CN107107926A - Coupler buffer for rail vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

A coupler buffer for a railway vehicle comprises a mounting seat (1), at least two energy absorption parts (2), a traction rod (3), a locking part (4), a rotating shaft cylinder (5) arranged in a mounting hole (1-1) of the mounting seat (1), a guide block (7) and a snapping part (6); the guide block is fixed on the mounting seat through a snapping component arranged in the axial direction so as to limit the axial movement of the rotating shaft cylinder in the mounting hole; the rotating shaft cylinder is provided with a partition plate (5-3) approximately perpendicular to the axial direction, and the traction rod can movably and axially penetrate through a partition plate hole (5-3-1) of the partition plate; two sides of the clapboard are respectively provided with at least one energy absorption part sleeved on the traction rod and locked by a locking part; the mounting seat is provided with a guide groove (1-2), the guide block is at least partially arranged in the guide groove, the snapping component is snapped approximately axially when the coupler buffer is overloaded, and at least the traction rod drives the rotating shaft barrel to move in the guide groove in a guiding mode through the guide block. The overload releasing structure of the coupler buffer is simple, the coupler buffer cannot be deflected and clamped in the releasing process, and the overall structure is simple and compact.

Description

Coupler buffer for rail vehicles technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of couplers for rail vehicles, and relates to a coupler buffer for rail vehicles.

Background technique

At present, the passive protection performance of rail vehicles has attracted more and more attention, and the coupler buffer, as a key component for transmitting and buffering the vehicle's own traction and impact, is directly related to the safety and comfort of train operation. When the vehicle collides, the coupler buffer will absorb energy. When the load is too large, the coupler buffer installed at the front of the driver's cab will be removed and returned to the inside of the car body (that is, overload detachment), thereby allowing the space at the end of the car.

In the prior art, due to different buffer media, there are various forms of coupler buffers used in rail vehicles, and the structural design of overload release is also different. The coupler buffer has a relatively complicated detachment structure and poor fatigue life, making The coupler buffer is not compact as a whole; moreover, it lacks a good guide when the overload is released, and it is easy to cause offset problems during the release process.

Contents of the invention

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a coupler buffer for rail vehicles with a simple structure and compact structure.

Another object of the present invention is to prevent the offset jamming of the coupler buffer for rail vehicles during the detachment process.

Another object of the present invention is to increase the fatigue life of the coupler buffer connector.

To achieve the above or other objectives, the present invention provides a coupler buffer for rail vehicles, including a mounting seat, at least two energy-absorbing components, a drawbar and a locking member, and also includes:

a rotating shaft cylinder installed in the mounting hole of the mounting seat;

a guide block and a breaking part, the guide block is fixed on the mounting seat through an axially arranged breaking part to limit the axial movement of the rotating shaft cylinder inside the mounting hole;

Wherein, a baffle plate approximately perpendicular to the axial direction is arranged in the rotating shaft cylinder, and the draw bar movably passes axially through the baffle plate hole of the baffle plate;

Wherein, the two sides of the partition are respectively provided with at least one The energy-absorbing component is locked by the locking member;

Wherein, the mounting base is provided with a guide groove, and the guide block is at least partially placed in the guide groove, and when the coupler buffer is overloaded, the breaking part is generally broken axially and at least the The traction rod drives the rotating shaft cylinder to guide and move in the guide groove through the guide block.

Description of drawings

The above and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more complete and clear from the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a coupler buffer for a rail vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an A-A sectional view of the coupler buffer for a rail vehicle of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a partial B-B sectional view of the coupler buffer for a rail vehicle in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a left side view of the rotating shaft cylinder of the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the mounting seat of the coupler buffer for rail vehicles in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 6 is a front view of the drawbar of the coupler buffer for rail vehicles in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 7 is a C-C sectional view of the drawbar of the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 .

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the compression of the elastic body on the right side of the coupler buffer for rail vehicles in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the compression of the left elastic body of the coupler buffer for rail vehicles in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 10 is a schematic fracture view of the breaking part of the coupler buffer for rail vehicles in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 11 is a front view of a coupler buffer for a rail vehicle according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The following introduces some of the possible embodiments of the present invention, which are intended to provide a basic understanding of the present invention, but are not intended to identify key or decisive elements of the present invention or limit the scope of protection. It is easy to understand that, according to the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art may propose other alternative implementation manners without changing the essence and spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings are only technical aspects of the present invention. It should not be regarded as the entirety of the present invention or as a limitation or restriction on the technical solution of the present invention.

In the following description, for clarity and conciseness of description, not all the various components shown in the figures are described in detail. The figures show a number of components to provide those of ordinary skill in the art with a fully enabling implementation of the invention. The operation of many of the components will be familiar and apparent to those skilled in the art.

In this paper, the direction where the central axis of the drawbar is defined as the axial direction. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, which are used for relative description and clarification, and are not intended to limit any embodiment or the orientation of any embodiment’s components. to a specific direction or orientation.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a coupler buffer for a rail vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. The specific structure of a coupler buffer for a rail vehicle (hereinafter referred to as "buffer") according to an embodiment of the present invention will be illustrated below with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 7 .

As shown in Figures 1-7, in this embodiment, the buffer includes a mounting base 1, which can install the buffer on the vehicle at one end through the bolt mounting holes 1-5 on the mounting base 1 as shown in Figure 5 In general, the inside of the mounting base 1 passes through in the axial direction to form a mounting hole 1-1, and the mounting hole 1-1 penetrates the mounting base 1 in the axial direction to form an accommodating space. The buffer also mainly includes a draw rod 3 , a rotating shaft cylinder 5 , at least two elastic bodies 2 , a locking member 4 , a guide block 7 and a breaking part 6 arranged in the axial direction. The rotating shaft cylinder 5 is installed in the installation hole 1-1 of the mounting base 1. In this embodiment, the rotating shaft cylinder 5 includes two upper and lower rotating shafts 5-2 arranged on its outer periphery. Correspondingly, the upper and lower parts of the rotating shaft cylinder 5 are A guide block 7 is provided, and each guide block 7 is provided with a rotating shaft hole 7-1, and the upper and lower rotating shafts 5-2 of the rotating shaft cylinder 5 are rotatably connected with the guide block 7 respectively through the rotating shaft hole 7-1. During installation, as shown in Figure 3, each rotating shaft 5-2 of the rotating shaft cylinder 5 is correspondingly placed in the rotating shaft hole 7-1 of the guide block 7, and then the guide block 7 is fixed on the mounting seat 1 by breaking the component 6 In this way, the rotating shaft cylinder 5 is limited by the guide block 7 and the breaking part 6, thereby restricting the axial movement of the rotating shaft cylinder 5 inside the installation hole 1-1. The breaking part 6 can specifically be, but not limited to, a breaking bolt. The breaking bolt 6 is arranged roughly parallel to the axial direction, so that it is roughly arranged perpendicular to the end face 1-7 of the mounting seat. The breaking bolt 6 can be screwed into the In the threaded holes 1-6 of the mounting seat 1 shown, the guide block 7 is fixed.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the upper and lower two rotating shafts 5-2 are coaxially arranged in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the drawbar 3, and the upper and lower rotating shafts 5-2 are opposite to the mounting base 1 and the guide block 7 It is rotatable around its axis, so that the rotating shaft cylinder 5 can rotate around its axis through the upper and lower two rotating shafts 5-2 (in the scope of the mounting hole 1-1) under the effect of the biased force.

In order to improve the wear resistance of the upper and lower rotating shafts 5-2, a rotating shaft bushing 11 is sleeved on the outer periphery of each rotating shaft 5-2.

Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, two guide grooves 1-2 are arranged in the installation hole 1-1 of the mounting base 1 (for example, on its inner wall), and the guide grooves 1-2 are set corresponding to the guide block 7, The guide block 7 is at least partly placed in the guide groove 1-2, and when the bolt 6 is not broken, the guide block 7 can guide and move left and right in the guide groove, so that each rotating shaft 5-2 of the rotating shaft cylinder 5 is aligned with the The respective guide grooves 1-2 are slidingly fitted. When the breaking bolt 6 was fractured, the guide block 7 could move left and right relative to the guide groove 1-2, and the drawbar 3 drove the rotating shaft cylinder 5 to guide and move in the guide groove 1-2 by the guide block 7.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, a dustproof cover 9 is provided on the outer surface of the mounting seat 1, and a dustproof cover hole 1-3 is provided at the rotating shaft 5-2 of the mounting seat 1, and the dustproof cover 9 is detachable The ground cover is placed on the dust-proof cover hole 1-3 of the mounting base 1, and is fixedly connected with the mounting base 1; the setting of the dust-proof cover 9 can facilitate understanding of the installation state of the guide block 7, and has a dust-proof effect.

Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , the rotating shaft cylinder 5 is provided with a partition 5 - 3 , and the partition 5 - 3 is arranged approximately vertically to separate the corresponding installation holes 5 - 1 in the internal space of the rotating shaft cylinder 5 from left to right. The partition 5-3 may be arranged on an axis corresponding to the upper and lower rotating shafts 5-2. A partition hole 5-3-1 is correspondingly provided in the middle of the partition 5-3, and the drawbar 3 can axially pass through the partition hole 5-3-1 (as shown in FIG. 2 ). The radial dimension of the partition hole 5-3-1 is relatively larger than the radial dimension of the drawbar 3, so that the drawbar 3 is movable relative to the rotating shaft sleeve 5, for example, the drawbar 3 is in the partition hole 5-3- 1 to move left and right. Specifically, the partition hole 5-3-1 can be but not limited to a rectangular hole shape, especially, the upper and lower inner wall surfaces 5-3-2 of the partition hole 5-3-1 are set in a convex arc shape, also That is, the intersection line between the upper and lower inner wall surfaces 5-3-2 and the vertical section passing through the central axis of the rotating shaft cylinder 5 is convex arc-shaped or sharp-angled; -1 (see Figure 6), the swing plane 3-1 matches the upper and lower inner wall surfaces 5-3-2; thus, when the buffer is under normal load, the drawbar 3 is allowed to swing up and down in a small range relative to the axial direction , The convex arc-shaped structure of the upper and lower inner wall surfaces 5-3-2 can make the drawbar 3 swing up and down more smoothly.

Continuing to refer to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, the rotating shaft cylinder 5 can be substantially cylindrical, and several process holes (not shown) can be arranged on the cylinder wall of the rotating shaft cylinder 5, for example, the cylinder wall on the left side of the dividing plate 3 There are 2 to 6 process holes on the top. The setting of the process holes is conducive to saving materials and can be easily transported during the transportation process.

Referring to Fig. 2, the drawbar 3 is arranged in the axial direction, its left end can be connected with another car body through other connecting parts, and its right end is provided with a locking member 4, and the drawbar 3 can axially pass through the partition of the rotating shaft cylinder 5 movably. The partition plate hole 5-3-1 of the plate 5-3, like this, can be respectively provided with some elastic bodies 2 that are sleeved on the draw bar 3 on both sides of the divider 5-3; In this embodiment, the draw bar 3 The left end is fixedly provided with a stop portion 3-2 relative to the partition plate 5-3, and the right end of the drawbar 3 is detachably fixedly provided with a retaining ring 8 relative to the partition plate 5-3. In other embodiments, the stop portion 3-2 It can also be fixed on the left end of the drawbar 3 in a detachable fixed manner; a first space is formed between the stopper portion 3-2 and the dividing plate 5-3 (that is, the mounting hole 5-1 on the left side of the dividing plate 5-3 is included). Space), the second space is formed between the retaining ring 8 and the partition 5-3 (that is, the space including the installation hole 5-1 on the right side of the partition 5-3), for example, two elastic bodies are accommodated in the first space 2. An elastic body 2 is accommodated in the second space; when the breaking bolt 6 is not broken, the rotating shaft cylinder 5 is fixed relative to the mounting seat 1, so that when the drawbar 3 moves to the right (under the compressive load condition), the second When the first space decreases, the second space increases, and the two elastic bodies 2 in the first space are squeezed axially to absorb energy; when the drawbar 3 moves to the left (under tensile load conditions), the first space While increasing, the second space decreases, and an elastic body 2 in the second space is axially squeezed to absorb energy. The locking piece 4 is a part that is detachably fixed (for example, fixed by bolts) on the right end of the drawbar 3. When it is locked, the retaining ring 8 is held against by the locking piece 4 and fixed, so as to limit the axial direction of the elastic body 2. shift. Wherein, the radial dimension of the stop portion 3 - 2 and/or the retaining ring 8 may be smaller than the radial dimension of the rotating shaft cylinder 5 .

The elastic body 2 is a kind of energy-absorbing component, which can be squeezed and deformed in the axial direction to absorb energy. The particular material is not limiting and can substantially return to shape when not subjected to stress. When installing, before the traction rod 3 is installed, the two elastic bodies 2 shown in Figure 2 are set on the traction rod 3, and then the traction rod 3 is passed through the partition hole 5-3-1, and then the An elastic body 2 on the right side of the dividing plate 5-3 is sleeved on the drawbar 3, and then a retaining ring 8 is installed, and then the locking member 4 is tightened, so that the elastic body 2 can be locked.

In one embodiment, the number of elastic bodies 2 corresponding to the first space is greater than the number of elastic bodies 2 corresponding to the second space; in another embodiment, the number of elastic bodies 2 corresponding to the first space is smaller than the number of elastic bodies 2 corresponding to the second space The two spaces correspond to the number of elastic bodies 2 arranged. That is to say, the number of elastic bodies 2 in the first space/second space can be set according to the specific working conditions of compressive load and tensile load. The number of elastic bodies 2 is not limited, and the number of elastic bodies 2 can be set on the basis of ensuring that the elastic bodies 2 can fully absorb energy under normal load.

The inventor noticed that the connection disclosed in the existing patent PCT/EP2006/002903 device, in which the energy-absorbing part as a buffer medium is an elastic ring. Under the impact force, the shear deformation of the elastic ring and the damping of the material of the elastic ring are mainly used to absorb the impact energy. Therefore, the impact force during traction and braking acts on the same group of elastic rings as the buffer medium. On, and mainly in the form of alternating shear action, that is, deformation in the form of shear deformation, which is easy to cause short fatigue life of the elastomer, and it is difficult to meet the user's long-life use requirements.

In the buffer connectors of the above embodiments, the partition plate 5-3 is arranged so that the elastic bodies are placed on the left and right sides respectively, so that in the traction working condition and the braking working condition, they act on the elastic bodies on different sides respectively. , so that the elastic body compresses and deforms (instead of shearing) to absorb the impact energy, which is beneficial to significantly improve the fatigue life of the energy-absorbing component as a buffer medium, and the action form of the force transmitted by the drawbar 3 on the elastic body 2 is also more reasonable.

Continuing to refer to Fig. 2, in one embodiment, an intermediate partition 10 is also arranged between the two elastic bodies 2 arranged on the left side of the partition 5-3, and the intermediate partition 10 can separate the two elastic bodies 2, Thereby increasing the frictional force of the elastic body 2 and increasing the energy absorption capacity.

Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, there are several limiting holes 5-3-4 on both sides of the partition 5-3, and correspondingly, there are several limiting holes 5-3-4 on the elastic body 2 adjacent to the partition 5-3. The spacing protrusion 2-1 that hole 5-3-4 cooperates; Also can be provided with some spacing holes 8-1 on the retaining ring 8, correspondingly, on the elastic body 2 that is adjacent to retaining ring 8 also has some The limit protrusion 2-2 matched with the limit hole 8-1 can limit the rotation of the elastic body 2 like this.

It should be noted that since the breaking part 6 is basically arranged parallel to the axial direction, under the load in the left and right directions, the force of the draw bar 3 can be transmitted to the breaking part 6 through the elastic body 2, the rotating shaft cylinder 5, and the guide block 7. The breaking part 6 thus produces relative pulling force (that is, axial force), the shape structure and/or material of the breaking part 6 can be set, and the range value of the axial force that the breaking part 6 can bear is determined in advance, when the overload condition occurs When the axial force of the coupler buffer exceeds a predetermined range value (that is, when it is overloaded), the breaking part 6 is broken, so that at least the draw bar 3 drives the rotating shaft cylinder 5 to move through the guiding groove 1-2, and can be guided in the guiding groove 1-2. The slots 1-2 move within the length range to prevent the coupler buffer used for rail vehicles from being offset and stuck during the detachment process, so as to realize the smooth detachment of the internal structure of the buffer. The overload release structure of the buffer is simple, and the structure of the buffer in the axial direction is compact, and the overall structure is simple.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the compression of the elastic body on the right side of the coupler buffer for rail vehicles in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 . When the buffer is in tension load condition, the drawbar 3 is stretched from the left end, the drawbar 3 moves to the left, and the elastic body 2 on the right side of the partition 5-3 is compressed to absorb energy.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the compression of the elastic body on the left side of the coupler buffer for rail vehicles in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 . When the buffer is under compressive load conditions (such as collision or braking), as shown in Figure 8, the drawbar 3 moves to the right, and the elastic body 2 on the left side of the partition 5-3 is compressed to absorb energy.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the breakage of the breaking part of the coupler buffer for a rail vehicle in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 . For example, taking the rightward movement of the drawbar 3 as an example, the axial force of the drawbar 3 is transmitted to the rotating shaft cylinder 5. When overloaded, the breaking bolt 6 bears a critical impact force greater than it can bear in the axial direction, which will cause The pull-off bolt 6 breaks, and the drawbar 3 drives the rotating shaft cylinder 5 and the guide block 7 to move right along the guide groove 1-2 to realize the internal detachment of the buffer. Therefore, the guide groove 1-2 can realize the guiding function when overloaded, so that the rotating shaft cylinder 5 will not deviate when moving to the right, and will not be stuck during the detachment process, which ensures that the rotating shaft cylinder 5 can be detached normally.

In the buffer of the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the radial dimension of the stopper 3-2 is set smaller than the radial dimension of the rotating shaft cylinder 5, and the wall of the rotating shaft cylinder 5 will not prevent the axial movement of the stopper 3-2. position, so that when the coupler buffer is overloaded, its load is basically completely transmitted to the shaft cylinder 5 through the two elastic bodies 2, and then transmitted to the guide block 7 and the breaking bolt 6, so that it is broken.

Fig. 11 is a front view of a coupler buffer for a rail vehicle according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Compared with the buffer of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the main difference of the buffer of the embodiment shown in FIG. When the coupler buffer is overloaded, the cylinder wall of the shaft cylinder 5 can prevent the axial displacement of the stopper 3-2, at least part of the load is directly transmitted to the shaft cylinder 5 through the stopper 3-2, and the other part of the load is passed through The two elastic bodies 2 are transmitted to the rotating shaft cylinder 5, which is beneficial to prevent the elastic bodies 2 from being damaged by direct pressure loss under the condition of a very large overload.

The above examples mainly illustrate the coupler bumper for rail vehicles of the present invention. Although only some of the embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be implemented in many other forms without departing from its gist and scope, for example, the buffer is also provided with a centering devices and/or supports, etc. The examples and embodiments shown are therefore to be regarded as illustrative and not restrictive, and the invention may cover various modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims with replace.

Claims (17)

A coupler buffer for a rail vehicle, comprising a mount (1), at least two energy-absorbing components (2), a drawbar (3) and a locking member (4), characterized in that it also includes: A rotating shaft cylinder (5), which is installed in the installation hole (1-1) of the installation seat (1); A guide block (7) and a breaking part (6), the guide block (7) is fixed on the mounting seat (1) through the breaking part (6) arranged in the axial direction to limit the shaft cylinder (5) move axially inside the mounting hole (1-1); Wherein, a baffle (5-3) approximately perpendicular to the axial direction is arranged inside the rotating shaft cylinder (5), and the draw rod (3) passes through the baffle hole (5-3) of the baffle (5-3). 3-1) Move axially through; Wherein, at least one energy-absorbing component (2) set on the drawbar (3) is arranged on both sides of the partition (5-3) and locked by the locking member (4); Wherein, the mounting seat (1) is provided with a guide groove (1-2), and the guide block (7) is at least partially placed in the guide groove (1-2). When the coupler buffer is overloaded, The breaking part (6) is generally broken axially and at least makes the drawing rod (3) drive the rotating shaft cylinder (5) through the guide block (7) in the guide slot (1-2) ) to move within the guide. The coupler buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that, the shaft cylinder (5) comprises a cylinder body (5-4) and upper and lower rotation shafts (5-2) arranged on the outer periphery of the cylinder body (5-4) ), corresponding to the upper and lower rotating shafts (5-2), the guide blocks (7) that are rotationally connected to them are respectively provided. The coupler buffer according to claim 2, characterized in that, the partition plate (5-3) is arranged on the axis corresponding to the upper and lower rotating shafts (5-2). The coupler buffer according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper and lower shafts (5-2) and the shaft barrel (5) are integrally designed, and the guide block (7) is provided with a shaft hole (7-1), the rotating shaft (5-2) is installed in the rotating shaft hole (7-1) to realize the rotating connection, and enable the rotating shaft cylinder (5) to rotate around the rotating shaft (5 -2) axis rotation. The coupler buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that, the breaking member (6) is a breaking bolt. The coupler buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that, a shaft bushing (11) is sheathed corresponding to the outer circumference of the shaft (5-2). The coupler buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that, the partition hole (5-3-1) of the partition (5-3) is in the shape of a rectangular hole, and the partition hole (5-3-1 ) The line of intersection between the upper and lower inner wall surfaces (5-3-2) and the vertical section of the central axis of the rotating shaft cylinder (5) is convex arc-shaped. The coupler buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that, the partition hole (5-3-1) of the partition (5-3) is in the shape of a rectangular hole, and the partition hole (5-3-1 ) The intersection line of the upper and lower inner wall surfaces (5-3-2) and the vertical section of the central axis of the rotating shaft cylinder (5) is convex arc-shaped, and the outer circumference of the draw bar (3) is provided with two symmetrical The two swing planes (3-1) are matched with the upper and lower inner wall surfaces (5-3-2) respectively. The coupler buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one limiting hole (5-3- 4). The coupler buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that, the left end of the draw bar (3) is fixedly provided with a stopper (3-2) relative to the partition (5-3), and the draw bar (3) The right end of the partition (5-3) is detachably fixed with a retaining ring (8); wherein, between the stopper (3-2) and the partition (5-3) A first space is formed between the retaining ring (8) and the partition plate (5-3) to form a second space. The coupler buffer according to claim 10, characterized in that two energy-absorbing components (2) are accommodated in the first space, and one energy-absorbing component (2) is accommodated in the second space ( 2). The coupler buffer according to claim 10, characterized in that, the radial dimension of the outer circumference of the stop portion (3-2) is smaller than the radial dimension of the inner wall of the cylinder (5-4) of the rotating shaft cylinder (5). When the coupler buffer is overloaded, its load is transmitted to the shaft cylinder (5) through the energy-absorbing component (2). The coupler buffer according to claim 10, characterized in that, the radial dimension of the outer circumference of the stop portion (3-2) is larger than the radial dimension of the inner wall of the cylinder (5-4) of the rotating shaft cylinder (5). size, and not greater than the radial dimension of the outer circumference of the barrel (5-4) of the rotating shaft barrel (5), when the coupler buffer is overloaded, its load at least partially passes through the stopper (3-2) directly to the shaft barrel (5). The coupler buffer according to claim 11, characterized in that an intermediate partition (10) is arranged between the two energy-absorbing components (2). The coupler buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that, the energy-absorbing member (2) is an elastic body. The coupler bumper of claim 15, wherein said elastomer At least one limiting protrusion (2-1) for limiting the rotation of the energy-absorbing component (2) is arranged on the upper part. The coupler buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a dust cover (9), and the mounting seat (1) is provided with a dust cover hole (1-3) at the rotating shaft (5-2). ), the dust cover (9) is placed on the dust cover hole (1-3) and fixedly connected with the mounting base (1).