CN1070944C - 射流喷网法无纺材料及其生产方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
通过水缠结湿成形或泡沫成形纤维网生产的无纺材料,材料含有一定比例的机制、热机制、化学机制或化学热机制类浆粕纤维和/或化学增硬或交联的化学浆粕纤维,当纤维是湿态时降低了纤维间形成氢键的能力;这些纤维最好同其它纤维如化学浆粕纤维,植物纤维,合成纤维或再生纤维素纤维混合,在湿成形或泡沫成形纤维网中,用足够的能量缠结以得到紧密的吸收材料。
Description
本发明涉及用湿或泡沫成形的纤维网的水缠结法生产的无纺材料。
水缠结法或射流喷网法是七十年代开发的方法,例如见加拿大专利841,938。该方法包括:用干法或湿法制成纤维网,然后在高压下,用极细的水喷咀装置使纤维间缠结;大多数喷水嘴行直接对着放在移动金属丝网上的纤维网,然后干燥缠结了的纤维网。用于非织造材料的那些纤维可以是合成或再生的短纤维,如,聚酯,聚酰胺,聚丙烯,人造纤维和类似物,浆粕纤维或浆粕纤维和短纤维的混合物。能以高质量,合理的费用来生产出射流喷网法非织造材料,该材料具有高的吸收能力。这些材料尤其适宜作家庭或工业用的擦试材料,健康保健的可处理材料等等。
在射流喷网法非织造材料中使用的浆粕纤维主要是从各种木材中得到的经化学处理后的软木浆粕,使用化学处理过的硬木浆粕和再生纤维制备的浆粕在文献中亦有报道,见EP-A-0,492,554。
通过将木屑浸入化学品中,然后煮沸木屑使木质素、树脂以及半纤维素转移到煮沸液中来制备化学浆粕。当煮沸完成后,将浆粕过滤、洗涤,然后漂白。这种浆粕的木质素含量接近于零,纤维基本上由纯纤维素组成,纤维相对长和细。纤维具有一定的柔韧性,当这种纤维通过水缠结方法缠结时,这一性能是一个优点。此外,在纤维中的纤维素形成氢键,这增强了最终产品的强度。但是材料的高度氢键化又降低了材料的柔软性和松密度。
本发明的目的就是制备改善了吸收性能、柔软性和松密度的射流喷网法非织造材料。根据本发明,用含有一定比例的机制、热机制、化学机制或化学热机制的木浆和/或化学浆粕纤维来完成本发明,这种化学浆粕纤维是以某种方式化学增硬或交联的,以使当纤维是湿的时候,大大降低纤维间形成氢键的能力,并且该纤维优选已与其它纤维如化学浆粕纤维、植物纤维、合成纤维或再生纤维素纤维在湿或泡沫成型的纤维网中混合,用足够的能量来进行水缠结以得到紧密的吸收产品。
机制、热机制、化学机制、化学热机制浆粕纤维和/或化学增硬或交联的浆粕纤维的比例至少应占总纤维重量的5%,较好的是至少10%。该种材料另外还含有湿强度剂或粘结剂。本发明还涉及制备该种无纺材料的方法。
图1以图示的方法表示对于一些泡沫成形射流喷网法材料,CTMP与松密度和总吸水量的关系。
根据本发明的射流喷网法材料包括一定比例的机制、热机制、化学机制或化学热机制浆粕纤维和/或化学增硬或交联的浆粕纤维。通过研磨或精制来制备机制浆粕,机制浆粕的生产原理是用机械粉碎分散木材。使用了全部木材材料,因而木质素也留在纤维中,纤维比较短和硬。在圆形精制机中,在提高的蒸气压力下通过精制来生产热机制浆粕(TMP)。同样,木质素仍留在纤维中。
在精制之前,通过加入少量的化学品,通常是亚硫酸盐来改性热机制浆粕。这类浆粕被称作化学机制浆粕(CMP)或化学热机制浆粕(CTMP)。在国际专利申请PCT/SE 91/00091和瑞典专利申请9402101-1中公开了各种CTMP。这些浆粕也包括在本发明中。化学处理的效果是纤维更容易处理。化学机制或化学热机制浆粕含有比机制或热机制浆粕更多未断裂纤维和更少植物性杂质(纤维聚集体)。化学机制或化学热机制浆粕的性质接近于化学浆粕,但存在一些实质性不同,即,事实上在化学机制和化学热机制浆粕中,纤维较粗糙,并且含有高比例的木质素、树脂和半纤维素。木质素使纤维更具疏水性和降低了形成氢键的能力。
在使用纤维生产射流喷网非织物材料中这些性质以前并没被考虑,在此处的挠性纤维彼此间易于联结和缠结成坚固材料。
现在已令人惊奇地发现,通过将上面提到种类的纤维加到射流喷网法材料中,产品的吸收性、松密度和柔软性将得到明显的改善。材料的拉伸强度确实降低了,但对广泛的应用而言仍是完全适用的。通过加入湿强剂或粘结剂,以总材料重量计,较好地是0.1-10wt%,最好是0.2-5wt%可以增加拉伸强度。在上面提到的所有浆粕中,较好的是化学热机制浆粕(CTMP)。
可以使用化学增硬的纤维素纤维的化学浆粕来代替机制、热机制、化学机制和化学热机制浆粕。这意味着已被化学增硬的纤维能增加在干和湿条件下纤维的硬度。这包括加入化学品,例如,用涂层法涂覆在纤维的外表面或渗入纤维中。这种处理进一步包括针对纤维素化学结构的改变,例如,在纤维素分子间形成交联。用化学品处理降低了纤维形成氢键的能力,使它们的一些性质类似于化学热机制浆粕纤维,特别是在湿弹性方面。化学增硬的纤维素纤维另外还有所谓的旋度值,即它们可能沿轴向被加捻。
能涂覆或渗入纤维素纤维中的增硬化学品的例子是有氨基基团的阳离子化改性淀粉,胶乳,湿强剂如聚酰胺一表氯醇树脂,尿醛树脂,三聚氰胺甲醛树脂和聚乙烯亚胺树脂。可以用来交联纤维素分子的交联化学品的例子是C2-C8单醛和C2-C8二醛如甲醛或戊二醇,多元羧酸如柠檬酸。
当然,也可以使用化学-热机制(或其它机制)浆粕和化学增硬纤维素纤维的混合物。
尽管射流喷网法无纺织物可能仅含有上面提到的纤维,优选它还含有其它纤维,如化学浆粕纤维、植物纤维、合成纤维和/或再生纤维素纤维即粘胶或人造丝。以这种方式,材料的拉伸强度增加了。适宜的合成纤维的一些例子是聚酯、聚丙烯和聚酰胺。
能使用的植物纤维的例子是叶纤维,如马尼拉麻纤维、菠萝纤维和新西兰麻纤维泰纳克斯,韧皮纤维如亚麻、大麻和苧麻纤维以及种籽纤维如棉纤维、木棉纤维和马利筋属纤维。在向湿成形或泡沫成形的材料中加入这种亲水性植物长纤维过程中,加入分散剂也许是必要的,这种分散剂的一个例子是75%双(氢化牛脂烷基)二甲基氯化铵与25%丙二醇的混合物,这些内容已非常详细地描述于瑞典专利申请9403618-3中。
本发明包括将含所希望的纤维混合物的纤维网湿成形或泡沫成形、并在金属丝网上脱水。用泡沫成形法时,纤维分散于含泡沫形成表面活性剂和水的发泡液体中,之后,将纤维分散体以湿成形使用的相同方法在金属丝网上脱水。这种泡沫成形法的一个适宜例子是瑞典专利申请9402470-0。
以这种方法形成的纤维网进行水缠结处理,能量输出为200-800kwh/ton。用常规技术和机械制造厂提供的设备进行水缠结。水缠结之后,将材料辗压、干燥并且卷起。此后将最终所得产品用已知方法转化成适当的规格并包装。
根据本发明所制备的材料有令人满意的强度性质,因而可用作擦试材料以及需要比较高湿强度的场所。通过浸渍、喷射、涂膜或其它适宜的施用方法加入适当的粘合剂或湿强剂,材料的性能能被进一步地改善。粘合剂或湿强剂可以加入到水缠结材料中或者在湿或干成形纤维网之前加入到纤维原料中。可以使用这种材料作为擦试材料用于家用或在工厂、工业、医院和其它公共场所大量消费。由于它的柔软性,也可作健康护理范围内的可处理材料,如外科手术服、床单及类似物。由于它的高吸收性,因此它更适宜作卫生餐巾、紧身短裤衬里、尿布、失禁用产品、床上用品,绷带、敷布及类似物的成分。
实施例
制备具有不同纤维组成和变化的CTMP纤维含量的几种不同的材料,并且进行试验,与不含CTMP纤维的比较材料进行比较。CTMP纤维由商业可购的由软木浆制备的化学热机制浆粕组成。化学浆粕纤维由漂白的化学软木浆粕组成。使用的合成纤维分别由1.7分特×12.7mm的聚酯和1.4分特×18mm的聚丙烯组成。纤维网用湿成形或泡沫成形法制备,随后进行水缠结,能量输入约为600kwh/ton,轻微辗压,并在130℃风干。材料的性质列于表1中,以及附图1中。
表1
| 材料 | A·参照 | A1 | B·参照 | B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | B6 | |
| 成型方法 | 湿法成形 | 湿法成形 | 泡沫成形 | 泡沫成形 | 泡沫成形 | 泡沫成形 | 泡沫成形 | 泡沫成形 | 泡沫成形 | |
| 化学浆粕纤维软木CTMP%聚酯%1.7分特12.7mm聚丙烯%1.4分特1.8mm | 64036- | 372736- | 600-40 | 5030-40 | 4020-40 | 1030-40 | 2040-40 | 1050040 | 060-40 | 1)2)3)4) |
| 缠结能量kwh/T压制通风干燥 | *600轻130℃ | *600轻130℃ | *600轻130℃ | *600轻130℃ | *600轻130℃ | *600轻130℃ | *600轻130℃ | *600轻130℃ | *600轻130℃ | 方法 |
| 基重,g/m2厚度,μm松密度cm3/g拉伸强度N/m,L1拉伸强度N/m,C1延伸率L1%延伸率C1%湿拉伸强度L1,N/m湿拉伸强度C1,N/m总吸收率 | 82.63634.4184095227586564283.6 | 78.54275.41224760295314224643 | 92.14194529971837821252412111835 | 81.6446552425146073112193788140 | 81.6474582391121572105179660845 | 79.0525662216109777114127523449 | 79.557372198998371107101219655 | 74.26168.31783806781046721626.0 | 75.66648.8164563170987181736.4 | SCAN-P6:75SCAN-P47:83厚度/基量SCAN-P38:80SCAN-P38:80SCAN-P38:80SCAN-P58:80SCAN-P58:86SCAN-P38:86SIS 251228 |
*)根据加入纤维的量计算缠结能量
1)漂白化学软木浆粕
2)由软木制备商业可得的化学-热机械浆粕
3)商业可得的用于无纬非织造物的聚酯纤维
4)商业可得的用于无纬非织造物的聚丙烯纤维
*)根据加入纤维的量计算缠结能量
1)漂白化学软木浆粕
2)由软木制备的的商业可得的化学-热机制浆粕
3)商业可得的用于无纬非织造物的聚酯纤维
4)商业可得的用于无纬非织造物的聚丙烯纤维
结果表明,随着CTMP-纤维含量的增加,材料的松密度和吸收性也显著地增加。此外,感觉到材料更柔软。材料的强度随CTMP纤维量的增加而降低,但是在很多应用中,这些强度值已是完全足够的,并且如上所述的,拉伸强度能通过加入湿强剂或粘结剂而增加,加入量以总材料重量计优选约为0.1-10wt%,较好的是0,2-5wt%。
Claims (9)
1.通过水缠结湿成形或泡沫成形纤维网生产的无纺材料,其特征在于,以纤维总量计,该材料含有至少5wt%的机制、热机制、化学机制或化学热机制类的浆粕纤维和/或化学浆粕纤维,该化学浆粕纤维已被化学增硬或交联、使其大大降低了在湿态时形成氢键的能力,所说的纤维已与选自化学浆粕纤维、植物纤维、合成纤维或再生纤维素纤维的其它纤维混合。
2.如权利要求1的无纺材料,其特征在于,机制、热机制或化学热机制类浆粕纤维和/或化学增硬或交联浆粕纤维的比例以纤维总量计至少是10wt%。
3.如权利要求1或2的无纺材料,其特征在于,该材料含湿强剂或粘合剂。
4.如权利要求3的无纺材料,其特征在于,湿强剂或粘合剂的比例为0.1-10wt%。
5.如权利要求4的无纺材料,其特征在于,湿强剂或粘合剂的比例为0.2-5wt%。
6.生产如权利要求1的无纺材料的方法,其特征在于,用湿成形或泡沫成形的纤维网以纤维总量计含有至少5wt%的机制、热机制、化学机制或化学热机制浆粕纤维和/或化学浆粕纤维,该化学浆粕纤维已被化学增硬或交联、使其大大降低了在湿态时形成氢键的能力,并且使纤维网水缠结,在干燥材料之后,得到紧密的、纤维缠绕的吸收材料。
7.如权利要求6的方法,其特征在于,机制、热机制、化学机制或化学热机制类浆粕纤维和/或化学增硬或交联浆粕纤维的比例以纤维总量计至少是10wt%。
8.如权利要求6或7的方法,其特征在于,在进行水缠结时,通过喷射、浸渍、涂覆或类似方法加入湿强剂或粘合剂。
9.如权利要求6或7的方法,其特征在于,在湿成形或泡沫成形纤维网之前将湿强剂或粘合剂加在纤维原料中。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE95005856 | 1995-02-17 | ||
| SE9500585A SE504030C2 (sv) | 1995-02-17 | 1995-02-17 | Spunlacematerial med hög bulk och absorptionsförmåga samt förfarande för dess framställning |
| SE9500585-6 | 1995-02-17 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1137585A CN1137585A (zh) | 1996-12-11 |
| CN1070944C true CN1070944C (zh) | 2001-09-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN96105932A Expired - Fee Related CN1070944C (zh) | 1995-02-17 | 1996-02-16 | 射流喷网法无纺材料及其生产方法 |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6017833A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0809733B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH11500190A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1070944C (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE180524T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU700394B2 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2213228A1 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69602584T2 (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK0809733T3 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2134589T3 (zh) |
| GR (1) | GR3031036T3 (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO973749L (zh) |
| SE (1) | SE504030C2 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW315393B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1996025556A1 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA961252B (zh) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6177370B1 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 2001-01-23 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Fabric |
| US6612258B2 (en) * | 2000-10-26 | 2003-09-02 | Cargill, Limited | Animal bedding and method for making same |
| US20050278912A1 (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2005-12-22 | Westland John A | Hydroentangling process |
| US20050279473A1 (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2005-12-22 | Westland John A | Fibers for spunlaced products |
| US7811613B2 (en) * | 2005-06-23 | 2010-10-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Individualized trichomes and products employing same |
| US7669292B2 (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2010-03-02 | Wade Chute | Decortication process |
| CA2923519A1 (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2009-02-19 | Little Busy Bodies, Llc | Saline nose wipe and methods of manufacture and use |
| US9394637B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2016-07-19 | Jacob Holm & Sons Ag | Method for production of a hydroentangled airlaid web and products obtained therefrom |
| FI126474B (en) | 2014-11-24 | 2016-12-30 | Paptic Oy | Fiber sheets and structures comprising fiber sheets |
| WO2017079169A1 (en) | 2015-11-03 | 2017-05-11 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Paper tissue with high bulk and low lint |
| RU2705616C1 (ru) | 2016-09-01 | 2019-11-11 | Эссити Хайджин Энд Хелт Актиеболаг | Способ получения нетканого материала |
| ES2797899T3 (es) | 2016-09-01 | 2020-12-04 | Essity Hygiene & Health Ab | Proceso y aparato para depositar por vía húmeda materiales no tejidos |
| GB2576998B (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2023-01-04 | Kimberly Clark Co | Foam-formed fibrous sheets with crimped staple fibers |
| KR102165232B1 (ko) | 2017-11-29 | 2020-10-13 | 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크. | 개선된 특성을 갖는 섬유 시트 |
| CN109023708A (zh) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-12-18 | 安徽宜民服饰股份有限公司 | 一种强吸油型复合纤维水刺无纺布的加工工艺 |
| MX2021000980A (es) | 2018-07-25 | 2021-04-12 | Kimberly Clark Co | Proceso para fabricar no tejidos tridimensionales colocados en espuma. |
| MY199183A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2023-10-19 | Essity Hygiene & Health Ab | An absorbent hygienic article for absorbing body fluids |
| SE545507C2 (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2023-10-03 | Essity Hygiene & Health Ab | Foam-formed hydro-entangled fibrous web, use thereof and manufacturing method |
| MX2022007530A (es) * | 2019-12-20 | 2022-07-19 | Essity Hygiene & Health Ab | Un articulo higienico absorbente para absorcion de fluidos corporales. |
| AU2021281335A1 (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2023-02-02 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Apparatus for forming a substrate |
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| CA841938A (en) * | 1970-05-19 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for producing a nonwoven web | |
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| CA2048905C (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1998-08-11 | Cherie H. Everhart | High pulp content nonwoven composite fabric |
| SE9402101L (sv) * | 1994-06-15 | 1995-12-16 | Moelnlycke Ab | Lättavvattnad, bulkig, kemimekanisk massa med låg spet- och finmaterialhalt |
| CA2194176A1 (en) * | 1994-07-13 | 1996-02-01 | Lennart Reiner | Method of producing a nonwoven material and nonwoven material produced according to the method |
| DE4426947C1 (de) * | 1994-07-29 | 1995-11-02 | Dyckerhoff Christoph | Vorrichtung zur Entgiftung von Abgasen |
| SE503606C2 (sv) * | 1994-10-24 | 1996-07-15 | Moelnlycke Ab | Nonwovenmaterial innehållande en blandning av massafibrer och långa hydrofila växtfibrer samt förfarande för framställning av nonwovenmaterialet |
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- 1995-02-17 SE SE9500585A patent/SE504030C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
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1996
- 1996-02-15 US US08/894,061 patent/US6017833A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-02-15 CA CA002213228A patent/CA2213228A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-02-15 EP EP96903324A patent/EP0809733B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-15 JP JP8524897A patent/JPH11500190A/ja active Pending
- 1996-02-15 WO PCT/SE1996/000200 patent/WO1996025556A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-02-15 AU AU47369/96A patent/AU700394B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-02-15 ES ES96903324T patent/ES2134589T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-15 DK DK96903324T patent/DK0809733T3/da active
- 1996-02-15 AT AT96903324T patent/ATE180524T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-02-15 DE DE69602584T patent/DE69602584T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-02-16 CN CN96105932A patent/CN1070944C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-02-16 ZA ZA961252A patent/ZA961252B/xx unknown
- 1996-02-29 TW TW85102407A patent/TW315393B/zh active
-
1997
- 1997-08-14 NO NO973749A patent/NO973749L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
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1999
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| WO1990004066A2 (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1990-04-19 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Hydraulically entangled wet laid base sheets for wipers |
| EP0478045A1 (en) * | 1990-09-12 | 1992-04-01 | Eka Nobel Aktiebolag | Soft paper of high strength and method for production thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA961252B (en) | 1996-08-27 |
| EP0809733A1 (en) | 1997-12-03 |
| SE9500585L (sv) | 1996-08-18 |
| SE504030C2 (sv) | 1996-10-21 |
| US6017833A (en) | 2000-01-25 |
| SE9500585D0 (sv) | 1995-02-17 |
| CN1137585A (zh) | 1996-12-11 |
| NO973749D0 (no) | 1997-08-14 |
| JPH11500190A (ja) | 1999-01-06 |
| DE69602584T2 (de) | 1999-11-18 |
| NO973749L (no) | 1997-10-06 |
| DK0809733T3 (da) | 1999-11-08 |
| DE69602584D1 (de) | 1999-07-01 |
| ATE180524T1 (de) | 1999-06-15 |
| AU700394B2 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
| WO1996025556A1 (en) | 1996-08-22 |
| ES2134589T3 (es) | 1999-10-01 |
| AU4736996A (en) | 1996-09-04 |
| CA2213228A1 (en) | 1996-08-22 |
| EP0809733B1 (en) | 1999-05-26 |
| TW315393B (zh) | 1997-09-11 |
| GR3031036T3 (en) | 1999-12-31 |
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