CN1070592C - Load gear driving conical surface friction speed variator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an on-load gear-transmission cone friction speed changer. In order to prevent collision between gear teeth of gears when the speed is changed, the present invention adopts a method which can radically prevent gear exchange, and the engagement object gear of each gear is unchanged when the speed is changed; the speed change is implemented by combination of coaxial gears through friction cones. Thus, the speed changer not only has high efficiency of gear transmission, but also is easy to implement on-load speed change.

Description

A kind of on-load gear driving conical surface friction speed variator

A kind of on-load gear driving conical surface friction speed variator is that a kind of the cut-out loaded and the invention of energy gear graduation, belongs to mechanical transmission fields.

The on-load speed change is the target that the mechanical transmission fields people chase always, though the stepless speed changes devices of the electric power formula, hydraulic type and friction type can the on-load speed change, efficient is lower usually.Though and gear type speed change efficient height, it is difficult being used for the on-load speed change.

For obtaining the high efficiency of gear transmission limit speed, can mesh with many groups of gear trains with different speed ratios, but in practical work process, input is imported into or is exported the power that spreads out of by the different clutch operating of conversion, make it to have only a Transmitted chains job, and other engaging gears are in empty cover state.As the used flexible device of liberation 1401 Medium Trucks of Changchun China's First Automotive Works production, but such speed changer must use main clutch that input power or load are broken away from for avoiding the collision of clutch tooth.And, use synchronizer that the speed discrepancy at clutch two ends is reduced for speed change clutch is meshed smoothly more.Such device is complex structure not only, nor can the on-load speed change.

The objective of the invention is to invent a kind of can the on-load speed change, and use the speed changer of meshed transmission gear.

Structure of the present invention as shown in Figures 1 and 2, it has input gear 98, output gear 103, input gear 98 is an external tooth gear, output gear 103 is an internal-gear, external gear 100 and external gear 102 mesh with output gear 103 respectively, external gear 99, external gear 101 respectively with external gear 100, external gear 102 is coaxial, all mesh again simultaneously with input gear 98,98 of gears of input are coaxial with output gear 103, it is characterized in that: between gear 99 and the gear 100, between gear 101 and the gear 102, between input gear 98 and the output gear 103 the coaxial friction circle conical surface is housed.

Basic inventive concept of the present invention is, all gears and gear pair all are in and determine constant engagement, when the conversion velocity ratio, do not change its engagement, promptly before the speed change with whose engagement, after the speed change still with whose engagement.In other words, speed changer is speed change in any case, and each gear is all determined unchangeably and the gear engagement that originally is meshed with it.Speed change is just passed through the combination of the friction circle conical surface with coaxial gear.Therefore the exchange of gear when having avoided speed change has been avoided the engaging-in of gear and has been nibbled out, is easy to accomplish simply the on-load speed change.

Accompanying drawing 1 is a transmission schematic representation of the present invention, and accompanying drawing 2 is conical surface friction structural representations, and its structural relation and working principle can be described below:

In this manual, with Z _xThe expression label is the number of teeth of the gear of x, and for example gear 100 numbers of teeth are Z ₁₀₀

External gear 100 and external gear 102 all mesh with internal gear 103.External gear 99, external gear 101 are coaxial with external gear 100, external gear 102 respectively, again all with external gear 98 engagements.98 of external gears are coaxial with internal gear 103.Between external gear 99 and the external gear 100, between external gear 101 and the external gear 102, between input gear 98 and the output gear 103 the coaxial friction circle conical surface is housed, as shown in Figure 2.The gear 102 that has outer conical surface is installed in axle 107 through key 108.Through feather key 104 sliding shaft sleeve 105 is housed on the axle 107, gear 101 is housed on the sliding shaft sleeve 105 rotationally, gear 101 one are connected with internal conical surface, and can be with sliding shaft sleeve 105 at feather key 104 guiding lower edge axial slips.If gear 101 is along direction of arrow slippage to the right, its inner conical surface engages with the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of gear 102, relies on the frictional force between the inside and outside conical surface, the rotation that will be bonded together of gear 101, gear 102, and power is promptly passed over.If gear 101 is to moving to left, the then inside and outside conical surface breaks away from, and two gears separate, and the power transmission is cut off.The joint that keeps cone of friction needs certain axial push-tight power to transmit enough moments of torsion, and this available spring or alternate manner are accomplished, belong to prior art, do not narrate here.In order to increase this axial push-tight power, design of gears can be become spiral gear, make it when transmission is meshed to produce axial force, and the direction that is designed to this axial force is the push-tight cone of friction, as the direction of arrow in the accompanying drawing 2.In the accompanying drawing 1, if with external gear 98 is the input gear, internal gear 103 is an output gear, when 3 cones of friction all separate, power can't transmit, speed changer is in neutral gear: when only gear 101 engaged with the conical surface of 102 of gears, the speed ratio of speed changer (ratio of input gear 98 and the rotating speed of output gear 103) was $i=\frac{Z_{101}}{Z_{98}}*\frac{Z_{103}}{Z_{102}}$ If only external gear 99 engages with the conical surface of 100 of external gears, then speed ratio is $i=\frac{Z_{99}}{Z_{98}}*\frac{Z_{103}}{Z_{100}}$

If only importing gear 98 engages with the conical surface of 103 of output gears, speed ratio is 1: 1.If simultaneously 2 or more conical surface combinations are arranged, then speed changer is in braking state, becomes break.Owing to can arrange gear on different axial positions, therefore the gear of different speed ratios can be placed on the different axial sections, makes speed changer that many speed ratio shelves numbers can be arranged.The speed changer of this cone of friction engagement type can have multiple pattern and structure, and essential features in common is that speed change does not rely on and changes gear meshing object tooth and do, and relies on the joint of cone of friction between control gear and separately.

The supporting of mentioning in this specification everywhere though direct supporting is shown on the drawing, all can use rolling bearing (except that semi-circular supporting), rolling element, sliding bearing to support.Be posted by the supporting in the housing, because size is bigger, sliding bearing, the lining that might allow to use the engineering plastics of low coefficient of friction to make.

Principle of the present invention can make gear-shift transmission on-load speed change easily, the gear teeth collision in the time of can not gear shift occurring.Owing to be gear transmission, efficient is higher.Can in smaller size smaller, have big speed change gear, and easily automatic speed changing, constitute high efficiency " accurate stepless gear-shift transmission ", be applicable to vehicle, engineering machinery and industry equipment.

Claims (1)

1. on-load gear driving conical surface friction speed variator, it has input gear (98), output gear (103), input gear (98) is an external tooth gear, output gear (103) is an internal-gear, external gear (100) and external gear (102) mesh with output gear (103) respectively, external gear (99), external gear (101) respectively with external gear (100), external gear (102) is coaxial, all mesh again simultaneously with input gear (98), input gear (98) is then coaxial with output gear (103), it is characterized in that: between gear (99) and the gear (100), between gear (101) and the gear (102), the input gear (98) with output gear (103) between the coaxial friction circle conical surface is housed.

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