CN107161160B - A method and device for forming a vacuum for pipeline traffic by pushing and exhausting piston type vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for pushing and exhausting piston vehicles to form a vacuum for pipeline traffic. The specific steps include: 1) two piston vehicles a and b respectively enter the air lock station; 2) close the inner isolation door of the air lock station to make the air The traffic pipeline between gate stations forms a closed pipeline; 3) Adjust the piston ring on the piston vehicle to seal the piston vehicle with the pipeline; 4) Two piston vehicles a and b drive in opposite directions to let the air be discharged from the exhaust valve ;5) When the two piston vehicles a and b run to the middle of the pipeline, close the exhaust valve to complete an exhaust process; 6) piston vehicles a and b drive back to the airlock stations A and B of their respective starting points. And a device for pushing and exhausting piston vehicles to form a vacuum for pipeline traffic, including pipelines, piston vehicles, pistons, auxiliary pistons, longitudinal beams, connecting rods, magnetic crawlers, exhaust valves for moving wheels and exhaust devices. The invention can improve the vacuum pumping efficiency of pipeline transportation and reduce construction and operation costs.

Description

A method and device for forming a vacuum for pipeline traffic by pushing and exhausting piston type vehicles

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vacuum pipeline transportation, and in particular relates to a method and a device for forming a vacuum for pipeline transportation by pushing and exhausting piston type vehicles.

Background technique

Vacuum pipeline transportation is a future transportation system that is in the research and development stage. Before the system runs, the air in the pipeline must be exhausted to establish a vacuum environment to ensure that the vacuum in the pipeline is within the specified low pressure range. After a period of operation, and under the action of various air leakage factors, the vacuum degree in the pipeline will decrease (the air pressure will increase), and the aerodynamic resistance of the vehicle will increase. In order to reduce the air pressure and restore the vacuum degree in the pipeline to the rated level, it is necessary to carry out vacuum maintenance work, that is, to supplement the vacuum pipeline or use other appropriate methods to remove residual gas.

Evacuation with a vacuum pump is a well-known method of creating a vacuum. For vacuum pipeline transportation, vacuum pumps can be arranged along the pipeline to remove gas, form and maintain vacuum for the pipeline. The patent application "Applying vacuum pumps and vehicle exhaust in stages to vacuumize pipeline traffic" (patent number: CN 201610479045.0) involves this exhaust vacuuming method.

In addition to using a vacuum pump to evacuate the vacuum pipeline, the vehicle can also be used to exhaust the exhaust. The suction device and compressor installed at the front of the vehicle driving in the pipeline capture the gas, and store it in the vehicle-mounted high-pressure gas storage tank after compression. After the vehicle arrives at the site, the trapped gas is taken out of the vacuum pipeline, or the gas in the gas storage tank is discharged from the pipeline in an appropriate way. The patent application "Vacuum pipeline high-speed traffic operation exhaust system" (Patent No.: CN 2009103059627) provides this exhaust vacuum method, and at the same time the patent application "staged application of vacuum pump and vehicle exhaust as a pipeline traffic vacuum method" (Patent No.: CN 201610479045.0) also involves this exhaust and vacuum method.

In addition, the gas in the pipeline can also be discharged from the one-way valve by squeezing the piston effect of the running vehicle. The patent application "Piston Effect Exhaust Vacuum Setting for Vacuum Pipeline Transportation Vehicles" (Patent No.: CN 201510724755.0) provides this exhaust vacuum method. Its characteristic is that the running vehicle must run at a high speed enough to quickly squeeze the gas in the local area in front of it, and the exhaust holes and exhaust valves must be densely distributed along the pipeline.

The above exhaust and vacuum method does not require smoothness in the pipeline, but the exhaust efficiency is not high. The patent application "Maglev transportation system with external power system thin-walled vacuum pipeline" (patent number: CN 201010192101.5) provides a linear motor for driving the vehicle and a suspension device for suspending the vehicle to the outside of the pipeline. method that makes it possible to keep the interior of the pipe perfectly smooth. For pipelines with smooth inner walls, piston vehicles can be used to push out the gas in the pipeline, improve the efficiency of exhaust and vacuum pumping, and reduce the transportation and operation costs of vacuum pipelines.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for pushing and exhausting piston vehicles to form a vacuum for pipeline traffic. The invention effectively reduces the cost and investment of vacuum pipeline traffic forming and maintaining vacuum, and improves the overall economic benefits of vacuum pipeline traffic.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A method of pushing and exhausting piston vehicles to form a vacuum for pipeline traffic. Two piston vehicles drive towards each other in a sealed pipeline to form a certain vacuum environment in the traffic pipeline. The specific steps are as follows:

1) Two piston vehicles a and b respectively enter two airlock stations A and B which are far apart;

2) After two piston vehicles a and b enter the pipeline from the airlock station, close the inner isolation doors of the airlock stations A and B, so that the traffic pipeline between the airlock stations A and B forms a closed pipeline;

3) Adjust the piston rings on the two piston vehicles a and b to seal the piston vehicles with the pipeline;

4) Two piston vehicles a and b start to drive towards each other, use the two piston vehicles a and b running in opposite directions to push and compress the air in front, so that the air will be discharged from the exhaust valve, when the piston vehicle reaches each exhaust valve When the valve is closed, the exhaust valve is closed;

5) When the two piston vehicles a and b run to the exhaust valve in the middle of the pipeline, close the exhaust valve to complete an exhaust process;

6) Piston vehicles a and b drive back to the airlock stations A and B of their respective starting points, and leave the traffic pipeline from the airlock stations A and B.

If there is no need to further increase the vacuum degree of the pipeline, when the piston vehicles a and b drive back in the step 6), the piston rings on the piston vehicles a and b shrink and break away from the pipeline wall, thereby reducing the pressure of the piston vehicles when they are running. frictional resistance.

If it is necessary to further increase the vacuum degree of the pipeline, when the piston vehicles a and b drive back in step 6), adjust the degree of compression between the piston rings on the piston vehicles a and b and the pipeline wall, and open the airlock station at the same time The nearby one-way valve enables the residual gas in the push pipeline to be discharged when the piston vehicles a and b drive back to the air lock station, further improving the vacuum degree in the pipeline.

And a device for pushing and exhausting piston-type vehicles to form a vacuum for pipeline traffic, including the pipeline and the piston-type vehicle body. The inner wall of the pipeline is smooth and continuous in the longitudinal direction. The gas valve station is set at a distance; several exhaust valves are arranged on the pipeline between the gas valve stations, and each exhaust valve is equipped with an exhaust device; several magnetic guide machine lines are arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline; the longitudinal beam passes through the piston vehicle body, Pistons are installed at both ends of the longitudinal beam; a piston ring a is provided on the edge of the piston, and the piston ring a is made of a material with elasticity and good sealing effect; an expansion and contraction device is installed on the piston ring a, and the distance between the piston ring a and the pipe wall can be adjusted as required There are several sets of magnetic crawlers on the piston vehicle body corresponding to the magnetic guide line, and each set of magnetic crawlers contains a number of moving wheels; the surface of the magnetic crawler has a certain curvature, and the curvature of the arc is consistent with the radius of the pipeline, so that the magnetic crawler The surface magnet can be closely matched with the inner wall of the pipeline; the magnetic crawlers are connected by several connecting rings, and the longitudinal beam and the connecting ring are fixedly connected by several connecting rods.

The exhaust valve is a one-way valve; the exhaust device is an exhaust fan or a vacuum pump.

An auxiliary piston is installed on the longitudinal beam inside the piston, and the edge of the auxiliary piston is provided with a piston ring b; the piston ring b is provided with an expansion and contraction device, which can adjust the pressure between the piston ring b and the pipe wall as required.

The piston vehicle can be driven by a magnetic guide machine. At this time, special-shaped reinforcing rib rings are installed on the outer wall of the pipeline at a certain distance. The special-shaped reinforcing rib ring is an arch structure at the position of the guide machine line, and the arch allows the magnetic guide machine to pass through freely; The position of the magnetic guiding machine on the outer wall of the pipeline is equipped with a movable magnetic guiding machine. The magnet of the magnetic guiding machine has a certain radian. The magnetic poles on the surface of the guide machine magnet and the magnetic poles on the surface of the magnetic crawler are set according to the attraction relationship. The magnetic guiding machine is a magnetic crawler or rolling wheel type; the magnetic guiding machine takes power from the power supply line, power supply rail, power supply bar or its own battery arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline; the magnetic guiding machine uses magnetic crawlers, electromagnets, or Permanent magnets drive the magnetic tracks.

The piston vehicle can also be driven autonomously. At this time, ferromagnetic guide rails are set at the corresponding positions of the magnetic crawlers on the outer wall of the pipeline; the power supply lines, power supply rails or power supply bars are embedded in the inner wall of the pipeline, and the surface of the inner wall of the pipeline remains smooth. The piston-type vehicle body takes power from the power supply line, power supply rail, power supply bar or self-contained battery provided on the inner wall of the pipeline; the magnetic crawler is driven independently.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

Compared with simply using a vacuum pump to evacuate from normal pressure to the rated vacuum degree, it can avoid the problem of low vacuum exhaust efficiency of the vacuum pump in the later stage, effectively reduce the cost and investment of forming a vacuum for the vacuum pipeline traffic and maintaining the vacuum, and improve the vacuum pipeline traffic. overall economic benefits.

Compared with simply using the running exhaust method to evacuate from normal pressure to the rated vacuum degree, it can avoid the need for a large number of gas storage cylinders and exhaust efficiency due to the large amount of gas in the early exhaust stage (first stage) of the operating exhaust method. The problem is not high, effectively reducing the cost and investment of forming a vacuum and maintaining the vacuum for vacuum pipeline transportation, and improving the overall economic benefits of vacuum pipeline transportation.

Compared with the exhaust vacuum method given in the patent application "piston effect exhaust vacuum setting for traffic vehicles running in vacuum pipeline" (patent number: CN201510724755.0), there is no need to arrange exhaust valves densely along the pipeline, and there is no need to Exhaust vehicle traveling at high speed. In the scheme given in this case, there is no gap between the piston and the pipe wall during the exhaust process, and the gas will not leak to the rear of the exhaust vehicle, which can greatly improve the pumping effect to achieve a high vacuum degree at one time, and effectively reduce the traffic to the vacuum pipeline. The cost and investment of forming and maintaining vacuum can improve the overall economic benefits of vacuum pipeline transportation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a piston vehicle driven by a magnetic crawler guide machine;

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a piston vehicle driven by a magnetic crawler guide;

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pipeline after adding special-shaped reinforcing ribs;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an autonomous driving piston vehicle;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the piston vehicle and the pipeline when the self-driving piston vehicle;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the push exhaust process of two piston-type vehicles traveling in opposite directions.

In the figure, pipeline (1); piston vehicle body (2); piston (3); auxiliary piston (4); longitudinal beam (5); connecting ring (6); magnetic track (7); driving wheel (8); Magnetic guide machine (9); connecting rod (10); special-shaped reinforcing rib (11); ferromagnetic guide rail (12); exhaust valve (13); exhaust device (14); piston ring a (31); piston circle b (41); magnet (91).

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the inner wall of the pipe must be smooth, the pipe wall is thin, 1~8mm, and it is made of non-magnetic material. The cross-section of the pipe is a regular circle, and it can also be an ellipse or other shapes without edges and corners. The longitudinal direction of the pipe must be continuous and smooth to ensure that the piston vehicle body can move forward smoothly without air leakage to the rear.

Piston-type vehicles are provided with pistons at the front end and rear end, and the piston ring a around the piston is made of rubber material, or other materials with elasticity and good sealing effect. Piston ring a also can adopt as the magnetic sealing strip that common refrigerator door seals. The piston ring a is provided with an expansion and contraction device, which can adjust the pressure between the piston ring a and the pipe wall as required. Under non-working conditions that do not require exhaust, the piston ring a shrinks and breaks away from the pipe wall, thereby reducing the frictional resistance when the piston vehicle body is running. In order to achieve a better sealing effect, a second auxiliary piston and a piston ring b with expansion and contraction devices can be provided.

If the sealing effect of piston ring a and piston ring b is very good, then only one set of piston and auxiliary piston can be arranged at the front end or rear end of the piston type vehicle body.

The piston vehicle body is provided with magnetic crawlers, and a movable magnetic guide machine is provided at a relative position outside the pipeline, which is used to drive the piston vehicle body forward. There can be one or more magnetic crawlers as a component of the piston type vehicle body driving device, such as two, three or four. The magnet on the surface of the magnetic track has a certain radian, and the curvature of the arc is consistent with the radius of the pipeline, so that the magnet on the surface of the magnetic track can closely match the inner wall of the pipeline, or the gap can be as small as possible.

The front and rear pistons of the piston-type vehicle body and the vehicle are connected by a longitudinal beam, and the longitudinal beam and the magnetic crawler are connected by a connecting rod, and the driving wheel is used to drive the magnetic crawler.

The magnetic guide magnet outside the pipeline has a certain radian, and the curvature of the arc is consistent with the radius of the pipeline, so that the surface of the guide magnet can closely match the outer wall of the pipeline, or the gap can be as small as possible. The magnetic poles on the surface of the magnet of the guide machine and the magnetic poles on the surface of the magnetic crawler inside the pipeline are set according to the mutual attraction relationship. The guide machine has electric brushes, which take power from the power supply lines (or power supply rails, or power supply bars) set on the outer wall of the pipeline. The guide machine can also be powered by a battery, and can also be driven by a linear motor. At this time, the outer wall of the pipeline is provided with a long stator, and the guide machine is provided with a short stator. The guide machine can be a magnetic track pattern similar to a piston vehicle, or it can be other modes that can drive the magnetic track of the piston vehicle body, such as a linear motor, an electromagnet, or a permanent magnet pattern.

As shown in Figure 3, the guidance machine adopts the unmanned driving mode, and drives automatically according to the preset program, or drives according to the remote control mode. Several guide machines corresponding to a piston vehicle body can drive independently, using technologies such as remote sensing, sensing, and sensing to ensure synchronization. For the thin-walled pipelines involved in the present invention, it is necessary to set a reinforcing rib ring every certain distance, such as 30~50m, and the reinforcing rib ring will hinder the driving of the guide machine. To solve this problem, the present invention provides a special-shaped reinforcing rib The circle forms an arch structure at the position of the guide machine line to allow the guide machine to pass through smoothly.

As shown in Figure 4, in addition to setting magnetic crawlers for the piston vehicle body and driving the piston vehicle forward by the guide machine outside the pipeline, an autonomous piston vehicle can also be used, that is, it does not rely on the guide machine to drive forward. The self-driving piston vehicle can be set as manned or unmanned. The manned piston vehicle can be driven by the staff on the vehicle, or unmanned. The unmanned piston vehicle moves forward in an unmanned manner. The self-driving piston vehicle provides driving power through its own battery, and a power supply line (or power supply rail, or power supply bar) can also be set on the inner wall of the pipeline to provide driving power for the piston vehicle. The power supply line (or power supply rail, or power supply bar) Embedded in the inner wall of the pipe, the surface of the inner wall of the pipe remains smooth.

As shown in Figure 5, for the non-magnetic pipeline involved in the present invention, when the self-driving piston vehicle method is adopted, the outer wall of the pipeline corresponding to the position of the magnetic crawler should be provided with a ferromagnetic guide rail along the line to provide driving force for the magnetic crawler, and Stabilizes piston vehicles against roll rotation.

Set exhaust valves at intervals along the pipeline (larger distances, greater than 100km). According to needs, the exhaust valves along the pipeline can also be arranged densely, such as one every 1km.

As shown in Figure 6, after the piston-type vehicle exhaust and vacuum work starts, a pressure difference of up to one atmosphere will be formed between the front and rear of the vehicle, and the power required by the pilot machine to drive the piston-type vehicle body forward will be very high. In order to reduce this pressure difference, an exhaust fan or a vacuum pump is installed at the exhaust valve to reduce the pressure in front of the piston vehicle body.

The specific embodiment of the present invention is:

The inner wall of the pipe is smooth, the pipe wall is thin, and it is made of non-magnetic material; pistons are arranged at the front and rear ends of the piston vehicle, and piston rings are arranged around the piston; the body of the piston vehicle is equipped with magnetic crawlers, and the guide machine (9) is arranged outside the pipeline , used to drive the piston vehicle to move forward; the piston vehicle body pushes the air in front when it advances, and discharges it through the exhaust valve to reduce the air pressure in the pipeline and form a vacuum environment required for vacuum pipeline transportation.

Piston ring a is made of rubber material, or other materials with elasticity and good sealing effect; especially, piston ring a and piston ring b are made of magnetic sealing strips, which have small friction coefficient and good sealing effect.

The piston ring a or piston ring b is provided with an expansion and contraction device, which can adjust the pressure between the piston ring and the pipe wall according to the needs; under non-working conditions that do not require exhaust, the piston ring shrinks and breaks away from the pipe wall, thereby reducing Frictional resistance when the piston vehicle body is running.

An auxiliary piston is provided for the piston to achieve a better sealing effect; the second auxiliary piston is equipped with an expansion-contraction device and a piston ring b.

The surface of the track is a permanent magnet, and the surface of the magnet has a certain radian. The curvature of the arc is consistent with the radius of the pipeline, so that the magnet on the surface of the track can closely match the inner wall of the pipeline, or the gap can be as small as possible.

The guide machine can be in magnetic crawler mode or rolling wheel type; the guide machine can provide power through its own battery, or it can be obtained from the power supply line (or power supply rail, or power supply bar) arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline through a brush electricity.

It can be driven by a guiding machine, or it can be driven by an appropriate linear motor on the outer wall of the pipeline; especially, it can also drive autonomously.

The piston vehicle body can be manned or unmanned; it can be driven manually or autonomously through automatic control.

Piston vehicles can be powered by their own batteries, or they can get power from the power supply lines (or power supply rails, or power supply bars) embedded on the inner wall of the pipeline through brushes.

A ferromagnetic guide rail is set on the outer wall of the pipeline corresponding to the magnetic track to provide force for the magnetic track and prevent the piston vehicle body from rolling and rotating.

Set special-shaped reinforcing ribs for the pipeline, and set an arched structure at the position where the guiding machine passes, so that the guiding machine can pass through the position of the reinforcing ribs smoothly.

The working principle of the present invention is:

As shown in Figure 6, a method for pushing and exhausting a piston vehicle to form a vacuum for pipeline traffic, its specific implementation includes the following steps:

In the first step, two piston vehicles a and b respectively enter two airlock stations far apart, airlock station A and airlock station B, and the distance is greater than 100km.

In the second step, the inner isolation doors of airlock station A and airlock station B are opened, two piston vehicles a and b drive out of the airlock station respectively, and start to drive in opposite directions at a speed of 20-80km/h, as shown in Figure 6 .

In the third step, as the piston vehicle moves forward, the air in front is pushed and squeezed, and the pushed gas is squeezed out from the middle valve or drawn out by a vacuum pump, and a vacuum with lower pressure is formed behind the vehicle.

In the fourth step, when the two piston vehicles a and b reach the midpoint exhaust valve, an exhaust process is completed. Then close the exhaust valve, the piston ring shrinks and unclamps, and the piston vehicle drives back to the respective starting point airlock station A and airlock station B. If there is an airlock station near this intermediate position that can enable the piston vehicle to leave the pipeline, it can be left nearby.

One-way valves can also be installed near the inner isolation doors of airlock station A and airlock station B to adjust the compression between the piston ring and the pipe wall when the piston vehicles a and b drive to airlock station A and airlock station B In the process of driving the piston vehicle back to the airlock station, the residual gas in the pipeline can be pushed out from the one-way valve near the airlock station, so that the vacuum degree in the pipeline can be further improved. The one-way valve near the airlock station can be equipped with a vacuum pump to assist in the discharge of compressed gas.

In the above steps, only the intermediate valves or the valves near the airlock station are kept in working condition. In fact, more valves can also be arranged along the pipeline. When the piston vehicle is moving forward and the air pressure in front is high, the gas can be discharged nearby and in time, reducing the running resistance of the piston vehicle and improving the exhaust efficiency. When the front piston ring of the piston vehicle reaches the valve, the valve closes immediately.

The arrangement and method provided by the present invention can be used for exhausting and vacuumizing pipelines from normal pressure, and can also be used for supplementary vacuuming for pipeline transportation.

Claims (5)

1. it is the device that conduit traffic forms vacuum, including pipeline (1) and piston type vehicle that a kind of piston type vehicle, which pushes exhaust, Ontology (2), it is characterised in that:

Pipeline (1) inner wall smooth, is longitudinally continuous, 1 ~ 8mm of thickness of pipe wall, is non magnetic material；Every 100km or more on pipeline (1) Distance setting air-lock station；It is arranged several drain taps (13) on pipeline (1) between air-lock station, is equipped on each drain tap (13) Exhaust apparatus (14)；Several magnetic guiding machine circuits are set on the outer wall of pipeline (1)；

Stringer (5) passes through piston type vehicle body (2), and piston (3) are installed at stringer (5) both ends；Piston (3) edge is equipped with piston ring A(31), piston ring a(31) it is with elasticity and the good material of sealing effect；Piston ring a(31) on be provided with expanding device, Can regulating piston circle a(31 as needed) with the pressure between pipeline (1) wall；On piston type vehicle body (2) and magnetic guiding The corresponding position of machine circuit is equipped with several groups magnetic track (7), and every group of magnetic track (7) includes several driving wheels (8)；Magnetic track (7) surface crawler belt has certain radian, and radius of the radian is consistent with pipeline (1) radius, enables magnetic track (7) surface magnet Enough with pipeline (1) inner wall tight connecting；It is connected between magnetic track (7) by several connection rings (6), stringer (5) and connection ring (6) It is fixedly connected by several connecting rods (10)；

The magnetic guiding machine circuit position of pipeline (1) outer wall sets moveable magnetic guiding machine (9), magnetic guiding machine (9) Magnet (91) have certain radian, the radius of the radian is consistent with pipeline (1) radius, so that magnetic guiding machine (9) magnet (91) surface can be with pipeline (1) outer wall tight connecting, and magnetic guiding machine (9) magnet (91) surface magnetic pole is with magnetic track (7) Surface magnetic pole is arranged by attracting relationship.

2. it is the device that conduit traffic forms vacuum that a kind of piston type vehicle according to claim 1, which pushes exhaust, special Sign is that the drain tap (13) is check valve；Exhaust apparatus (14) is air exhauster or vacuum pump.

3. it is the device that conduit traffic forms vacuum that a kind of piston type vehicle according to claim 1, which pushes exhaust, special Sign is, installs auxiliary piston (4) on the stringer (5) on the inside of the piston (3), and the edge of auxiliary piston (4) is equipped with piston ring b (41)；Piston ring b(41) on be provided with expanding device, can regulating piston circle b(41 as needed) with the pressure between pipeline (1) wall Power.

4. it is the device that conduit traffic forms vacuum that a kind of piston type vehicle according to claim 1, which pushes exhaust, special Sign is that magnetic guiding machine circuit is arranged in the corresponding position of the pipeline (1) outer wall magnetic track (7)；Pipeline (1) inner wall table Face keeps smooth.

5. it is the device that conduit traffic forms vacuum that a kind of piston type vehicle according to claim 4, which pushes exhaust, special Sign is that the magnetic guiding machine (9) is magnetic track formula structure；Magnetic guiding machine (9) is from being arranged in pipeline (1) outer wall Supply lines, power rail or included battery take electricity.