529246 Platymiscium Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000003444 anaesthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003907 antipyretic analgesic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000010110 spontaneous platelet aggregation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of stem of noble dendrobium extraction element and its method, belong to extracted form natural plant technical field, device includes main reaction device, dendrobium polysaccharide extraction element and dendrobine extraction element, and main reaction device includes container one and related storage tank, and the bottom of container one is provided with discharging opening one；Dendrobium polysaccharide extraction element includes container two, inspissator, settling tank and the drying machine being sequentially communicated, and the related storage tank of connection settling tank, and settling tank bottom part down is provided with solid outlet, and settling tank bottom side is provided with discharging opening two, solid outlet connection drying machine；Dendrobine extraction element includes container three and related storage tank and collection box, and container three is arranged right below heater, and the bottom side of container three is provided with discharging opening three；Method includes the steps such as Feedstock treating, enzymolysis, extraction dendrobium polysaccharide, extraction dendrobine.The present invention realizes the abundant extraction to Related Component in the natural stem of noble dendrobium；The activity of extract can be kept to greatest extent；And apparatus structure is simple, it is easy to operate and control.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to extracted form natural plant technical field, is specifically related to a kind of stem of noble dendrobium extraction element and its method.
Background technology
Dendrobium Sw is a category kind maximum in orchid family, and it includes Dendrobium Moniliforme, Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook, Dendrobium denneanum etc.
1100 various plants, the areas such as Asia, Europe, Oceania being distributed in, south China distribution is more, in China's traditional medicine,
The fresh or dry stem of Dendrobium various plants, which is received, to be used for medicinal purpose, and is referred to as the stem of noble dendrobium.Chinese and overseas scholars is by decades to kind more than 30
The research of Dendrobium Sw, the chemical composition contained by the platymiscium is found, mainly including polysaccharide, alkaloids, phenols etc..It is existing
Proved for pharmacological research, Dendrobium Sw has antitumor, enhancing immunity of organisms, platelet aggregation-against, treatment cataract etc.
Effect.
In order to improve absorption and utilization of the human body to stem of noble dendrobium active ingredient, people are generally carried out the active ingredient in the stem of noble dendrobium
The various formulations such as tablet, electuary or oral liquid are made after extraction, generally use extractor or percolate pot etc. pass in extraction process
System equipment, it is relatively low that it extracts the extract yield obtained.The stem of noble dendrobium is valuable ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine, resource scarcity and it is expensive, in the extraction of the stem of noble dendrobium
In technique, universal is mostly single extraction dendrobium polysaccharide or dendrobine, and this has resulted in the significant wastage of resource；Usually, stone
Dry measure used in former times extraction is direct extraction, and it can not keep the activity of extract to greatest extent.
The content of the invention
1. technical problems to be solved
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of stem of noble dendrobium extraction element and its method, and it is realized to natural
The abundant extraction of Related Component in the stem of noble dendrobium, and the activity of extract can be kept to greatest extent；Extraction can be improved to a certain extent
The effectiveness of thing；And apparatus structure is simple, it is easy to operate and control.
2. technical scheme
To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of stem of noble dendrobium extraction element, including main reaction device and be connected on main reaction device dendrobium polysaccharide extraction
Device and dendrobine extraction element, wherein,
The main reaction device includes being used for the container one for carrying out enzyme digestion reaction, is respectively provided with warm water, has activated cellulose
The storage tank of enzyme liquid and 90% ethanol, enzyme liquid storage tank and ethanol storage tank, the storage tank, enzyme liquid storage tank and ethanol storage tank are set respectively
There is feed pipe to connect container one, the bottom of container one is provided with discharging opening one；
The dendrobium polysaccharide extraction element includes container two, inspissator, settling tank and the drying machine being sequentially communicated, Yi Jifen
The water storage box and absolute ethyl alcohol storage tank of settling tank are connected by feed pipe, water storage box and the absolute ethyl alcohol storage tank is interior respectively
Equipped with water and absolute ethyl alcohol, the settling tank bottom part down is provided with solid outlet, and settling tank bottom side is provided with discharging opening two, institute
State solid outlet connection drying machine；
The dendrobine extraction element includes container three, by feed pipe and container tee joint and the chloroform equipped with chloroform
Storage tank, the interior collection box provided with condenser pipe, and the heater immediately below container three, the collection box return including ethanol
Receive chamber and chloroform reclaiming chamber, the ethanol reclaiming chamber is equipped with the outlet pipe for connecting container three with chloroform reclaiming chamber, it is described go out
Feed channel is provided with induced-draught fan, and the bottom side of container three is provided with discharging opening three；
The two bottom sides of container one are respectively equipped with the filtrate conveyance conduit of connection container two and container three；The feed pipe
Valve is equipped with road, discharging opening one, solid outlet, discharging opening two, outlet pipe, discharging opening three and filtrate conveyance conduit；Institute
State in discharging opening one, discharging opening two and filtrate conveyance conduit and be equipped with filter screen.
Further, the bed material string bag for being used for holding dendrobe powder is provided with the container one, the bed material string bag includes post
Shape framework and the absorbent gauze being fixed on cylindrical frame, the cylindrical frame upper end are erected at container one by two connecting rods
On, the upper end of container one is provided with the groove set up for cylindrical frame.The use of the bed material string bag is advantageous to simplify separation of solid and liquid mistake
Journey, meanwhile, be advantageous to the cleaning of extraction operation residual residue.
Further, it is provided with the bed material string bag and is provided with least two by motor-driven stirring rod, the stirring rod
Individual vane, the vane and stirring rod are provided with electric network.The presence of stirring rod may advantageously facilitate enzyme digestion reaction；Electric network is deposited
Be advantageous to support the progress of enzyme digestion reaction, and electric network depends on vane, is advantageous to save space.
Further, the settling tank bottom is taper.The bottom of taper, be advantageous to the collection of precipitation solid, be solid
The process for being sent into drying machine provides favourable support.
Further, the valve on feed pipe that water storage box and the absolute ethyl alcohol storage tank connects with settling tank respectively is
The valve of regulating flow quantity.Valve is adjustable, can limit the output speed and conveying capacity of water and absolute ethyl alcohol respectively, is easy to reach real
Border requires.
Further, the heater is electric network.Electric network can accelerate heating rate, temperature is rapidly increased to institute
Need temperature；Meanwhile without naked light, be advantageous to maintenance package, protect the safety of related personnel.
Further, the ethanol reclaiming chamber is connected to ethanol storage tank provided with liquid delivery tube, and the chloroform reclaiming chamber is set
There is liquid delivery tube to be connected to chloroform storage tank, and the liquid delivery tube is provided with compression pump.Realize the recovery of ethanol and chloroform
Utilize, be advantageous to economize on resources, avoid wasting, reduce production cost.
Present invention also offers a kind of extracting method based on above-mentioned stem of noble dendrobium extraction element, comprise the following steps：
(1) Feedstock treating：The dry stem of noble dendrobium is taken, crosses 80 mesh sieves after crushed, then the soak degreasing in petroleum ether；
(2) digest：Dendrobe powder after degreasing is added in the bed material string bag, the related valve of storage tank is opened, warm water is put
Enter in container one, valve is closed to dendrobe powder is submerged, then open the related valve of enzyme liquid storage tank, cellulase solution will have been activated and delayed
It is slow to be passed through in container one, to enough closing valves；Motor is opened simultaneously, and driving stirring rod mixes slowly；Electric network is opened, to holding
Reactant is heated in device one, and enzyme deactivation is carried out using high temperature；Electric network is closed, rod motion is kept stirring for, makes thing in container one
Matter fast cooling cools down；The related valve of discharging opening one is opened, is filtered, closes valve；
(3) dendrobium polysaccharide is extracted：
A. extract：The related valve of storage tank is opened, warm water is put into container one, warm water is to the filter residue in the bed material string bag
Extracted, the filter screen in filtrate conveyance conduit by connecting container two is filtered, and filtrate enters container two, is repeated above-mentioned
Filter process is extracted, filtrate is all sent into container two；
B. concentrate：Solution in container two is sent into inspissator to be concentrated, is re-fed into settling tank；
C. precipitate：The related valve of absolute ethyl alcohol storage tank is opened, absolute ethyl alcohol is passed through settling tank, makes ethanol in settling tank
Concentration reaches 80%, staticly settles；The related valve of discharging opening two is opened, is filtered；Open water storage box and anhydrous second simultaneously
The related valve of alcohol storage tank, make to be configured to 80% ethanol solution, 80% ethanol solution washs residue, passes through discharging opening two
Filtering, repeated washing 3 or 4 times；
D. dry：The valve on solid outlet is opened, the residue after washing is sent into drying machine, polysaccharide is obtained after drying
Crude product.
(4) dendrobine is extracted：
A. extract：The related valve of ethanol storage tank is opened, ethanol is put into container one, ethanol is to the filter in the bed material string bag
Slag is extracted, and the filter screen in filtrate conveyance conduit by connecting container three is filtered, and filtrate enters container three, in repetition
Extraction filter process is stated, filtrate is all sent into container three；
B. ethanol is reclaimed：Start heater, the filtrate in container three is heated, the ethanol volatilization in filtrate, and
When open ethanol reclaiming chamber and correspond to valve and air-suction trunk on outlet pipe, by alcohol gas suction ethanol reclaiming chamber and be condensed into
Liquid, heater is closed, then open the valve and compression pump on the liquid delivery tube of ethanol storage tank, by the ethanol in collection box
It is transmitted back to ethanol storage tank；
C. extract：The related valve of chloroform storage tank is opened, chloroform is passed through into container three, is extracted；
D. chloroform is reclaimed：Start heater, the material in container three is heated, the chloroform volatilization in container three,
Opening chloroform reclaiming chamber corresponds to the valve and air-suction trunk on outlet pipe in time, by chloroform gas Inhalation Exposure To Chloroform reclaiming chamber and condenses
Into liquid, heater is closed, then opens the valve and compression pump on the liquid delivery tube of chloroform storage tank, by the chlorine in collection box
It is imitative to be transmitted back to chloroform storage tank；Residue is dendrobine in container three；
E. discharge：The related valve of discharging opening three is opened, the dendrobine in container three is taken out from discharging opening three.
3. beneficial effect
(1) present invention successively carries out the extraction of dendrobium polysaccharide and dendrobine, realizes to Related Component in the natural stem of noble dendrobium
Fully extraction, dendrobine is obtained while dendrobium polysaccharide is obtained, and has reached single extraction dendrobium polysaccharide in high yield, is had
Higher economic benefit；It also avoid the wasting of resources with regard to single substance extraction.
(2) present invention is before the direct extraction of dendrobium polysaccharide and dendrobine is carried out, first using enzymatic isolation method to natural dendrobe powder
Tentatively extracted, the requirement of extraction conditions can be reduced, accelerate the release of polysaccharide, keep the activity of extract to greatest extent,
Yield is improved to a certain degree, and there is larger application value.
(3) present invention after Ethanol Treatment, is extracted when extracting dendrobine with chloroform, and dendrobine has rise blood
Sugar, reduce blood pressure, weaken contractile force, suppression breathing and the effect of weak antipyretic analgesic, and chloroform can be applied to anesthetic, one
Determine can to promote in degree the effect of dendrobine.
(4) device provided by the present invention is using multiple storage tanks such as storage tank, enzyme liquid storage tanks, and each storage tank passes through provided with valve
Door feed pipe connected with associated vessel, its is simple to operate, and when needed can simple realization flow, flow velocity control.
The present invention realizes the abundant extraction to Related Component in the natural stem of noble dendrobium；The work of extract can be kept to greatest extent
Property；The effectiveness of extract can be improved to a certain extent；Apparatus structure is simple, is easy to operate and control.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of stem of noble dendrobium extraction element provided by the present invention；
Wherein, 1- containers one, 2- storage tanks, 3- enzyme liquid storage tanks, 4- ethanol storage tanks, 5- feed pipes, 6- discharging openings one, 7-
The bed material string bag, 8- motors, 9- stirring rod, 10- main reaction devices, 11- containers two, 12- inspissators, 13- settling tanks, 14- are dried
Machine, 15- water storage boxes, 16- absolute ethyl alcohol storage tanks, 17- solid outlets, 18- discharging openings two, 20- dendrobium polysaccharide extraction elements, 21-
Container three, 22- chloroform storage tanks, 23- collection boxes, 24- heaters, 25- outlet pipes, 26- induced-draught fans, 27- discharging openings three,
28- liquid delivery tubes, 29- compression pumps, 30- dendrobine extraction elements, 31- filtrate conveyance conduits, 32- valves, 33- filter screens, 71-
Cylindrical frame, 72- absorbent gauzes, 73- connecting rods, 91- blades, 92- electric networks, 231- ethanol reclaiming chambers, 232- chloroform reclaiming chambers；
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of stem of noble dendrobium extracting method provided by the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment
A kind of stem of noble dendrobium extraction element as shown in Figure 1, including main reaction device 10 and it is connected to main reaction device 10
On dendrobium polysaccharide extraction element 20 and dendrobine extraction element 30, wherein,
The main reaction device 10 includes being used for the container 1 for carrying out enzyme digestion reaction, is respectively provided with warm water, has activated fiber
The storage tank 2 of plain enzyme liquid and 90% ethanol, enzyme liquid storage tank 3 and ethanol storage tank 4, the storage tank 2, enzyme liquid storage tank 3 and ethanol storage
Case 4 is respectively equipped with feed pipe 5 and connects container 1, and the bottom of container 1 is provided with discharging opening 1；
The dendrobium polysaccharide extraction element 20 includes container 2 11, inspissator 12, settling tank 13 and the drying being sequentially communicated
Machine 14, and the water storage box 15 and absolute ethyl alcohol storage tank 16 of settling tank 13, the water storage box 15 are connected by feed pipe 5 respectively
With water and absolute ethyl alcohol are respectively provided with absolute ethyl alcohol storage tank 16, the bottom part down of settling tank 13 is provided with solid outlet 17, sink
The bottom side of shallow lake case 13 is provided with discharging opening 2 18, and the solid outlet 17 connects drying machine 14；
The dendrobine extraction element 30 includes container 3 21, is connected by feed pipe with container 3 21 and chloroform is housed
Chloroform storage tank 22, the interior collection box 23 provided with condenser pipe, and the heater 24 immediately below container 3 21, described time
Receiving case 23 includes ethanol reclaiming chamber 231 and chloroform reclaiming chamber 232, and the ethanol reclaiming chamber 231 and chloroform reclaiming chamber 232 are equipped with
The outlet pipe 25 of container 3 21 is connected, the outlet pipe 25 is provided with induced-draught fan 26, and the bottom side of container 3 21 is set
There is discharging opening 3 27；
The two bottom sides of container 1 are respectively equipped with the filtrate conveyance conduit 31 of connection container 2 11 and container 3 21；Institute
State feed pipe 5, discharging opening 1, solid outlet 17, discharging opening 2 18, outlet pipe 25, discharging opening 3 27 and filtrate delivery pipe
Valve 32 is equipped with road 31；Filter screen 33 is equipped with the discharging opening 1, discharging opening 2 18 and filtrate conveyance conduit 31.
In the present embodiment, in order to simplify separation of solid and liquid process, it is easy to the cleaning of extraction operation residual residue, the container
The bed material string bag 7 for being used for holding dendrobe powder is provided with one 1, the bed material string bag 7 includes cylindrical frame 71 and is fixed on cylindricality frame
Absorbent gauze 72 on frame 71, the upper end of cylindrical frame 71 are erected on container 1 by two connecting rods 73, the container one
1 upper end is provided with the groove set up for cylindrical frame 71.
In the present embodiment, in order to promote enzyme digestion reaction, meet the needs of digesting the stem of noble dendrobium, to be provided with the bed material string bag 7
The stirring rod 9 driven by motor 8, the stirring rod 9 are provided with least two vanes 91, set in the vane 91 and stirring rod 9
There is electric network 92.And electric network depends on vane, be advantageous to save space.
In the present embodiment, for the ease of the collection of precipitation solid, the process that drying machine is sent into for solid provides favourable branch
Hold, the bottom of settling tank 13 is taper.
In the present embodiment, in order that the output speed and conveying capacity of water and absolute ethyl alcohol are adjustable, it is easy to reach and is actually subjected to
Ask, the valve 32 on feed pipe that the water storage box 15 and absolute ethyl alcohol storage tank 16 connect with settling tank 13 respectively is adjustable
The valve of flow.
In the present embodiment, it is contemplated that heating efficiency and safety problem, the heater 24 be electric network.
In the present embodiment, in order to realize the recycling of ethanol and chloroform, and then be advantageous to economize on resources, avoid wave
Take, reduce production cost, the ethanol reclaiming chamber 231 is connected to ethanol storage tank 4, the chloroform recovery provided with liquid delivery tube 28
Chamber 232 is connected to chloroform storage tank 22 provided with liquid delivery tube 28, and the liquid delivery tube 28 is provided with compression pump 29.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of extracting method based on above-mentioned stem of noble dendrobium extraction element, comprises the following steps：
(1) Feedstock treating：The dry stem of noble dendrobium is taken, crosses 80 mesh sieves after crushed, then the soak degreasing in petroleum ether；
(2) digest：Dendrobe powder after degreasing is added in the bed material string bag 7, the related valve 32 of storage tank 2 is opened, by temperature
Water is put into container 1, and valve 32 is closed to dendrobe powder is submerged, then opens the related valve 32 of enzyme liquid storage tank 3, will activate fibre
Tie up plain enzyme liquid to be slowly passed through in container 1, to enough closing valves 32；Motor 8 is opened simultaneously, and driving stirring rod 9 mixes slowly；
Electric network 92 is opened, reactant in container 1 is heated, enzyme deactivation is carried out using high temperature；Electric network 92 is closed, is kept stirring for
Rod 9 moves, and cools down material fast cooling in container 1；The related valve 32 of discharging opening 1 is opened, is filtered, closes valve
32；
(3) dendrobium polysaccharide is extracted：
A. extract：The related valve 32 of storage tank 2 is opened, warm water is put into container 1, warm water is in the bed material string bag 7
Filter residue extracted, the filter screen 33 in filtrate conveyance conduit 31 by connecting container 2 11 is filtered, filtrate enter hold
Device 2 11, repeats above-mentioned extraction filter process, and filtrate is all sent into container 2 11；
B. concentrate：Solution in container 2 11 is sent into inspissator 12 to be concentrated, is re-fed into settling tank 13；
C. precipitate：The related valve 32 of absolute ethyl alcohol storage tank 16 is opened, absolute ethyl alcohol is passed through settling tank 13, makes settling tank
Concentration of alcohol reaches 80% in 13, staticly settles；The related valve 32 of discharging opening 2 18 is opened, is filtered；Open storage simultaneously
The related valve 32 of water tank 15 and absolute ethyl alcohol storage tank 16, make to be configured to 80% ethanol solution, 80% ethanol solution enters residue
Row washing, is filtered, repeated washing 3 or 4 times by discharging opening 2 18；
D. dry：The valve 32 on solid outlet 17 is opened, the residue after washing is sent into drying machine 14, after drying
To polysaccharide crude.
(4) dendrobine is extracted：
A. extract：The related valve 32 of ethanol storage tank 4 is opened, ethanol is put into container 1, ethanol is to the bed material string bag 7
In filter residue extracted, the filter screen 33 in filtrate conveyance conduit 31 by connecting container 3 21 is filtered, filtrate enter
Container 3 21, repeats above-mentioned extraction filter process, and filtrate is all sent into container 3 21；
B. ethanol is reclaimed：Start heater 24, the filtrate in container 3 21 is heated, the ethanol in filtrate is waved
Hair, valve 32 and air-suction trunk 26 on the corresponding outlet pipe 25 of ethanol reclaiming chamber 231 are opened in time, alcohol gas are sucked into ethanol
Reclaiming chamber 231 is simultaneously condensed into liquid, closes heater 24, then opens the valve 32 on the liquid delivery tube 28 of ethanol storage tank 4
With compression pump 29, the ethanol in collection box 23 is transmitted back to ethanol storage tank 4；
C. extract：The related valve 32 of chloroform storage tank 22 is opened, chloroform is passed through into container 3 21, is extracted；
D. chloroform is reclaimed：Start heater 24, the material in container 3 21 is heated, the chloroform in container 3 21
Volatilization, valve 32 and air-suction trunk 26 on the corresponding outlet pipe 25 of chloroform reclaiming chamber 232 are opened in time, chloroform gas are sucked into chlorine
Imitative reclaiming chamber 232 is simultaneously condensed into liquid, closes heater 24, then opens the valve on the liquid delivery tube 28 of chloroform storage tank 22
32 and compression pump 29, the chloroform in collection box 23 is transmitted back to chloroform storage tank 22；Residue is dendrobine in container 3 21；
E. discharge：The related valve 32 of discharging opening 3 27 is opened, the dendrobine in container 3 21 is taken from discharging opening 3 27
Go out.
Those of ordinary skill in the art it should be appreciated that the embodiment of the above be intended merely to explanation the present invention,
And be not used as limitation of the invention, as long as in the spirit of the present invention, the change to embodiment described above
Change, modification will all fall in scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of stem of noble dendrobium extraction element, it is characterised in that including main reaction device (10) and be connected to main reaction device
(10) dendrobium polysaccharide extraction element (20) and dendrobine extraction element (30) on, wherein,
The main reaction device (10) includes being used for the container one (1) for carrying out enzyme digestion reaction, is respectively provided with warm water, has activated fiber
The storage tank of plain enzyme liquid and 90% ethanol (2), enzyme liquid storage tank (3) and ethanol storage tank (4), the storage tank (2), enzyme liquid storage tank
(3) and ethanol storage tank (4) is respectively equipped with feed pipe (5) connection container one (1), and described (1) bottom of container one is provided with discharging opening
One (6)；
The dendrobium polysaccharide extraction element (20) include be sequentially communicated container two (11), inspissator (12), settling tank (13) and
Drying machine (14), and the water storage box (15) and absolute ethyl alcohol storage tank of settling tank (13) are connected by feed pipe (5) respectively
(16) water and absolute ethyl alcohol, settling tank (15) bottom, are respectively provided with the water storage box (15) and absolute ethyl alcohol storage tank (16)
Solid outlet (17) is provided with below portion, settling tank (13) bottom side is provided with discharging opening two (18), and the solid outlet (17) is even
Logical drying machine (14)；
The dendrobine extraction element (30) includes container three (21), connects and fill with container three (21) by feed pipe (5)
There are the chloroform storage tank (22) of chloroform, the interior collection box (23) provided with condenser pipe, and the heating immediately below container three (21)
Device (24), the collection box (23) include ethanol reclaiming chamber (231) and chloroform reclaiming chamber (232), the ethanol reclaiming chamber
(231) outlet pipe (25) for connecting container three (21) is equipped with chloroform reclaiming chamber (232), is set on the outlet pipe (25)
There is induced-draught fan (26), described (21) bottom side of container three is provided with discharging opening three (27)；
Described (1) two bottom sides of container one are respectively equipped with the filtrate conveyance conduit of connection container two (11) and container three (21)
(31)；The feed pipe (5), discharging opening one (6), solid outlet (17), discharging opening two (18), outlet pipe (25), discharging
Valve (32) is equipped with three (27) of mouth and filtrate conveyance conduit (31)；The discharging opening one (6), discharging opening two (18) and filtrate
Filter screen (33) is equipped with conveyance conduit (31).
2. a kind of stem of noble dendrobium extraction element according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with and be used in the container one (1)
The bed material string bag (7) of dendrobe powder is held, the bed material string bag (7) includes cylindrical frame (71) and is fixed on cylindrical frame (71)
Absorbent gauze (72), cylindrical frame (71) upper end is erected on container one (1) by two connecting rods (73), the container
One (1) upper end is provided with the groove set up for cylindrical frame (71).
A kind of 3. stem of noble dendrobium extraction element according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be provided with the bed material string bag (7) by
The stirring rod (9) of motor (8) driving, the stirring rod (9) are provided with least two vanes (91), the vane (91) and stirring
Rod (9) is provided with electric network (92).
4. a kind of stem of noble dendrobium extraction element according to claim 3, it is characterised in that settling tank (13) bottom is cone
Shape.
5. a kind of stem of noble dendrobium extraction element according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the water storage box (15) and absolute ethyl alcohol
The valve (32) on feed pipe (5) that storage tank (16) connects with settling tank (13) respectively is the valve of regulating flow quantity.
6. a kind of stem of noble dendrobium extraction element according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the heater (24) is electric heating
Net.
7. a kind of stem of noble dendrobium extraction element according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the ethanol reclaiming chamber (231) is provided with
Liquid delivery tube (28) is connected to ethanol storage tank (4), and the chloroform reclaiming chamber (232) is connected to chlorine provided with liquid delivery tube (28)
Imitative storage tank (22), and the liquid delivery tube (28) is provided with compression pump (29).
8. a kind of extracting method of the stem of noble dendrobium extraction element based on described in claim 7, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) Feedstock treating：The dry stem of noble dendrobium is taken, crosses 80 mesh sieves after crushed, then the soak degreasing in petroleum ether；
(2) digest：Dendrobe powder after degreasing is added in the bed material string bag (7), opens the related valve (32) of storage tank (2), will
Warm water is put into container one (1), and valve (32) is closed to dendrobe powder is submerged, then opens the related valve (32) of enzyme liquid storage tank (3),
Cellulase solution will be activated slowly to be passed through in container one (1), to enough closing valves (32)；Motor (8) is opened simultaneously, is driven
Stirring rod (9) mixes slowly；Electric network (92) is opened, the interior reactant of container one (1) is heated, gone out using high temperature
Enzyme；Electric network (92) is closed, is kept stirring for rod (9) motion, makes the interior material fast cooling cooling of container one (1)；Open discharging opening
One (6) related valve (32), is filtered；
(3) dendrobium polysaccharide is extracted：
A. extract：The related valve of storage tank (2) is opened, warm water is put into container one (1), warm water is in the bed material string bag (7)
Filter residue extracted, the filter screen (33) in filtrate conveyance conduit (31) by connecting container two (11) is filtered, filtrate
Into container two (11), above-mentioned extraction filter process is repeated, filtrate is all sent into container two (11)；
B. concentrate：Solution in container two (11) is sent into inspissator (12) to be concentrated, is re-fed into settling tank (13)；
C. precipitate：The related valve (32) of absolute ethyl alcohol storage tank (16) is opened, absolute ethyl alcohol is passed through settling tank (13), makes precipitation
Case (13) interior concentration of alcohol reaches 80%, staticly settles；The related valve (32) of discharging opening two (18) is opened, is filtered；Together
When open water storage box (15) and absolute ethyl alcohol storage tank (16) related valve (32), make to be configured to 80% ethanol solution, 80% second
Alcoholic solution washs to residue, is filtered by discharging opening two (18), repeated washing 3 or 4 times；
D. dry：The valve (32) on solid outlet (17) is opened, the residue after washing is sent into drying machine (14), after drying
Obtain polysaccharide crude.
(4) dendrobine is extracted：
A. extract：The related valve (32) of ethanol storage tank (4) is opened, ethanol is put into container one (1), ethanol is to the bed material string bag
(7) filter residue in is extracted, and the filter screen (33) in filtrate conveyance conduit (31) by connecting container three (21) is filtered,
Filtrate enters container three (21), repeats above-mentioned extraction filter process, and filtrate is all sent into container three (21)；
B. ethanol is reclaimed：Start heater (24), the filtrate in container three (21) is heated, the ethanol in filtrate is waved
Hair, valve (32) and air-suction trunk (26) on the corresponding outlet pipe (25) of ethanol reclaiming chamber (231) is opened in time, by alcohol gas
Suction ethanol reclaiming chamber (231) is simultaneously condensed into liquid, closes heater (24), then opens the liquid conveying of ethanol storage tank (4)
The valve (32) and compression pump (29) on (28) are managed, the ethanol in collection box (23) is transmitted back to ethanol storage tank (4)；
C. extract：The related valve (32) of chloroform storage tank (22) is opened, chloroform is passed through to container three (21) is interior, is extracted；
D. chloroform is reclaimed：Start heater (24), the material in container three (21) is heated, the chlorine in container three (21)
Imitative volatilization, valve (32) and air-suction trunk (26) on the corresponding outlet pipe (25) of chloroform reclaiming chamber (232) is opened in time, by chloroform
Gas Inhalation Exposure To Chloroform reclaiming chamber (232) is simultaneously condensed into liquid, closes heater (24), then open the liquid of chloroform storage tank (22)
Valve (32) and compression pump (29) in delivery pipe (28), chloroform storage tank (22) is transmitted back to by the chloroform in collection box (23)；Hold
The interior residue of device three (21) is dendrobine；
E. discharge：The related valve (32) of discharging opening three (27) is opened, by the dendrobine in container three (21) from discharging opening three
(27) take out.
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| CN112724271A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 温州大学 | Extraction device and extraction process of sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide |
| US20210332157A1 (en) * | 2020-04-25 | 2021-10-28 | Zhejiang University Of Technology | Method for extracting and purifying dendrobium officinale polysaccharides |
| CN115120996A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-30 | 苏州知时生物科技有限公司 | Preparation device and preparation method of plant type allergic rhinitis care solution |
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Application publication date: 20171124 |