CN1072231A

CN1072231A - Concrete pile

Info

Publication number: CN1072231A
Application number: CN92105353.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡炳荣
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1991-11-12
Filing date: 1992-06-30
Publication date: 1993-05-19
Also published as: GB2261456A; GB2261456B; HK1006981A1; GB9124028D0

Abstract

A concrete pile 20 has a body formed of a prestressed concrete pipe 21 having metal shoes 25 welded to a support ring 22 of the pipe. The interior of the shoe and the tube adjacent to the shoe is filled with concrete or mortar. In one embodiment of the invention, the shoe has a central rod 30 extending axially of the tube. In another embodiment, a rebar grid 28 is provided at the end of the pipe to support the end of the pipe. Concrete or mortar 29 is filled at least over the steel reinforcement cage to form a solid pile shoe. The packing helps to transfer the forces on the shoe evenly to the pipe by means of the central rod 30 and the skeleton 28.

Description

Concrete pile

The present invention relates to employed stake in the construction industry, particularly a kind of prestress concrete stake.

Stake is to squeeze into pipe or rod in the ground by pile driver, in order to the basis of supporting superstructure.

Four kinds of dissimilar stakes have been used in the past: timber, piling bar, enhancement mode concrete pile and give the stake of stress hollow concrete.Every class stake has its application, and generally speaking, the development latter is for several defective before overcoming.For example, piling bar is more superior than timber in most of occasions.Concrete pile both can cast-in-place, also can give and making.The method of cast-in-place comprises using pounds the into hollow steel cylinder on ground, fills with concrete, extracts steel cylinder before concrete setting out.Sometimes just steel cylinder was withdrawn from before placing of concrete, work will have the handling steel cylinder twice like this, but more cheap in the ground than steel cylinder is stayed.

Give the system concrete pile cast iron shoe that is cast into the tip of stake is arranged.Yet slinging and transporting all and have any problem of these provides enough strength because they should be joint lengths, this means that they reach 30 meters usually.Thereby cause very difficulty of handling.

The prestress concrete stake is made of centrifugally cast concrete pipe, and length is 12 meters.This length handling is very convenient.Give the stress stake and be formed with quoit at its two ends, they are normally cast in pipe when making pipe.These circles can weld together the length that increases stake by the circle with adjacent pile cutoff.The character that concrete in this class stake gives stress is the intensity that keeps stake when pile cutoff is welded together.

Prestress concrete stake or hollow concrete stake, though make with giving stress high strength spun casting concrete, tensile strength is lower.Therefore, the tip of stake or lower end adopt metal to block up or boots close, in case soil enters the cavity of stake.Cavity is used to increase the compressive stress on the concrete.If the termination is not sealed, soil will be full of the stake the bottom and the stake spalling.

Two kinds of common shutoff type lists are shown among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.Fig. 1 is a sectional drawing, expresses a kind of shutoff that is called taper shape or hollow shape shoe.This conical shoe is on the termination that makes of metal and be installed in stake, when piling is in place soil layer is separated.

Fig. 2 a and 2b express the shutoff of a kind of being called " cross boots ", and it comprises a metal sheet that is horizontally placed on a termination and is welded to the metal cross that plays booster action on this plate surface.When stake was squeezed into, this metal cross also played a tip effect and helps separately soil layer.

In soft soil, clay for example, the effect of this set is satisfactory.But at the soil of hard or contain in the soil of admant or roundstone, for example gravel sand or cobble, shutoff often is damaged and soil is entered in the pipe, because laterally spalling or the crack around metal/concrete interface and usually cause the bottom of stake to damage or destroy.The intensity of conical shoe and the intensity of concrete pile pipe do not match and can be damaged by roundstone, hardpan or the like yet, and can make it be squeezed into the hollow inside of stake.Hollow circular cone boots also may build up the back because the tired or whatsoever former of metal thereby cause that basic sedimentation or the rising of not given material is damaged in superstructure.

The cross shoe is determined to have prevention soil and is entered the interior intensity of hollow stake pipe, but when stake is driven into, can in the concrete of tight each end of dust metal cross, directly cause rupture stress because the mode of each end effect of metal cross to after to add the effect of foundation slab in the concrete similar.Therefore, have been found that in impacting the piling process that the sectional area minimizing of the concrete segment that is caused by the tension force that breaks of pile foundation can make the concrete pile fracture.Concrete pile its nose part when entering the harder lower soil of concrete than stake can burst apart.

Recently, a kind of " steel combination pile tube " developed to overcome the problem of pan soil matter.Though this structure duty is expensive unlike the metal piling bar.This hollow concrete stake is shaped in a steel bushing.

Therefore, need a kind of shoe, it can be more equably be complementary with the intensity of concrete pile, and this intensity can be competent at and be used under hard edaphic condition and produce economically, and needs a kind of stake that can be used for hard soil condition.

Thus, one aspect of the present invention is, a kind of shoe stress or the stake of part prestress concrete that is used to give is provided, and it comprises that a metal shutoff and one are attached thereto the rod that connects and be deep in the concrete pile.

The metal shutoff is preferably conical, and has a cage of reinforcement, and cage of reinforcement is arranged in the stake and extend into the inside of metal shutoff.

According to second aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of concrete pile, it comprises a prestress concrete pipe, it is conical that a quoit and a metal shutoff that is connected on this quoit that is arranged on this tube end, shutoff are substantially.

Preferably stake comprises that also one is arranged on the cage of reinforcement in the pipe basically, and rod stretches along the inside of pipe, (if skeleton is arranged) substantially in the skeleton stretches from the tip of shutoff.Fill skeleton and/or rod with concrete.In a preferred embodiment, rod passes the metal shutoff and stretches out.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the stake of a kind of part prestress concrete is provided, it comprises one by giving the outer wall that stress spun casting concrete pipe forms, the core of concrete, steel concrete or a cement mortar and a shoe.

It is conical that shoe preferably is substantially, and be welded to casting and fill up on a quoit of pipe end and with core material.

Preferably shoe has one and stretches out and along the inner rod that extends of pipe from conical portion.

Stake preferably also comprises a cage of reinforcement, and it is adjacent with shoe that it is positioned at pipe, and is filled by core material.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the method of a kind of fabrication portion prestress concrete stake is provided, it may further comprise the steps: get one section certain-length have a flat circle of metal give stress hollow spun casting concrete pipe, the metal shoe is welded on the flat circle of a metal, with concrete or filled with mortar shoe with in the stake inner chamber in shoe zone.

Preferably this method also comprises the inner edge that a rod is welded to the metal boots, go in the hollow of pipe on the rod and/or make a cage of reinforcement so that allow, the size of skeleton just is being suitable for being contained in the pipe, and skeleton is placed in the pipe, so that make the stake tube end of skeleton supporting, and concrete or mortar filling in next-door neighbour's shoe.

Preferably allow the inserts of sufficient intensity roughly pipe is full of, and more preferably bar reinforcement is inserted in the pipe and substantially along the longitudinal extension of pipe.

Therefore according to citation form of the present invention, the stake of part prestress concrete is than the superior part of giving the stake of stress hollow: the tip or the end of stake are solid, more easily pass than hardpan and drive piles and go wrong less.To the tip that the improvement of shoe has strengthened stake effectively, can use satisfactorily in addition harder condition under drive piles.

When fully stake being filled up with concrete or mortar, this then has the advantage of the concrete pile that gives stake of stress hollow and solid pouring concurrently.Give the stress wall stake can be made according to the length that is easy to handling, then can be welded together and do not lose intensity.Give the stress wall higher cross direction tensile strength also is provided, unstressed concrete real core is provided simultaneously, both reinforced also Unreinforced according to using, this has just greatly increased the supporting capacity of stake.Thereby, can bear the quantity of bigger load or used stake or size with the stake of same number same size and can reduce and saved expense.

The invention provides a kind of concrete pile, it comprises a prestress concrete pipe, the conical metal shoe of a shutoff one end and a core that is filled in the cementaceous in the pipe; The inner rod that extends from shoe along the stake pipe; The core of cementaceous is that concrete is made; In core, include reinforcing bar; Reinforcement rod is configured to a kind of cage of reinforcement;

With the manufacturing process of a kind of part prestress concrete stake, it comprises, makes a spun casting concrete hollow pipe, and the inside that a conical metal shoe is installed in an end of this pipe and fills this pipe with the mixture of cementaceous is to form a core; The rod of an inner extension from shoe along the stake pipe is provided; At one end fill its inside with a kind of concrete mix; Before filling an end, bar reinforcement is placed on the inside of an end of stake with the mixture of cementaceous; Form the spun casting concrete hollow tube that has quoit at the one end, and conical metal shoe is fixed on this quoit; The end of one or more spun casting concrete pipe is connected on the other end of first concrete pipe head to head; Fill certain root or whole stake pipes with cementitious mixtures; Before filling with the mixture of cementaceous reinforcing bar is placed in the pipe, the length of placement is certain or whole length of tube.

Below by example and preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings to describe the present invention, wherein:

Fig. 1 represents the cross-sectional view of circular cone shoe in the prior art;

Fig. 2 a represents the sectional view of cross shoe in the prior art;

The plan view of the cross shoe among Fig. 2 b presentation graphs 2a;

Fig. 3 is the sectional drawing of stake manufactured according to the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the sectional drawing of modified stake manufactured according to the present invention;

Shown in Figure 5 is another kind of partial cut-away perspective view manufactured according to the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the sectional side view of the structure of Fig. 5 king-pile;

Fig. 7 is along the sectional view in A-A cross section among Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 represents the shoe of a kind of alternative Fig. 6;

The cage of reinforcement that Fig. 9 presentation graphs 5 embodiment are used;

The assembling situation schematic diagram of Figure 10,11 and 12 presentation graphs, 5 embodiment;

Figure 13 represents the mode of occupation schematic diagram according to the stake of Fig. 8 embodiment.

Stake shown in Figure 3 is structurally similar to the hollow stake of Fig. 1.But shoe 25 and stake 21 are to fill with concrete, steel concrete or cement mortar filler 29 at least in that part of zone of shoe.Why this is referred to as the stake of part prestress concrete is because the skin of a prestress concrete is arranged, and promptly gives the inner core of the centrifugally cast concrete pipe of stress high strength and stressless concrete, steel concrete or a mortar.The effect of filling has two, and it has strengthened shoe and has helped the power of will driving piles to be delivered on the boots from stake, and, compare with the unidimensional hollow concrete stake of standard, increased the supporting capacity of stake.

A kind of follow-on shoe is shown in Fig. 4.Here use plug 30 to strengthen the tip of taper shoe 25.This rod helps and will transmit in the power of giving between the stress wall of shoe and stake.It helps power more to be evenly distributed in shoe and to give between the stress wall.

In the preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 5 to 7, used a cage of reinforcement 28, be used for reinforcer and help with power transmission equably between stake pipe and shoe 25.Skeleton can be used to replace excellent 30(Fig. 5) or shared with rod, and as shown in Figure 6, the latter is most preferred setting.

Figure 5 shows that the phantom drawing of the stake 20 of partly cut-away, show that stake contains a section concrete pipe or tube 21.Pipe 21 be certain-length arranged give stress high strength spun casting concrete pipe.What be installed in the one end is that metal is put down circle or bound round 22.This circle 22 has a planar section 23 to cover end face at the stake pipe, and a skirt section 24 of extending along the stake tube-surface is fixed in its position this circle.Usually circle 22 can be installed when making the stake pipe, but also can install later on.

From enclosing downward shoe 25 of hanging a precentrum or cone-shaped.In the stake pipe, can see a cage of reinforcement 28 that dots, and its inside is filled with concrete or cement mortar 29.The inserts casting covers on the cage of reinforcement 28 and is full of the cavity of shoe.

In Fig. 6, more clearly express shoe one solid tip or most advanced and sophisticated 26 and one skirt section 27 are arranged.The axial tip 26 from shoe 25 of rod 30 edge stake pipes extends to the skeleton 28.Shoe is made up of two parts as can be seen, and the skirt section is welded on the tip.The skirt section also is welded on the circle 22.Circle and shoe are all done with steel, and rod 30 is welded direct on the tip 26.

Another flat circle 22 ' be installed in upper end of a pipe as can be seen.It is to be used for this pipe is connected with another pipe (for example shown in Figure 13), by two adjacent circles being welded together the length that reaches practical stake.

Cage of reinforcement 28 is to make of reinforcement rod, and its size can be installed in the stake pipe 21 just.Skeleton comprises vertical member and circumference member.Circumference member among Fig. 6 is an annulus, and Fig. 9 to shown in Figure 11 be spiral-shaped (spirality is tied up).

Fig. 7 takes from the sectional drawing of Fig. 6 along the A-A cross section, and it has represented skeleton is how to be fit in the stake pipe and what kind of setting the vertical member of skeleton is.Bending closes skeleton to vertical member in the bottom.As can be seen, rod 30 extends in the stake pipe vertically.

A kind of interchangeable shoe is shown among Fig. 8.Rod 30 still is welded direct to tip 26 places, but tip 26 has a protrusion 31, and protrusion 31 has formed a round end axle that stretches out from tip.Can also select, allow rod pass the round end shaft portion that tip is extended and replaces fully in shoe, shoe skirt section 27 can directly be welded with excellent 30 like this, if desired can be with suitable method reinforcement of weld.

There is an opening at the skeleton top of Fig. 9 so that be easier to concrete or the pouring of mortar.See to find out that the circumference member as shown is a continuous spirality, so that processing.

For shoe is installed on the pipe, the end setting of stake pipe or circle 22 is installed.Skeleton is inserted in the pipe as shown in Figure 10.Skeleton a bit of stretches out from pipe so that the end of support ring and pipe better, and can make it tightr with contacting of shoe by mortar or concrete fill.Then rod pass skeleton be inserted into the pipe in and shoe is installed.Boots skirt 27 is welded on the circle as shown in figure 11.

Be packed into shoe, skeleton and stake pipe with mortar or concrete then, as shown in figure 12.Inserts only pouring covers skeleton and shoe or fills whole stake pipe.For some application scenario, not only require to fill up the stake pipe fully, but also will strengthen along the total length of stake with concrete material.For this setup, can allow skeleton that enough longitudinal sizes are arranged and stretch, or use other cage of reinforcement to the total length of stake pipe.

Figure 13 represents that a kind of typical case of stake uses.Shoe has as shown in Figure 8 a protrusion to stretch out.By being welded to, second pipe 40 make the stake lengthening on first pipe 21.Dowel bar 41 stretches out the basis that is used to connect superstructure from the top of stake.

Shoe is installed to stake and goes up and can have or not have circle 22 for being useful in the scene, perhaps makes to have the shoe that has installed in factory.Preferably also carry out at the scene with filler casting shoe and/or stake, to be convenient to the stake handling to on-the-spot.There is the embodiment that stretches out precentrum to be specially adapted to soil layer condition hard or that gravel is arranged.

Shutoff or shoe have become solid now, in case will can depression or depression after in place.The intensity of shoe also is delivered on the pipe owing to center bar puts on the shoe tip by concrete fill and cage of reinforcement with power more equably owing to being solid the increasing.Cage of reinforcement has prevented the spalling of horizontal direction and has increased the cross direction tensile strength of stake.Become solid shoe so such shoe is installed to the hollow concrete stake Guan Shanghou of standard, can equably power be delivered in the stake from shoe.

Such stake-can be referred to as part prestress concrete stake-compare with the concrete pile of same diameter has improved the ability of passing the particle soil layer and has had more high bearing capacity and horizontal drag.If desired, can also in concrete core, add other bar reinforcement to improve the transverse strength of stake.

Part prestress concrete of the present invention stake can be made by suitable sectional dimension and length.As previously mentioned, first section of stake has a shoe, and stake has gives concrete outer wall of system and stressless cast-in-place casting concrete core.Each pile cutoff is by linking together 22 welding of the flat circle on the adjacent pile cutoff.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A concrete pile, characterized in that it comprises a prestressed concrete tube, a conical metal spud shoe closed at one end thereof, and a cementitious core filled in the tube.

2. A concrete pile as claimed in claim 1, including a rod extending from the pile shoe along the interior of the pile tube.

3. A concrete pile as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cementitious core is made of concrete.

4. A concrete pile as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that steel reinforcement is contained in the core.

5. A concrete pile as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the reinforcement rods are arranged as a reinforcement skeleton.

6. A method of forming a partially prestressed concrete pile, characterized in that it comprises, making a centrifugally cast concrete hollow tube, installing a conical metal spud can at one end of the tube, and filling the tube with a cementitious mixture inside of the tube to form a core.

7. A method as claimed in claim 6, including providing a rod extending from the spud can along the interior of the pile tube.

8. A method as claimed in claim 6 or 7, comprising filling the interior at one end with a concrete mixture.

9. A method as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8, comprising placing reinforcing rods inside one end of the pile before filling the end with the cementitious mixture.

10. A method as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 9, comprising forming a centrifugally cast concrete hollow tube with an eyelet at one end and securing a conical metal spud can to the on the metal ring.

11. A method as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 10, comprising connecting the ends of one or more centrifugally cast concrete pipes head-to-head to the other end of a first concrete pipe .

12. A method as claimed in claim 11, comprising filling one or all of the pile pipes with a cementitious mixture.

13. A method as claimed in claim 12, including placing reinforcement in the tube for some or all of the length of the tube prior to filling with the cementitious mixture.

14. A partially prestressed concrete pile, characterized in that it is basically as described in any one or several drawings in 1 to 13 referred to herein.

15. A method of manufacturing a concrete pile as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.