CN107056899B - 一种细胞膜定位信号肽及其编码基因和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种细胞膜定位信号肽及其编码基因和应用,所述的信号肽为(a)或(b);(a)由SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列组成的多肽;(b)将SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列经过一个或几个氨基酸残基的取代和/或缺失和/或添加且具有细胞膜定位信号肽功能的衍生多肽。本发明在编码Tat碱性结构域的DNA序列基础上另加了11个氨基酸编码序列,形成的细胞膜定位信号肽可将内源和外源目标蛋白靶向定位于细胞膜。将本发明提供的细胞膜定位信号肽与合适的目标蛋白形成融合蛋白,通过细胞内过表达或外源加入到细胞培养基中,增强了内源及外源蛋白细胞膜靶向定位的有效性,可用于开发治疗病毒、寄生虫、细菌感染的疫苗和药物,并实现高效给药。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种细胞膜定位信号肽、编码基因及其应用,属于基因工程技术领域。
背景技术
许多人类疾病,包括神经退行性疾病,目前是不可治愈的。细胞和组织屏障的存在,例如神经变性疾病特定情况下的血脑屏障(blood–brain barrier,BBB),阻止了治疗分子的靶向运输,减弱了治疗分子达到其自身靶标的能力。通过与能够穿过生物膜的细胞穿透肽(cell-penetrating peptides,CPP)的结合以增加组织治疗剂的生物分布是研究的热点。CPP能够携带不同的治疗分子,将它们输送到它们的特定靶点并且增加它们在难以接近的组织中的浓度,从而增强它们的治疗效率。
来源于HIV-1转录因子Tat蛋白碱性结构域的多肽是目前最有前景,研究最清楚的CPP。其有望用于治疗各种人类疾病,特别是神经退行性疾病。它能够与不同的治疗分子结合,包括小分子、抗体、多肽、脂质体,纳米颗粒以及核酸等;其能够有效增加治疗剂的组织通透性以及到达生物靶点的效率。
编码Tat碱性结构域的DNA序列与其它蛋白基因融合后,在靶细胞内过表达会驱使靶蛋白定位在细胞核中。而Tat碱性结构域形成的穿透肽与外源蛋白融合后可以通过内吞途径进入细胞质,在细胞质中积累,有小部分进入细胞核中。因此,能够有效地使外源蛋白作用于细胞质以及细胞核中的靶点。Tat碱性结构域的这些特性,为本发明鉴定新的蛋白转运信号肽奠定了基础。该蛋白转运信号肽能够驱使融合蛋白定位于细胞膜上,增强内源及外源蛋白细胞膜靶向定位的有效性。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明的目的是提供一种细胞膜定位信号肽、编码基因及其应用,该细胞膜定位信号肽可将内源(细胞内过表达)和外源目标蛋白靶向定位于细胞膜。
为了实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种细胞膜定位信号肽,所述的信号肽为(a)或(b);
(a)由SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列组成的多肽;
(b)将SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列经过一个或几个氨基酸残基的取代和/或缺失和/或添加且具有细胞膜定位信号肽功能的衍生多肽。
一种编码所述的细胞膜定位信号肽的基因序列,所述的基因序列为(a)、(b)或(c);
(a)如SEQ ID NO.2所示的核苷酸序列;
(b)在严格条件下与SEQ ID NO.2所示的核苷酸序列杂交且编码具有细胞膜定位信号肽功能蛋白的核苷酸序列;
(c)与SEQ ID NO.2所示的核苷酸序列具有90%以上同源性且编码具有细胞膜定位信号肽功能蛋白的核苷酸序列。
一种含有所述的细胞膜定位信号肽的重组融合蛋白。
一种含有所述的基因序列的重组表达载体、重组菌或转基因细胞系。
一种所述的信号肽在将目标蛋白定位于细胞膜中的应用。
一种将目标蛋白定位于细胞膜的方法,将所述的信号肽作为细胞膜定位信号肽将目标蛋白定位于细胞膜上。
所述的将目标蛋白定位于细胞膜的方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)将融合基因导入靶细胞中,从而将目标蛋白定位于靶细胞的细胞膜上;所述融合基因自上游至下游依次包括编码信号肽的基因序列和编码目标蛋白的基因序列;或
(b)将外源融合蛋白加入靶细胞培养基中,从而使目标蛋白跨过靶细胞的细胞膜进入靶细胞中,并最终定位于靶细胞的细胞膜上;所述外源融合蛋白自N端至C端依次包括细胞膜定位信号肽和目标蛋白的氨基酸序列。
所述的靶细胞为HeLa细胞。
一种所述的细胞膜定位信号肽在制备治疗病毒、寄生虫、细菌感染的疫苗和药物中的应用。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明在编码Tat碱性结构域的DNA序列基础上另加了11个氨基酸编码序列,形成的细胞膜定位信号肽可将内源(细胞内过表达)和外源目标蛋白靶向定位于细胞膜。将本发明提供的细胞膜定位信号肽与合适的目标蛋白形成融合蛋白,通过细胞内过表达或外源加入到细胞培养基中,增强了内源及外源蛋白细胞膜靶向定位的有效性,可用于开发治疗病毒、寄生虫、细菌感染的疫苗和药物,并实现高效给药。
附图说明
图1为本发明的重组质粒pcDNA3.1-21aa-EGFP的载体图谱。
图2为本发明的重组质粒pcDNA3.1-21aa-EGFP构建的验证结果图,泳道1、2均为重组质粒pcDNA3.1-21aa-EGFP。
图3为本发明的重组质粒pcDNA3.1-21aa-EGFP转染HeLa细胞后表达的融合蛋白的定位检测图。
图4为本发明的重组质粒pET-28a(+)-21aa-EGFP的载体图谱。
图5为本发明的重组质粒pET-28a(+)-21aa-EGFP构建的验证结果图,泳道1、2均为重组质粒pET-28a(+)-21aa-EGFP。
图6为本发明的外源性重组蛋白His-21aa-EGFP在HeLa细胞中的定位检测图。
具体实施方式
以下实施例便于更好地理解本发明,但并不限定本发明。下述实施例中的试验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。所用的试验材料,如无特殊说明,均为自常规生化试剂商店购买得到。
实施例1、在HeLa细胞内过表达融合蛋白的定位
一、真核重组表达质粒的构建
1、设计引物
由上海生工生物技术有限公司合成包含SEQ ID NO.2所示(表达序列表的SEQ IDNO.1自N端第1个至21个氨基酸残基组成的多肽,简称21aa)的核苷酸序列的PCR扩增引物,具体为:
上游引物21For:5’-CTGGTACCATGAAGTCGTGCTTCGCATGCCTAGTCTGCTTCATGGG ACGTAAGAAGCGACGACAGCGACGACGAGTGAGCAAGGGCGAGGAGC-3’,下划线处为Kpn I酶切位点(SEQ IDNO.3);
下游引物21Rev:5’-CTGAATTCTTACTTGTACAGCTCGTC-3’,下划线处为EcoR I酶切位点(SEQ ID NO.4)。
2、PCR扩增:以质粒pEGFP-N1为模板,进行PCR扩增,得到大小为799bp的PCR产物。PCR扩增体系(50μl)为:10×buffer 5μl、MgCl2(25mM)5μl、dNTP mixture(10mM each)1μl、Taq polymerase(5U/μl)0.5μl、21For(10μM)1μl、21Rev(10μM)1μl、模板1μl,其余添加ddH2O。PCR扩增条件为:94℃5min;94℃30s,56℃30s,72℃60s,30个循环;72℃10min。
3、酶切:用限制性内切酶Kpn I和EcoR I双酶切步骤2中的PCR产物(37℃酶切4h),得到PCR酶切产物。同时,用限制性内切酶Kpn I和EcoR I双酶切质粒pcDNA3.1(+),回收5400bp左右的线性质粒DNA片断。
4、连接:将步骤3的PCR酶切产物和pcDNA3.1(+)线性DNA片段连接,得到重组质粒pcDNA3.1-21aa-EGFP,pcDNA3.1-21aa-EGFP质粒图谱见图1。用Kpn I和EcoR I双酶切重组质粒pcDNA3.1-21aa-EGFP,得到步骤2中所述的799bp的DNA片断(图2)。根据测序结果,对重组质粒pcDNA3.1-21aa-EGFP的结构特征描述为:在质粒pcDNA3.1(+)的Kpn I和EcoR I酶切位点之间插入SEQ ID NO.2所示的基因序列和编码绿色荧光蛋白EGFP的基因序列所组成的融合片段,表达21aa和EGFP的融合蛋白,简称21aa-EGFP。
二、融合蛋白在HeLa细胞中的定位
用重组质粒pcDNA3.1-21aa-EGFP转染HeLa细胞,检测HeLa细胞内融合蛋白的定位。具体方法为:
1、HeLa细胞的培养:将培养好的HeLa细胞用0.25%的胰酶消化成单细胞,用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基重悬至细胞浓度为1.5×105cells/ml,再接种至12孔细胞培养板中,1ml/孔,在35℃、5%CO2条件下培养18-24h至细胞贴壁,转染时,细胞密度以70-80%为宜。
2、制备DNA/PEI混合物:用不含血清和抗生素的DMEM培养基,将每1μg重组质粒pcDNA3.1-21aa-EGFP稀释至90μl;再按照每1μg重组质粒加入6μl 1mg/ml PEI(聚醚酰亚胺)溶液的比例加入PEI溶液,温和混匀,室温静置10min。
3、转染:弃去细胞培养板中的旧培养基,每孔加入900μl新鲜培养基(含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基);将孵育好的DNA/PEI混合物按照每孔1μg重组质粒的量加入至细胞培养板的各孔中,温和混匀,于35℃、5%CO2条件下继续培养;18-24h后,用Hoechst染液标记细胞核,荧光显微镜下观测融合蛋白的定位,结果见图3。图3结果表明,融合蛋白21aa-EGFP主要定位在HeLa细胞的细胞膜上。
实施例2、外源性融合蛋白在HeLa细胞中的定位
一、原核重组表达质粒的构建
1、设计引物
由上海生工生物技术有限公司合成包含SEQ ID NO.2所示(表达序列表的SEQ IDNO.1自N端第1个至21个氨基酸残基组成的多肽,简称21aa)的核苷酸序列的PCR扩增引物,具体为:
上游引物21’For:
5’-CTGGATCCATGAAGTCGTGCTTCGCATGCCTAGTCTGCTTCATGGGACGTAAGAAGCGACGACAGCGACGACGAGTGAGCAAGGGCGAGGAGC-3’,下划线处为BamH I酶切位点(SEQ ID NO.5);
下游引物21’Rev:5’-GACTCGAGCTTGTACAGCTCGTC-3’,下划线处为Xho I酶切位点(SEQ ID NO.6)。
2、PCR扩增:以质粒pEGFP-N1为模板,进行PCR扩增,得到大小为799bp的PCR产物。PCR扩增体系(50μl)为:10×buffer 5μl、MgCl2(25mM)5μl、dNTP mixture(10mM each)1μl、Taq polymerase(5U/μl)0.5μl、21’For(10μM)1μl、21’Rev(10μM)1μl、模板1μl,其余添加ddH2O。PCR扩增条件为:94℃5min;94℃30s,56℃30s,72℃60s,30个循环;72℃10min。
3、酶切:用限制性内切酶BamH I和Xho I双酶切步骤2中的PCR产物(37℃酶切4h),得到PCR酶切产物。同时,用限制性内切酶BamH I和Xho I双酶切质粒pET-28a(+),回收5300bp左右的线性质粒DNA片断。
4、连接:将步骤3的PCR酶切产物和pET-28a(+)线性DNA片段连接,得到原核表达重组质粒pET-28a(+)-21aa-EGFP,原核表达His-21aa-EGFP融合蛋白。pET-28a(+)-21aa-EGFP质粒图谱见图4。用BamH I和Xho I双酶切pET-28a(+)-21aa-EGFP质粒时,得到步骤2中所述的799bp的DNA片断(图5)。根据测序结果,对重组质粒pET-28a(+)-21aa-EGFP的结构特征描述为:在质粒pET-28a(+)的BamH I和Xho I酶切位点之间插入SEQ ID NO.2所示的基因序列和编码绿色荧光蛋白EGFP的基因序列所组成的融合片段,表达带有6×His标签的21aa和EGFP的融合蛋白,简称His-21aa-EGFP。
二、融合蛋白His-21aa-EGFP的表达纯化
1、诱导表达:将质粒pET-28a(+)-21aa-EGFP转化于菌株E.coli BL21中,12h后挑取相应质粒转化的单菌落,接种到3-5ml LB培养基(含氨苄青霉素100μg/ml),37℃培养12-18h,即OD600大于1.5时停止培养。将菌液按体积比1:100接种到200ml LB培养基中(含氨苄青霉素100μg/ml),37℃培养2-3h,至OD600为0.6-0.8。取1ml菌液用作诱导前的对照,在剩余菌液中加入IPTG至终浓度0.1mM,转至20℃低转速过夜培养。第二天,取1ml菌液用作诱导后的对照,其余菌液在4℃6000rpm离心8min收集菌体。
2、菌体裂解:将收集的菌体重悬于20ml磷酸盐缓冲液(phosphate-bufferedsaline,PBS),磷酸盐缓冲液的成分为140mM NaCl,10mM Na2HPO4,2.7mM KCl,1.8mMKH2PO4,pH 7.3。重悬液在4℃6000rpm离心8min洗涤菌体。弃离心上清液,将洗涤后的菌体重悬于10ml裂解缓冲液(20mM Tris-HCl、pH 7.4,100mM NaCl、100mM imidazole、0.1%Triton X-100、1×protease inhibitor)中制备菌体悬浊液,超声破碎至菌体悬浊液变澄清,避免产生大量泡沫,适时补加PMSF(苯甲基磺酰氟)至终浓度1mM,以减少蛋白的降解。4℃14000rpm离心30min,收集上清液,并用0.22μm孔径滤膜过滤除杂。
3、亲和纯化:事先用5倍柱体积的平衡缓冲液5ml(20mM Tris-HCl、pH 7.4,100mMNaCl、100mM imidazole)于室温平衡1ml Ni2+sepharose磁珠。将平衡好的磁珠加入到细胞裂解上清液中,于4℃孵育过夜,适时补加PMSF至终浓度1mM,以减少蛋白的降解。第二天,用5ml 5mM imidazole(溶解在20mM Tris-HCl,pH 7.4,500mM NaCl缓冲液中)洗脱非特异性吸附蛋白。分别用5ml 50mM、250mM、500mM的imidazole(溶解在20mM Tris-HCl,pH 7.4,100mM NaCl缓冲液中)洗脱目的蛋白,合并三次洗脱液。
4、蛋白透析、浓缩:根据蛋白分子量的大小选择适宜孔径滤膜的浓缩管,将洗脱液加入浓缩管中,4℃5000rpm离心10-30min,浓缩至0.5ml以下,再加入10ml PBS混匀后继续浓缩,重复2-3次。低温操作以防蛋白降解。
5、测定蛋白质浓度
采用公式法测定蛋白浓度,并且辅助利用BSA标准品进行校正。蛋白浓度=[(A280×1.5-A260×0.75)/消光系数]×稀释倍数,其中A260和A280分别为蛋白样品稀释后在260nm和280nm时的吸光度。
三、融合蛋白在HeLa细胞中的定位
1、HeLa细胞的培养
HeLa细胞的培养:将培养好的HeLa细胞用0.25%的胰酶消化成单细胞,用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基重悬至细胞浓度为1.5×105cells/ml,再接种至12孔细胞培养板中,1ml/孔,在35℃、5%CO2条件下培养18-24h。
2、外源蛋白的加入
弃去细胞培养板中的旧培养基,每孔加入900μl新鲜培养基;在细胞培养板的各孔中加入目的蛋白至终浓度30nM,温和混匀,于35℃、5%CO2条件下继续培养;12h后,用Hoechst染液标记细胞核,荧光显微镜下观测融合蛋白的定位,结果见图6。图6结果表明,融合蛋白His-21aa-EGFP主要定位在HeLa细胞的细胞膜上。
以上所述仅为本发明最佳的实施例,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
SEQUENCE LISTING
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Claims (4)
1.一种细胞膜定位信号肽,其特征在于,所述的信号肽为(a):
由SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列组成的多肽。
2.一种编码权利要求1所述的细胞膜定位信号肽的基因序列,其特征在于,所述的基因序列为SEQ ID NO.2所示的核苷酸序列。
3.一种含有权利要求1所述的细胞膜定位信号肽的重组融合蛋白。
4.一种含有权利要求2所述的基因序列的重组表达载体、重组菌或转基因细胞系。
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