CN107354111A - A kind of complex micro organism fungicide and preparation method for maize straw - Google Patents
A kind of complex micro organism fungicide and preparation method for maize straw Download PDFInfo
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000223261 Trichoderma viride Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 240000006439 Aspergillus oryzae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000002247 Aspergillus oryzae Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000222393 Phanerochaete chrysosporium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000187392 Streptomyces griseus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000006916 nutrient agar Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009631 Broth culture Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 16
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 240000006909 Tilia x europaea Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000031968 Cadaver Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001655322 Streptomycetales Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223259 Trichoderma Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/16—Yeasts; Culture media therefor
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- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of complex micro organism fungicide and preparation method for maize straw, is related to microbial technology field, a kind of complex micro organism fungicide for maize straw, it is formulated by following raw material：Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma viride, streptomyces griseus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, aspergillus oryzae, saccharomycete and lime, preparation method are：Each strain is individually first expanded into culture, then remixes culture, finally dries packing.The present invention is aimed at designed by northern com straw-returning; it is most beneficial for the microorganism for decomposing maize straw from strain; the temperature in northern stalk maturity period is also relatively adapted to the growth of these microorganisms simultaneously; the degraded of maize straw can not only be accelerated; nutrient, while also certain disease-resistant protection, pre- disease prevention and the effect for promoting growth are provided for follow-up crops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microbial technology field, more particularly to a kind of composite microbial bacteria for maize straw
Agent, also relate to the preparation method of the complex micro organism fungicide.
Background technology
Straw-returning is the well stimulation of a culture fertility of most attention in the world today, is preventing crop straw burning
There is getting fat production-increasing function while caused atmosphere pollution.Straw-returning can increase the soil organism, improved soil structure,
Make loosing soil, porosity increase, capacity mitigates, and promotes the development of microbial activity and crop root.
Straw-returning getting fat production-increasing function is notable, can typically increase production 5%-10%, if but method it is improper, also result in soil
Germ increases, and crop disease aggravates and bad phenomenons such as (stiff seedlings) of being short of seedling, while at the northern area corn maturity period, temperature is general
All over not high, thus just need one kind can effective degrading straw, and can prevents the complex micro organism fungicide of follow-up corps diseases,
Good field effect can just be played.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of complex micro organism fungicide and preparation method for maize straw, uses
To solve problems of the prior art.
A kind of complex micro organism fungicide for maize straw, it by following percentage by weight raw material prepare and
Into：
It is preferred that the concentration of the bacillus subtilis culture is 6.0 × 108-1.2×1010Cfu/g, the green
The concentration of trichoderma culture is 1.2 × 106-2.1×108Cfu/g, the concentration of the streptomyces griseus culture is 1.8 × 106-
2.1×108Cfu/g, the concentration of the Phanerochaete chrysosporium culture is 1.2 × 104-2.1×106Cfu/g, the meter Qu
The concentration of mould culture is 1.2 × 104-2.1×106Cfu/g, the concentration of the Yeast culture is 1.8 × 106-2.1×
108cfu/g。
A kind of preparation method of complex micro organism fungicide for maize straw, it is as follows：
1), the independent expansion culture of major strain：
(1) culture of bacillus subtilis：In 15 DEG C of -40 DEG C of insulating boxs, preferred temperature is 37 DEG C, first by withered grass bud
Spore bacillus species are aseptically inoculated on nutrient agar inclined-plane, are cultivated 24 hours, then will have been cultivated
Bacillus subtilis aseptic inoculation into nutrient broth medium, rotating speed 120-200r/min, preferably 180r/min,
Shaken cultivation 24 hours, then aseptic inoculation is in fermentation tank, culture 48 hours, on last aseptic inoculation to solid medium,
Culture 48 hours；
(2) culture of Trichoderma viride：In 10 DEG C of -38 DEG C of insulating boxs, preferred temperature is 28 DEG C, first by trichoderma viride
Kind is aseptically inoculated on nutrient agar inclined-plane, is cultivated 24 hours, then will cultured green wood
Mould aseptic inoculation is into nutrient broth medium, rotating speed 120-200r/min, preferably 180r/min, and shaken cultivation 24 is small
When, then aseptic inoculation is cultivated 48 hours in fermentation tank, on last aseptic inoculation to solid medium, is cultivated 48 hours；
(3) culture of streptomyces griseus：In 15 DEG C of -40 DEG C of insulating boxs, preferred temperature is 38 DEG C, first by grey strepto-
Bacterium strain is aseptically inoculated on nutrient agar inclined-plane, is cultivated 24 hours, then by cultured ash
Color streptomycete aseptic inoculation is cultivated 24 hours, then for aseptic inoculation in fermentation tank, culture 48 is small into nutrient broth medium
When, on last aseptic inoculation to solid medium, cultivate 48 hours；
(4) culture of Phanerochaete chrysosporium：In 15 DEG C of -40 DEG C of insulating boxs, preferred temperature is 37 DEG C, first by yellow spore
The flat lead fungi strain of raw wool is aseptically inoculated on nutrient agar inclined-plane, is cultivated 24 hours, then will have been trained
The Phanerochaete chrysosporium aseptic inoculation supported is into nutrient broth medium, rotating speed 120-200r/min, preferably
180r/min, shaken cultivation 24 hours, then aseptic inoculation is in fermentation tank, culture 48 hours, last aseptic inoculation to solid
On culture medium, cultivate 48 hours；
(5) culture of aspergillus oryzae：In 10 DEG C of -35 DEG C of insulating boxs, preferred temperature is 28 DEG C, and aspergillus oryzae strain exists first
It is inoculated on nutrient agar inclined-plane, cultivates 24 hours under aseptic condition, it is then that cultured aspergillus oryzae is sterile
It is inoculated into nutrient broth medium, rotating speed 120-200r/min, preferably 180r/min, shaken cultivation 24 hours, so
Aseptic inoculation is cultivated 48 hours in fermentation tank afterwards, on last aseptic inoculation to solid medium, is cultivated 48 hours；
(6) culture of saccharomycete：In 12 DEG C of -36 DEG C of insulating boxs, preferred temperature is 28 DEG C, and yeast seeds exist first
It is inoculated under aseptic condition on yeast extract peptone glucose nutrient agar inclined-plane, cultivates 24 hours, then will cultivate
Good saccharomycete aseptic inoculation is into soya-bean milk, rotating speed 120-200r/min, preferably 180r/min, and shaken cultivation 24 is small
When, then aseptic inoculation is cultivated 48 hours in fermentation tank, on last aseptic inoculation to solid medium, is cultivated 48 hours；
2), major strain is mixed：Cultured strain is mixed according to following percentage by weight, and stirred, and
It is inoculated in fermentation tank, cultivates 48 hours；
3), dry packing：After thing mixed above is carried out air drying, crushed, add appropriate lime and packed, i.e.,
For complex microorganism preparations.
It is preferred that the composition of the nutrient agar is peptone 10g, beef extract 3g, sodium chloride 5g, agar 15g,
1000ml is added water to, it is 7.4 to adjust PH, final high temperature sterilizing.
It is preferred that the composition of the nutrient broth medium is peptone 10g, powdered beef 3g, sodium chloride 5g, add water to
1000ml, it is 7.2 to adjust PH, final high temperature sterilizing.
The complex micro organism fungicide can degrade pulverized maize straw for 6-13 days after application, and produce disease pest
Evil and the possibility of follow-up microorganism root disease are extremely low.
Because the main component of maize straw is cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the complex micro organism fungicide
It is mainly used to decompose these materials.
In the microbial inoculum, bacillus subtilis can be with degraded cellulose, carbohydrate and starch etc., and has certain disease-resistant work
With；Trichoderma viride can produce a variety of enzyme systems with bioactivity, and institute's cellulase-producing activity highest, there have to crops to be very good
Degradation, while Trichoderma viride is a kind of antagonistic microbe again, is played an important roll in plant pathology biological control, tool
There are the double effects of protection and curative effect, can effectively prevent soil-borne disease；Streptomyces griseus can be with degraded cellulose and hemicellulose
Element, also certain resistant effect and the effect for promoting plant growth；Phanerochaete chrysosporium can be with lignin degrading；Aspergillus oryzae
Can be with degraded cellulose and hemicellulose；Saccharomycete has certain catalytic action, and because is dropped in maize straw by microorganism
Xie Shi, some organic acids can be produced, be used for neutralizing organic acid so adding appropriate lime, promote microbial degradation, increase soil
Fertility.
In the maize straw of Northern Part of China, because the corn maturity period is general in the fall nine, the October, temperature
Universal not high, field temperature is substantially at 12 DEG C -30 DEG C, and stalk is difficult quickly to be degraded by microorganisms under field conditions (factors), in temperature
Relatively low northern area is just more difficult, and the growth to crops below brings adverse effect, so selected in the present invention
Cellulose of the suitable growth temperature of mushroom substantially all in this section, fast degradation maize straw, hemicellulose and wooden
Element, good growing environment is provided for crops below, while also have some disease-resistant effects.
Advantage of the present invention：The present invention can accelerate the degradation speed of organic matter in maize straw, make the harvested straw of corn
Stalk fast degradation, the growth of follow-up crops is not influenceed, the nutrient in maize straw is decomposed in soil, be follow-up crops
Nutrient is provided, is advantageous to the growth of follow-up crops, while also certain disease resisting effect, prevents the root disease of follow-up crops
Harmful, the microorganism selection in the present invention is most common strain in each mushroom, thus it is cheap, make simply, simultaneously
The microorganism of equilibrium selection decomposition of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the various materials in maize straw are allow synchronously to divide
Solution, microorganism not only decompose maize straw, also have soil and provide disease-resistant protection, pre- disease prevention and promote to grow follow-up farming
The effect of thing growth.
Embodiment
Clear, complete description is carried out to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, it is to be understood that the present invention
Protection domain is not limited by embodiment.
When applying the complex micro organism fungicide, corn stalk powder should be broken into the fields first broken less than 10cm
Section, and uniformly turn over and bury in the fields, then the complex micro organism fungicide is evenly mixed in soil.
Embodiment 1, a kind of complex micro organism fungicide for maize straw, it by following percentage by weight raw material
It is formulated：
Embodiment 2, a kind of complex micro organism fungicide for maize straw, it by following percentage by weight raw material
It is formulated：
Embodiment 3, a kind of complex micro organism fungicide for maize straw, it by following percentage by weight raw material
It is formulated：
The concentration of the bacillus subtilis culture is 6.0 × 109Cfu/g, the concentration of the Trichoderma viride culture
For 5.0 × 107Cfu/g, the concentration of the streptomyces griseus culture is 4.0 × 107Cfu/g, the Phanerochaete chrysosporium training
The concentration for supporting thing is 6.0 × 105Cfu/g, the concentration of the aspergillus oryzae culture is 7.0 × 105Cfu/g, the saccharomycete culture
The concentration of thing is 2.0 × 107cfu/g。
A kind of preparation method of complex micro organism fungicide for maize straw, it is as follows：
1), the independent expansion culture of major strain：
(1) culture of bacillus subtilis：In 37 DEG C of insulating boxs, first by Bacillus subtilis strain in aseptic condition
Under be inoculated on nutrient agar inclined-plane, cultivate 24 hours, then connect cultured bacillus subtilis is sterile
Kind is into nutrient broth medium, rotating speed 180r/min, shaken cultivation 24 hours, and then aseptic inoculation is in fermentation tank, training
Support 48 hours, on last aseptic inoculation to solid medium, cultivate 48 hours；
(2) culture of Trichoderma viride：In 28 DEG C of insulating boxs, Trichoderma viride strain is aseptically inoculated in first
On nutrient agar inclined-plane, cultivate 24 hours, then by cultured Trichoderma viride aseptic inoculation to nutrient broth
In culture medium, rotating speed 180r/min, shaken cultivation 24 hours, then aseptic inoculation is in fermentation tank, culture 48 hours, finally
Aseptic inoculation is cultivated 48 hours on solid medium；
(3) culture of streptomyces griseus：In 38 DEG C of insulating boxs, streptomyces griseus strain is aseptically connect first
Kind is on nutrient agar inclined-plane, cultivating 24 hours, then by cultured streptomyces griseus aseptic inoculation to battalion
Support in broth bouillon, cultivate 24 hours, then aseptic inoculation is in fermentation tank, culture 48 hours, and last aseptic inoculation is to admittedly
On body culture medium, cultivate 48 hours；
(4) culture of Phanerochaete chrysosporium：In 37 DEG C of insulating boxs, first by Phanerochaete chrysosporium strain sterile
Under the conditions of be inoculated on nutrient agar inclined-plane, cultivate 24 hours, then by cultured Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Aseptic inoculation is into nutrient broth medium, rotating speed 180r/min, and shaken cultivation 24 hours, then aseptic inoculation is in fermentation tank
In, cultivate 48 hours, on last aseptic inoculation to solid medium, cultivate 48 hours；
(5) culture of aspergillus oryzae：In 28 DEG C of insulating boxs, aspergillus oryzae strain is aseptically inoculated in nutrition first
On agar medium inclined-plane, cultivate 24 hours, then by cultured aspergillus oryzae aseptic inoculation to nutrient broth medium
In, rotating speed 180r/min, shaken cultivation 24 hours, then aseptic inoculation is in fermentation tank, and culture 48 hours is finally sterile to connect
Plant onto solid medium, cultivate 48 hours；
(6) culture of saccharomycete：In 28 DEG C of insulating boxs, yeast seeds are aseptically inoculated in yeast first
On cream peptone glucose nutrient agar inclined-plane, cultivate 24 hours, then arrive cultured saccharomycete aseptic inoculation
In soya-bean milk, rotating speed 180r/min, shaken cultivation 24 hours, then aseptic inoculation is in fermentation tank, culture 48 hours, last nothing
Bacterium is inoculated on solid medium, is cultivated 48 hours；
2), major strain is mixed：Will cultured each strain mass percent mixing, and stirring according to schedule above
Uniformly, and it is inoculated in fermentation tank, cultivates 48 hours；
3), dry packing：After thing mixed above is carried out air drying, crushed, add appropriate lime and packed, i.e.,
For complex microorganism preparations.
The composition of the nutrient agar is peptone 10g, beef extract 3g, sodium chloride 5g, agar 15g, is added water to
1000ml, it is 7.4 to adjust PH, final high temperature sterilizing.
The composition of the nutrient broth medium is peptone 10g, powdered beef 3g, sodium chloride 5g, adds water to 1000ml, is adjusted
PH is 7.2, final high temperature sterilizing.
The application effect of the complex micro organism fungicide of the preparation of embodiment 1：Under conditions of environment temperature is 12-20 DEG C,
Load native 45kg in reaction unit, by maize straw 5kg, urea 0.05g and the composite microbial bacteria prepared according to embodiment 1
Agent 200g puts into plastic knitting and is buried in the earth, and moisture control determines maize straw dry weight, utilizes weight 60% after banking up 9 days
Than calculate maize straw degradation rate be 48.1%, maize straw decomposed blackening.
The application effect of the complex micro organism fungicide of the preparation of embodiment 2：Under conditions of environment temperature is 12-20 DEG C,
Load native 45kg in reaction unit, by maize straw 5kg, urea 0.05g and the composite microbial bacteria prepared according to embodiment 1
Agent 200g puts into plastic knitting and is buried in the earth, and moisture control determines maize straw dry weight, utilizes weight 60% after banking up 8 days
Than calculate maize straw degradation rate be 49.6%, maize straw decomposed blackening.
The application effect of the complex micro organism fungicide of the preparation of embodiment 3：Under conditions of environment temperature is 12-20 DEG C,
Load native 45kg in reaction unit, by maize straw 5kg, urea 0.05g and the composite microbial bacteria prepared according to embodiment 1
Agent 200g puts into plastic knitting and is buried in the earth, and moisture control determines maize straw dry weight, utilizes weight 60% after banking up 7 days
Than calculate maize straw degradation rate be 48.6%, maize straw decomposed blackening.
Because the main component of maize straw is cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the complex micro organism fungicide
Be mainly used to decompose these materials, so in the microbial inoculum, bacillus subtilis can with degraded cellulose, carbohydrate and starch etc.,
And there is certain resistant effect；Trichoderma viride can produce a variety of enzyme systems with bioactivity, and institute's cellulase-producing activity is most
Height, there is extraordinary degradation to crops, while Trichoderma viride is a kind of antagonistic microbe again, it is anti-in plant pathology biology
Play an important roll in controlling, there are the double effects of protection and curative effect, can effectively prevent soil-borne disease；Streptomyces griseus can be with
Degraded cellulose and hemicellulose, also certain resistant effect and the effect for promoting plant growth；Phanerochaete chrysosporium can
With lignin degrading；Aspergillus oryzae can be with degraded cellulose and hemicellulose；Saccharomycete has certain catalytic action, and because
When maize straw is degraded by microorganisms, some organic acids can be produced, is used for neutralizing organic acid so adding appropriate lime, promotes micro-
Biodegradation, increase soil fertility.
Because present invention is generally directed to the maize straw of north, northern field is generally corn and broadcast by turns with wheat
Kind, so influence of the Corn diseases and insect pests to wheat is smaller, so being directed to the influence after maize straw to wheat root emphatically.
In summary, the present invention can accelerate the degradation speed of organic matter in maize straw, make the harvested stalk of corn
Fast degradation, the growth of follow-up crops is not influenceed, the nutrient in maize straw is decomposed in soil, carried for follow-up crops
Support point, while also certain disease resisting effect, prevent the root disease of follow-up crops, the microorganism selection in the present invention is equal
For most common strain in each mushroom, so cheap, making is simple, while equilibrium selection decomposition of cellulose, hemicellulose
The microorganism of element and lignin, allows the various materials in maize straw synchronously to decompose, and microorganism not only decomposes maize straw,
Also make soil that there is to provide disease-resistant protection, pre- disease prevention and promoting and grow follow-up crop growth, also lime can be with
And, field is set to be more suitable for the growth of follow-up crops in being used for when microorganism decomposition produces organic acid.
Disclosed above is only several specific embodiments of the present invention, and still, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, is appointed
What what those skilled in the art can think change should all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. complex micro organism fungicide for maize straw, it is characterised in that it by following percentage by weight original Material is formulated：
- 2. complex micro organism fungicide as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the concentration of the bacillus subtilis culture For 6.0 × 108-1.2×1010Cfu/g, the concentration of the Trichoderma viride culture is 1.2 × 106-2.1×108Cfu/g, it is described The concentration of streptomyces griseus culture is 1.8 × 106-2.1×108Cfu/g, the concentration of the Phanerochaete chrysosporium culture For 1.2 × 104-2.1×106Cfu/g, the concentration of the aspergillus oryzae culture is 1.2 × 104-2.1×106Cfu/g, the ferment The concentration of female bacterium culture is 1.8 × 106-2.1×108cfu/g。
- A kind of 3. preparation method of complex micro organism fungicide in claim 1, it is characterised in that the following institute of preparation method Show：1), the independent expansion culture of major strain：(1) culture of bacillus subtilis：In 15 DEG C of -40 DEG C of insulating boxs, first by Bacillus subtilis strain in sterile bar It is inoculated on nutrient agar inclined-plane, cultivates 24 hours under part, it is then that cultured bacillus subtilis is sterile It is inoculated into nutrient broth medium, rotating speed is 120-200r/min shaken cultivations 24 hours, and then aseptic inoculation is in fermentation tank In, cultivate 48 hours, on last aseptic inoculation to solid medium, cultivate 48 hours；(2) culture of Trichoderma viride：In 10 DEG C of -38 DEG C of insulating boxs, Trichoderma viride strain is aseptically inoculated with first In on nutrient agar inclined-plane, cultivate 24 hours, then by cultured Trichoderma viride aseptic inoculation to nutrient meat In soup culture medium, rotating speed is 120-200r/min shaken cultivations 24 hours, and then for aseptic inoculation in fermentation tank, culture 48 is small When, on last aseptic inoculation to solid medium, cultivate 48 hours；(3) culture of streptomyces griseus：In 15 DEG C of -40 DEG C of insulating boxs, first by streptomyces griseus strain aseptically It is inoculated on nutrient agar inclined-plane, cultivates 24 hours, then arrive cultured streptomyces griseus aseptic inoculation In nutrient broth medium, cultivate 24 hours, then aseptic inoculation is in fermentation tank, and culture 48 hours, last aseptic inoculation arrives On solid medium, cultivate 48 hours；(4) culture of Phanerochaete chrysosporium：In 15 DEG C of -40 DEG C of insulating boxs, first by Phanerochaete chrysosporium strain in nothing It is inoculated on nutrient agar inclined-plane, cultivates 24 hours, then by cultured yellow archespore Mao Pingge under the conditions of bacterium For bacterium aseptic inoculation into nutrient broth medium, rotating speed is 120-200r/min shaken cultivations 24 hours, then aseptic inoculation in In fermentation tank, cultivate 48 hours, on last aseptic inoculation to solid medium, cultivate 48 hours；(5) culture of aspergillus oryzae：In 10 DEG C of -35 DEG C of insulating boxs, aspergillus oryzae strain is aseptically inoculated in battalion first Support on agar medium inclined-plane, cultivate 24 hours, then by cultured aspergillus oryzae aseptic inoculation to nutrient broth culture In base, rotating speed is 120-200r/min shaken cultivations 24 hours, and then aseptic inoculation is in fermentation tank, culture 48 hours, finally Aseptic inoculation is cultivated 48 hours on solid medium；(6) culture of saccharomycete：In 12 DEG C of -36 DEG C of insulating boxs, yeast seeds are aseptically inoculated in ferment first On female cream peptone glucose nutrient agar inclined-plane, cultivate 24 hours, then by cultured saccharomycete aseptic inoculation Into soya-bean milk, rotating speed is 120-200r/min shaken cultivations 24 hours, and then aseptic inoculation is cultivated 48 hours in fermentation tank, Last aseptic inoculation is cultivated 48 hours on solid medium；2), major strain is mixed：Cultured strain is mixed according to following percentage by weight, and stirred, and is inoculated with In fermentation tank, cultivate 48 hours；3), dry packing：After thing mixed above is carried out air drying, crushed, add appropriate lime and packed, it is as multiple Close microorganism formulation.
- 4. preparation method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the composition of the nutrient agar is peptone 10g, beef extract 3g, sodium chloride 5g, agar 15g, 1000ml is added water to, it is 7.4 to adjust PH, final high temperature sterilizing.
- 5. preparation method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the composition of the nutrient broth medium is peptone 10g, powdered beef 3g, sodium chloride 5g, 1000ml is added water to, it is 7.2 to adjust PH, final high temperature sterilizing.
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| CN110857431A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-03-03 | 吉林农业大学 | Composite microbial agent containing bacillus licheniformis and used for degrading straw and application thereof |
| CN110938574A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-31 | 黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所 | Corn straw decomposition microbial inoculum |
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| CN110857431A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-03-03 | 吉林农业大学 | Composite microbial agent containing bacillus licheniformis and used for degrading straw and application thereof |
| CN110857431B (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2022-09-13 | 吉林农业大学 | Composite microbial agent containing bacillus licheniformis and used for degrading straw and application thereof |
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