CN107162700A - A kind of apple Ru 2006101161 and its application process - Google Patents

Abstract

The apple fertilizer composition provided by the invention consists of autumn base fertilizer, spring budding fertilizer, summer puffed fruit I fertilizer and summer puffed fruit II fertilizer. According to the law of absorption and utilization of a large amount of nutrients and medium and trace nutrients in different stages of the apple annual cycle, the present invention formulates scientific formulas for different stages, so that the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and medium and trace elements can be balanced, so that it can meet the needs of different trees. It can meet the needs of the growth and development stage, improve the yield and quality, and can facilitate the fruit growers to choose fertilizers, improve the efficiency of fertilizer use, and protect the ecological environment. Experimental results show that after adopting the fertilizer composition provided by the invention, the yield is increased by 519kg per mu, which is 12.56%; At the same time, the input amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium per mu is also significantly reduced. Compared with traditional fertilization, the present invention can save 46.57% of nitrogen, 63.38% of phosphorus and 24.25% of potassium while increasing production and quality.

Description

A kind of fertilizer composition for apple and application method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a fertilizer composition for apples and an application method thereof.

Background technique

my country is the world's largest producer of apples. In 2014, the country's apple planting area was about 2.21 million hectares, with a total output of more than 39 million tons, accounting for 51% and 49% of the world's total respectively. Apple output value reached more than 45 billion yuan, accounting for my country's total fruit output value. more than 40% of. There are 48 million farmers in our country who are directly or indirectly engaged in apple production. The apple industry has become one of the pillar industries in the countryside, and has played an important role in developing the rural economy, accelerating the adjustment of the rural industrial structure, and helping farmers get rid of poverty and become prosperous.

In order to ensure high and stable apple yields, apple orchards need to invest a lot of chemical fertilizers every year. At present, in the apple production areas, most of the fruit growers do not have a strong awareness of scientific fertilization. Fertilization is based on experience. Fertilizers can be applied with whatever fertilizer is available on the market. Whichever fertilizer is well advertised and the price is low, they can buy whichever fertilizer. Apple trees are not considered at all. What kind of fertilizer is needed; moreover, fertilization techniques are relatively extensive, excessive nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers are serious, and medium and trace elements are insufficient, which not only results in high production costs, low fertilizer utilization rates, but also leads to decline in fruit quality, serious physiological diseases, and environmental pollution.

At present, there are many fertilizer brands in my country's fertilizer market, with tens of thousands of formulas. However, there is no special fertilizer that really meets the needs of apple growth and development. Therefore, fruit farmers can only choose fertilizers based on experience. The needs of apple growth and development. Moreover, the nutrients required by different growth and development stages of apples are different, and one fertilizer cannot meet the needs of the entire growth period. Therefore, the scientific apple annual nutrition package fertilizer is an important technical means to solve the blind fertilization of the apple industry and realize the weight loss and efficiency increase of the fruit tree industry.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a fertilizer composition for apples and its application method. In the fertilizer composition provided by the invention, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and medium and trace element nutrients reaches a balance, which can meet the needs of different trees. It can meet the needs of the growth and development stage, improve the yield and quality, and can facilitate the fruit growers to choose fertilizers, improve the efficiency of fertilizer use, and protect the ecological environment.

The invention provides a fertilizer composition for apples, which is composed of autumn base fertilizer, spring sprout fertilizer, summer puffed fruit I fertilizer and summer puffed fruit II fertilizer, wherein:

The weight percentage of active ingredients of autumn base fertilizer is: 16-17% of amide nitrogen, 2-3% of nitrate nitrogen, 12% of phosphorus pentoxide, 13-15% of potassium oxide, 10% of calcium oxide, 2% of magnesium oxide, and 0.2% of boron % and zinc 0.3%;

The percentage by weight of the active components of spring budding fertilizer is: 6-8% of ammonium nitrogen, 8-10% of nitrate nitrogen, and 15% of calcium oxide;

The weight percent of active ingredients of Xiabangguo I fertilizer is: 14-16% of ammonium nitrogen, 6-8% of nitrate nitrogen, 4% of phosphorus pentoxide, 16-18% of potassium oxide and 0.1% of boron;

The weight percent of active ingredients of Xiabangguo II fertilizer is: 8-9% of ammonium nitrogen, 3-4% of nitrate nitrogen, 5% of phosphorus pentoxide, 25-27% of potassium oxide, 8% of calcium oxide and 1.5% of magnesium oxide .

In one embodiment, the weight percent of the active ingredients of the autumn base fertilizer is: amide nitrogen 17%, nitrate nitrogen 3%, phosphorus pentoxide 12%, potassium oxide 13%, calcium oxide 10%, magnesium oxide 2%, Boron 0.2% and Zinc 0.3%.

In one embodiment, the weight percent of active ingredients of the spring sprout fertilizer is: 6% ammonium nitrogen, 9% nitrate nitrogen, and 15% calcium oxide.

In one embodiment, the weight percentages of the active ingredients of the summer puffed fruit I fertilizer are: 16% of ammonium nitrogen, 7% of nitrate nitrogen, 4% of phosphorus pentoxide, 17% of potassium oxide and 0.1% of boron.

In one embodiment, the weight percent of the active ingredients of Xiashuangguo II fertilizer is: 9% ammonium nitrogen, 3% nitrate nitrogen, 5% phosphorus pentoxide, 26% potassium oxide, 8% calcium oxide and magnesium oxide 1.5%.

The present invention also provides the application method of the apple fertilizer composition described in the above-mentioned technical scheme, comprising:

Apply autumn base fertilizer after apple harvest in autumn;

Apply spring sprout fertilizer in mid-April;

In the first and middle ten days of June, apply the summer puffy fruit I fertilizer;

In early July to mid-August, apply Xiashuangguo II fertilizer.

In one embodiment, autumn base fertilizer is applied after the apples are harvested in autumn, and combined with organic fertilizer, the hole is dug and applied. The diameter of the fertilization hole is 40 cm, the depth is 40 cm, and 18-20 kg is applied for every 1000 kg of apples produced.

In one embodiment, the spring sprouting fertilizer is applied in mid-April, in the form of furrows or integrated with water and fertilizer, and 10-13 kg is applied for every 1000 kg of apples produced.

In one embodiment, the summer puffed fruit I fertilizer is applied in early and mid-June, in the form of furrows or integrated with water and fertilizer, and 13-15 kg is applied for every 1000 kg of apples produced.

In one embodiment, the Xiashuangguo II fertilizer is applied from early July to mid-August, in the form of furrows or integrated with water and fertilizer, 15-18 kg per 1000 kg of apples produced, and topdressed every 20 days or so. Apply 1 time, 3 times in total, the dosage for the first time is 7-8kg, the dosage for the second time is 5-6kg, and the dosage for the third time is 3-4kg.

The apple fertilizer composition provided by the invention is composed of autumn base fertilizer, spring sprout fertilizer, summer puffy fruit I fertilizer and summer puffy fruit II fertilizer, wherein the weight percent of the active ingredients of autumn base fertilizer is: amide nitrogen 16-17%, nitrate nitrogen 2-3%, phosphorus pentoxide 12%, potassium oxide 13-15% and calcium oxide 10%, magnesium oxide 2%, boron 0.2%, zinc 0.3%; Spring bud fertilizer active ingredient weight percentage is: ammonium nitrogen 6 -8%, nitrate nitrogen 8-10%, calcium oxide 15%; the weight percentage of active ingredients of Xiashuangguo I fertilizer is: ammonium nitrogen 14-16%, nitrate nitrogen 6-8%, phosphorus pentoxide 4% , Potassium oxide 16-18% and boron 0.1%; Xiashuangguo II fertilizer active ingredient weight percent is: ammonium nitrogen 8-9%, nitrate nitrogen 3-4%, phosphorus pentoxide 5%, potassium oxide 25- 27% and Calcium Oxide 8%, Magnesium Oxide 1.5%. The apple fertilizer composition provided by the invention is based on the absorption and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients in different stages of the apple annual cycle, formulating scientific formulas for different stages, so that the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and medium and trace element nutrients is balanced. , which can not only meet the needs of different growth and development stages of the tree, improve yield and quality, but also facilitate fruit farmers to choose fertilizers, improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, and protect the ecological environment. It can be called the apple annual nutrition package fertilizer.

The annual apple nutrition package fertilizer is determined according to the nutrient demand characteristics of trees in different periods, and can simultaneously provide slow-acting nitrogen sources and quick-acting nitrogen sources, macronutrients and medium-trace elements to meet the nutrient requirements of apples in various stages of growth and development.

The invention also discloses an application method of the apple anniversary nutrition package fertilizer, which can not only increase apple yield, improve quality, and increase income, but also realize efficient utilization of fertilizers and protect the environment.

detailed description

Example 1

A fertilizer composition for apples, consisting of autumn base fertilizer, spring sprout fertilizer, summer puffed fruit I fertilizer and summer puffed fruit II fertilizer, wherein:

The weight percentage of active ingredients of autumn base fertilizer is: 17% of amide nitrogen, 3% of nitrate nitrogen, 12% of phosphorus pentoxide, 13% of potassium oxide, 10% of calcium oxide, 2% of magnesium oxide, 0.2% of boron and 0.3% of zinc;

The percentage by weight of the active ingredients of the Spring Germination Fertilizer is: 6% of ammonium nitrogen, 9% of nitrate nitrogen, and 15% of calcium oxide;

The weight percent of active ingredients of Xiabangguo I fertilizer is: 16% of ammonium nitrogen, 7% of nitrate nitrogen, 4% of phosphorus pentoxide, 17% of potassium oxide and 0.1% of boron;

The weight percent of effective components of Xiabangguo II fertilizer is: 9% of ammonium nitrogen, 3% of nitrate nitrogen, 5% of phosphorus pentoxide, 26% of potassium oxide, 8% of calcium oxide and 1.5% of magnesium oxide.

Example 2

From 2015 to 2016, experiments were conducted in Guanzhuang Village, Laishan Town, Laishan District, Yantai, Shandong. The test material is 8-year-old Yanfu 3/M26, the spacing between plants and rows is 2.0m×4.0m, and the test site is 20 mu. Fertilization treatment was carried out in the autumn of 2015, and two treatments were established: treatment one, the fertilizer composition provided in Example 1; treatment two, traditional fertilization. The detailed fertilization information of the two treatments is shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Detailed fertilization information of the two treatments

On October 18, 2016, the yield and fruit quality were measured on the spot when the fruit was ripe, and the results are shown in Table 2: Compared with traditional fertilization, the yield increased by 519kg per mu after adopting the present invention, and the yield increased by 12.56%; the sugar content increased by 1.1 units, Hardness has also been increased, increasing shelf life. At the same time, the input amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium per mu is also significantly reduced. Compared with traditional fertilization, the present invention can save 46.57% of nitrogen, 63.38% of phosphorus and 24.25% of potassium while increasing production and quality. It can be seen that the present invention can meet the nutrient requirements of each stage of tree growth and fruit development, and the effect of increasing production and efficiency is remarkable.

Table 2 Comparison of fruit yield, quality and fertilizer input in different treatments

The apple annual nutritional package fertilizer and application method provided by the invention are determined according to the nutrient demand characteristics and yield and quality formation rules of apples in different growth and development stages, can meet the nutrient needs of apples in different growth and development stages, and improve apple yield and quality , At the same time, it can also improve the efficiency of fertilizer use and reduce the negative impact of fertilization on the environment.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of apple Ru 2006101161, it is characterised in that by autumn base manure, spring rudiment fertilizer, the summer swollen fertilizer of fruit I and the summer swollen fertilizer of fruit II Composition, wherein：

Autumn base manure active ingredient percentage by weight is：Amidonitrogen 16-17%, nitrate nitrogen 2-3%, phosphorus pentoxide 12%, oxygen Change potassium 13-15%, calcium oxide 10%, magnesia 2%, boron 0.2% and zinc 0.3%；

Spring rudiment fertilizer active ingredient percentage by weight be：Ammonium nitrogen 6-8%, nitrate nitrogen 8-10%, calcium oxide 15%；

Summer, the swollen fertilizer of fruit I active ingredient percentage by weight was：Ammonium nitrogen 14-16%, nitrate nitrogen 6-8%, phosphorus pentoxide 4%, oxygen Change potassium 16-18% and boron 0.1%；

Summer, the swollen fertilizer of fruit II active ingredient percentage by weight was：Ammonium nitrogen 8-9%, nitrate nitrogen 3-4%, phosphorus pentoxide 5%, oxidation Potassium 25-27%, calcium oxide 8% and magnesia 1.5%.

2. apple Ru 2006101161 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the autumn base manure active ingredient weight hundred Point ratio is：Amidonitrogen 17%, nitrate nitrogen 3%, phosphorus pentoxide 12%, potassium oxide 13%, calcium oxide 10%, magnesia 2%, Boron 0.2% and zinc 0.3%.

3. apple Ru 2006101161 according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the fertile active ingredient weight of the spring rudiment Percentage is：Ammonium nitrogen 6%, nitrate nitrogen 9%, calcium oxide 15%.

4. apple Ru 2006101161 according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the fertile active ingredient weight of the summer swollen fruit I Measuring percentage is：Ammonium nitrogen 16%, nitrate nitrogen 7%, phosphorus pentoxide 4%, potassium oxide 17% and boron 0.1%.

5. apple Ru 2006101161 according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the fertile active ingredient weight of the summer swollen fruit II Measuring percentage is：Ammonium nitrogen 9%, nitrate nitrogen 3%, phosphorus pentoxide 5%, potassium oxide 26%, calcium oxide 8% and magnesia 1.5%.

6. the application process of the apple Ru 2006101161 described in Claims 1 to 5 any one, including：

In the fall autumn base manure is applied after apple harvesting；

Spring rudiment fertilizer is applied in mid-April；

In early and middle ten dayses application summer in the June swollen fertilizer of fruit I；

At the beginning of 7 months the summer swollen fertilizer of fruit II was applied to mid-August.

7. application process according to claim 6, it is characterised in that apply autumn base manure after apple harvesting in the fall, with reference to Organic fertilizer, which is dug, spreads manuer in holes into, a diameter of 40 centimetres of cave of applying fertilizer, and depth is 40cm, often produces 1000kg apples and applies 18~20kg.

8. application process according to claim 7, it is characterised in that spring rudiment fertilizer is applied in mid-April, and bar trench is applied Or applied using water-fertilizer integral, often produce 1000kg apples and apply 10~13kg.

9. application process according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the summer, the swollen fertilizer of fruit I was in early and middle ten dayses application in June, bar trench Apply or applied using water-fertilizer integral, often produce 1000kg apples and apply 13~15kg.

10. application process according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the summer, the swollen fertilizer of fruit II was applied at the beginning of 7 months to mid-August, Bar trench is applied or applied using water-fertilizer integral, is often produced 1000kg apples and is applied 15~18kg, 1 was imposed every 20 days or so It is secondary, apply altogether 3 times, the 1st consumption is 7~8kg, the 2nd consumption is 5~6kg, and the 3rd consumption is 3~4kg.