CN107201474A - Hard-face alloy material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a hard-surface alloy material which can be coated on the surface of a target workpiece by a proper hard-surface treatment process according to the material, size and performance requirements of the target workpiece. For example, by using various heat sources, the hardfacing alloy material of the present invention can be heated to a molten or partially molten state to coat the surface of the target workpiece, thereby forming a well-bonded protective coating; therefore, the excellent characteristics of the hard-surface alloy material can be utilized to achieve the function of protecting the target workpiece, thereby prolonging the service life of the target workpiece.

Description

Hard facing alloy material

technical field

The invention relates to the related technical field of alloy materials, in particular to a hard surface alloy material.

Background technique

In order to prolong the service life of equipment or workpieces, surface treatment technology is generally used to modify the surface of equipment or workpieces, or to coat a protective layer on the surface. Hardfacing process is usually applied to a metal workpiece, such as thermal spraying (thermal spray), melting (meltallizing), build-up welding (build-up welding), sintering (Snitering), etc., to make a functional hardfacing The material is coated on the surface of the metal workpiece, so as to improve the physical or chemical properties of the metal workpiece surface, such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance or temperature resistance, etc.; thus, by effectively reducing surface wear or rust, it can The service life of the metal workpiece is effectively extended.

Hardfacing alloy materials generally include a base phase alloy made of iron-based, cobalt-based or nickel-based alloy materials. The research results show that adding specific alloying elements (such as chromium (Cr), vanadium (V), molybdenum (Mo)) can improve the corrosion resistance or high temperature stability of base phase alloy materials; in addition, by controlling the base phase alloy The hardness of the base phase alloy can be increased by increasing the process temperature and transforming it into a martensite phase. However, even though many methods can be used to strengthen the properties of the base phase of hard-facing alloy materials, basically the current design of hard-facing alloy materials still cannot break away from the concept that traditional alloy materials use a metal element as the main component element, so the application is often limited. Restricted or difficult to take into account the needs of various usage environments. For example, although nickel-based and cobalt-based hardfacing materials are generally superior to iron-based hardfacing materials in terms of corrosion resistance and temperature resistance, iron-based materials are easy to obtain high-strength properties and have the advantage of lower cost.

From the above description, it can be understood that when manufacturing a specific hardfacing alloy, the application equipment or workpiece and the use environment of the hardfacing alloy must be considered in advance, and the appropriate base phase and strengthening phase materials must be selected to manufacture a product that can A hardfacing alloy suitable for protecting the workpiece in this application, and the hardfacing alloy can also meet the needs of the environment in which it is used.

In view of the fact that the hard-facing alloy materials produced by the existing process methods still cannot meet the needs of various application surfaces and use environments, the present invention develops a novel hard-facing alloy material to solve this shortcoming, so that it can better meet different requirements. Extended life due to application requirements. Here, reference one (Chin-You Hsu et.al, "Effect of iron content on wear behavior of AlCoCrFexMo0.5Ni high-entropyalloys", International Journal on the Science and Technology of Friction Lubrication and Wear (Wear 268pp.653-659 .ISSN 0043-1648.11Feb.2010), the research of literature 1 shows that high-entropy alloys are multi-element alloy materials composed of more than five main elements; Therefore, as long as the alloy is properly designed, the obtained multivariate high-entropy alloy has many properties superior to traditional alloys, such as high temperature resistance, high hardness, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, high temperature creep resistance and other excellent properties.

Therefore, based on the theoretical basis of Document 1, the present invention also strives to research and develop the material formula of multi-element high-entropy alloys, and finally develops and completes a hardfacing alloy material of the present invention.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a hardfacing alloy material, which can achieve the functional role of protecting the target workpiece and prolong the service life of the target workpiece.

Therefore, in order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the present invention proposes a hardfacing alloy material having at least one base phase structure and at least one strengthening phase structure, and the hardfacing alloy material has a specific hardness, and the specific The hardness is greater than HV500.

The above-mentioned hard-facing alloy material, particularly, the hard-facing alloy material comprises at least four or more main metal elements, and the main metal elements are selected from the following groups: aluminum (Al), cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V), Tungsten (W), Zirconium (Zr).

And, in order to enhance the precipitation strengthening effect of alloy design, among the four or more main metal elements contained in the hardfacing alloy material, two or more metal elements should be selected from the following groups: aluminum (Al), Cr ( Chromium), Mo (molybdenum), Nb (niobium), Ti (titanium), Ta (tantalum), V (vanadium), W (tungsten), Zr (zirconium).

Further, the hardfacing alloy material further comprises at least one non-metal element, and the non-metal element is selected from the following group: boron (B), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O) , Silicon (Si).

In the above-mentioned hard-facing alloy material, the at least four or more main metal elements have a total molar number of metal elements, and the total molar number of metal elements accounts for 50% to 95% of the total molar number of the hard-facing alloy material .

Moreover, in the composition of the hardfacing alloy material, each main metal element has a corresponding mole number of a main metal element, and the mole number of the main metal element is more than 5% of the total mole number of the metal elements.

Furthermore, the at least one non-metal element has a total mole number of non-metal elements, and the total mole number of non-metal elements is 5%-50% of a total mole number of the hardfacing alloy material.

The above-mentioned hard-facing alloy material, in particular, the form of the finished or semi-finished hard-facing alloy material can be any of the following: powder, wire rod, welding rod, flux-coated welding wire, or bulk material;

Moreover, the hardfacing alloy material can be coated on the surface of a target workpiece by any of the following processes: casting, arc welding, thermal spraying, or thermal sintering.

The hardfacing alloy material provided by the present invention can be coated on the surface of a target workpiece through an appropriate hardfacing process according to the material, size and performance requirements of the target workpiece. For example, by using various heat sources, the hardfacing alloy material of the present invention can be heated to a molten or partially molten state, and then coated on the surface of the target workpiece, thereby forming a well-bonded protective coating In this way, the excellent characteristics of the hardfacing alloy material of the present invention can be utilized to achieve the functional role of protecting the target workpiece, thereby prolonging the service life of the target workpiece.

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not as a limitation of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the image figure of the scanning electron microscope of the 1st preferred embodiment of hardfacing alloy material;

Fig. 2 is the image figure of the scanning electron microscope of the 2nd preferred embodiment of hardfacing alloy material;

Fig. 3 is the image figure of the scanning electron microscope of the 3rd preferred embodiment of hardfacing alloy material; And

Fig. 4 is an image diagram of a scanning electron microscope of a fourth preferred embodiment of the hardfacing alloy material.

Among them, reference signs:

I light gray base phase

II dark gray base phase

III dark carbide (or boride)

IV white carbide

V black carbide (or boride)

detailed description

In order to more clearly describe a hardfacing alloy material proposed by the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

The invention provides a hardfacing alloy material composed of at least one base phase structure and at least one strengthening phase structure, and the hardfacing alloy material has a specific hardness greater than HV500. In particular, the hardfacing alloy material of the present invention must contain more than four main metal elements, and the main metal elements are selected from the following groups: aluminum (Al), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Molybdenum (Mo), Nickel (Ni), Niobium (Nb), Titanium (Ti), Tantalum (Ta), Vanadium (V), Tungsten (W), Zirconium (Zr). And, this hardfacing alloy material further comprises at least one nonmetallic element, and the nonmetallic element is selected from the following group: boron (B), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), Silicon (Si).

In the composition of the hard-facing alloy material, in order to enhance the precipitation strengthening effect, among the four or more main metal elements contained in the hard-facing alloy material, two or more of the metal elements must be selected from the following groups: aluminum (Al), Cr (chromium), Mo (molybdenum), Nb (niobium), Ti (titanium), Ta (tantalum), V (vanadium), W (tungsten), Zr (zirconium). Moreover, the at least four or more main metal elements have a total mole number of metal elements, and the total mole number of metal elements is 50%-95% of a total mole number of the hardfacing alloy material. More importantly, in the composition of the hardfacing alloy material, each main metal element has a corresponding mole number of a main metal element, and the mole number of the main metal element is more than 5% of the total metal element mole number. On the other hand, relative to the total moles of metal elements, the at least one non-metal element has a total moles of non-metal elements, and the total moles of non-metal elements is 5% of a total moles of the hardfacing alloy material %~50%.

In order to prove that the above-mentioned material composition and technical limitations of the hardfacing alloy material of the present invention can indeed be implemented, it will be confirmed by presenting multiple sets of experimental data below.

The first experiment: confirm the content of non-metallic elements:

First, please refer to the experimental data in the following tables (1) and (2). It can be known from Table (1) and Table (2) that the first experiment uses aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo) and nickel (Ni) as Six kinds of metals are used as the main metal elements, including aluminum (Al) and molybdenum (Mo), which are easy to form strengthening phases, and boron (B) or carbon (C) is used as the non-metal element. Moreover, referring to the experimental data of samples 1 to 4, it can be found that when the content of non-metallic elements gradually increases, the hardness and wear resistance of the obtained hardfacing alloy material also increase accordingly. However, when the content of non-metallic elements continues to increase, although the hardness of the final hardfacing alloy material is significantly improved, the service life of the actual use environment does not necessarily increase, especially in high-stress or high-impact environments. In the use environment, it often breaks and collapses during use due to its high hardness and low toughness, which affects the service life. Therefore, based on the above experimental results, it can be further found that, preferably, the total number of moles of non-metallic elements is 15% to 36% of the total number of moles; and, the total number of moles of metal elements is the hardfacing alloy 64% to 85% of the total moles of materials.

(Table I)

(Table II)

Obviously, as far as hard-facing alloy materials are concerned, the higher the hardness value, the better the properties of the hard-facing alloy material; as far as different practical applications are concerned, appropriate non-metallic alloys should be adjusted for different target workpieces and use environments. The metal content and the metal content enable the hardfacing alloy material coated on the surface of the target workpiece to exhibit corresponding hardness, toughness and wear resistance. Herein, it is particularly noted that the currently used techniques for coating the hardfacing alloy material on the surface of the target workpiece include casting, arc welding, thermal spraying, and thermal sintering.

The second experiment: confirm the performance of other alloy systems and different non-metallic elements:

Please continue to refer to the experimental data in the following table (3). It can be seen from Table (3) that samples 6 and 7 are made of six metals: aluminum (Al), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni). As the main metal elements, it contains two metal elements, aluminum (Al) and chromium (Cr), which are easy to form strengthening phases, and boron (B) is used as the non-metal element. In addition, sample 8 and sample 9 use cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni) and titanium (Ti) as the main metal elements, which contain chromium ( Cr) and titanium (Ti) are two metal elements, and boron (C) is used as the non-metal element.

(Table 3)

Please continue to refer to the experimental data in the following table (4). It can be seen from Table (4) that the hardfacing alloy materials of samples 10 and 11 contain aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), and zirconium (Zr), which are easy to form strengthening phases. a metal element, and boron (B) and silicon (Si) are used as the non-metal elements. In addition, the hardfacing alloy materials of samples 12 to 13 contain five metal elements, aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), tantalum (Ta), titanium (Ti), and zirconium (Zr), which are easy to form strengthening phases, and Oxygen (O) or nitrogen (N) is used as the non-metallic element.

(Table 4)

preferred embodiment

Herein, the present invention further proposes four preferred embodiments of the hardfacing alloy material, which are summarized in the following Tables (5) and (6).

(Table 5)

(Table 6)

Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and Fig. 4, which are respectively the first preferred embodiment, the second preferred embodiment, the third preferred embodiment, and the fourth preferred embodiment of the hardfacing alloy material The image of the scanning electron microscope (Scanning Electronic Microscope, SEM). In Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4, the area names represented by Roman numerals I, II, III, and IV are shown in the following table (7). Moreover, we can find from the SEM images that the alloy composition structures of the four groups of preferred embodiments all contain more than two compound phases and more than one base phase; among them, the softer (multi-element) base phase It can support and hold high-hardness compound particles, and then produce the effect of resisting friction; therefore, when the hardfacing alloy material of the present invention is processed and coated on the surface of a target workpiece, it can provide wear resistance and high temperature softening resistance and other protection functions, thereby prolonging the service life of the target workpiece.

(Table 7)

It must be added that the first preferred embodiment, the second preferred embodiment, the third preferred embodiment, and the fourth preferred embodiment of the hardfacing alloy material of the present invention can be processed into finished products or The form of semi-finished products, such as: powder, wire, welding rod, metal tube with welding flux inside, or block material. Wherein, the powder form can be alloy powder or mixed powder, and the wire can be a solid alloy wire or a flux-coated welding wire made by wrapping metal powder and flux in a metal tube. When used in powder form, the configured powder can be coated on the surface of the target workpiece, and then the target workpiece is sent into a high-temperature furnace, and then sintered at an appropriate temperature, so that the powder is bonded and solidified on the surface of the workpiece to form a hard surface layer. In addition, the powder can also be heated and sintered in other ways, for example: laser scanning heating.

In addition, if the thermal spraying process is used, due to the use of different heating sources, it can be carried out with powder or wire, heating the material (powder or wire) to a molten or semi-molten state, and then impacting and attaching to the target driven by the high-speed gas The surface of the workpiece, and then accumulate and solidify into a hard surface thick film or coating. When using spark plasma sintering, the powder can be coated on the workpiece, and then put into a graphite mold, and an electric current is applied to generate sparks or resistance heat at the interface of the powder particles, and at the same time, the powder and the workpiece are more closely bonded by applying pressure. Solder together. When using the surfacing welding process, the wire can be directly welded on the surface of the workpiece by arc welding, and the gas shielded welding method such as TIG (using tungsten needle as a non-consumable electrode) and MIG (directly using wire as a consumable electrode) on the surface of the workpiece ; Or use the submerged arc welding process with flux to surfacing on the surface of the workpiece; or design the welding wire as a self-protected flux-coated welding wire and directly surfacing on the surface of the workpiece by open arc welding; or use this multi-component hardfacing alloy to make welding rods , using shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) to surfacing the hard surface layer on the surface of the target workpiece. In addition to using it in the form of powder or wire, if the size and shape of the target workpiece permit, direct casting can also be used to melt the multi-component hardfacing alloy into molten soup, and with appropriate mold design, it can be directly cast on the surface of the target workpiece. After curing, it forms a hardened layer.

Like this, above-mentioned description has fully and clearly disclosed hardfacing alloy material of the present invention, and, through above-mentioned, we can learn that the present invention has following main advantage: hardfacing alloy material of the present invention can be according to the material of a target workpiece, Size and performance requirements, and then coated on the surface of the target workpiece by appropriate hard surface treatment process. For example, by using various heat sources, the hardfacing alloy material of the present invention can be heated to a molten or semi-molten state, and then coated on the surface of the target workpiece, thereby forming a well-bonded protective coating In this way, the excellent characteristics of the hardfacing alloy material of the present invention can be utilized to achieve the functional role of protecting the target workpiece, thereby prolonging the service life of the target workpiece.

Certainly, the present invention also can have other various embodiments, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes All changes and modifications should belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of hard facing alloy material, it is characterised in that it is with least one base phase structure and at least One kind reinforcing phase structure, and the hard facing alloy material has a particular stiffness, and the particular stiffness is more than HV500；

Wherein, the hard facing alloy material includes more than at least four main metal element, and the main gold Belong to element to be selected among following group：Aluminium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, titanium, tantalum, Vanadium, tungsten, zirconium；

Wherein, the hard facing alloy material further includes at least one nonmetalloid, and the nonmetalloid is selected From among following group：Boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, silicon；

Wherein, for enhancing precipitating reinforcing effect, more than the four kinds major metals that the hard facing alloy material is included In element, metallic element more than two of which must be chosen among following group：Aluminium, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, Titanium, tantalum, vanadium, tungsten, zirconium.

2. hard facing alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the hard facing alloy material In the composition of material, more than at least four main metal element has a total metallic element molal quantity, and this is total Metallic element molal quantity is the 50%~95% of a total mole number of the hard facing alloy material.

3. hard facing alloy material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in the hard facing alloy material In the composition of material, each main metal element has corresponding main metal element molal quantity, and the master It is more than the 5% of total metallic element molal quantity to want metallic element molal quantity.

4. hard facing alloy material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in the hard facing alloy material In the composition of material, at least one nonmetalloid has a total nonmetalloid molal quantity, and total non-gold It is the 5%~50% of a total mole number of the hard facing alloy material to belong to element molal quantity.

5. hard facing alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the hard facing alloy material The finished product of material or the kenel of semi-finished product for it is following any one：Powder, wire rod, welding rod, bag medicine welding wire or block Material.

6. hard facing alloy material according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the hard facing alloy material Material is processed on coating to the surface of a target workpiece by following any technology mode：Casting, electric arc Weldering, thermal spraying or thermal sintering.