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CN107042168A - 水喷嘴 - Google Patents

水喷嘴 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107042168A
CN107042168A CN201611117333.8A CN201611117333A CN107042168A CN 107042168 A CN107042168 A CN 107042168A CN 201611117333 A CN201611117333 A CN 201611117333A CN 107042168 A CN107042168 A CN 107042168A
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water
operating
fluid header
water nozzle
broadening
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CN107042168B (zh
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雷纳德·维斯勒梅尔
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OASE CO Ltd
Oase Pumpen Wuebker Soehne GmbH and Co Maschinenfabrik
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OASE CO Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/12—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means capable of producing different kinds of discharge, e.g. either jet or spray
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/22—Spouts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/02—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape
    • B05B1/06—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops, or having an outlet of particular shape in annular, tubular or hollow conical form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
    • B05B1/16—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening having selectively- effective outlets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • B05B1/262—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors
    • B05B1/265—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors the liquid or other fluent material being symmetrically deflected about the axis of the nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3033—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head
    • B05B1/3073—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a deflector acting as a valve in co-operation with the outlet orifice
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3033—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head
    • B05B1/308—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element comprising both a lift valve and a deflector separated from the lift valve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B05B17/08—Fountains
    • B05B17/085—Fountains designed to produce sheets or curtains of liquid, e.g. water walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B9/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour
    • B05B9/03—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material
    • B05B9/04—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump
    • B05B9/0403—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B9/0406—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material with several pumps

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  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

水喷嘴装备有至少两个单独的导水装置(6,7)，不同的水容积流(V1,V2)通过导水装置可被可控地在流体头部(13)处合成环形束(5,5’)地引导，其中，通过控制容积流(V1,V2)备选地可产生窄束(5)或至少一个经扩宽的束(5’)。根据本发明，喷嘴具有回转元件(18)，该回转元件具有在束方向(S)上布置在流体头部(13)下游且与流体头部(13)间隔的中间出口(3)，其直径如此地设计，即，其让窄束(5)通过，而经扩宽的束(5’)撞上围绕出口(3)的回转设备(22,28,38)。

Description

水喷嘴
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据权利要求1的前序部分的水喷嘴。此类水喷嘴由DE 10 2013005 972 A1已知。其具有至少两个单独的导水装置，不同的水容积流通过导水装置可同样被单独可控地导引至流体头部。在流体头部处，水容积流合成环形束。取决于容积流中哪个较大，在此形成窄的成束的环形束或形成或多或少扩宽的环形束。
背景技术
在实际中，为了产生喷泉效果存在可突然切断所产生的水束的水喷嘴的需求。这通过机械式切断装置(所谓的快门)来实现，其截断在喷嘴设备内的导水装置且临时阻止出水。
在DE 10 2004 006 796 A1中描述了另一种实施方式，在其中可经由可独立打开的供气阀将水束导引到不同的通道中，由此可产生类似的效果。
然而，两种先前已知的实施方案鉴于待产生的水束抛距受限制，因为已知的装置在高水压的情形中需要非常昂贵且复杂的构造，其而且是高维护且易磨损的。此外，DE 102004 006 796 A1的实施方式经受鉴于可用水压的物理限制。
发明内容
因此，本发明基于如下目的，即，使得一种带有用于水束的切断功能的水喷嘴可供使用，其在设计上简化地同样可被使用在高水压且因此水束大抛距的情形中。该目的通过一种带有权利要求1的特征的水喷嘴来实现。
如在DE 10 2013 005 972 A1中那样，首先由至少两个经由单独的导水装置所输送的水容积流在流体头部处产生环形束。该环形束通过改变水容积流大致成束地构造成窄束或呈漏斗状地被扩宽。此外，根据本发明的水喷嘴具有回转元件，其与流体头部间隔地在束方向上布置在流体头部下游、具有中间出口。其直径如此来测定，即，窄束可畅通无阻地穿过，而经扩宽的束撞上围绕出口延伸的回转设备。通过控制或者改变水容积流，因此窄的环形束可突然被改变成经扩宽的束，由此仿佛被切断，水束不再从出口流出，因为经扩宽的束不可经过该出口而在回转设备中被回转。
优选地，回转设备包括带有在流动方向上扩大的外径的中心体，在其中间存在出口。增大的外径构成撞击和引导壁，其尽可能少力地且进而同样少反冲地且少喷溅地实现经扩宽的水束的回转。该中间元件在下部的区域中可圆锥形地根据瓶塞的形式来成形。
优选地，水喷嘴具有用于环形束的由流体头部延伸至出口的导管。该导管防止如下，即，由回转设备弹回或滴下的水或其它外部影响(例如风)影响环形束，尤其当该环形束应构造成用于由出口穿过的窄束时。
回转元件可优选具有罩盖或者整体上大致呈罩盖状地设计，其中，罩盖间隔地围绕流体头部延伸。罩盖可呈圆柱形罐状地成形，其中，出口处在上部的罩盖中间或者在“罐底部”中。呈罩盖状的造型将呈漏斗状经扩宽的束的弹回的和经绕转的水转回到后面/下面的区域中且因此疏通水流，从而在经切断/回转的束的情形中围绕水出口尽可能不看到水流。
在一种进一步优选的实施方式中，罩盖在流动方向上延伸回到流体头部之后，从而使得其部分包围导水装置。因此，经绕转的水束被导回到在正常情况中避开观察者的视线的区域中。此外，通过该延长的回转对于被回引的水而言充分丧失速度，从而不出现反冲扰流。当水喷嘴借助于支架被如此地装配，即，水喷嘴的尽可能少地可见的部分由周围介质的表面伸出时，此类实施方案是特别有利的。如果该表面是水表面，则流体头部和水出口布置在水表面之上，而罩盖的后部端部延伸直到水表面之下，从而使得经扇形展开的束的回流的水被导引到水表面之下且因此对于观察者而言保持不可见。如果周围介质与之相反例如是砾石床，喷嘴可如此地布置，即，仅水出口伸出到砾石床的表面之上，而罩盖再次以其后部端部浸入到砾石床中。在该情况中，罩盖无须长于在流体头部与水出口之间的距离，而是仅盖住可见的伸出的区域。
附图说明
另外的优点和细节由从属权利要求和在附图中示出的在下面所描述的实施例得出，其中：
图1显示了在使用中的产生呈抛物线形的水束的根据本发明的水喷嘴，
图2显示了不带有所描绘的水容积流的穿过根据图1的水喷嘴的纵截面，
图3显示了在方向III-III上穿过不带有支撑脚然而带有示出的水容积流的根据图2的对象的截面，且
图4显示了带有扩宽的经回转的水束的根据图3的对象。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出的水喷嘴在所描绘的使用目的的情形中利用支架1如此地布置在储水器的周围介质2中，即，水喷嘴的出口3由储水器2的表面4露出。水喷嘴在图1上产生在大的抛物线中的窄束5。
图2以截面形式显示了根据图1的喷嘴，然而不带有储水器且不带有水容积流。喷嘴的功能在图3和4中被图解说明。
在图3和4的工作原理草图中，喷嘴具有用于未示出的第一泵的第一接口11。该第一泵将水容积流V1泵到呈环形的由在喷嘴的内管7与外管8之间的间隙构成的导水装置6中。同时，同样未示出的第二泵将水容积流V2经由第二接口12泵到由内管7构成的另外的导水装置中。
在内管7和外管8的前端部处存在流体头部13，其大致由外部的导流器14和内部的导流器15构成。两个导流器14,15优选可调节且将水容积流V1和V2在由流体头部13的出口处合成轮廓分明的环形束5。在此，导流器14,15的可调节性用于环形束5的调整。该环形束非接触式地穿过导管17延伸至回转元件18，回转元件在此处示出的实施方式的情形中构造成罩盖。该罩盖包括在束方向S上布置在流体头部13之后且与流体头部13间隔的中间出口3，环形束5在图3中畅通无阻地通过其流出。
图4显示了水喷嘴的一种备选的运行状态。在此，容积流V2相对容积流V1被提高或容积流V1相对容积流V2被降低。由此在流体头部13处构成呈漏斗状扩宽的环形束5’。该环形束由于其扩宽不可经过出口3。而是经扩宽的环形束5’借助于回转设备被回转，该回转设备是回转元件18或者此处罩盖的部分。因此，束5’撞上中心体21的撞击和引导壁22且由该处必要时在进一步回转的情形下通过封闭的端面28和罩盖18的侧壁38在箭头R的方向上返回。
在优选的实施方式的情形中，罩盖18在流动方向S上观察延伸回到流体头部13之后。图1显示如下，即，因此尤其地实现水逆流R到周围介质2或者储水器的表面4之下的回引。
通过容积流V1和V2在图3和图4的运行状态之间的调制，就此而言相对图3通过提高容积流V2或降低容积流V1产生在图4中示出的经扩宽的环形束5’。该环形束于是不再离开喷嘴的中间出口3且因此对于观察者而言如被切断那样起作用。
根据本发明的水喷嘴可以高的水压来运行，由此得出水束5的大的抛高或者抛距。此外，通过改变容积流V1和V2还可实现另外的效果，例如抛距的改变或略呈波浪状的束的产生。对此，其转速可被电子调节的泵是尤其适合的。

Claims (5)

1.带有至少两个单独的导水装置(6,7)的水喷嘴，不同的水容积流(V1,V2)通过导水装置可被可控地在流体头部(13)处合成环形束(5,5’)地导引，其中，通过控制所述容积流(V1,V2)选择地可产生窄束(5)或至少一个经扩宽的束(5’)，其特征在于回转元件(18)，该回转元件具有在束方向(S)上布置在所述流体头部(13)下游且与所述流体头部(13)间隔的中间出口(3)，其直径如此地设计，即，其让窄束(5)通过，而经扩宽的束(5’)撞上围绕所述出口(3)的回转设备(22,28,38)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水喷嘴，其特征在于由所述流体头部(13)延伸至所述出口(3)的用于所述环形束(5,5’)的导管(17)。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的水喷嘴，其特征在于，所述回转元件(18)具有间隔地绕所述流体头部(13)延伸的罩盖。
4.根据权利要求3所述的水喷嘴，其特征在于，所述罩盖(18)在流动方向(S)上部分围绕所述导水装置(6,7)地延伸到所述流体头部(13)下游。
5.根据权利要求4所述的水喷嘴，其特征在于，所述水喷嘴具有支架(1)，水喷嘴借助于其可被如此地装配，即，所述出口(3)且必要时所述流体头部(13)由覆盖所述支架(1)的周围介质(2)的表面(4)伸出，其中，所述罩盖(18)的后部敞开的端部延伸直到所述周围介质(2)的表面(4)之下。
CN201611117333.8A 2015-12-07 2016-12-07 水喷嘴 Active CN107042168B (zh)

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DE102015121232.3 2015-12-07
DE102015121232.3A DE102015121232B3 (de) 2015-12-07 2015-12-07 Wasserdüse

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EP (1) EP3178566B1 (zh)
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DE (1) DE102015121232B3 (zh)

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US9855567B2 (en) 2018-01-02
US20170157624A1 (en) 2017-06-08
DE102015121232B3 (de) 2016-12-22
EP3178566A1 (de) 2017-06-14
EP3178566B1 (de) 2018-01-10

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