CN107038236A - A kind of air quality data visualization system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of air quality data visualization system, including data acquisition module, data processing module, data memory module, city air quality data lines display module, the air quality data map display module in city and the air quality data calendar display module in city.A kind of air quality data visualization system of the present invention, based on the processing of parallel coordinates, calendar figure, time series chart and GIS Baidu map Information Visualization Technologies means, preferably air quality data is classified, analyzed and processed, decision support can be provided for administrative department.A kind of air quality data visualization system based on the present invention can carry out exceeded pollutant analysis, by contrasting calendar figure, can obtain main and exceeded pollutant situation.

Description

An Air Quality Data Visualization System

technical field

The invention relates to an air quality system, in particular to an air quality data visualization system.

Background technique

With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the problem of air pollution has been paid more and more attention and needs to be solved urgently. How to effectively analyze and process the complex and huge air quality data has become an important issue. From each air quality report, we can see that the air pollution in some areas of our country cannot be ignored. At the same time, from the mobile APP market, we can see that there are more and more APPs about environmental monitoring, and people's attention to air quality issues has also increased significantly. . However, the current air quality management system does not pay much attention to data visualization, and cannot intuitively display data that is beneficial to users, which is also an urgent problem to be solved.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, an air quality data visualization system is provided, based on the visualization technology design of parallel coordinates, calendar graph, time series graph and GIS Baidu map information technology processing, it can better classify air quality data , Analysis and processing.

In order to achieve the above purpose, an air quality data visualization system, including a data acquisition module, obtains the corresponding air quality pollution levels of particulate matter (PM2.5), inhalable particulate matter (PM10), SO2, NO2, O3 and CO;

The data processing module calculates its corresponding air quality index (AQI), PM25_24h, PM10_24h, SO2_24h, NO2_24h, CO_24h, O3_8h and O3_24h according to the city primary key, wherein,

Among them: I is the sub-air quality index, that is, AQI, the output value; C is the pollutant concentration, the input value; Clow is less than or equal to the concentration limit of C, a constant; Chigh is greater than or equal to the concentration limit of C, a constant; Ilow corresponds to Clow index limit value, constant; Ihigh corresponding to Chigh index limit value, constant; After obtaining each sub-air quality index, then calculate and obtain the air quality index according to formula (2):

AQI=max{IAQI1,IAQI2,...,IAQIn} (2)

The data storage module stores the data obtained by the data acquisition module and the data storage module for backup, wherein the data storage module is provided with a city information data table, a station information data table, a city air quality data table and a station air quality data table;

The city's air quality data line display module obtains the corresponding city's air quality data display graph according to the city name, start time and end time, and uses parallel coordinates to compare the hourly change trend of each pollutant within a week direction, and then through the way of calculating the average value, through the city's air quality data display module to display the relationship between various pollutants;

The air quality data map display module of the city uses AQI coloring and PUL coloring standards to color the visual graphics, and uses the built-in GIS map data to display the corresponding city's air quality data information on the map through different coloring;

The city's air quality data calendar display module, after obtaining the data, sets the corresponding color according to the AQI coloring standard, monitors the radio buttons below the calendar map with JS events, selects different monitoring items, and renders the values of the corresponding monitoring items to the calendar map middle.

As a further optimization of the above scheme, the city information data table includes data items: number (primary key), city name, longitude and latitude, and the number (primary key) is sorted by increasing 1; the station information data table includes data Items: number (primary key), site name and city name, the number (primary key) is sorted by increasing 1, and data connection is performed with the city information data table through the city name.

As a further optimization of the above solution, 356 pieces of information are initialized in the city information data table, involving 356 city names and their corresponding longitude and latitude data.

As a further optimization of the above solution, 1437 pieces of information are initialized in the station information data table, involving 1437 stations and their corresponding city names.

As a further optimization of the above scheme, the urban air quality data table includes data items: city name, AQI, PM2.5, PM25_24h, PM10, PM10_24h, SO2, SO2_24h, NO2, NO2_24h, CO, CO_24h, O3, O3_8h and O3_24h.

As a further optimization of the above scheme, the station air quality data table includes data items: station name, AQI, PM2.5, PM25_24h, PM10, PM10_24h, SO2, SO2_24h, NO2, NO2_24h, CO, CO_24h, O3, O3_8h and O3_24h.

As a further optimization of the above scheme, in the PUL coloring standard, light gray represents CO, light green represents O3, dark blue represents NO2, brown represents SO2, black represents PM10, and dark gray represents PM2.5.

As a further optimization of the above scheme, the urban air quality data map display module is realized by using the Baidu map interface, calling the back-end API interface to obtain the site and urban air quality data, and obtaining the data of each monitoring point through the callback method in the program Latitude and longitude, each specific point is displayed on the web page.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of a kind of air quality data visualization system of the present invention are as follows:

1. An air quality data visualization system of the present invention is based on parallel coordinates, calendar graphs, time series graphs and GIS Baidu map information visualization technology, and can better classify, analyze and process air quality data, which can be used by management departments Provide decision support.

2. An air quality data visualization system of the present invention realizes high-dimensional data visualization, and displays high-dimensional data by using parallel coordinates; people can see the visualization effect very clearly, which facilitates faster and more accurate analysis Raw data.

3. An air quality data visualization system of the present invention realizes spatial information visualization, and uses GIS Baidu map to display the air quality data of cities across the country at a certain time; making these data more intuitive for scientific research or decision makers.

4. An air quality data visualization system of the present invention realizes time-series information visualization, and displays changes in monitoring items in a certain city over a period of time by using a time-series diagram.

5. A kind of air quality data visualization system based on the present invention can carry out the analysis of excessive pollutants: by comparing the calendar chart, the situation of main and excessive pollutants can be obtained; a kind of air quality data visualization system based on the present invention can also carry out multi-region Comparative analysis of air conditions, by viewing the conditions of all monitoring points at the same time in a certain city, analysis and conclusions are obtained.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of an air quality data visualization system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 uses a kind of air quality data visualization system of the present invention to the Pm10 change trend monitoring figure on January 1, 2016-7 days.

Fig. 3 uses a kind of air quality data visualization system of the present invention to monitor the trend of Pm2.5 from January 1st to 7th, 2016.

detailed description

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention discloses an air quality data visualization system, including a data collection module, a data processing module, a data storage module, a city air quality data line display module, a city air quality data map display module and a city air quality data display module. Quality data calendar display module.

Among them, the data acquisition module obtains the corresponding air quality pollution levels of particulate matter (PM2.5), inhalable particulate matter (PM10), SO2, NO2, O3 and CO in real time according to the site and city; see Table 1 for details.

Table 1 Monitored Pollutants

The data processing module calculates its corresponding air quality index (AQI) according to the city primary key, PM25_24h, PM10_24h, SO2_24h, NO2_24h, CO_24h, O3_8h and O3_24h, wherein,

Among them: I is the sub-air quality index, that is, AQI, the output value; C is the pollutant concentration, the input value; Clow is less than or equal to the concentration limit of C, a constant; Chigh is greater than or equal to the concentration limit of C, a constant; Ilow corresponds to Clow index limit value, constant; Ihigh corresponding to Chigh index limit value, constant; After obtaining each sub-air quality index, then calculate and obtain the air quality index according to formula (2):

AQI=max{IAQI1,IAQI2,...,IAQIn} (2)

The data storage module stores the data obtained by the data acquisition module and the data storage module for backup, wherein the data storage module is provided with a city information data table, a station information data table, a city air quality data table and a station air quality data table. The city information data table includes data items: number (primary key), city title, longitude and latitude, and described number (primary key) is sorted by increasing 1; Described site information data table includes data items: number (primary key), site name and City name, the number (primary key) is sorted by increasing 1, and the data connection is carried out with the city information data table through the city name. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, 356 pieces of information are initialized in the city information data table, involving 356 city names and their corresponding longitude and latitude data. 1437 pieces of information are initialized in the station information data table, involving 1437 stations and their corresponding city names. The urban air quality data table includes data items: city name, AQI, PM2.5, PM25_24h, PM10, PM10_24h, SO2, SO2_24h, NO2, NO2_24h, CO, CO_24h, O3, O3_8h and O3_24h. Among them, PM25_24h, PM10, PM10_24h, SO2, SO2_24h, NO2, NO2_24h, CO, CO_24h, O3 and O3_24h represent the 24-hour average value of the corresponding pollutants, and O3_8h represents the 8-hour average value of O3. The station air quality data table includes data items: station name, AQI, PM2.5, PM25_24h, PM10, PM10_24h, SO2, SO2_24h, NO2, NO2_24h, CO, CO_24h, O3, O3_8h and O3_24h.

The city's air quality data line display module obtains the corresponding city's air quality data display graph according to the city name, start time and end time, and uses parallel coordinates to compare the hourly change trend of each pollutant within a week direction, and then through the way of calculating the average value, through the city's air quality data display module display, to get the relationship between various pollutants.

The air quality data map display module of the city uses AQI coloring and PUL coloring standards to color the visual graphics, and uses the built-in GIS map data to display the corresponding city's air quality data information on the map through different coloring. Among them, in the PUL coloring standard, light gray represents CO, light green represents O3, dark blue represents NO2, brown represents SO2, black represents PM10, and dark gray represents PM2.5. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air quality data map display module of the city is realized by using the Baidu map interface, and the back-end API interface is called to obtain the site and the city air quality data, and each monitoring point is obtained by a callback method in the program The latitude and longitude of each specific point will be displayed on the web page.

The city's air quality data calendar display module, after obtaining the data, sets the corresponding color according to the AQI coloring standard, monitors the radio buttons below the calendar map with JS events, selects different monitoring items, and renders the values of the corresponding monitoring items to the calendar map middle.

Using an air quality data visualization system of the present invention, based on the hourly air quality data from January 01, 2016 to January 31, 2016, analysis and processing are performed to obtain:

(1) use the PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, O3 and CO one week's changing trend figure that the air quality data line display module of the city in a kind of air quality data visualization system of the present invention system points out, pushes easily Out: There is an obvious X-type distribution between NO ₂ and O ₃ and SO ₂ and O ₃ , so there is a negative correlation between them, which is also consistent with the chemical principle. The strong oxidant O ₃ and SO ₂ And _NO2 will undergo redox reaction. There is a strong linear relationship between PM2.5 and PM10. This is because PM2.5 refers to particles in the air with a diameter of less than 2.5um, while PM10 refers to non-respirable particles with a diameter of less than 10um, so PM10 includes PM2.5. Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, Fig. 2 uses a kind of air quality data visualization system of the present invention to monitor the trend of Pm10 from January 1st to 7th, 2016. Fig. 3 uses a kind of air quality data visualization system of the present invention to monitor the trend of Pm2.5 from January 1st to 7th, 2016.

(2) In an air quality data visualization system using the system of the present invention, in order to analyze primary pollutants and excessive pollutants in different regions and time periods, different cities and time periods are selected as required. From the calendar chart, you can clearly see the distribution of each monitoring item. You only need to compare it with the distribution of AQI in turn. When it is most similar to the distribution of AQI, it is the primary pollutant. When it is yellow or green, it is excessive pollutant.

(3) In a kind of air quality data visualization system using the system of the present invention, by selecting the air quality situation in different time periods and regions, each specific station information of a specific city is shown in the GIS Baidu map, and multi-regional air quality comparisons are carried out analyze.

An air quality data visualization system of the present invention realizes high-dimensional data visualization[, and displays high-dimensional data by using parallel coordinates; it allows people to see the visualization effect very clearly, which facilitates faster and more accurate analysis of the original data. The air quality data visualization system of the present invention realizes the visualization of spatial information, and uses the GIS Baidu map to display the air quality data of cities across the country at a certain time; making these data more intuitive for scientific research or decision makers.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (8)

1. A visual system for air quality data, characterized in that it includes a data acquisition module, which obtains the particulate matter (PM2.5), inhalable particulate matter (PM10), SO ₂ , NO ₂ , O ₃ and CO; The data processing module calculates its corresponding air quality index (AQI) according to the city master key, PM25_24h, PM10_24h, SO ₂ _24h, NO ₂ _24h, CO_24h, O ₃ _8h and O ₃ _24h, wherein, Where: I is the sub-air quality index, namely AQI, output value; C is the pollutant concentration, input value; C _low is less than or equal to the concentration limit of C, constant; C _high is greater than or equal to the concentration limit of C, constant; I _low corresponds to the index limit of C _low , a constant; I _high corresponds to the index limit of C _high , a constant; after obtaining each sub-air quality index, then calculate and obtain the air quality index according to formula (2): AQI=max{I _AQI1 , I _AQI2 ,..., I _AQIn } (2) The data storage module stores the data obtained by the data acquisition module and the data storage module for backup, wherein the data storage module is provided with a city information data table, a station information data table, a city air quality data table and a station air quality data table; The city's air quality data line display module obtains the corresponding city's air quality data display graph according to the city name, start time and end time, and uses parallel coordinates to compare the hourly change trend of each pollutant within a week direction, and then through the way of calculating the average value, through the city's air quality data display module to display the relationship between various pollutants; The air quality data map display module of the city uses AQI coloring and PUL coloring standards to color the visual graphics, and uses the built-in GIS map data to display the corresponding city's air quality data information on the map through different coloring; The city's air quality data calendar display module, after obtaining the data, sets the corresponding color according to the AQI coloring standard, monitors the radio buttons below the calendar map with JS events, selects different monitoring items, and renders the values of the corresponding monitoring items to the calendar map middle. 2. air quality data visualization system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described city information data table comprises data item: number (primary key), city name, longitude and latitude, and described number (primary key) increases gradually 1 sorting; the site information data table includes data items: number (primary key), site name and city name, and the number (primary key) is sorted by 1, and the data is carried out by the city name and the city information data table connection. 3. The air quality data visualization system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 356 pieces of information are initialized in the city information data table, involving 356 city names and their corresponding longitude and latitude data. 4. The air quality data visualization system according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that: 1437 pieces of information are initialized in the station information data table, involving 1437 stations and their corresponding city names. 5. The air quality data visualization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the urban air quality data table includes data items: city name, AQI, PM2.5, PM25_24h, PM10, PM10_24h, SO ₂ , SO _{2_24h} , NO2, _{NO2_24h} , _CO , CO_24h, _O3 , _{O3_8h} and _{O3_24h} . 6. The air quality data visualization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: said site air quality data table includes data items: site name, AQI, PM2.5, PM25_24h, PM10, PM10_24h, SO ₂ , SO _{2_24h} , NO2, _{NO2_24h} , _CO , CO_24h, _O3 , _{O3_8h} and _{O3_24h} . 7. The air quality data visualization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the PUL coloring standard, light gray represents CO, light green represents O ₃ , dark blue represents NO ₂ , brown represents SO ₂ , black represents PM10, dark gray Represents PM2.5. 8. air quality data visualization system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the air quality data map display module of city, utilizes Baidu map interface to realize, transfers back-end API interface to obtain site and city air quality data, in In the program, the latitude and longitude of each monitoring point is obtained through the callback method, and each specific point is displayed on the web page.