CN107335051A - 一种保护慢性心衰肾功能的药物组合物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种保护慢性心衰肾功能的药物组合物,该药物组合物由安体舒通和松弛素按质量比15000:1混合组成。本发明确定了联合安体舒通和松弛素在慢性心衰中的肾脏保护作用,研究结果表明在发生心肌纤维化的模型中,该联合方案显著改善心功能、心肌肥厚、纤维化,保护肾脏,效果优于单药治疗。心肾综合征(Cardio‑renalsyndrome,CRS)即心脏或肾脏对另一器官的损害不能代偿时,互为因果,形成恶性循环,最终加速心脏和肾脏功能的共同损害和衰竭。慢性心衰过程中伴随肾脏损害,因此,本发明提出的采用安体舒通和松弛素混合而成的药物组合物为慢性心衰过程中肾脏保护提供了一种新思路。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药学领域,具体而言,涉及一种保护慢性心衰肾功能的药物组合物。
背景技术
慢性心力衰竭(Chronic cardiac failure,CHF)是许多心血管疾病如心肌梗死、心肌病、高血压心脏病发生发展的最终阶段,而心力衰竭的发生则与心脏的逐步纤维化有关。心肌纤维化是指在心肌的正常组织结构中胶原纤维过量积聚,心脏组织中胶原浓度和胶原容积分数显著增加或胶原成分发生改变。胶原纤维使心室壁的顺应性下降,僵硬度增加,舒张期充盈受限;冠状动脉的纤维化,使得管壁增厚,管腔狭窄,弹性降低,心肌细胞血供减少;心肌细胞坏死和瘢痕形成损害心肌的收缩功能。此外,心肌组织的电传导异常,导致心律失常的发生。慢性心力衰竭是大部分心血管疾病发展的最终阶段,是目前全世界范围内危及健康的主要问题之一,其药物研究应用前景广泛。
心肾综合征(Cardio-renalsyndrome,CRS)即心脏或肾脏对另一器官的损害不能代偿时,互为因果,形成恶性循环,最终加速心脏和肾脏功能的共同损害和衰竭。1型心肾综合征(CRS1)的特点是心功能急性恶化的患者继发急性肾脏损伤(Acute kidney injury,AKI)和肾功能不全。心力衰竭的直接或间接效应可导致急性肾损伤和功能障碍。II型为慢性心功能不全导致的慢性肾功能不全。肾功能损害可增加患者短期和远期的死亡率,而这种改变与心脏、肾脏的纤维化存在密切联系。心肾器官的急性和慢性损伤可引起免疫细胞内细胞信号蛋白表达增加,促进炎性细胞浸润,并活化成纤维细胞促使I、III型胶原沉积,最终导致细胞外基质增多和心脏与肾脏不可逆的纤维化。因此,心肾综合征机制研究和开发有效的抗纤维化的药物是目前心功能衰竭及肾功能衰竭研究领域的难点和热点。
循环和局部肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统参与了心肌纤维化的应答。肾血管性高血压动物模型,即结扎一侧肾动脉,可导致循环RAS系统显著升高,左、右心室均出现纤维化。而部分结扎肾动脉以下腹主动脉,这种高血压以压力负荷增加为特点,不伴明显RAS系统的激活,则观察不到早期纤维化反应。这说明RAS系统在心肌纤维化发生过程中起着重要作用。在RAS系统中,血管紧张素II与醛固酮对心肌纤维化作用机制不同,心肌纤维化反应在输注醛固酮3周后才开始出现,而输注血管紧张素II只需3-4天后即出现明显的心肌纤维化。推测醛固酮对心肌纤维化的作用不是直接的。更进一步研究发现,循环血管紧张素II升高,不论是外源性(经注射途径)或是内源性的(对肾缺血的反应),与早期心肌坏死继而出现修复性纤维化有关。而醛固酮应用出现较晚期修复性纤维化,它本身不直接导致心肌细胞坏死。此外,大鼠皮下输注醛固酮和盐饲个月后,肾血管性高血压和醛固酮输注引起的高血压模型中,醛固酮受体拮抗剂—螺内酯在不降低血压的情况下,仍具有抗纤维化的作用。这说明血管紧张素II与醛固酮导致修复性纤维化(本质是心肌细胞坏死)的作用机制不同。它们对纤维胶原的代谢影响也可能存在差别。
近年来,心衰机制的研究中肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS)的作用受到广泛认同,干预在心衰发生和发展过程中被过度激活的RAAS系统的治疗取得了成功。但是足量的转换酶抑制剂对醛固酮的抑制也是暂时的,高达40%的患者在抗血管紧张素II治疗中出现醛固酮逃逸。醛固酮刺激蛋白合成,其增多的骨胶原蛋白是心肌纤维化和心血管重构的重要因素。醛固酮逃逸使心衰的治疗效果降低,使用其拮抗剂可进一步降低心衰的总病死率。因此,抗醛固酮治疗在心衰治疗中具有重要作用。
安体舒通与醛固酮有类似的化学结构,两者在远曲小管和集合管的皮质部位起竞争作用,是在细胞膜的盐皮质激素受体的水平上发生直接的拮抗作用,从而拮抗醛固酮作用。研究发现,安体舒通具有抗心肌纤维化作用,能够降低心衰患者死亡率,是目前临床最常用的醛固酮受体拮抗剂。
多项研究已证实醛固酮在肾脏疾病的氧化应激,炎性反应和纤维化过程中的重要性。在慢性肾脏疾病早期阶段患者用螺内酯治疗的第一个月中,通过严密监测肾功能和电解质,发现使用螺内酯是安全的。在慢性心衰大鼠模型中,安体舒通减少肾脏炎细胞浸润,减少纤维化,保护肾脏。
此外,安体舒通价格便宜,具有保钾利尿的作用,临床应用广泛并且常与其他药物联合应用。
松弛素(relaxin),于1926年Frederick Hisaw在研究妊娠期间骨盆带变化时首次发现,可引起耻骨韧带的明显松弛,故而得名。目前已明确,松弛素不仅在妊娠过程中具有重要作用,而且对非妊娠动物的血管结构和功能等也可产生重要影响。研究发现松弛素可刺激一氧化氮和cAMP的合成,具有扩张血管,降解胶原,调节液体平衡及阻碍血小板聚集的系列生物功能。
在患充血性心力衰竭患者的心房和心室肌中,内源性松弛素均可持续高表达。慢性主动脉弓缩窄的小鼠肥大左室中松弛素的表达增加了3-5倍。在异丙基肾上腺素诱导的大鼠心肌缺血损伤模型中,心肌和血浆中的松弛素水平以及心肌松弛素的mRNA表达均明显升高。自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rat,SHR)心脏的松弛素mRNA和蛋白水平均显著升高。松弛素在心血管系统中的作用已开展了广泛的研究,其具有对左心房正性变频及变力的效应,扩张血管降低血压,保护和调节心肌肥大,参与心肌梗塞后的修复与再生等作用。研究已证实松弛素可降低多种心肌病模型(如松弛素基因缺陷;心脏过表达β2肾上腺素受体和高血压)的左室纤维化。最近,松弛素也被证实可减轻大剂量异丙基肾上腺素诱导的心肌缺血性损伤模型中的心脏纤维化。这些研究证明松弛素是一种有效的抗纤维化因子。
松弛素对肾脏的保护作用已在不同实验模型证实。小鼠敲除松弛素基因后导致肾脏肥大、功能障碍和纤维化,外源性松弛素治疗改善肾小球和肾小管纤维化。松弛素改善老龄大鼠肾小球硬化,减少肾功能损伤。松弛素在肾脏乳头状坏死模型、血管紧张素II诱导的高血压模型和肾小球基底膜疾病模型中起到抗纤维化作用,此外,松弛素还具有增加肾脏血流,改善肾小球滤过率的作用。
本研究小组的前期研究证实了松弛素的抗心肌纤维化作用及保护肾脏作用,且证明其抗纤维化作用呈剂量依赖性。松弛素有望被用于人类心脏纤维化性疾病的治疗,并同时保护肾脏。目前松弛素价格昂贵,需考虑药物联合治疗,减少松弛素用量。因此,安体舒通及松弛素联合治疗方案为慢性心衰治疗的肾脏保护提供了一种新思路。
近来,内皮-肌成纤维细胞转化或内皮-间充质转化(Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition,EndMT)已被证实可促进纤维化。与内皮肌成纤维细胞转变类似,在EndMT过程中,内皮细胞逐渐失去其自身特点,细胞形态变为细长的纺锤型,并逐渐获得增殖、迁移和合成胶原等间充质细胞的表型特点。EndMT过程中涉及许多特异性生化因子的改变,主要包括内皮细胞标志如血小板-内皮细胞粘附分子(Platelet endothelial celladhesion molecule-1,CD31),血管内皮钙黏蛋白(vascular endothelial cadherin,VE—cadaerin),血管性血友病因子(vonWillibrandfactor,vWF)的表达下调,间质细胞标志如α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-smooth muscle actin,α-SMA),波形蛋白(Vimentin)和成纤维细胞特异性蛋白(Fibroblast specific protein1,FSP1)的表达上调,通过这些细胞标志物的改变可证实EndMT的存在。而转化生长因子-β(Transcription grower factor-β,TGF-β)具有促进及诱导EndMT现象产生的作用。在肺纤维化、肝纤维化、角膜纤维化、肠纤维化、伤口愈合、心脏纤维化和肾纤维化等多种疾病中,均发现存在EndMT并参与了纤维化的发生发。zeisberg等首次证实EndMT可导致肾脏纤维化,他们在三种肾纤维化模型中都发现,有相当一部分肌成纤维细胞可同时表达内皮细胞标志物CD31(又称血小板内皮细胞粘附分子-1)及间质细胞标记物α-SMA、成纤维细胞特异性蛋白-1。李等也证实在糖尿病肾脏纤维化早期存在EndMT并可促进肌成纤维细胞的产生。因此,EndMT为心肾综合征的机制研究提供了新的方向。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于对慢性心衰过程中肾脏保护提供一种保护慢性心衰肾功能的药物组合物。安体舒通具有心脏、肾脏保护作用,且价格便宜,临床应用广泛。松弛素同样具有心脏、肾脏保护作用,其抗纤维化作用呈剂量依赖性,目前松弛素价格昂贵,需考虑药物联合治疗,减少松弛素用量。本发明提供的保护慢性心衰肾功能的药物组合物,由安体舒通和松弛素按质量比15000:1混合组成。
本发明药物组合物的治疗效果优于单药治疗,本发明在发生心肌纤维化的模型中,安体舒通与松弛素联合应用具有抗心肌纤维化作用。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明药物组合物由安体舒通和松弛素按质量比15000:1混合组成,它是含有效剂量的安体舒通和小剂量范围的松弛素的联合运用。该药物组合物具有心功能保护作用,肾脏保护作用,通过抑制EndMT机制保护肾脏功能,为心肾综合征的治疗提供了新的思路。
附图说明
图1,安体舒通及松弛素组合而成的药物组合物在慢性心衰模型中升高LVSP、+dp/dtmax、-dp/dtmax,降低LVEDP,效果优于单药治疗;实验分组:空白组(Control);模型组(Iso);安体舒通组(Iso+SP);松弛组组(Iso+RLX);联合治疗组(Iso+SP+RLX)。
图2,安体舒通及松弛素组合而成的药物组合物在慢性心衰模型中减少左心室质量指数(LVWI),右心室质量指数(RVWI)及肾脏质量指数(KWI)(P<0.05),效果优于单药治疗(P<0.05)。
图3,安体舒通及松弛素组合而成的药物组合物在慢性心衰模型中减少心肌组织间质增生、心肌排列紊乱、心肌细胞肥厚、空泡形成,炎细胞浸润(图3A),减少肾脏组织肾小管上皮细胞空泡变性,纤维增生及炎细胞浸润(图3B),效果优于单药治疗。
图4,安体舒通及松弛素组合而成的药物组合物在慢性心衰模型中减少心肌组织中蓝色纤维组织面积(图4A,C)及肾脏组织中蓝色纤维组织面积(图4B,D)(P<0.01),减少心肌组织内collagen Ⅰ及collagen III含量(图4E)及肾脏组织内collagen Ⅰ及collagenIII含量(图4F)(P<0.01)。联合治疗方案效果优于单药治疗(P<0.05)。
图5,安体舒通及松弛素组合而成的药物组合物在慢性心衰模型中增加肾脏血小板-内皮细胞粘附分子荧光信号(Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1,CD31),减少α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-smooth muscle actin,α-SMA)荧光信号(图5A,B)(P<0.01),增加CD31蛋白表达,减少α-SMA和TGF-β蛋白表达(图5C,D和E)(P<0.01),提示该药物组合物抑制肾脏内皮-间充质转化(Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition,EndMT)现象,效果优于单药治疗(P<0.01)。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
本发明通过试验确定了安体舒通及松弛素组合而成的药物组合物在慢性心衰中的肾脏保护作用。
一、安体舒通及松弛素组合而成的药物组合物保护心功能,效果优于单药治疗。
(1)本发明利用异丙肾上腺素建立慢性心力衰竭心脏纤维化动物模型。
(2)动物分组:本发明选取50只雄性SD大鼠适应性喂养一周后随机分为5组:对照组,模型组,安体舒通组,松弛素组和联合治疗组。
(3)各组心脏功能评价:本发明中大鼠予右颈动脉插管记录分析LVSP、LVEDP、+dp/dtmax及-dp/dtmax。结果表明:慢性心衰模型组LVSP、+dp/dtmax、-dp/dtmax降低,LVEDP升高。药物组合物改善异丙肾上腺素对心功能的影响,效果优于单药治疗(图1)。
(4)测量左右心室质量指数:本发明中大鼠行左心室质量指数(LVWI),右心室质量指数(RVWI)测量。结果表明:慢性心衰模型组LVWI、RVWI升高。药物组合物改善异丙肾上腺素对左右心室质量指数的影响,效果优于单药治疗(图2A,B)。
(5)各组心肌组织学观察:本发明中心肌组织行HE染色。结果表明:慢性心衰模型组见广泛的间质增生,心肌排列紊乱、心肌细胞肥厚、空泡形成,炎细胞浸润。药物组合物改善异丙肾上腺素引起的心肌组织学改变,效果优于单药治疗(图3A)。
(6)各组左室纤维化评价:
本发明中行Masson‘trichome染色光镜下测定左室纤维化面积。结果表明:慢性心衰模型组见大量蓝色纤维化组织。药物组合物减少左室纤维化面积,效果优于单药治疗(图4A,C)。
本发明中行心肌组织内collagen Ⅰ及collagen III含量测定。结果表明:慢性心衰模型组心肌组织内collagen Ⅰ及collagen III含量升高。药物组合物减少慢性心衰模型中心肌组织内collagen Ⅰ及collagen III含量,效果优于单药治疗(图4E)。
二、安体舒通及松弛素组合而成的药物组合物保护肾功能,效果优于单药治疗。
(1)测量肾脏质量指数:本实验中取双肾称量,计算肾脏质量指数(KWI,mg/g)。结果表明:慢性心衰模型组肾脏质量指数升高。药物组合物减少慢性心衰模型中的肾脏质量指数变化,效果优于单药治疗(图2C)。
(2)各组肾脏组织学观察:本实验中行HE染色法观察肾脏组织学改变。结果表明:慢性心衰模型组肾小管上皮细胞空泡变性,纤维增生及炎细胞浸润。药物组合物减少慢性心衰模型中的肾脏组织学变化,效果优于单药治疗(图3B)。
(3)各组肾脏纤维化评价:
Masson‘trichome染色光镜下测定肾脏纤维化面积。结果表明:慢性心衰模型组肾脏中见大量蓝色纤维化组织。药物组合物减少慢性心衰模型中的肾脏纤维化面积,效果优于单药治疗(图4B,D)。
ELISA法测定肾脏组织内collagen Ⅰ及collagen III含量。结果表明:慢性心衰模型组肾脏组织内collagen Ⅰ及collagen III含量升高。药物组合物减少慢性心衰模型中肾脏组织内collagen Ⅰ及collagen III含量,效果优于单药治疗(图4F)。
三、安体舒通及松弛素组合而成的药物组合物在慢性心衰模型中抑制肾脏EndMT现象,效果优于单药治疗。
(1)荧光免疫观察各组肾脏组织CD31、α-SMA表达:免疫荧光法检测内皮细胞中α-SMA(纤维性标记蛋白)及CD31(内皮性标记蛋白)的表达以观察EndMT现象。结果表明:慢性心衰模型组肾脏组织内CD31表达减少,α-SMA增加,提示存在EndMT现象。药物组合物改善慢性心衰模型中的EndMT现象,效果优于单药治疗(图5A,B)。
(2)Western blot法检测各组肾脏组织TGF-β、CD31、α-SMA的表达。结果表明:慢性心衰模型组肾脏组织内CD31表达减少,TGF-β、α-SMA增加,提示存在EndMT现象。药物组合物改善慢性心衰模型中的EndMT现象,效果优于单药治疗(图C,D和E)。
具体实现如下:
1)实验动物及实验环境条件。
健康雄性SD大鼠(约6周)50只,体重200g-220g,标准啮齿类动物饲料进行喂养。实验环境完全符合国际动物保护协会规定的标准,达到小动物生活所必需的基本空间要求。
2)动物模型建立:利用异丙肾上腺素法建立大鼠慢性心衰模型。
3)动物分组:清洁级Wistar雄性大鼠50只,体质量(220±10)g,随机分为5组。模型组:大鼠背部皮下注射异丙肾上腺素,5mg/kg/d,共7天。对照组予等同量的生理盐水。安体舒通组:大鼠灌胃给药30mg/kg/d,共21天。松弛素组:大鼠皮下注射给药2ug/kg/d,共21天。联合治疗组:大鼠安体舒通灌胃给药,30mg/kg/d,松弛素皮下注射给药2ug/kg/d(安体舒通和松弛素按质量比15000:1),共21天。
4)各组心脏功能评价:大鼠称重后,1%的戊巴比妥钠腹腔注射麻醉。大鼠固定于鼠板,颈部去毛备皮,分离右颈动脉,插入充满0.05%肝素生理盐水的导管至左心室,另一端接压力换能器输入多媒体生物信号记录仪,记录分析LVSP、LVEDP、+dp/dtmax及-dp/dtmax。
5)测量左右心室质量指数:大鼠取血后左心室灌注入4℃预冷的生理盐水至心脏和肾脏变苍白后,取出心脏称量。左心室质量除以体重计为左心室质量指数(LVWI),右心室质量除以体重计为右心室质量指数(RVWI)。
6)各组心肌组织学观察:心肌组织行HE染色,观察其病理变化。取左心室心尖部少量组织(约80mg),甲醛固定,常规脱水、石蜡包埋。剩余部分装入无菌冻存管并立即放入液氮中速冻保存,转入-80℃冰箱以用于其他检测项目。
石蜡包埋过程:
⑴4℃,4%多聚甲醛固定,24h;
⑵清水冲洗;
⑶50%乙醇30min;
⑷75%乙醇30min;
⑸85%乙醇30min;
⑹95%乙醇40min;
⑺95%乙醇40min;
⑻100%乙醇Ⅰ 40min;
⑼100%乙醇Ⅱ 40min;
⑽二甲苯I浸泡30min;二甲苯II浸泡30min;
⑾石蜡I,浸蜡2h;石蜡II,浸蜡2h;
⑿标本包埋;
HE染色步骤:
⑴石蜡切片制作,厚度约4μm;
⑵常规脱蜡水化(100%二甲苯液I、II脱蜡各15min,100%乙醇I、II,95%乙醇I、II,90%,80%乙醇水化各5min,超纯水洗2min*2次);
⑶苏木素染色3min;
⑷超纯水洗5分钟;
⑸1%盐酸酒精分化约5秒;
⑹超纯水冲洗后镜检,观察细胞核染色情况;
⑺超纯水洗5分钟;
⑻伊红染色5min;
⑼超纯水冲洗;
⑽脱水,透明,封片;
7)各组心肌组织胶原面积检测:
心肌组织石蜡切片行Masson染色,在Masson染色下心肌细胞呈红色,胶原呈蓝色,细胞核呈黑色。显微镜下观察心肌间质纤维化并于200倍视野下随机选取5个不重复的视野并拍照。采用Image-Pro Plus软件,测量心肌胶原面积,取平均值,数值越大纤维化越明显。
Masson染色步骤:
⑴石蜡切片制作,厚度约4μm;
⑵常规脱蜡水化;
⑶60℃包式液固定2h;
⑷超纯水洗5分钟*2次;
⑸苏木素染5分钟;
⑹超纯水洗5分钟*2次;
⑺丽春红酸性品红染3分钟;
⑻超纯水洗3分钟;
⑼1%磷钼酸中染10分钟;
⑽不用水洗直接入苯胺蓝液10分钟,镜下观察纤维组织颜色;
⑾超纯水洗3分钟;
⑿快速脱水,二甲苯透明,封固;
8)各组心肌组织内collagen Ⅰ及collagen III含量测定:100mg心肌组织剪碎并加入PBS(PH7.4)1ml,充分匀浆。离心20分钟左右(3000转/分)。收集上清。按ELISA试剂盒说明书进行测定:
⑴准备:从冰箱中取出试剂盒,室温复温平衡30分钟;
⑵加入标准品和待测的样本:设置标准品孔、空白对照孔和待测样本孔,标准品孔中加入标准品50μL;待测样本孔中加入待测样本10μL,再加入样本稀释液40μL(即将样本稀释5倍);空白对照孔不加;
⑶温育:恒温箱温育30min;
⑷洗板:洗涤液反复洗涤4-6次,向滤纸上印干;
⑸加酶标工作液:每孔加入酶标工作液50μL,空白对照孔不加;
⑹温育:恒温箱温育30min;
⑺洗板:同上;
⑻显色:每孔加入显色剂A液50μL,再加入显色剂B液50μL,轻轻震荡混匀30s;
⑼终止:每孔加终止液50μL,终止反应;
⑽测定:以空白孔调零,反应终止后30分钟内,用450nm波长测量各孔的吸光值;
⑾计算:根据标准品浓度及相对应的OD值,计算标准曲线直线回归方程,根据样本的OD值,利用回归方程计算样品的浓度;最终浓度为实际测定浓度乘以稀释倍数;
9)各组肾脏质量指数评价:取双肾称量,平均值(mg)与体质量(g)之比为即为肾脏质量指数(mg/g)。
10)各组肾脏组织学观察:HE染色法观察肾脏组织学改变。取肾脏少量组织(约80mg),甲醛固定,常规脱水、石蜡包埋。剩余部分装入无菌冻存管并立即放入液氮中速冻保存,转入-80℃冰箱以用于其他检测项目。
HE染色步骤:
⑴石蜡切片制作,厚度约4μm;
⑵常规脱蜡水化(100%二甲苯液I、II脱蜡各15min,100%乙醇I、II,95%乙醇I、II,90%,80%乙醇水化各5min,超纯水洗2min*2次);
⑶苏木素染色3min;
⑷超纯水洗5分钟;
⑸1%盐酸酒精分化约5秒;
⑹超纯水冲洗后镜检,观察细胞核染色情况;
⑺超纯水洗5分钟;
⑻伊红染色5min;
⑼超纯水冲洗;
⑽脱水,透明,封片;
11)各组肾脏组织胶原面积检测:肾脏石蜡切片行Masson染色,测量肾脏胶原面积,取平均值,数值越大纤维化越明显。
12)各组肾脏组织内collagen Ⅰ及collagen III含量测定。100mg肾脏组织剪碎并加入PBS(PH7.4)1ml,充分匀浆。离心20分钟左右(3000转/分)。收集上清。按ELISA试剂盒说明书进行测定。
13)各组肾脏内皮细胞间质化的评价:
(1)荧光免疫观察各组肾脏组织CD31、α-SMA荧光信号。本研究用免疫荧光法检测内皮细胞中α–sma(纤维性标记蛋白)及CD31(内皮性标记蛋白)的表达以观察EndMT现象。
免疫荧光步骤:
①石蜡切片制作,厚度约4μm;
②石蜡切片60℃烘烤2h;
③常规脱蜡水化;
④柠檬酸盐抗原修复液(pH=6.0)高压抗原修复3min,自然冷却,0.1M PBS洗2min*3次;
⑤3%H2O2孵育10min,0.1M PBS洗2min*3次;
⑥10%胎牛血清室温孵育30min,甩干;
⑦滴加混合一抗(α–sma抗体,博士德,稀释浓度1:100;CD31抗体,Abcam,稀释浓度1:30),4℃过夜,0.1M PBS洗5min*3次;
⑧滴加混合荧光二抗(1:300),37℃避光孵育2h,0.1M PBS洗5min*6次,抗荧光淬灭封片剂封片。
(2)WB测α–sma、CD31、TGF-β表达。
主要溶液配制:
①6%分离胶5ml
超纯水2.0ml
30%Acr-Bis(29:1)1.0ml
1M Tris,pH8.8 1.9ml
10%SDS 0.05ml
10%过硫酸铵0.05ml
TEMED 0.004ml
混匀后立即使用
②10%胶5ml
超纯水1.3ml
30%Acr-Bis(29:1)1.7ml
1M Tris,pH8.8 1.9ml
10%SDS 0.05ml
10%过硫酸铵0.05ml
TEMED 0.002ml
混匀后立即使用
③5%浓缩胶2ml
超纯水1.4ml
30%Acr-Bis(29:1)0.33ml
1M Tris,pH6.8 0.25ml
10%SDS 0.02ml
10%过硫酸铵0.02ml
TEMED 0.002ml
混匀后立即使用
④电泳缓冲液:
Tris 3.03g
甘氨酸14.4g
SDS lg
超纯水溶解至1000ml。
⑤转移缓冲液:
Tris 3g
SDS lg
甘氨酸14.4g
甲醇200mL
超纯水定容至lOOOmL,最多重复使用4次。
⑥5XTBS缓冲液:
Tris 12.1g
NaCl 40g
超纯水溶解,浓HCl调PH值至7左右,定容至lOOOmL。
⑦TBST缓冲液
20%Tween20 1ml
TBS 100ml
混匀后即可使用,最好现用现配。
⑧5%脱脂牛奶
脱脂奶粉5g
TBST 100ml
溶解后4℃保存。使用时,恢复室温、过滤后一次性使用。
WB实验步骤
⑴组织中总蛋白提取:
①取100mg组织块置于1~2ml匀浆器球状部位,用剪刀将组织尽量剪碎。
②加1000μl裂解液裂及10ul PMSF于匀浆器中,置于冰上进行充分匀浆。
③冰上裂解1h,转入1.5ml离心管中,4℃下12000rpm离心5min,取上清分装于0.5ml离心管后-80℃保存。
⑵BCA法测定总蛋白含
⑶SDS-PAGE电泳
配制6%或10%SDS-PAGE分离胶用于不同蛋白检测,配置4%浓缩胶,缓慢灌注制胶,室温下静置凝固。将制备好的凝胶玻璃板固定于凝胶电泳仪上,电泳仪的上下两槽分别加入电泳缓冲液。小心拔去加样梳。计算含50μg蛋白的溶液体积为上样量。加入5*SDS上样缓冲液至终浓度为1*,沸水浴10min使蛋白充分变性。分别加入各样品及蛋白质分子量Marker,以1*样品缓冲液配平上样体积。初始为70V恒压电泳至maker蛋白分层后改120V恒压电泳加快电泳速度。电泳至溴酚兰跑出凝胶。
⑷转膜:取出胶板,切除浓缩胶。剪取同胶尺寸相同的PVDF膜,按阴极-滤纸-胶-PVDF膜-滤纸-阳极顺序放置于蛋白质转移槽夹板中,以300mA恒流,电转90min。
⑸封闭:5%脱脂牛奶封闭1h。
⑹免疫反应:封闭结束后,用TBST洗膜10min*3次,将膜移入清洁抗体孵育盒中,加入一抗稀释液(CD31抗体,Santa,稀释浓度1:1000;稀释浓度1:1000;α-SMA抗体,Wuhanboshide,稀释浓度1:1000;TGF-β1抗体,Bioworld Technology,稀释浓度1:1000;GAPDH抗体,Bioworld Technology,稀释浓度1:5000),盖上盒盖,胶布封口,4℃摇床孵育过夜;TBST洗膜10min*3次;再次将PVDF膜移入清洁抗体孵育盒中,加入稀释的辣根过氧化物酶标记的二抗(辣根过氧化物酶标记羊抗兔IgG,Bioworld Technology,稀释浓度1:5000—1:10000),室温孵育2h;TBST洗膜15min*3次;将PVDF膜置于ECL发光液中,于室温下振荡5min。
⑺显影:凝胶成像分析系统检测并记录PVDF膜显像
⑻图像分析:
用Image-Pro Plus软件对扫描图象的目的条带进行灰度分析。
14)统计学处理
采用SPSS16.0统计分析软件进行数据处理,所得数据用均数士标准差 表示,单变量计量资料样本均数比较用单因素方差分析(One-wayANOVA),P<0.05为差异有统计学意义,P<0.01为差异非常显著。
上述实施例用来解释说明本发明,而不是对本发明进行限制,在本发明的精神和权利要求的保护范围内,对本发明作出的任何修改和改变,都落入本发明的保护范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种保护慢性心衰肾功能的药物组合物,其特征在于,由安体舒通和松弛素按质量比15000:1混合组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的保护慢性心衰肾功能的药物组合物,其特征在于,该药物组合物保护心功能。
3.根据权利要求1所述的保护慢性心衰肾功能的药物组合物,其特征在于,该药物组合物通过抑制内皮-间充质转化(Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition,EndMT)机制保护肾脏功能。
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