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CN107106251A - 机械手 - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN107106251A
CN107106251A CN201680004546.1A CN201680004546A CN107106251A CN 107106251 A CN107106251 A CN 107106251A CN 201680004546 A CN201680004546 A CN 201680004546A CN 107106251 A CN107106251 A CN 107106251A
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Prior art keywords
handle
axle
joint
axis
shaft
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CN107106251B (zh
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二梃木昌夫
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Olympus Corp
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Olympus Corp
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/70Manipulators specially adapted for use in surgery
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/28Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B17/2909Handles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1442Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps
    • A61B18/1445Probes having pivoting end effectors, e.g. forceps at the distal end of a shaft, e.g. forceps or scissors at the end of a rigid rod
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/70Manipulators specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/71Manipulators operated by drive cable mechanisms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J1/00Manipulators positioned in space by hand
    • B25J1/08Manipulators positioned in space by hand movably mounted in a wall
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J3/00Manipulators of leader-follower type, i.e. both controlling unit and controlled unit perform corresponding spatial movements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/00234Surgical instruments, devices or methods for minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/00292Surgical instruments, devices or methods for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
    • A61B2017/003Steerable
    • A61B2017/00318Steering mechanisms
    • A61B2017/00331Steering mechanisms with preformed bends
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B2017/0042Surgical instruments, devices or methods with special provisions for gripping
    • A61B2017/00424Surgical instruments, devices or methods with special provisions for gripping ergonomic, e.g. fitting in fist
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B2017/0042Surgical instruments, devices or methods with special provisions for gripping
    • A61B2017/00438Surgical instruments, devices or methods with special provisions for gripping connectable to a finger
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/28Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/2901Details of shaft
    • A61B2017/2908Multiple segments connected by articulations
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/28Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B17/2909Handles
    • A61B2017/291Handles the position of the handle being adjustable with respect to the shaft
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/28Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/2926Details of heads or jaws
    • A61B2017/2927Details of heads or jaws the angular position of the head being adjustable with respect to the shaft
    • A61B2017/2929Details of heads or jaws the angular position of the head being adjustable with respect to the shaft with a head rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the shaft
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/0091Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00916Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00922Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device by switching or controlling the treatment energy directly within the hand-piece
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/0091Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00916Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device
    • A61B2018/0094Types of switches or controllers

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种机械手(1),该机械手具有:细长的轴(3);前端处置部(5),其配置在轴(3)的前端侧;前端关节部(4),其具有从基端侧起依次配置的弯曲关节和旋转关节,以使前端处置部(5)相对于轴(3)移动;以及基端操作部(6),其配置在轴(3)的基端侧,弯曲关节具有与轴(3)的长度轴线交叉的轴线,旋转关节具有与弯曲关节的轴线交叉且与前端处置部(5)的中心轴线大致一致的轴线,基端操作部(6)具有:第1操作部(9),其由操作者(O)的单手来进行把持,根据绕与轴(3)的长度轴线交叉的轴线的旋转角度来使弯曲关节进行动作;以及第2操作部,其设置在第1操作部(9)上,使旋转关节进行动作。

Description

机械手
技术领域
本发明涉及机械手。
背景技术
以往公知有下述方式的机械手:在连结轴的基端侧设置有把手和对前端动作部进行驱动的马达,利用把持把手的手的拇指对把手上所具有的旋钮和杆进行操作(例如,参照专利文献1)。
另外,公知有下述机械手:将对设置在轴的基端侧的操作部进行把持的手腕的姿势作为操作输入来使设置在轴的前端侧且以旋转和弯曲这两种自由度移动的前端的处置部的姿势变化(例如,参照专利文献2)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2010-201005号公报
专利文献2:日本特许第4014792号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
但是,专利文献1的机械手通过利用拇指对旋钮和杆进行操作而使前端动作部进行动作,因此前端处置部的姿势与把持把手的手的姿势不对应,难以获得直观感觉。
另外,专利文献2的机械手使处置部的姿势与手腕的姿势对应,但处置部的两种自由度中的旋转动作有时会与绕轴的长度轴线的旋转动作发生干涉,无法按照操作者的计划使处置部进行动作,有时无法获得直观感觉。
本发明是鉴于上述情况而完成的,其目的在于提供一种机械手,该机械手能够使轴的前端的处置部自身旋转的操作不与其他操作发生干涉,并且能够直观地对处置部的位置和姿势进行操作。
用于解决课题的手段
为了达成上述目的,本发明提供以下手段。
本发明的一个方式提供一种机械手,该机械手具有:细长的轴;前端处置部,其配置在该轴的前端侧;前端关节部,其具有旋转关节和配置在比该旋转关节靠所述轴侧的位置的弯曲关节,以使该前端处置部相对于所述轴移动;以及基端操作部,其配置在所述轴的基端侧,由操作者进行操作,所述弯曲关节具有与所述轴的长度轴线交叉的轴线,所述旋转关节具有与所述弯曲关节的轴线交叉且与所述前端处置部的中心轴线大致一致的轴线,所述基端操作部具有:第1操作部,其由所述操作者的单手来进行把持,根据该单手的手腕绕与所述轴的长度轴线交叉的轴线的旋转角度而使所述弯曲关节进行动作;以及第2操作部,其设置在该第1操作部上,由所述单手的手指进行操作而使所述旋转关节进行动作。
根据本方式,在操作者对基端操作部的第1操作部进行操作而使手腕绕与轴的长度轴线交叉的轴线旋转时,根据其旋转角度,配置在轴的前端的前端关节部的弯曲关节绕与轴的长度轴线交叉的轴线使前端处置部摆动。另外,操作者对基端操作部的第2操作部进行操作,通过对第1操作部进行操作的手指的移动来使配置在轴的前端的前端关节部的旋转关节旋转。
在该情况下,由于对第1操作部进行操作的单手的手腕的旋转角度与因弯曲关节的动作而产生的前端处置部的姿势的变化量对应,因此能够直观地对前端处置部进行操作。另一方面,由于旋转关节绕与前端处置部的中心轴线大致一致的轴线使前端处置部旋转,因此前端处置部的姿势不会因旋转关节的旋转而变动。因此,不用使操作第1操作部的单手的位置变化便能够利用手指对第2操作部进行操作而使前端处置部旋转,不会破坏直观感觉。另外,由于没有使前端处置部的旋转动作与手腕的旋转动作相对应,因此不会与绕轴的长度轴线的旋转动作发生干涉,而能够按照操作者的计划使前端处置部进行动作。
在上述方式中,所述第1操作部也可以在所述轴的长度轴线贯穿所述单手的手掌的位置具有由所述操作者进行把持的手柄。
这样,在操作者把持手柄时,将把持该手柄的单手的手掌配置在轴的长度轴线所贯穿的位置。当在该状态下使把持手柄的单手的手腕旋转而使手掌的朝向变化时,能够使前端处置部与该手掌的朝向对应地摆动。由此,能够进行直观感觉更高的操作。
另外,在上述方式中,使所述手柄摆动的所述轴线也可以配置在把持该手柄的所述单手中。
这样,在使把持手柄的单手的手掌的朝向变化时,能够几乎不使该单手的前臂的位置变化而摆动手腕。即使对第1操作部进行操作也仅产生绕轴线的力偶而不会产生使轴摆动的力,因此能够不相互干涉地独立地进行使前端处置部摆动的操作和使轴摆动的操作。
另外,在上述方式中,所述手柄也可以按照能够使所述轴绕所述长度轴线旋转的方式与所述轴的基端侧连结。
这样,通过把持手柄的单手来使手柄绕轴的长度轴线旋转,从而能够使轴绕长度轴线旋转,能够使轴的前端的前端处置部绕轴的长度轴线旋转。
另外,在上述方式中,在所述手柄的外周面上也可以具有供把持该手柄的所述单手的手指钩挂的凹凸部。
这样,在操作者把持手柄时,所把持的单手的手指钩挂在凹凸部上,因此在使手柄绕长度轴线旋转时,能够更可靠地施力。
另外,在上述方式中,所述第2操作部也可以是配置在当利用所述单手对所述手柄进行把持时能够供所述单手的手指进行操作的位置的开关。
这样,在操作者把持手柄时,在与所把持的单手的手指对应的位置处配置有开关,因此能够在把持着手柄的状态下容易地对开关进行操作而使前端处置部绕其中心轴线旋转。
发明效果
根据本发明,起到下述效果:能够使轴的前端的处置部自身旋转的操作不与其他操作发生干涉且能够直观地对处置部的位置和姿势进行操作。
附图说明
图1是示出本发明的一个实施方式的机械手的整体结构图。
图2是示出图1的机械手的前端关节部和前端处置部的立体图。
图3是示出图1的机械手的基端操作部的立体图。
图4是示出图3的基端操作部和轴的纵剖视图。
图5是对图1的机械手的手柄的扭转操作与前端处置部的动作的关系进行说明的立体图。
图6是示出图1的机械手的手柄的摆动操作与前端关节部的动作的关系的俯视图。
图7是示出设置在图1的机械手的手柄上的开关的操作与前端关节部的动作的关系的俯视图。
图8是示出图1的机械手的变形例的基端操作部的主视图。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图对本发明的一个实施方式的机械手1进行说明。
如图1所示,本实施方式的机械手1例如是在腹腔镜手术中使用的机械手,该机械手1具有:细长的轴3,其贯穿套管针2而插入,所述套管针2贯穿皮肤A而配置;前端关节部4,其配置在该轴3的前端;前端处置部5,其配置在该前端关节部4的前端侧;基端操作部6,其配置在轴3的基端侧,由操作者O进行操作;驱动部7,其对前端关节部4进行驱动;以及控制部8,其根据基端操作部6的操作对驱动部7进行控制。
轴3例如形成为硬质的圆筒状,在其内部贯穿配置有用于对前端关节部4或前端处置部5进行驱动的未图示的线或布线等。前端关节部4在图2所示的例子中,从基端侧起依次具有:弯曲关节11,其绕与轴3的长度轴线垂直的轴线以能够摆动的方式对包含前端处置部5的前端部进行支承;以及旋转关节10,其绕与前端处置部5的中心轴线大致一致的轴线以能够旋转的方式对前端部进行支承。前端处置部5是把持钳子或能量钳子等用于对体内的患部B进行处置的处置部。
如图1所示,基端操作部6具有安装在轴3的基端侧的大致半球状的手柄(第1操作部)9。手柄9具有操作者O能够使单手的手掌接近大致半球面的大致中央并将5根手指配置在外周面上进行把持的程度的外径尺寸。由此,如图3所示,在操作者O把持手柄9时,把持手柄9的单手的手掌配置在轴3的长度轴线所贯穿的位置。
如图4所示,手柄9以能够绕摆动轴12摆动的方式与设置于轴3的基端的支架3a连结,所述摆动轴12具有与轴3的长度轴线垂直且与弯曲关节11的轴线大致平行的轴线。摆动轴12配置在当操作者O把持手柄9时对手柄9进行把持的单手中。另外,在手柄9上具有对该手柄9相对于轴3的摆动角度进行检测的编码器13。
另外,手柄9和设置在轴3上的支架3a以不绕轴3的长度轴线相对旋转的方式进行卡合,如图5所示,当通过把持手柄9的单手扭转而使手柄9旋转时,其旋转力经由支架3a传递给轴3,使轴3绕长度轴线旋转。
另外,在手柄9上,在供操作者O利用单手进行把持时所把持的单手的食指、中指和无名指配置的位置处沿周向隔开间隔地设置有3个按钮(第2操作部)14a、14b、14c。如图4所示,在手柄9的内部设置有开关(有时也将它们称为第2操作部)15a、15b、15c,所述开关15a、15b、15c配置在与各按钮14a、14b、14c对应的位置,利用按钮14a、14b、14c来进行开闭。
编码器13的输出和开关15a、15b、15c的输出被发送给控制部8。
另外,如图3所示,在手柄9上,在供操作者O利用单手进行把持时所把持的单手的拇指和小拇指配置的位置处设置有槽(凹凸部)16,该槽16使拇指和小拇指在周向上与其卡合。
驱动部7具有内置在轴3的基端部的两个马达。一个马达对弯曲关节11进行驱动,另一个马达对旋转关节10进行驱动。各马达的驱动力通过未图示的滑轮和线传递给弯曲关节11和旋转关节10。
控制部8接受来自编码器13和3个开关15a、15b、15c的输出,对驱动部7的马达和前端处置部5进行控制。具体而言,控制部8在手柄9相对于轴3绕摆动轴12摆动时,将指令信号发送给一个马达,其中,该指令信号使一个马达根据编码器13所检测出的摆动角度和摆动方向而驱动,使弯曲关节11以与手柄9的摆动方向对应的摆动方向和与手柄9的摆动角度对应的摆动角度进行动作。
另外,控制部8根据来自与3个并列的按钮14a、14b、14c中的两端的按钮14a、14c对应的开关15a、15c的输出,将指令信号发送给另一个马达,其中,该指令信号使旋转关节10按照使该旋转关节10旋转的旋转方向和旋转角度进行动作。例如在用右手把持手柄9的情况下,通过供食指按压的按钮14a使旋转关节10朝向前端逆时针旋转,通过供无名指按压的按钮14c使旋转关节10顺时针旋转。使马达旋转按下按钮14a、14c的时间。
另外,控制部8根据来自与3个并列的按钮14a、14b、14c中的中央的按钮14b对应的开关15b的输出,将使前端处置部5进行动作的指令信号发送给前端处置部5。在前端处置部5为把持钳子的情况下,通过按下按钮14b而使把持钳子闭合,在前端处置部5为能量钳子的情况下,通过按下按钮14b而对能量钳子通电。
以下对这样构成的本实施方式的机械手1的作用进行说明。
要想使用本实施方式的机械手1对体内的患部B进行处置,则如图1所示,从机械手1的前端侧将轴3插入到贯穿皮肤A而配置的套管针2的贯穿孔内,将前端处置部5和前端关节部4配置在体内。
在该状态下,操作者O一边通过监视器来确认另行插入到体内的未图示的内窥镜所取得的图像,一边如图3所示那样用右手把持手柄9,将右手的食指、中指和无名指分别沿着配置在手柄9的外周的按钮14a、14b、14c配置。
由于手柄9安装在轴3上,因此能够通过使手柄9移动而如图1箭头所示那样使轴3在其长度轴线方向上移动或者使轴3以套管针2为支点进行移动以便对倾斜角度进行变更。
即,能够通过轴3的移动对配置在轴3的前端的前端关节部4和固定在其前端的前端处置部5的位置进行调节。
另外,由于手柄9与轴3绕轴3的长度轴线进行卡合,因此如图5所示,操作者O用右手使手柄9像旋转标度盘那样旋转,从而能够使轴3绕长度轴线旋转。由此,能够使设置在轴3的前端的前端关节部4和固定在其前端的前端处置部5绕轴3的长度轴线旋转。
另外,如图6所示,操作者O使把持着手柄9的右手的手腕如绕前臂的轴扭转那样进行旋转,从而使手柄9相对于轴3绕摆动轴12摆动。由此,通过编码器13来检测手柄9相对于轴3的摆动角度,控制部8根据所检测出的摆动角度对一个马达进行控制而使前端关节部4的弯曲关节11摆动。由此,能够使前端处置部5的姿势在弯曲关节11的摆动方向上变化。
另外,操作者O通过把持着手柄9的右手的食指来按压按钮14a,从而能够使旋转关节10朝向前端逆时针旋转,通过右手的无名指来按压按钮14c,从而能够使旋转关节10朝向前端顺时针旋转。由此,能够使前端处置部5绕其中心轴线逆时针或顺时针旋转。
并且,在前端处置部5相对于患部B的位置和姿势被调节后的状态下,操作者O通过把持着手柄9的右手的中指来按压按钮14b,从而使前端处置部5进行动作,对患部B进行处置。
在该情况下,根据本实施方式的机械手1,使手柄9相对于轴3摆动的轴线与使前端处置部5相对于轴3摆动的弯曲关节11的轴线大致平行,能够使手柄9的摆动与前端处置部5的摆动完全对应。其结果为,在变更前端处置部5的姿势的操作中,能够容易获得直观感觉,能够容易地进行操作。
特别是能够使把持手柄9的右手的手掌的朝向与前端处置部5的中心轴线的方向大致一致,从而能够实现较高的直观感觉。
另外,由于使手柄9摆动的摆动轴12的轴线配置在把持手柄9的右手中,因此关于手柄9的操作,在将前臂的姿势几乎固定的状态下使右手的手腕绕前臂的长度轴线旋转即可。由此,即使使手柄9摆动也仅产生以摆动轴12的轴线为中心的力偶,不会产生以套管针2为支点使轴3摆动的力。另一方面,在以套管针2为支点使轴3摆动的情况下,将手腕相对于把持手柄9的右手的前臂固定而连同前臂一起移动,从而能够对轴3施加力矩而使轴3摆动。
即,根据本实施方式的机械手1,具有如下优点:能够独立地进行使前端处置部5相对于轴3的前端摆动的操作和使轴3自身摆动的操作而不使它们产生干涉,能够防止前端处置部5在计划之外的方向上进行动作,提高了操作性。
另外,根据本实施方式的机械手1,通过把持手柄9的右手使手柄9如标度盘那样旋转,从而能够使轴3自身绕其长度轴线旋转,另一方面,如图7所示,能够通过按钮14a、14b、14c的操作来使前端关节部4的旋转关节10旋转。即,由于两个操作完全不同,因此不会相互干涉,也无需重新搭指或者换手来握。由此,也具有如下的优点:能够防止前端处置部5在计划之外的方向上进行动作,提高了操作性。
并且,由于仅使前端处置部5绕其中心轴线旋转的旋转关节10的动作对前端处置部5的姿势的变化的贡献度较低,因此也不会因按钮14a、14b、14c的操作而破坏直观感觉。而且,根据本实施方式的机械手1,由于按钮14a、14b、14c的位置与旋转关节10的旋转方向对应,因此具有如下的优点:即使是伪相似构造也能够获得较高的直观感觉。
另外,由于右手的拇指和小拇指此时钩挂在设置于手柄9的槽16中,因此能够防止当使手柄9像标度盘那样旋转的情况下的滑动,能够提高操作容易度。
另外,在本实施方式中,手柄9构成为大致半球状,但不限于此,可以采用其他任意的形状。
另外,在手柄9上设置了与拇指和小指卡合的槽16,但也可以取而代之而设置凸部。或者除此之外,如图8所示,也可以设置在把持手柄9时供拇指和小指嵌合的环状部件17。由此,能够进一步消除手与手柄9的滑动。
另外,将手柄9的摆动轴12配置在与轴3的长度轴线垂直的方向,但不限于此,将摆动轴12配置在与轴3的长度轴线以任意角度交叉的方向上即可。
另外,在本实施方式中,对用右手进行把持的情况进行了说明,但也可以应用在用左手进行操作的情况中。该情况下,在供左手的无名指配置的位置处配置使旋转关节10逆时针旋转的按钮14a,在供左手的食指配置的位置处配置使旋转关节10顺时针旋转的按钮14c即可。
标号说明
1:机械手;3:轴;4:前端关节部;5:前端处置部;6:基端操作部;9:手柄(第1操作部);10:旋转关节;11:弯曲关节;14a、14b、14c:按钮(第2操作部);15a、15b、15c:开关(有时也将它们称为第2操作部);16:槽(凹凸部);O:操作者。

Claims (6)

1.一种机械手,该机械手具有:
细长的轴;
前端处置部,其配置在该轴的前端侧;
前端关节部,其具有旋转关节和配置在比该旋转关节靠所述轴侧的位置的弯曲关节,以使该前端处置部相对于所述轴移动;以及
基端操作部,其配置在所述轴的基端侧,由操作者进行操作,
所述弯曲关节具有与所述轴的长度轴线交叉的轴线,
所述旋转关节具有与所述弯曲关节的轴线交叉且与所述前端处置部的中心轴线大致一致的轴线,
所述基端操作部具有:
第1操作部,其由所述操作者的单手来进行把持,根据该单手的手腕绕与所述轴的长度轴线交叉的轴线的旋转角度而使所述弯曲关节进行动作;以及
第2操作部,其设置在该第1操作部上,由所述单手的手指进行操作而使所述旋转关节进行动作。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机械手,其中,
所述第1操作部在所述轴的长度轴线贯穿所述单手的手掌的位置具有由所述操作者进行把持的手柄。
3.根据权利要求2所述的机械手,其中,
使所述手柄摆动的所述轴线配置在把持着该手柄的所述单手中。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的机械手,其中,
所述手柄以能够使所述轴绕所述长度轴线旋转的方式与所述轴的基端侧连结。
5.根据权利要求4所述的机械手,其中,
在所述手柄的外周面上具有供把持该手柄的所述单手的手指钩挂的凹凸部。
6.根据权利要求2至5中的任意一项所述的机械手,其中,
所述第2操作部是配置在当利用所述单手对所述手柄进行把持时能够供所述单手的手指进行操作的位置的开关。
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US20170325903A1 (en) 2017-11-16
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