CN107036802A - A kind of shock absorber overloading-vibrating environment pilot system and test method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of overload test technology, in particular to a shock absorber overload vibration composite environment test system and test method, wherein the test system includes a force measuring device, a low-stiffness force device, a shock absorber, a shock absorber counterweight, a shock absorber Vibrator fixture and vibration device, the shock absorber fixture is fixed on the vibration device, the shock absorber and the shock absorber counterweight are sequentially connected with the shock absorber fixture, and the low stiffness force The device acts on the counterweight of the shock absorber, and is used to apply the overload force required for the test to the counterweight of the shock absorber, and the stiffness of the low-stiffness force-applying device is lower than 25kg/m. The force device is used to detect the overload force of the low-stiffness force-applying device.

Description

A shock absorber overload vibration composite environment test system and test method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of overload tests, in particular to a shock absorber overload vibration composite environment test system and test method.

Background technique

When spacecraft such as rockets and missiles are in active ascent flight, reentry flight, orbit change flight and other operating states, the rocket body itself and the products carried are subject to overload and vibration at the same time. The complex environment of overload and vibration is ubiquitous in the operation phase of spacecraft such as rockets and missiles.

During the operation of the spacecraft, a complex vibration environment will be generated. In order to ensure the normal operation of the products in the spacecraft, shock absorbers are widely used in the spacecraft. The damping efficiency, damping and other parameters of the shock absorber are different in different vibration environments, so the shock absorber generally has its specific use environment. The performance of the shock absorber in the overload vibration compound environment is different from that in the separate vibration environment. A shock absorber that meets the requirements of a single vibration environment may fail to meet the design requirements for vibration reduction when operating in an overloaded composite environment, resulting in damage to the product, failure of the spacecraft, and huge losses to the country's economic property. Safety brings hidden dangers.

For the safety and reliability of the model launch, a complete ground environment test is required. At present, there are mainly three kinds of overload vibration composite environmental test methods commonly used:

The first method is to use a centrifuge to simulate the overload force, and use the centrifuge-vibration equipment to simulate the overload vibration compound environment. In 1970, the Sandia National Laboratory of the United States developed the "8.84m centrifugal-vibration equipment", and then the centrifugal-vibration equipment was gradually developed and used in the test. Using centrifugal-vibration equipment to carry out overload vibration combined environmental tests has complicated test process, long test period, high test cost, and the direction of centrifugal force can only be the same as the direction of vibration, which has great limitations.

The second method is to use electromagnetic force to simulate the overload force, that is, use permanent magnets as the counterweight of the shock absorber, use electromagnets to load the overload force, and then use a vibration table to conduct vibration tests. Since the electromagnetic force is also a uniform force, this method can simulate the overload force very well. The disadvantage is that the electromagnetic force is very sensitive to the distance, and the vibration displacement during the vibration test has a great influence on the overload force.

The third method is to use fixed frequency vibration to simulate overload force, that is, to superimpose a fixed frequency vibration in the original vibration environment conditions, and replace overload force with fixed frequency. The overload force of this method is not a constant force, and the selection of the fixed frequency point may have a great impact on the product. Whether the simulation of the overload vibration compound environment is reliable remains to be explored. It is similar to a centrifuge and can only simulate the same vibration direction as the overload direction. working conditions.

The first two methods are costly and complicated; the third method has great limitations. There is an urgent need for a simple shock absorber overload vibration composite environmental test method that can effectively, reliably and economically conduct shock absorber overload vibration composite environmental tests.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to solve the problem of complex structure of the existing shock absorber overload vibration test device.

(2) Technical solution

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a shock absorber overload vibration composite environmental test system, including a force measuring device, a low-stiffness force-applying device, a shock absorber, a shock absorber counterweight, a shock absorber fixture and a vibration device , the shock absorber fixture is fixed on the vibrating device, the shock absorber and the shock absorber counterweight are sequentially connected to the shock absorber fixture, and the low stiffness force-applying device acts on the shock absorber The vibrator counterweight is used to apply the overload force required for the test to the shock absorber counterweight, and the stiffness of the low-stiffness force-applying device is lower than 25kg/m, and the force-measuring device is used to detect the Describe the overload force of the low-stiffness afterburning device.

Wherein, the direction of the overload force applied by the low-stiffness force-applying device is the same as or perpendicular to the vibration direction of the vibrating table.

Wherein, the material of the low-stiffness force-applying device is an elastic material.

Wherein, the low-stiffness reinforcing device is a rubber cord.

Wherein, it also includes a fixing device and a supporting device, the supporting device is arranged along the length direction of the low-stiffness force-applying device, and the supporting device is connected between the fixing device and the force-measuring device.

Wherein, the measuring range of the force measuring device is 1.5 times to 2 times of the overload force.

Wherein, the length of the supporting device is adjustable.

Wherein, the load-bearing capacity of the support device is at least twice the overload force required for the test.

Wherein, the overload force applied by the force measuring device acts on the center of mass of the shock absorber counterweight.

The present invention also provides a composite environment test method for shock absorber overload vibration, including obtaining the range of the force measuring device and the state of the low-stiffness force-applying device according to the overload force required for the test;

Select the corresponding force measuring device and low stiffness force adding device according to the measuring range of the force measuring device and the state of the low stiffness force adding device;

Fix the shock absorber clamp on the shock absorber, install the shock absorber and the shock absorber counterweight in sequence, connect one end of the support device with the fixing device, connect the other end with the force measuring device, and connect the force measuring device On the low-stiffness booster device, the low-stiffness booster device acts on the center of mass of the shock absorber counterweight;

Adjust the length of the supporting device so that the reading displayed on the force measuring device is equal to the overload force required for the test;

According to the requirements of the vibration test task, the vibration environment is loaded;

After the test is over, close the vibration device and adjust the support device until the low-stiffness force-adding device is completely unloaded.

(3) Beneficial effects

The above-mentioned technical scheme of the present invention has the following advantages: a shock absorber overload composite environmental test system provided by the present invention includes a force measuring device, a shock absorber, a shock absorber counterweight, a shock absorber fixture and a vibration device, and the shock absorber The vibration fixture is fixed on the vibration device to provide the required vibration environment for the test. The vibration fixture is used to carry the shock absorber and the shock absorber counterweight. The overload force required for the test is applied to the balance weight of the device, and the stiffness of the low-stiffness force-applying device is lower than 25kg/m, so that the impact of vibration displacement on the overload force is small, and the accuracy of the test results is improved. The force measuring device It is used to detect the overload force of low-stiffness afterburning devices. The structure of the experimental system is simple, no need to use a centrifuge, the ordinary vibration device can be modified to carry out the shock absorber overload vibration composite environmental test, and the test cost is low.

In addition to the above-described technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical features of the formed technical solutions and the advantages brought by the technical features of these technical solutions, other technical features of the present invention and the advantages brought by these technical features, Further description will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a state diagram when the overload force and the vibration direction are the same in the test system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a state diagram when the overload force is perpendicular to the vibration direction in the test system provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1: supporting device; 2: force measuring device; 3: low stiffness force adding device; 4: shock absorber counterweight; 5: shock absorber; 6: shock absorber fixture; 7: vibration device; 8: Fixtures.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meanings of "multiple", "multiple roots" and "multiple groups" are two or more, "several", "several roots", "several "Group" means one or more than one.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a shock absorber 5 overload composite environmental test system provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a force measuring device 2, a shock absorber 5, a shock absorber counterweight 4, and a shock absorber 6 fixture And the vibration device 7, the shock absorber fixture is fixed on the vibration device 7, is used to provide the required vibration environment for the test, the vibration fixture is used to carry the shock absorber and the shock absorber counterweight, the shock absorber counterweight 4 and the vibration damping The load of the shock absorber 5 in the actual working condition is exactly the same, including the mass distribution, which realizes the real simulation of the force effect of the shock absorber 5. The low-stiffness force adding device 3 acts on the counterweight of the shock absorber, The overload force required for the test is applied on the weight, and the stiffness of the low-stiffness force-applying device 3 is lower than 25kg/m, so that the impact of the vibration displacement on the overload force is small, and the accuracy of the test result is improved. The force measuring device 2 It is used to detect the overload force of the low-stiffness force-applying device 3 . The structure of the experimental system is simple, no need to use a centrifuge, the ordinary vibration device 7 can be modified to carry out the overload vibration compound environment test of the shock absorber 5, and the test cost is relatively low.

Further, the direction of the overload force applied by the low-stiffness force applying device 3 is the same as or perpendicular to the vibration direction of the vibrating table. As shown in Figure 1, the direction of the overload force applied by the low-stiffness force adding device 3 is the same as the vibration direction of the vibrating table, that is, the vibrating table is fixed on the ground to provide vibration in the vertical direction, and the shock absorber fixture 6 is fixed on the vibrating table The top is used to carry the shock absorber 5, the shock absorber 5, the shock absorber counterweight 4 and the shock absorber clamp 6 are arranged in the horizontal direction, and the low-stiffness force-applying device 3 is located above the shock absorber counterweight 4, to the shock absorber The counterweight 4 applies a vertical overload force; as shown in Figure 2, the direction of the overload force applied by the low-stiffness force adding device 3 is perpendicular to the vibration direction of the vibrating table, that is, the vibrating table is fixed on the ground to provide a vertical direction vibration, the shock absorber fixture 6 is fixed on the vibrating table for carrying the shock absorber 5, the shock absorber 5, the shock absorber counterweight 4 and the shock absorber fixture 6 are arranged in the vertical direction, and the low stiffness force-applying device 3 is located above the shock absorber counterweight 4, and applies a vertical overload force to the shock absorber counterweight 4. Therefore, the experimental system can not only provide the working conditions in which the overload force and the vibration direction are the same, but also provide the working conditions in which the overload force and the vibration direction are different.

Further, the material of the low-stiffness biasing device 3 is an elastic material. In this embodiment, the low-stiffness force-applying device 3 uses a rubber rope, which has a simple structure and low stiffness, which meets the test requirements and further ensures that the influence of vibration displacement changes on the overload force during the vibration process can even be ignored, ensuring The overload vibration conforms to the environmental ground test, which is effective and reliable.

Further, it also includes a fixing device 8 and a supporting device 1 , the supporting device 1 is arranged along the length direction of the low-stiffness force-applying device 3 , and the supporting device 1 is connected between the fixing device 8 and the force-measuring device 2 . The fixing device 8 is mainly for fixing the supporting device 1. In this embodiment, the fixing device 8 can be a factory building, and one end of the supporting device 1 is connected with the roof of the factory building or connected with the side wall of the factory building, and the other end is connected with the force measuring device 2 connection, the length of the supporting device 1 is adjustable, and the length of the low-stiffness force-applying device 3 is adjusted by adjusting the length of the supporting device 1, so as to realize the effect of adjusting the overload force, so that the test system is easy to operate during the test. In addition, when When the support device 1 is connected to the roof, the direction of the overload force is the same as the vibration direction, and when the support device 1 is connected to the side wall, the direction of the overload force is perpendicular to the vibration direction.

Further, in order to improve the accuracy of the test, the range of the force-measuring device 2 is 1.5 times to 2 times of the overload force, so as to avoid the inaccurate measurement of the overload force due to the small range of the force-measuring device 2, resulting in inaccurate test results. exact question.

Further, the support device 1 is selected according to the overload force required for the test, and the load-bearing capacity of the support device 1 is required to be more than twice the overload force, which further increases the accuracy of the test.

Furthermore, the overload force applied by the force measuring device 2 acts on the center of mass of the shock absorber counterweight 4 to better simulate the working conditions of the shock absorber 5 in actual use and realize effective simulation.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a test method using the above-mentioned test system for the overload vibration compound environment of the shock absorber 5, including obtaining the range of the force measuring device 2 and the state of the low-stiffness force-applying device 3 according to the overload force required for the test;

Select the corresponding force measuring device 2 and low stiffness force applying device 3 according to the range of the force measuring device 2 and the state of the low stiffness force applying device 3, and the range of the force measuring device 2 is required to be between 1.5 times and 2 times of the overload force, The low-stiffness force-applying device 3 can realize the overload force required for applying the test to the shock absorber counterweight;

Fix the shock absorber clamp 6 on the shock absorber, install the shock absorber 5 and the shock absorber counterweight 4 in sequence, connect one end of the support device 1 to the fixing device 8, and connect the other end to the force measuring device 2, And the force-measuring device 2 is connected on the low-stiffness force-applying device 3, and the low-stiffness force-applying device 3 acts on the mass center of the shock absorber counterweight 4;

Adjust the length of the supporting device 1, and observe the readings of the force measuring device 2 at the same time, until the reading displayed on the force measuring device 2 is equal to the overload force required for the test, that is, the preparation before the test is completed;

During the test, first debug the vibration equipment, and then carry out the vibration environment loading according to the vibration test task requirements, and complete the overload vibration composite environment test;

After the end of the test, turn off the vibrating device 7, slowly adjust the length of the support device 1, until the low stiffness force adding device 3 is fully unloaded.

Finally, tidy up the test equipment and prepare for the next test.

In summary, the shock absorber overload composite environment test system and test method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can complete the suggestion and effective simulation of the overload force through the support device, the force measuring device, and the low-stiffness force-applying device, and carry out the vibration through the vibration device. The effective loading of the environment can effectively, reliably and economically complete the ground test of the overload vibration composite environment of the shock absorber product, and can simulate the working conditions in which the overload force is the same as the vibration direction or the working condition in which the overload force is perpendicular to the vibration direction, low The setting of the stiffness adding device ensures the influence of the vibration displacement on the overload force during the vibration process, and ensures the effectiveness and reliability of the vibration compound environment. The bearing capacity of the supporting device is sufficient and the length can be adjusted to ensure the safety and convenience of the test. Furthermore, the overload vibration compound environment ground test of the shock absorber product can be completed effectively, reliably and economically.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A shock absorber overload vibration composite environment test system, is characterized in that: comprise force-measuring device, low stiffness force-applying device, shock absorber, shock absorber counterweight, shock absorber fixture and vibration device, described shock absorber The shock absorber fixture is fixed on the vibrating device, the shock absorber and the shock absorber counterweight are sequentially connected to the shock absorber fixture, and the low-stiffness force-applying device acts on the shock absorber counterweight is used to apply the overload force required for the test to the shock absorber counterweight, and the stiffness of the low-stiffness force-applying device is lower than 25kg/m, and the force-measuring device is used to detect the low-stiffness force-applying device Overload force of force device. 2. The shock absorber overload vibration composite environmental test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the direction of the overload force applied by the low-stiffness forcing device is the same as or perpendicular to the vibration direction of the vibration table. 3. The shock absorber overload vibration composite environmental test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material of the low-stiffness force-applying device is an elastic material. 4. The shock absorber overload vibration composite environmental test system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the low-stiffness force-applying device is a rubber rope. 5. The shock absorber overload vibration composite environmental test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: it also includes a fixing device and a supporting device, and the supporting device is arranged along the length direction of the low-stiffness force-applying device, and the The supporting device is connected between the fixing device and the force measuring device. 6. The shock absorber overload vibration composite environmental test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the measuring range of the force measuring device is 1.5 times to 2 times of the overload force. 7. The shock absorber overload vibration composite environmental test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the support device is adjustable. 8. The shock absorber overload vibration composite environment test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the load-bearing capacity of the support device is at least twice the overload force required for the test. 9. The shock absorber overload vibration composite environmental test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the overload force applied by the force measuring device acts on the center of mass of the shock absorber counterweight. 10. A shock absorber overload vibration compound environment test method, characterized in that: comprising obtaining the range of the force measuring device and the state of the low-stiffness force-applying device according to the required overload force of the test; Select the corresponding force measuring device and low stiffness force adding device according to the measuring range of the force measuring device and the state of the low stiffness force adding device; Fix the shock absorber clamp on the shock absorber, install the shock absorber and the shock absorber counterweight in sequence, connect one end of the support device with the fixing device, connect the other end with the force measuring device, and connect the force measuring device On the low-stiffness booster device, the low-stiffness booster device acts on the center of mass of the shock absorber counterweight; Adjust the length of the supporting device so that the reading displayed on the force measuring device is equal to the overload force required for the test; According to the requirements of the vibration test task, the vibration environment is loaded; After the test is over, close the vibration device and adjust the support device until the low-stiffness force-adding device is completely unloaded.