CN107085514B - Shared library upgrading method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses a shared library upgrading method and device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the operation that a target shared library covers an original shared library is detected, loading the target shared library into a system memory; determining a function in the original shared library which is currently used; reading a storage address of the function from the target shared library; replacing the preset address corresponding to the function by using the storage address; and when the addresses of all the functions are replaced, deleting the original shared library from the system memory. According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the original shared library can be deleted under the state that the program operation is not influenced, so that the dynamic replacement of the shared library in the system memory is realized, the equipment restart can be avoided, the time for upgrading the shared library can be saved, all current business processes can be continuously executed, and the execution efficiency of the business processes is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of operating systems, and in particular, to a shared library upgrading method and apparatus.
Background
The executable program of the Linux operating system comprises a statically linked executable program and a dynamically linked executable program, wherein the statically linked executable program contains all functions required for execution, the dynamically linked executable program does not contain the functions required for execution, and the corresponding functions need to be read from a shared library for maintaining the functions required for execution during running. The application software program running based on the Linux operating system is a dynamically linked executable program.
Specifically, the shared library is used as a "function tool box" for running the application software, functions required by running a plurality of application software programs are stored, and accordingly, each application software also maintains in advance a function identifier of a function to be called. When detecting that the application software needs to call a function, the operating system reads the function identifier of the function, establishes a corresponding relationship between the function identifier and a storage address of the function identifier in the shared library, triggers the application software to determine the storage address of the function through the corresponding relationship, and then reads the function from the storage address and calls the function execution program.
In the prior art, if an operating system has a problem, the problem is usually repaired by modifying a function in a shared library or adding modulation information in the shared library. Since the contents of the shared library are modified, in which the memory address of the function is changed, the modified shared library should be used as the basis for the function call. However, because the operating system cannot immediately replace the shared library before the modification with the modified shared library due to the requirement of program operation, when the operating system establishes the correspondence between the function identifier and the storage address thereof, the operating system can find the two storage addresses, which may cause program confusion and may not be executed.
In view of this, in the prior art, after the modified shared library is generated, the shared library before modification is forcibly deleted usually in a manner of restarting the device, so that when the operating system establishes a corresponding relationship between the function identifier and the storage address thereof, a unique corresponding storage address can be obtained. However, restarting the device not only wastes time, but also cuts off the process of all current services, reducing the execution efficiency of the service processes.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a shared library upgrading method and device, and aims to solve the problems that time is wasted and the current business process is cut off in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a shared library upgrading method, including:
when the operation that a target shared library covers an original shared library is detected, loading the target shared library into a system memory;
determining a function in the original shared library which is currently used;
reading a storage address of the function from the target shared library;
replacing the preset address corresponding to the function by using the storage address;
and when the addresses of all the functions are replaced, deleting the original shared library from the system memory.
Optionally, the loading the target shared library into the system memory includes:
calling a monitoring process to load the target shared library into a system memory from a hard disk;
or,
and calling the current idle running process to load the target shared library into a system memory from a hard disk.
Optionally, the reading the storage address of the function from the target shared library includes:
determining application software calling the function;
calling a target process of the application software to traverse the target shared library, wherein the target process is a process for executing operation by using the function;
and when the function is found, reading the corresponding address of the function in the target shared library.
Optionally, before the target process calling the application software traverses the target shared library, the method further includes:
calling a monitoring process to detect whether the target process is using the function to execute operation;
and when the target process does not use the function to execute the operation, executing the operation that the target process calling the application software traverses the target shared library.
Optionally, the method further includes:
monitoring the total number of functions related to the original shared library in real time;
when the replacement of the addresses of all the functions is completed, deleting the original shared library from the system memory comprises:
and when the total number of functions connected with the original shared library is zero, deleting the original shared library from the system memory.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a shared library upgrading apparatus, where the apparatus includes:
the loading module is used for loading the target shared library into a system memory when the operation that the target shared library covers the original shared library is detected;
the determining module is used for determining the functions in the original shared library which are currently used;
the reading module is used for reading the storage address of the function from the target shared library;
a replacing module, configured to replace the preset address corresponding to the function with the storage address;
and the execution module is used for deleting the original shared library from the system memory when the addresses of all the functions are replaced and completed.
Optionally, the loading module is specifically configured to invoke a monitoring process to load the target shared library into the system memory from a hard disk; or calling the current idle running process to load the target shared library into the system memory from the hard disk.
Optionally, the reading module is specifically configured to determine application software for calling the function; calling a target process of the application software to traverse the target shared library, wherein the target process is a process for executing operation by using the function; and when the function is found, reading the corresponding address of the function in the target shared library.
Optionally, the reading module is further configured to invoke a monitoring process to detect whether a target process of the application software is executing an operation using the function before the target process traverses the target shared library; and when the target process does not use the function to execute the operation, executing the operation that the target process calling the application software traverses the target shared library.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises a monitoring module, wherein,
the monitoring module is used for monitoring the total number of functions related to the original shared library in real time;
the execution module is further configured to delete the original shared library from the system memory when the total number of functions connected to the original shared library is zero.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment has the following advantages and characteristics:
in the solution provided in the embodiment of the present invention, after the original shared library in the hard disk is covered by the updated target shared library, the operating system loads the target shared library into the system memory, then determines the currently called function in the original shared library, and replaces the address corresponding to the function that is maintained in advance with the storage address of the function in the target shared library. And when all the pre-maintained function addresses are replaced, the original shared library is considered to have no function called, and the operating system deletes the original shared library from the system memory, so that the dynamic replacement of the shared library in the system memory is completed. Therefore, according to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the operating system can dynamically remove the incidence relation between the original shared library and the currently running program in the running process, so that the original shared library can be deleted under the state that the program running is not influenced, the dynamic replacement of the shared library in the system memory is realized, the equipment restart can be avoided, the upgrading time of the shared library can be saved, all current business processes can be continuously executed, and the execution efficiency of the business processes is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for upgrading a shared library according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of information interaction between processes provided by the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a shared library upgrading apparatus provided in the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for upgrading a shared library according to the present application. The shared library upgrading method can dynamically upgrade the shared library in the operating process of the operating system, so that equipment can be prevented from being restarted, and time is saved.
The method comprises the following steps:
step S101, loading the target shared library into a system memory.
It should be noted that the shared library is maintained in the system hard disk, and before the operating system uses the shared library, the shared library is usually loaded from the hard disk to the system memory, and then the application software is triggered to call a function from the shared library in the system memory. Therefore, when the shared library is upgraded, the shared library before being modified in the hard disk is covered by the modified shared library, and then the operating system loads the system memory of the modified shared library. It should be noted that, in the present application, the shared library before modification is named as an original shared library, and the shared library after modification is named as a target shared library.
Specifically, the operating system may determine whether a shared library is currently covered by detecting a running log of the hard disk, indicate that the shared library is updated in the hard disk when a covering behavior occurs, determine the updated shared library through an identifier of the shared library, and then load a target shared library in the hard disk into the system memory.
In addition, it should be noted that, usually, the original shared library and the target shared library have the same identifier, and the original shared library is stored in the system memory in advance, so that, in order to clearly distinguish the original shared library from the target shared library, when the target shared library is loaded by the operating system, the target shared library is stored in a different location in the system memory from the original shared library.
And step S102, determining the function in the original shared library which is currently used.
Based on the above description of the steps, after the target shared library is loaded into the system memory, two shared libraries with the same shared library identifier are stored in the system memory, and most of the maintained functions in the two shared libraries with the same identifier are the same. Before the application software calls a function, the operating system needs to determine the function identifier and the corresponding storage address in advance according to the function identifier, so in order to ensure that the storage address corresponding to the function identifier is the storage address in the target shared library, the original shared library in the system memory should be deleted. However, when a function in the original shared library is being called, the original shared library cannot be deleted in order to ensure that the relevant program operates normally, and therefore, before deleting the original shared library, the corresponding relationship between the function currently being used and the original shared library may be first released.
Specifically, in this step, when the application software calls a function, the operating system may record a corresponding relationship between the called function and its shared library, and after a certain shared library is updated, the operating system may determine, from the pre-maintained corresponding relationship, a function currently being used in the corresponding original shared library, so as to perform subsequent operations.
In addition, it should be noted that the purpose of this step is to release all the association relationships of the original shared library, so that, after the target shared library is loaded into the system memory, when a new function is called, the operating system may default to the target shared library as the call basis.
Step S103, reading the storage address of the function from the target shared library.
According to the technical scheme, the incidence relation between the corresponding function and the original shared library can be removed in a mode of modifying the memory address of the called function, so that the shared library related to the function can be dynamically modified, and the normal operation of the related program can be guaranteed.
Specifically, the storage address of the corresponding function in the target shared library may be determined first, in this step, the operating system may traverse the target shared library according to the function identifier of the corresponding function, and when the function corresponding to the function identifier is found in the target shared library, read the storage address of the target shared library corresponding to the function.
And step S104, replacing the preset address corresponding to the function with the storage address.
The memory address associated with the called function is corresponding to the original shared library, and on the basis of the steps, the memory address of the function can be modified to establish the corresponding relation between the memory address and the target shared library.
The memory address format of the function may be: based on the above description, the storage address of the target shared library in the system memory is different from the storage address of the original shared library, and therefore, when the target shared library is used as a call base, the shared library addresses corresponding to the corresponding functions all need to be changed. In addition, the target shared library is obtained after the operations of adding a function, modifying a function and/or deleting a function are performed on the basis of the original shared library, so that the storage location of the same function in the target shared library is different from the storage location in the original shared library, and therefore, the location of the corresponding function in the shared library also needs to be changed.
For example, the address of the original shared library in the system memory is 01a, the storage location of the function a being called in the original shared library is line 8, and then the current storage address of the function a is 01 a/08. And loading the target shared library corresponding to the original shared library to the 02b position of the system memory, wherein the function A is in the 10 rows of the target shared library, and the storage address of the function A corresponding to the target shared library is 02 b/10.
In addition, it should be noted that, when the application software is executing the program using the called function, all parameters related to the function cannot be modified, so that when executing the step, the operating system may determine whether the corresponding function is currently used, if the corresponding function is not currently used, execute the operation of replacing the storage address in the step, and if the corresponding function is currently used, not execute any operation until the corresponding program is completely executed, and then execute the operation of replacing the storage address in the step.
Step S105, delete the original shared library from the system memory.
When the function is called by the application software, the corresponding relation with the original shared library is maintained through the storage address, after the storage address of the function is replaced, the corresponding relation between the function and the original shared library is released, and after the storage addresses of all the called functions in the original shared library are replaced, the function is not called in the original shared library, the state of the original shared library does not influence the operation of the current application software, so that when the addresses of all the functions are replaced, the original shared library can be deleted from a system memory.
Therefore, according to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the incidence relation between the function and the original shared library can be removed by updating the storage address corresponding to the function, so that all the incidence relations of the original shared library can be dynamically removed under the condition that the running of application software is not influenced, the shared library can be dynamically replaced, the equipment is prevented from being restarted, and the time is saved.
The above embodiments describe the technical solutions of the present application as a whole, and in order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly and more specifically understand the technical solutions of the present application, the following describes the technical solutions with reference to examples.
It should be noted that, when the operating system executes the program, a process is created as an execution unit of the program, and accordingly, implementation of each step in the present application is actually information interaction between different processes, and the present embodiment describes the present application from the perspective of information interaction between different processes.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of information interaction between processes provided in the present application, in this embodiment, it is assumed that an original shared library is a shared library B, a target shared library is a shared library C, and a process Z corresponding to current application software S has called a function X in the shared library B. The process Z is a process that performs an operation using the function X, and in this embodiment, may be a target process of application software.
Specifically, the operating system generally monitors the states of all shared libraries in the hard disk by calling a monitoring process, and after the shared library B in the hard disk is covered by the shared library C, the operating system can call the monitoring process to load the shared library C into the system memory. Because the operating system calls the function X in advance in the process Z, the monitoring process is called to maintain the corresponding relationship between the identifier of the function X and the shared library B, so that the monitoring process also generates notification information while loading the shared library C, and sends the notification information to the process Z to notify the process Z to update the storage address of the function X. The notification information includes the address of the shared library C in the system memory.
When the process Z is using the function X to execute the program, it does not receive any external data, and can receive the external data only in the idle state and respond, so when the process Z detects that the current function X is in the idle state, it sends a response message to the monitoring process, and when the process Z detects that the current function X is being used, it stores the notification message in the cache.
When the function X is in an idle state, the process Z traverses the shared library C, reads the storage address when the function X is found, and then updates the storage address of the function X which is maintained in advance, namely, the storage address of the function X in the shared library C is used for replacing the storage address of the function X in the shared library B. When the function X is being used, after the use is finished, the traversal and replacement operations are executed, and after the replacement is finished, the replacement completion information is sent to the monitoring process.
Since the storage address of the function X is replaced to release the association relationship between the function X and the shared library C, in this embodiment, the monitoring process may monitor the total number of functions associated with the shared library B in real time, and after receiving the replacement completion information sent by the process Z, subtract 1 from the total number. And when the monitoring process monitors that the total number of the functions associated with the shared library B is 0, the monitoring process considers that no function is called in the shared library B currently, and deletes the shared library B from the system memory, so that the dynamic replacement of the shared library is completed.
In addition, in this embodiment, after the monitoring process detects that the shared library C in the hard disk covers the shared library B, notification information may be generated first and sent to the process currently calling the function in the shared library B, and when a response is received, the currently idle running process may be determined, and then the idle running process may be called to execute an operation of loading the shared library C. Specifically, the present embodiment is not described in detail herein.
It can be seen from the foregoing embodiments that, in the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, an operating system can dynamically release an association relationship between an original shared library and a currently running program in a running process, so that the original shared library can be deleted without affecting the running state of the program, so as to implement dynamic replacement of the shared library in a system memory, thereby avoiding restarting of devices, and further not only saving the time for upgrading the shared library, but also keeping all current business processes to be continuously executed, and improving the execution efficiency of the business processes.
Corresponding to the implementation method, the application also provides a shared library upgrading device. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a shared library upgrading apparatus provided in the present application. The device can be arranged in the Linux operating system and used for executing the shared library upgrading method corresponding to fig. 1 and fig. 2.
The device comprises: a loading module 11, a determining module 12, a reading module 13, a replacing module 14 and an executing module 15. The system comprises a loading module 11, a system memory and a control module, wherein the loading module is used for loading a target shared library into the system memory when detecting that the target shared library covers the operation of an original shared library; a determining module 12, configured to determine a function in the original shared library currently in use; a reading module 13, configured to read a storage address of the function from the target shared library; a replacing module 14, configured to replace the preset address corresponding to the function with the storage address; and the execution module 15 is configured to delete the original shared library from the system memory when addresses of all the functions are replaced.
On the basis of the above description, in a specific embodiment, the loading module 11 is specifically configured to invoke a monitoring process to load the target shared library into the system memory from the hard disk; or calling the current idle running process to load the target shared library into the system memory from the hard disk.
In another embodiment, the reading module 13 is specifically configured to determine application software for calling the function; calling a target process of the application software to traverse the target shared library, wherein the target process is a process for executing operation by using the function; and when the function is found, reading the corresponding address of the function in the target shared library.
In addition, on the basis of the above embodiment, the reading module 13 is further configured to invoke a monitoring process to detect whether a target process invoking the application software is executing an operation using the function before the target process invokes the application software to traverse the target shared library; and when the target process does not use the function to execute the operation, executing the operation that the target process calling the application software traverses the target shared library.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the apparatus further includes a monitoring module, where the monitoring module is configured to monitor, in real time, the total number of functions associated with the original shared library; in this embodiment, the executing module 15 is further configured to delete the original shared library from the system memory when the total number of functions connected to the original shared library is zero.
Therefore, according to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the operating system can dynamically remove the incidence relation between the original shared library and the currently running program in the running process, so that the original shared library can be deleted under the state that the program running is not influenced, the dynamic replacement of the shared library in the system memory is realized, the equipment restart can be avoided, the upgrading time of the shared library can be saved, all current business processes can be continuously executed, and the execution efficiency of the business processes is improved.
In a specific implementation, the present application further provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium may store a program, and the program may include some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the calling method provided by the present invention when executed. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM) or a Random Access Memory (RAM).
Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the techniques of the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented as software plus a required general purpose hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be essentially or partially implemented in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
The same and similar parts in the various embodiments in this specification may be referred to each other. In particular, for the shared library upgrading method embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the description in the method embodiment.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A shared library upgrading method, the method comprising:
when the operation that a target shared library covers an original shared library is detected, loading the target shared library into a system memory;
determining a function in the original shared library which is currently used;
reading a storage address of the function from the target shared library;
replacing the preset address corresponding to the function by using the storage address;
and monitoring the total number of functions associated with the original shared library in real time, and deleting the original shared library from the system memory when the addresses of all the functions are replaced.
2. The shared library staging method of claim 1, wherein the loading the target shared library into system memory comprises:
calling a monitoring process to load the target shared library into a system memory from a hard disk;
or,
and calling the current idle running process to load the target shared library into a system memory from a hard disk.
3. The shared library upgrading method of claim 1, wherein the reading of the memory address of the function from the target shared library comprises:
determining application software calling the function;
calling a target process of the application software to traverse the target shared library, wherein the target process is a process for executing operation by using the function;
and when the function is found, reading the corresponding address of the function in the target shared library.
4. The shared library upgrade method of claim 3, wherein prior to a target process invoking the application software traversing the target shared library, the method further comprises:
calling a monitoring process to detect whether the target process is using the function to execute operation;
and when the target process does not use the function to execute the operation, executing the operation that the target process calling the application software traverses the target shared library.
5. The shared library upgrading method of claim 1,
when the replacement of the addresses of all the functions is completed, deleting the original shared library from the system memory comprises:
and when the total number of functions connected with the original shared library is zero, deleting the original shared library from the system memory.
6. A shared library upgrading apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the loading module is used for loading the target shared library into a system memory when the operation that the target shared library covers the original shared library is detected;
the determining module is used for determining the functions in the original shared library which are currently used;
the reading module is used for reading the storage address of the function from the target shared library;
a replacing module, configured to replace the preset address corresponding to the function with the storage address;
and the execution module is used for monitoring the total number of the functions related to the original shared library in real time and deleting the original shared library from the system memory when the addresses of all the functions are replaced.
7. The shared library upgrade apparatus of claim 6,
the loading module is specifically used for calling a monitoring process to load the target shared library into a system memory from a hard disk; or calling the current idle running process to load the target shared library into the system memory from the hard disk.
8. The shared library upgrade apparatus of claim 6,
the reading module is specifically used for determining application software for calling the function; calling a target process of the application software to traverse the target shared library, wherein the target process is a process for executing operation by using the function; and when the function is found, reading the corresponding address of the function in the target shared library.
9. The shared library upgrade apparatus of claim 8,
the reading module is used for calling a monitoring process to detect whether a target process of the application software is using the function to execute operation or not before the target process is called to traverse the target shared library; and when the target process does not use the function to execute the operation, executing the operation that the target process calling the application software traverses the target shared library.
10. The shared library upgrade apparatus of claim 6,
the execution module is further configured to delete the original shared library from the system memory when the total number of functions connected to the original shared library is zero.
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