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CN107269831A - 纯电动汽车电控机械式自动变速器的单电机换挡机构 - Google Patents

纯电动汽车电控机械式自动变速器的单电机换挡机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107269831A
CN107269831A CN201710570344.XA CN201710570344A CN107269831A CN 107269831 A CN107269831 A CN 107269831A CN 201710570344 A CN201710570344 A CN 201710570344A CN 107269831 A CN107269831 A CN 107269831A
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shift
shift fork
cylindrical roller
shifting
roller body
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Inventor
程禹
张玉海
曲天雷
李雪松
路旭
刘文彬
徐建忠
陈伟
钟建明
李建磊
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Changchun Jieerjia Technology Co Ltd
Jilin University
Jilin Dongguang Aowei Automobile Brake System Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Changchun Jieerjia Technology Co Ltd
Jilin University
Jilin Dongguang Aowei Automobile Brake System Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710570344.XA priority Critical patent/CN107269831A/zh
Publication of CN107269831A publication Critical patent/CN107269831A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H61/00Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/26Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
    • F16H61/28Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
    • F16H61/32Electric motors , actuators or related electrical control means  therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H63/00Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/08Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism
    • F16H63/20Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism with preselection and subsequent movement of each final output mechanism by movement of the final actuating mechanism in two different ways, e.g. guided by a shift gate
    • F16H63/22Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism with preselection and subsequent movement of each final output mechanism by movement of the final actuating mechanism in two different ways, e.g. guided by a shift gate the final output mechanisms being simultaneously moved by the final actuating mechanism
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H63/00Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H63/00Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/08Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism
    • F16H63/20Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism with preselection and subsequent movement of each final output mechanism by movement of the final actuating mechanism in two different ways, e.g. guided by a shift gate
    • F16H2063/202Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism with preselection and subsequent movement of each final output mechanism by movement of the final actuating mechanism in two different ways, e.g. guided by a shift gate using cam plates for selection or shifting, e.g. shift plates with recesses or groves moved by a selector extension

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种纯电动汽车电控机械式自动变速器的单电机换挡机构,它包括一与换挡电机驱动连接的圆柱辊体和三根一端固连有换挡拨杆、另一端固连有换挡拨叉的换挡拨叉轴;在圆柱辊体上设有沿轴向分布的三个环形凹槽,每个环形凹槽沿圆柱辊体外表面的平面展开图的轨迹2/3为与圆柱辊体轴线垂直的直线、其余为由两段弧形相反的弧线构成的S形曲线;两段弧线的弧顶至弧底的距离均为变速器之同步器行程的1/2;两两相邻环形凹槽的曲线段按圆周方向分别相对转动120度分布;三根换挡拨叉轴,其两端分别呈滑配合的设置在变速器壳体上,每根换挡拨叉轴上的换挡拨杆分别呈滑配合的插置在一环形凹槽中。该机构可实现直接换档,缩短换挡时间,提高换档精度。

Description

纯电动汽车电控机械式自动变速器的单电机换挡机构
技术领域
本发明涉及特别适用于纯电动汽车的电控机械式自动变速器的一种单电机换挡机构。
背景技术
目前,电控机械式自动变速器被广泛用于纯电动汽车上,电控机械式自动变速器的摘档、选档和挂档动作是由电控系统控制换挡电机,并通过换挡执行机构实现的。与传统汽车发动机相比较,纯电动汽车的驱动电机可以正反转,因而,电控机械式自动变速器不需要倒档。目前,纯电动汽车三档以上的电控机械式自动变速器,其换挡过程所需进行的摘档、选档和挂档三个动作,至少需要两个电机完成,其中一个电机负责选档,另一个电机负责摘档和挂档,采用双电机式或多电机式换挡方式,机械结构复杂,成本高。在换挡过程中,需经过选档和挂挡才完成换档动作,换档时间较长,换档精度低,另一方面,与单电机换挡相比,其双电机式或多电机式换挡方式的消耗电能也是不能忽略的缺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,为克服目前纯电动汽车的电控机械式自动变速器存在的上述缺陷,提出一种电动汽车电控机械式自动变速器的单电机换挡机构,以实现缩短换挡时间,提高换档精度,简化换挡机械结构,降低成本。
本发明电动汽车电控机械式自动变速器的单电机换挡机构,包括一换挡电机、与换挡电机驱动连接的圆柱辊体和三根一端固连有换挡拨杆、另一端固连有换挡拨叉的换挡拨叉轴;在所述圆柱辊体上设有沿轴向分布的三个环形凹槽,每个环形凹槽沿圆柱辊体外表面的平面展开图的轨迹2/3为与圆柱辊体轴线垂直的直线、其余为由两段弧形相反的弧线构成的S形曲线;两段弧线的弧顶至弧底的距离均为变速器之同步器行程的1/2;两两相邻环形凹槽的曲线段按圆周方向分别相对转动120度分布;
所述三根换挡拨叉轴,其两端分别呈滑配合的设置在变速器壳体上,每根换挡拨叉轴上的换挡拨杆分别呈滑配合的插置在一环形凹槽中。
本发明换挡机构的工作原理是:
将该机构安装在汽车变速器箱体上,将该机构中所述每根换挡拨叉轴上的换挡拨叉分别嵌置于变速器中各档位齿轮间的同步器上;当圆柱辊体转动时,换挡拨杆在环形凹槽运动轨迹的驱使下作轴向移动,进而带动换挡拨叉轴及换挡拨叉作轴向移动。当一根换挡拨叉轴上的换挡拨杆处在环形凹槽的直线段时,与该换挡拨叉轴上的换挡拨叉相对应嵌置的同步器呈非挂挡状态;当一根换挡拨叉轴上的换挡拨杆处在环形凹槽的S形曲线段的一侧弧顶时,与该换挡拨叉轴上的换挡拨叉相对应嵌置的同步器将该侧档位齿轮推向啮合挂挡状态;当该换挡拨杆处在环形凹槽的S形曲线段的另一侧弧顶时,同步器则将另一侧档位齿轮推向啮合挂挡状态。此时,由于另两根换挡拨叉轴上的换挡拨叉均处在其环形凹槽的直线段中,与该两根换挡拨叉轴上的换挡拨叉相对应嵌置的同步器均呈非挂挡状态。
本发明电动汽车电控机械式自动变速器的单电机换挡机构,具有以下显著的优异技术效果:
1.本发明电动汽车电控机械式自动变速器的单电机换挡机构,其换挡过程无需传统式的选档,换挡电机带动设有环形凹槽的圆柱辊体转动即可实现直接换档,可缩短换挡时间,提高换档精度。并极大地减化了动力装置的机械结构,确保换挡动作的可靠性,易于安装,维护方便,降低成本。
2.只需在传统平行轴式手动变速箱的结构上加装电控执行机构稍作升级改造即可,升级过程周期短,新增投资少,生产继承性好,大大降低了成本。
3.换档控制系统只需要结合换档规律控制一个电机的转动,可以简化换档控制系统,提高换档精度和换档品质,使其换挡更快速、精确、可靠。
附图说明
图1是一种电动汽车电控机械式自动变速器的单电机换挡机构的轴测示意图;
图2是图1中所示圆柱辊体2的局部结构示意图;
图3是图1中所示圆柱辊体2上的环形凹槽沿圆柱辊体外表面的平面展开图;
图4是图1中所示换挡拨杆4、换挡拨叉轴3和换挡拨叉5组合结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图给出的实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
参照图1至4,一种电动汽车电控机械式自动变速器的单电机换挡机构包括一换挡电机1、与换挡电机1驱动连接的圆柱辊体2和三根一端固连有换挡拨杆4、另一端固连有换挡拨叉5的换挡拨叉轴3;在所述圆柱辊体2上设有沿轴向分布的三个环形凹槽a、b、c,每个环形凹槽沿圆柱辊体2外表面的平面展开图的轨迹2/3为与圆柱辊体2轴线垂直的直线、其余为由两段弧形相反的弧线S1和S2构成的S形曲线;两段弧线S1和S2的弧顶至弧底的距离h均为变速器之同步器行程的1/2;两两相邻环形凹槽的曲线段按圆周方向分别相对转动120度分布;
所述三根换挡拨叉轴,其两端分别呈滑配合的设置在变速器壳体上,每根换挡拨叉轴上的换挡拨杆分别呈滑配合的插置在一环形凹槽中。当圆柱辊体2转动时,插置在环形凹槽中的换挡拨杆受环形凹槽驱动作轴向移动,则带动换挡拨叉轴及换挡拨叉作轴向移动,换挡拨叉推动同步器轴向移动,实现换挡。
显而易见,依本实施例所揭示的换挡机构,根据汽车档位需要可在所述的圆柱辊体2上设置n个环形凹槽,并对应设置n根换挡拨叉轴,各相邻环形凹槽的曲线段按圆周方向分别相对转动360/n度分布,即可配置于各种档位汽车的变速器上。以此作出的变形结构,均属本发明的同一构思,应在本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (1)

1.一种纯电动汽车电控机械式自动变速器的单电机换挡机构,其特征在于包括一换挡电机(1)、与换挡电机(1)驱动连接的圆柱辊体(2)和三根一端固连有换挡拨杆(4)、另一端固连有换挡拨叉(5)的换挡拨叉轴(3);在所述圆柱辊体(2)上设有沿轴向分布的三个环形凹槽(a、b、c),每个环形凹槽沿圆柱辊体(2)外表面的平面展开图的轨迹2/3为与圆柱辊体(2)轴线垂直的直线、其余为由两段弧形相反的弧线(S1和S2)构成的S形曲线;两段弧线(S1和S2)的弧顶至弧底的距离(h)均为变速器之同步器行程的1/2;两两相邻环形凹槽的曲线段按圆周方向分别相对转动120度分布;
所述三根换挡拨叉轴,其两端分别呈滑配合的设置在变速器壳体上,每根换挡拨叉轴上的换挡拨杆分别呈滑配合的插置在一环形凹槽中。
CN201710570344.XA 2017-07-13 2017-07-13 纯电动汽车电控机械式自动变速器的单电机换挡机构 Pending CN107269831A (zh)

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CN111173926A (zh) * 2018-11-09 2020-05-19 Zf腓特烈斯哈芬股份公司 变速器以及机动车
CN111878547A (zh) * 2020-06-12 2020-11-03 浙江哈克雷斯传动科技有限公司 一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动系统
CN114508568A (zh) * 2020-11-17 2022-05-17 华为数字能源技术有限公司 电动车的两档变速器及电动车

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JP2010144803A (ja) * 2008-12-17 2010-07-01 Ud Trucks Corp 歯車式変速機の変速装置
CN102072312A (zh) * 2011-01-14 2011-05-25 浙江万里扬变速器股份有限公司 汽车变速器换档执行机构
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111173926A (zh) * 2018-11-09 2020-05-19 Zf腓特烈斯哈芬股份公司 变速器以及机动车
CN111878547A (zh) * 2020-06-12 2020-11-03 浙江哈克雷斯传动科技有限公司 一种具有自动反馈调速的电动车变速驱动系统
CN114508568A (zh) * 2020-11-17 2022-05-17 华为数字能源技术有限公司 电动车的两档变速器及电动车

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