CN107013903A - Vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler - Google Patents
Vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107013903A CN107013903A CN201710425488.6A CN201710425488A CN107013903A CN 107013903 A CN107013903 A CN 107013903A CN 201710425488 A CN201710425488 A CN 201710425488A CN 107013903 A CN107013903 A CN 107013903A
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- Prior art keywords
- burner hearth
- air
- coal
- burner
- secondary air
- Prior art date
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Links
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004894 snout Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/002—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus for pulverulent solid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/20—Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, including：Burner hearth, the burner hearth includes the side wall positioned at its surrounding, and the burner hearth bottom below the wall of side surrounds the burner hearth cavity formed by side wall and burner hearth bottom, and wherein side wall includes accounting for 20% to 40% lower sidewall of its total height；At least one coal burner, it includes main body and the burner outlet pipe extended from main body, main body is arranged on burner hearth sidewall bottom, burner outlet pipe from burner hearth sidewall lower outside extend into burner hearth cavity in and mixture suitable for being passed through First air and from coal dust to burner hearth cavity；And Secondary Air air-distribution device, the Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged in burner hearth bottom and suitable for being passed through Secondary Air into burner hearth cavity.Secondary Air air-distribution device includes setting multiple exhaust vents on the multiple Secondary Air wind-distributing pipes for being distributed in burner hearth bottom, the tube wall of airduct.The mixture of First air and coal dust is with secondary air flow mixing to form the wind powder mixture integrally flowed up in laminar flow in burner hearth cavity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of boilers, more particularly to a kind of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler.
Background technology
Structure of the China using coal as main physical efficiency source is difficult to change within the following some time, the coal that China uses every year
Amount reaches 1,500,000,000 tons, wherein 800,000,000 tons of coals are used for coal-fired thermal power generation, 700,000,000 tons of coals are used for coal-burned industrial boiler.With fire coal
The raising of emission standard of air pollutants for boilers, the high performance clean burning technology of coal is the inevitable requirement of future development.
In addition, in traditional combustion mode, First air, secondary air jet speed and furnace profile average speed difference in burner hearth
It is larger, there is larger recirculating zone in burner hearth, recirculating zone can roll up the control of suction high-temperature flue gas, preheating coal dust, but recirculating zone more
Pulverized coal particle easily occurs in complexity, recirculating zone to reunite, if fluid field in furnace tissue is not good, Boiler Furnace slagging tendency is big, influences pot
The safety and steady operation of stove.
Tangential firing of traditional combustion system including the use of DC burner and the swirl flow combustion using turbulent burner.
In traditional combustion system, First air carries coal dust and sprays into burner hearth with 20-30m/s speed, and Secondary Air surrounds First air with 30-
40m/s speed sprays into burner hearth, forms the combustion system of bellows chamber powder.Coal dust is in specific region concentrated combustion, and partial combustion temperature is high,
Cause the NOx raw emissions value of coal dust firing high.For using anthracitic pulverized-coal fired boiler, NOx raw emissions values exceed
800mg/m3；Boiler for using bituminous coal, NOx raw emissions values are generally more than 400mg/m3, the two substantially exceeds related row
Put standard.
In addition, in traditional combustion mode, the air-flow inside burner hearth on First air, secondary air jet speed and burner hearth cross section
Average speed differs greatly, and there is larger recirculating zone inside burner hearth, and recirculating zone can roll up suction high-temperature flue gas, preheats coal dust, but return
The control for flowing area is complex, and pulverized coal particle easily occurs in recirculating zone and reunites, if fluid field in furnace tissue is not good, Boiler Furnace slagging
Tendency is big, the safety and steady operation of influence boiler.
In addition, in the tangential firing mode or swirl flow combustion mode of coal dust, because of coal dust concentrated combustion and release heat, coal
Powder ignition temperature has exceeded ash fusion point, and coal dust firing also easily forms slagging, and part slag is bonded on furnace wall cooling, influences boiler
Heat transfer property., it is necessary to which part slag is discharged from burner hearth bottom during the work of boiler, therefore reduce boiler efficiency.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome at least one aspect of above-mentioned prior art defect, the present invention proposes a kind of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, should
Vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler can realize uniform and efficient burning, the low-nitrogen oxide discharging of coal dust, and avoid pulverized coal particle and exist
Gathered in burner hearth cavity.
According to an aspect of the present invention there is provided a kind of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, it includes：
Burner hearth, the burner hearth includes the side wall positioned at its surrounding, the burner hearth bottom below the wall of side, by side wall and burner hearth
Bottom surrounds the burner hearth cavity to be formed, wherein the side wall includes accounting for 20% to 40% lower sidewall of its total height；
At least one coal burner, the coal burner includes main body and the burner outlet pipe extended from main body,
The main body is arranged on burner hearth sidewall bottom, and the burner outlet pipe is extended into burner hearth from burner hearth sidewall lower outside
In chamber and suitable for being passed through the mixture of First air and coal dust into burner hearth cavity；And
Secondary Air air-distribution device, the Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged in burner hearth bottom and suitable for leading into burner hearth cavity
Enter Secondary Air,
Wherein, the Secondary Air air-distribution device includes the multiple Secondary Air wind-distributing pipes for being distributed in burner hearth bottom, each secondary
Multiple exhaust vents are set on the tube wall of wind wind-distributing pipe；And
Wherein, the mixture of First air and coal dust and secondary air flow mixing with formed in burner hearth cavity in laminar flow it is overall to
The wind powder mixture of upper flowing.
According to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, blast cap is provided with the exhaust vent of the Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the burner hearth sidewall bottom is that cross section gradually becomes from bottom to top
Big reverse taper portion.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the burner hearth includes four side walls, wherein relative two panels side
Wall slopes inwardly in its underpart, and relative other two panels side wall in the vertical direction keeps vertical.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, burner hearth includes four side walls, and the middle part of side wall and bottom are kept
Vertically, and the middle part of the burner hearth sidewall and cross section of bottom is generally rectangular shaped and area keeps constant, the middle part and bottom
Height accounts for the 20% to 40% of side wall total height respectively.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the coal burner is arranged on the intilted two panels in bottom
On the bottom of side wall and/or on the bottom of the vertical two panels side wall of holding.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, at least one described coal burner includes two groups or four groups of combustions
Burner, in the case of including two groups of coal burners, two groups of burners are arranged on relative two panels side wall,
In the case of including four groups of coal burners, four groups of burners are arranged in four corner portions of burner hearth cross section, often
Group coal burner includes the coal burner of the identical quantity more than or equal to 1.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler also includes：At least one layer of tertiary air
Spout, it is suitable to be passed through tertiary air into burner hearth and be hierarchically arranged on the side wall of burner hearth, at least one layer of tertiary air spray
One layer of notch setting in mouthful is on burner hearth sidewall bottom.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged at burner hearth bottom to be distributed
On the whole cross section of burner hearth bottom.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the centre-to-centre spacing between blast cap on the Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe with
And the spacing between airduct is not more than 300mm.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the multiple Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe crosses close in parallel with each other
The side wall of burner hearth bottom makes its two ends be respectively positioned on outside burner hearth, and one end and the total pipe fluid of Secondary Air of the Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe connect
Logical, the other end is provided with dismountable plug.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the eject momentum of the Secondary Air be less than or equal to it is described once
The eject momentum of the mixture of wind and coal dust.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the eject momentum of the Secondary Air is located at the First air and coal
Between the 70% to 90% of the eject momentum of the mixture of powder.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the coal burner is pulverized coal preheating burner with will once
The mixture of wind and coal dust is preheating to 850 DEG C or more.
There is provided a kind of coal dust combustion method for vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, the coal dust according to another aspect of the present invention
Boiler includes：Burner hearth, the burner hearth includes burner hearth, and the burner hearth includes the side wall positioned at its surrounding, the stove below the wall of side
Thorax bottom, the burner hearth cavity formed is surrounded by side wall and burner hearth bottom, wherein the side wall include accounting for the 20% of its total height to
40% lower sidewall；At least one coal burner, the coal burner includes main body and the burner extended from main body
Outlet, the main body is arranged on burner hearth sidewall bottom, and the burner outlet pipe is extended into from burner hearth sidewall lower outside
Mixture into burner hearth cavity and suitable for being passed through First air and from coal dust to burner hearth cavity；And Secondary Air air-distribution device, institute
Secondary Air air-distribution device is stated to be arranged in burner hearth bottom and suitable for being passed through Secondary Air into burner hearth cavity, wherein, the Secondary Air
Air-distribution device includes setting multiple on the multiple Secondary Air wind-distributing pipes for being distributed in burner hearth bottom, the tube wall of each Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe
Exhaust vent, methods described includes：
The mixed of First air and coal dust is passed through into burner hearth cavity from burner hearth sidewall bottom by least one coal burner
Compound,
Secondary Air is passed through into burner hearth cavity from burner hearth bottom by Secondary Air air-distribution device so that First air and coal dust
Mixture blends to form the wind powder mixture integrally flowed up in laminar flow with burner hearth with Secondary Air in burner hearth cavity
Samming burns in inner chamber.
According to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the mixture of the First air and coal dust passes through coal burner quilt
It is preheating to 850 DEG C or more.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the eject momentum of the Secondary Air is located at the First air and coal
Between the 70% to 90% of the eject momentum of the mixture of powder.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the Secondary Air is the gaseous mixture of air or air and flue gas.
In in each embodiment of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to embodiments of the present invention, using being arranged at burner hearth bottom
Secondary Air is provided on wind-distributing pipe on whole cross section, air feed is uniform, almost occur without volume and inhale, flow back, on burner hearth cross section
Speed difference very little everywhere, thus formed disperse wind powder mixture integrally flow up, so as to change conventional bellows chamber powder
Combustion system.Therefore, the present invention realizes wind powder mixture overall horizontal sliding upwards in full furnace cavity and flowed, and does not go out in burner hearth
Existing recirculating zone, it is to avoid pulverized coal particle is gathered in burner hearth, conglomeration, improves system run all right.
Brief description of the drawings
By being considered in conjunction with the accompanying the described in detail below of various embodiments of the present invention, the present invention can be understood completely,
Wherein：
Fig. 1 is a kind of burner hearth schematic diagram of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler of one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the attached view of the burner hearth bottom of Fig. 1 vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler.
Fig. 3 is the top view of the burner hearth bottom of the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler of the another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the wind-distributing pipe according to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in further detail.In explanation
In book, same or analogous drawing reference numeral indicates same or analogous part.It is following referring to the drawings to embodiment of the present invention
Illustrate to be intended to explain the present general inventive concept of the present invention, and be not construed as a kind of limitation to the present invention.
In addition, in the following detailed description, for ease of explaining, elaborating many concrete details to provide to draping over one's shoulders herein
The comprehensive understanding of the embodiment of dew.It should be apparent, however, that one or more embodiments are in the case of these no details
It can be carried out.In other cases, known construction and device diagrammatically embodies to simplify accompanying drawing.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, and the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler includes：
Burner hearth 1, the burner hearth includes the side wall 11 positioned at its surrounding, the burner hearth bottom 12 below the wall of side, by side wall and burner hearth bottom
Portion surrounds the burner hearth cavity 13 to be formed, wherein the side wall includes accounting for 20% to 40% lower sidewall 111 of its total height；Extremely
A few coal burner 5, the coal burner includes main body 52 and the burner outlet pipe 51 extended from main body 52, described
Main body 52 is arranged on burner hearth sidewall bottom 111, and the burner outlet pipe 51 is extended into from the outside of burner hearth sidewall bottom 111
In burner hearth cavity 13 and suitable for being passed through the mixture of First air and coal dust into burner hearth cavity 13；And Secondary Air air-distribution device,
The Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged in burner hearth bottom and suitable for being passed through Secondary Air into burner hearth cavity, wherein, it is described secondary
Wind air-distribution device includes setting on the multiple Secondary Air wind-distributing pipes 2 for being distributed in burner hearth bottom, the tube wall of each Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe
Multiple exhaust vents 21.In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wind-distributing pipe 2 has substantially taken up burner hearth bottom substantially
Whole cross section.Due to from supplying secondary air on the substantially whole cross section of burner hearth bottom, therefore on the cross section of burner hearth
Speed difference very little everywhere, therefore First air and coal dust intermixture and Secondary Air formation disperse wind powder mixture without
There is the phenomenon that volume is inhaled and flowed back, therefore wind powder mixture is flowed up in laminar flow, so as to change conventional bellows chamber powder combustion
Burning mode.
According in one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe 2 include one group of secondary air channel 2 and with it is many
The blast main 20 that individual secondary air channel is in fluid communication, secondary air channel 20 can be parallel to each other, and can in the exhaust vent 21 of secondary air channel 2
300mm, the Secondary Air are not more than with the spacing between the centre-to-centre spacing and airduct that are provided between blast cap (not shown), blast cap
Air-distribution device is arranged at burner hearth bottom to be distributed on the whole cross section of burner hearth bottom, thus Secondary Air from burner hearth bottom almost
Uniformly burner hearth cavity is fed on whole cross section.In one example, the multiple Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe 2 is crossed in parallel with each other
Side wall 11 close to burner hearth bottom makes its two ends be respectively positioned on outside burner hearth, one end and the Secondary Air house steward of the Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe
20 are in fluid communication, and the other end is provided with dismountable plug 22.
Because multiple Secondary Air wind-distributing pipes 2 and exhaust vent 21 thereon are spread on the whole cross section of burner hearth bottom,
In one example, the quantity of the exhaust vent 21 can reach hundreds of, therefore no matter set one or several preheated burning devices
5, there are multiple exhaust vents 21 near the outlet of the burner, and not exclusively traditional DC burner or swirl flow combustion
Device like that, only arranges that the suitable Secondary Air of quantity leads in the First air channel circumference for the burner being arranged on burner hearth sidewall
Road.In traditional burner, it usually needs secondary air channel is closely arranged at into First air channel circumference, because only that this
The wind that sample is blown out from secondary air channel can tightly surround the mixture of First air and coal dust, and coal dust is not allowed
Easily diffusion, so as to advantageously cause coal powder ignition in regional area in the high temperature by means of boiler internal.However, in root
According in embodiments of the invention, in the region of the vicinity of a burner outlet pipe, quantity is set to be far longer than burner outlet
Several exhaust vents 21 of the quantity of pipe 51, enable to Secondary Air more uniformly to spray and be easier and one in burner hearth bottom
The mixture of secondary wind and coal dust is uniformly mixed, rather than tightly surrounds the mixture of First air and coal dust.It is pointed out that
Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe 2 and exhaust vent 21 thereon and the quantity of burner 5 can be transversal with burner hearth bottom according to actual needs
The area in face and change, may not be what is be parallel to each other between Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe 2, such as star arrangement.
According in one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 1, the side wall 11 of the burner hearth 1 includes height
For the 20%-40% of side wall total height lower sidewall 111, the lower sidewall 111 is that cross section becomes larger from bottom to top
Reverse taper portion.Specifically, in one example, as shown in Fig. 2 the side wall include four sides wall SF1, SF2, SF3 and
SF4, wherein relative two panels side wall SF1 and SF3 slopes inwardly with back taper, relative other two panels side wall in its underpart
SF2 and SF4 in the vertical directions keep vertical.The coal burner 5 be arranged on the intilted two panels side wall SF1 in bottom and
On SF3 bottom and/or on holding vertical two panels side wall SF2 and SF4 bottom, the burning on each side wall is provided with
The quantity of device can be one or more.
In in accordance with an alternative illustrative embodiment of the present invention, the area of section of burner hearth can keep constant.Show at one
In example, as shown in figure 4, burner hearth includes four side wall SF1 ', SF2 ', SF3 ' and SF4 ', the middle part of side wall and bottom keep vertical,
And its cross section is generally rectangular shaped and area keeps constant, wherein middle part and bottom account for respectively the 20% of burner hearth sidewall total height to
40%.It should be understood that embodiment as shown in Figure 4 illustrate only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is of the invention
Burner hearth cross section is not limited to cross section as shown in Figure 4, and burner hearth cross section can be circular, rectangle and other polygons
Deng.In the case of including two groups of coal burners, two groups of burners are arranged on relative two panels side wall, for example
On SFl ' and SF3 ' or on SF2 ' and SF4 '.In the case of including four groups of coal burners, four groups of burners difference
Four corner portions of burner hearth cross section are arranged in, every group of coal burner includes the coal dust combustion of the identical quantity more than or equal to 1
Burner, as shown in Figure 4.
According in one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the vertical pulverized coal boiler also includes at least one layer of tertiary air
Spout 6, it is suitable to be passed through tertiary air into burner hearth and be hierarchically arranged on the side wall 11 of burner hearth, at least one layer of tertiary air
One layer of notch setting in spout 6 is on the bottom 111 of burner hearth sidewall 11, by maintaining coal to the tertiary air fed inside burner hearth
The burning of powder and holding section of burner hearth speed are not less than 2.0m/s.In an embodiment as illustrated in figure 2, described at least one layer of three times
One layer of spout 6 in wind snout is arranged on the intilted side wall SF1 and SF3 in bottom.
According in one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the eject momentum of Secondary Air is less than or equal to the First air
With the eject momentum of the mixture of coal dust.Further, the eject momentum of the Secondary Air is the mixed of the First air and coal dust
The 70% to 90% of the eject momentum of compound.By causing the eject momentum of Secondary Air to be slightly less than the mixture of First air and coal dust
Eject momentum advantageously in the mixing of Secondary Air and First air and the mixture of coal dust so that advantageously in burning, and
It is not so that Secondary Air reaches the top of burner hearth earlier than the mixture of First air and coal dust.The mixture of First air and coal dust and
Secondary Air from the lower space of burner hearth cavity during flowing up, the reaction of generating unit divided combustion, coal dust firing release
Water-cooling wall of the heat transfer to burner hearth bottom surrounding, with the increase and the expansion of furnace cross-sectional area of furnace height, by stove
The tertiary air fed in thorax maintains the burning of coal dust and keeps section of burner hearth speed to be not less than 2.0m/s.
According to one embodiment of present invention, coal burner uses recirculating fluidized bed preheated burning device, by once
The coal dust that wind is carried can be preheating to 800~850 DEG C of even more high temperature in recirculating fluidized bed preheated burning device, and coal dust is in burning
Completes to catch fire in device device, the coal dust of preheating, which is passed through after burner hearth, to be blended rapidly with Secondary Air, stablizes burning.Now pass through coal dust
Burner is passed through the First air and coal dust of burner hearth exactly, be after the burning of coal dust part the high temperature dusty fuel that is formed with containing
The high-temperature gas of a large amount of combustible components.But it will be understood to those skilled in the art that catching fire as coal dust, pre- except using
Heat combustor etc. makes coal dust reach the method for ignition temperature when entering burner hearth, can be lighted a fire with using plasma or right
Coal dust carries out other processing and is allowed to ignition point reduction etc. method.
When boiler operatiopn, First air and coal dust are passed through from lower sidewall 111 to burner hearth cavity 13 by coal burner 5
Mixture, Secondary Air is passed through into burner hearth from burner hearth bottom by Secondary Air air outlet 21, by tertiary air spout to burner hearth
Inside it is passed through tertiary air.Because Secondary Air is uniformly supplied to burner hearth cavity, coordinate rational primary and secondary air eject momentum, in stove
Thorax bottom is wind-distributing pipe more than 3, and the mixture of First air and coal dust is strong, uniform with secondary air flow mixing, almost occur without volume inhale,
Backflow, the speed difference very little on burner hearth cross section everywhere, therefore form the wind powder mixture of disperse and integrally flow up, i.e. wind powder
Mixture is flowed up in laminar flow, so as to change conventional bellows chamber powder combustion system.Wind powder mixture is full of burner hearth cavity,
The combustion system of coal dust is whole audience space combustion in stove, is controlled with reference to the air distribution of tertiary air, coal is realized in burner hearth whole audience space
Fractional combustion and the samming control of powder.
The tertiary air point multilayer of coal dust firing is added along furnace height, is reducing atmosphere below tertiary air top layer spout,
The multidirectional nitrogen of fuel bound nitrogen discharged in coal dust firing is converted.Because concentrated combustion area, coal dust firing are not present in coal dust firing
Highest temperature level it is low, do not generate thermal NO x in coal dust firing substantially.Therefore, NOx raw emissions level is significantly less than often
Advise pulverized coal combustion.
Further, since control section of burner hearth speed not too low in addition in the overall laminar flow flowed up in burner hearth, will not
Generation coal dust " dry linting ", in addition samming control falls into air compartment, therefore can not set wind without having to worry about the heavy powder of burner hearth bottom and deslagging
Cap, Secondary Air is directly provided by the aperture on wind-distributing pipe, and the now substantially uniform setting of the aperture on wind-distributing pipe, spacing are no more than
300mm。
In addition, present invention also offers a kind of coal dust combustion method, the coal dust combustion method is using as described above vertical
Coal burner, the pulverized-coal fired boiler includes：Burner hearth, the burner hearth includes burner hearth, and the burner hearth is included positioned at the side of its surrounding
Wall, the burner hearth bottom below the wall of side surrounds the burner hearth cavity formed by side wall and burner hearth bottom, wherein the side wall includes
Account for 20% to 40% lower sidewall of its total height；At least one coal burner, the coal burner include main body and
The burner outlet pipe extended from main body, the main body is arranged on burner hearth sidewall bottom, and the burner outlet pipe is from burner hearth side
Wall lower outside extends into burner hearth cavity and is suitable to the mixture that First air and coal dust are passed through into burner hearth cavity；And
Secondary Air air-distribution device, the Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged in burner hearth bottom and secondary suitable for being passed through into burner hearth cavity
Wind, wherein, the Secondary Air air-distribution device includes the multiple Secondary Air wind-distributing pipes for being distributed in burner hearth bottom, each Secondary Air cloth wind
Multiple exhaust vents are set on the tube wall of pipe, and methods described includes：By at least one coal burner from burner hearth sidewall bottom to
The mixture of First air and coal dust is passed through in burner hearth cavity, by Secondary Air air-distribution device from burner hearth bottom into burner hearth cavity lead to
Enter Secondary Air so that the mixture of First air and coal dust blended with Secondary Air in burner hearth cavity with formed in laminar flow it is overall to
The wind powder mixture of upper flowing with burner hearth cavity samming burn
On the basis of pulverized-coal fired boiler vertical according to an embodiment of the invention, test of many times is carried out and has come exemplarily more
Illustrate the technique effect of the boiler according to the present invention well, specific experiment is as follows：
Experiment 1
On the basis of the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler of the embodiment of the present invention, fuel is pulverized bituminous coal, coal powder size 200um with
Under, Secondary Air is preheated air and the gaseous mixture of flue gas recirculation, and oxygen content is 15%, and temperature is 150 DEG C；Tertiary air is preheating
Air, air themperature is 150 DEG C；The efficiency of combustion for measuring pulverized bituminous coal is that 99.2%, NOx raw emissions value is 120mg/Nm3,
NOx raw emissions values are significantly reduced, the efficient low nitrogen burning of bituminous coal is realized.
Experiment 2
On the basis of the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler of the embodiment of the present invention, fuel is volatile matter very low semi--coke powder, is used
Circulating fluid bed type preheated burning device, will spray into burner hearth by the coke powder and First air mixture that are preheated to 850 DEG C；Secondary air temperature
Spend for 200 DEG C；Coke powder air-flow superficial velocity is 3.0m/s inside burner hearth, and combustion temperature in hearth is 1100 DEG C；Along furnace height
Direction, arranges two layers of tertiary air.Result of the test shows that the efficiency of combustion of semicoke is for 96.5%, NOx raw emissions levels
50mg/Nm3, significantly reduces NOx raw emissions values, realizes the efficient low nitrogen burning of the fire retardant fuel of low volatile.
Therefore, in vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to embodiments of the present invention, using being arranged at the whole transversal of burner hearth bottom
Secondary Air is provided on wind-distributing pipe on face, air feed is uniform, almost occur without volume and inhale, flow back, the speed on burner hearth cross section everywhere
Poor very little is spent, therefore forms the wind powder mixture of disperse and is integrally flowed up, so as to change conventional bellows chamber powder combustion system.
Therefore, the present invention realizes wind powder mixture and occurs without recirculating zone in overall horizontal sliding flowing upwards, burner hearth in full furnace cavity,
Avoid pulverized coal particle gathered in burner hearth, conglomeration, improve system run all right.
Further, because the present invention breaches the bellows chamber powder mode of normal burner so that coal dust is empty in whole burner hearth
Interior burning uniformity of temperature profile, has stabilized the maximum temperature of coal dust firing, so can realize that samming burns, so as to change
Become the concentrated combustion of conventional combustion manner and concentrate the present situation of heat release, make to concentrate high-temperature region in the stove in conventional pulverized-coal combustion system
Disappear, thermal NO x is not produced.
Further, because realizing samming burning in burner hearth cavity, the samming burning of coal dust makes the highest temperature in stove
Degree is less than ash fusion point, it is to avoid slagging, and the flying dust that coal dust firing is produced is fully entered in afterbody, therefore boiler operatiopn not with flue gas
Deslagging is needed, boiler thermal output is high, system manipulation is simple.
Further, coal dust samming burning also makes fire box temperature be evenly distributed, the more conventional burning side of mean temperature in stove
Formula mean temperature is high, radiant heat transfer ability enhancing in stove, can reduce boiler volume, save boiler cost.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
Understanding these embodiments can be changed without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of the present invention by
Appended claims and its equivalent are limited.
Claims (18)
1. a kind of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, including：
Burner hearth, the burner hearth includes the side wall positioned at its surrounding, the burner hearth bottom below the wall of side, by side wall and burner hearth bottom
The burner hearth cavity formed is surrounded, wherein the side wall includes accounting for 20% to 40% lower sidewall of its total height；
At least one coal burner, the coal burner includes main body and the burner outlet pipe extended from main body, described
Main body is arranged on burner hearth sidewall bottom, and the burner outlet pipe is from burner hearth sidewall lower outside extends into burner hearth cavity
And suitable for being passed through the mixture of First air and coal dust into burner hearth cavity；And
Secondary Air air-distribution device, the Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged in burner hearth bottom and suitable for being passed through two into burner hearth cavity
Secondary wind,
Wherein, the Secondary Air air-distribution device includes the multiple Secondary Air wind-distributing pipes for being distributed in burner hearth bottom, each Secondary Air cloth
Multiple exhaust vents are set on the tube wall of airduct；And
Wherein, the mixture of First air and coal dust is overall to upstream in laminar flow to be formed in burner hearth cavity with secondary air flow mixing
Dynamic wind powder mixture.
2. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein, it is provided with wind in the exhaust vent of the Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe
Cap.
3. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein, the burner hearth sidewall bottom be cross section from bottom to top by
The big reverse taper portion of gradual change.
4. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 3, wherein, the burner hearth includes four side walls, wherein relative two
Piece side wall slopes inwardly in its underpart, and relative other two panels side wall in the vertical direction keeps vertical.
5. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein, burner hearth includes four side walls, the middle part and bottom of side wall
It is vertical to keep, and the middle part of the burner hearth sidewall and cross section of bottom is generally rectangular shaped and area keeps constant, the middle part and under
The height in portion accounts for the 20% to 40% of side wall total height respectively.
6. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 4, wherein, it is intilted that the coal burner is arranged on bottom
On the bottom of two panels side wall and/or on the bottom of the vertical two panels side wall of holding.
7. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 5, wherein, at least one described coal burner includes two groups or four
Group burner, in the case of including two groups of coal burners, two groups of burners are arranged in relative two panels side wall
On, in the case of including four groups of coal burners, four groups of burners are arranged in four corners of burner hearth cross section
Place, every group of coal burner includes the coal burner of the identical quantity more than or equal to 1.
8. the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 3 or 5, in addition to：At least one layer of tertiary air spout, it is suitable to stove
Tertiary air is passed through in thorax and is hierarchically arranged on the side wall of burner hearth, one layer of spout at least one layer of tertiary air spout is set
Put on burner hearth sidewall bottom.
9. the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 3 or 5, wherein, the Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged at burner hearth bottom
Portion is to be distributed on the whole cross section of burner hearth bottom.
10. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 2, wherein, between the blast cap on the Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe in
The heart away from and airduct between spacing be not more than 300mm.
11. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein, the multiple Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe is horizontal in parallel with each other
The side wall worn close to burner hearth bottom makes its two ends be respectively positioned on outside burner hearth, one end and the Secondary Air house steward of the Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe
It is in fluid communication, the other end is provided with dismountable plug.
12. the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to any one of claim 1-11, wherein, the eject momentum of the Secondary Air is small
In or equal to the First air and coal dust mixture eject momentum.
13. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 12, wherein, the eject momentum of the Secondary Air be located at it is described once
Between the 70% to 90% of the eject momentum of the mixture of wind and coal dust.
14. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein, the coal burner be pulverized coal preheating burner with
The mixture of First air and coal dust is preheating to 850 DEG C or more.
15. a kind of coal dust combustion method for vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, the pulverized-coal fired boiler includes：Burner hearth, the burner hearth includes
Burner hearth, the burner hearth includes the side wall positioned at its surrounding, and the burner hearth bottom below the wall of side is surrounded by side wall and burner hearth bottom
The burner hearth cavity of formation, wherein the side wall includes accounting for 20% to 40% lower sidewall of its total height；At least one coal dust
Burner, the coal burner includes main body and the burner outlet pipe extended from main body, and the main body is arranged on burner hearth side
Wall bottom, the burner outlet pipe from burner hearth sidewall lower outside extend into burner hearth cavity in and suitable for burner hearth cavity
In be passed through the mixture of First air and coal dust；And Secondary Air air-distribution device, the Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged at burner hearth bottom
In portion and suitable for being passed through Secondary Air into burner hearth cavity, wherein, the Secondary Air air-distribution device includes being distributed in burner hearth bottom
Multiple exhaust vents are set on multiple Secondary Air wind-distributing pipes, the tube wall of each Secondary Air wind-distributing pipe, methods described includes：
It is passed through the mixture of First air and coal dust into burner hearth cavity from burner hearth sidewall bottom by least one coal burner,
Secondary Air is passed through into burner hearth cavity from burner hearth bottom by Secondary Air air-distribution device so that the mixing of First air and coal dust
Thing blends to form the wind powder mixture integrally flowed up in laminar flow with burner hearth cavity with Secondary Air in burner hearth cavity
Middle samming burning.
16. method according to claim 15, wherein,
The mixture of the First air and coal dust is preheated to 850 DEG C or more by coal burner.
17. method according to claim 16, wherein,
The eject momentum of the Secondary Air be located at the eject momentum of the mixture of the First air and coal dust 70% to 90% it
Between.
18. coal dust combustion method according to claim 16, wherein,
The Secondary Air is the gaseous mixture of air or air and flue gas.
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| CN1082164A (en) * | 1993-06-30 | 1994-02-16 | 清华大学 | Burner for heating powdered coal on fluidized bed by precombustion |
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