CN107006531A - Environment-friendly pesticide and application thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly pesticide and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107006531A CN107006531A CN201710147360.8A CN201710147360A CN107006531A CN 107006531 A CN107006531 A CN 107006531A CN 201710147360 A CN201710147360 A CN 201710147360A CN 107006531 A CN107006531 A CN 107006531A
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- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000005941 Thiamethoxam Substances 0.000 abstract description 62
- NWWZPOKUUAIXIW-FLIBITNWSA-N thiamethoxam Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C/1N(C)COCN\1CC1=CN=C(Cl)S1 NWWZPOKUUAIXIW-FLIBITNWSA-N 0.000 abstract description 62
- OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl salicylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 47
- 239000009637 wintergreen oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 239000002018 neem oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000004495 emulsifiable concentrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000007297 Gaultheria procumbens Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 241000736246 Pyrola Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241000258937 Hemiptera Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241001414989 Thysanoptera Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000238876 Acari Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005878 Azadirachtin Substances 0.000 description 23
- VEHPJKVTJQSSKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N azadirachtin Natural products O1C2(C)C(C3(C=COC3O3)O)CC3C21C1(C)C(O)C(OCC2(OC(C)=O)C(CC3OC(=O)C(C)=CC)OC(C)=O)C2C32COC(C(=O)OC)(O)C12 VEHPJKVTJQSSKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- FTNJWQUOZFUQQJ-IRYYUVNJSA-N azadirachtin A Natural products C([C@@H]([C@]1(C=CO[C@H]1O1)O)[C@]2(C)O3)[C@H]1[C@]23[C@]1(C)[C@H](O)[C@H](OC[C@@]2([C@@H](C[C@@H]3OC(=O)C(\C)=C/C)OC(C)=O)C(=O)OC)[C@@H]2[C@]32CO[C@@](C(=O)OC)(O)[C@@H]12 FTNJWQUOZFUQQJ-IRYYUVNJSA-N 0.000 description 23
- FTNJWQUOZFUQQJ-NDAWSKJSSA-N azadirachtin A Chemical compound C([C@@H]([C@]1(C=CO[C@H]1O1)O)[C@]2(C)O3)[C@H]1[C@]23[C@]1(C)[C@H](O)[C@H](OC[C@@]2([C@@H](C[C@@H]3OC(=O)C(\C)=C\C)OC(C)=O)C(=O)OC)[C@@H]2[C@]32CO[C@@](C(=O)OC)(O)[C@@H]12 FTNJWQUOZFUQQJ-NDAWSKJSSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- PRWJPWSKLXYEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4,4-bis(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)butan-2-yl]-2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol Chemical compound C=1C(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C(C)C=1C(C)CC(C=1C(=CC(O)=C(C=1)C(C)(C)C)C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C1C PRWJPWSKLXYEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OOCMUZJPDXYRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O OOCMUZJPDXYRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 241001454295 Tetranychidae Species 0.000 description 4
- 240000005343 Azadirachta indica Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013500 Melia azadirachta Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001846 repelling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000209035 Ilex Species 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- JBPBZQRUTGSRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzyl-4-(4-benzylphenyl)benzene Chemical group C=1C=C(C=2C=CC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)C=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 JBPBZQRUTGSRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003325 Ilex Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005906 Imidacloprid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000488583 Panonychus ulmi Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000674 Phytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidacloprid Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C1/NCCN1CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940056881 imidacloprid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007721 medicinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002728 pyrethroid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/26—Meliaceae [Chinaberry or Mahogany family], e.g. mahogany, langsat or neem
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种环保型杀虫剂，包括如下按质量百分比计的组分：噻虫嗪0.1%～40%，冬青精油50%～78%，印楝油5%～30%，乳化剂1%～10%，抗氧化剂0.1%～0.8%。本发明将新烟碱类杀虫剂、印楝油和冬青油有效地结合在一起，制备出能够防治害虫的杀虫剂，尤其是针对国兰上常见的蚜虫、蓟马、介壳虫及叶螨等具有灭杀作用的害虫，本发明采用植物精油头油和尾油取代乳油制备过程中用到的有毒的有机溶剂，降低了农药成本。植物精油在环境中降解迅速彻底，无残留，对环境无污染，可以提高农药活性，减少农药用量；此外植物精油与印楝油混合，可以更好地促进国兰对杀虫剂的吸收、传导作用，并对噻虫嗪有增效作用。The invention provides an environment-friendly insecticide, which comprises the following components by mass percentage: thiamethoxam 0.1%-40%, wintergreen essential oil 50%-78%, neem oil 5%-30%, emulsifier 1% to 10%, antioxidant 0.1% to 0.8%. The present invention effectively combines neonicotinoid insecticides, neem oil and wintergreen oil to prepare insecticides capable of preventing and controlling pests, especially for common aphids, thrips, scale insects and leaf insects on Chinese orchids. Mites and other pests with killing effect, the present invention uses plant essential oil head oil and tail oil to replace the toxic organic solvent used in the preparation process of emulsifiable concentrate, which reduces the cost of pesticides. The plant essential oil degrades quickly and completely in the environment, without residue, and has no pollution to the environment. It can increase the activity of pesticides and reduce the amount of pesticides used; in addition, the mixture of plant essential oils and neem oil can better promote the absorption and conduction of insecticides by Guolan effect, and has a synergistic effect on thiamethoxam.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于杀虫剂技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种环保型杀虫剂及其应用。The invention belongs to the field of insecticide technology, and more specifically relates to an environment-friendly insecticide and its application.
背景技术Background technique
噻虫嗪是1991年由诺华公司开发的新烟碱类杀虫剂，是继吡虫啉之后的第二代新烟碱类杀虫剂，具有触杀、胃毒和内吸活性，是有机磷、有机氯及拟除虫菊类农药较好的替代品。目前，噻虫嗪已有农药生产剂型十余种。在从原药到到其乳油制剂的生产过程中，有许多安全环保不达标的因素。噻虫嗪乳油虽具有制造简单、计量容易、活性组分在靶标作物上分布比较均匀、生物活性比较高等优点，但缺点是在配制过程中使用了大量有机溶剂，如二甲苯、甲苯等，含量一般在20～90％，这些溶剂具有毒性大、易燃、贮运不安全和对植物易产生药害、对环境污染严重等危害。同时，这些有机溶剂在乳油加工、包装及使用过程中会对人体产生危害，特别是在农药使用喷洒过程中，有机溶剂洒到自然环境中，不仅对环境造成了严重污染，还会导致生物慢性中毒。Thiamethoxam is a neonicotinoid insecticide developed by Novartis in 1991. It is the second-generation neonicotinoid insecticide after imidacloprid. It has contact, stomach toxicity and systemic activity. It is an organic phosphorus, organic Good alternatives to chlorine and pyrethroid pesticides. At present, Thiamethoxam has more than ten kinds of pesticide production formulations. In the production process from the original drug to its emulsifiable concentrate preparation, there are many factors that fail to meet the safety and environmental protection standards. Although thiamethoxam EC has the advantages of simple manufacture, easy measurement, relatively uniform distribution of active components on target crops, and relatively high biological activity, the disadvantage is that a large amount of organic solvents, such as xylene and toluene, are used in the preparation process. Generally 20-90%, these solvents are highly toxic, flammable, unsafe for storage and transportation, prone to phytotoxicity to plants, and serious environmental pollution. At the same time, these organic solvents will cause harm to the human body during the processing, packaging and use of emulsifiable concentrate. Especially during the spraying process of pesticide use, organic solvents are spilled into the natural environment, which not only causes serious pollution to the environment, but also causes biological chronic disease. poisoned.
因此，我国一直致力于降低高度农药的用量，用安全环保的新型农药品种替代高毒农药的研究。Therefore, my country has been committed to reducing the amount of highly toxic pesticides and replacing highly toxic pesticides with safe and environmentally friendly new pesticides.
冬青精油是冬青属植物冬青的枝、叶等随水蒸气蒸馏出的一类易挥发、具有强烈气味的油状液体的总称。主要用于化妆品、保健品、药品、杀虫剂、香料的制造。制备过程中前20％～30％、后20％～30％的油分别叫做头油和尾油，是冬青油生产过程中产生的副产品。冬青油其来源于大自然，取材广泛，对环境兼容性好，无残留，对人类健康无害，且冬青油头油和尾油的价格相对便宜，低于大部分有机溶剂的市场价格，具有广泛的应用前景。近年来，研究发现冬青油及其组分对害虫具有毒杀、拒食、忌避、引诱、抑制生长发育等活性。Wintergreen essential oil is a general term for a kind of volatile oily liquid with a strong smell that is distilled from the branches and leaves of the holly plant of the genus Ilex with water vapor. It is mainly used in the manufacture of cosmetics, health care products, medicines, pesticides and spices. The first 20% to 30% and the last 20% to 30% of the oil in the preparation process are respectively called head oil and tail oil, which are by-products produced during the production of wintergreen oil. Wintergreen oil is derived from nature, has a wide range of materials, has good environmental compatibility, has no residue, and is harmless to human health. The price of wintergreen oil head oil and tail oil is relatively cheap, which is lower than the market price of most organic solvents. Wide application prospects. In recent years, studies have found that wintergreen oil and its components have activities such as poisoning, repelling food, repelling, attracting, and inhibiting growth and development of pests.
印楝油由印楝种子中提取活性成份加工处理而成。印楝中提取的印楝素等成分是目前世界公认的广谱、高效、低毒、易降解、无残留的杀虫剂且没有抗药性，对几乎所有植物害虫，室内臭虫、跳蚤、苍蝇、蚊子等都具有驱杀效果，而对人畜和周围环境无任何污染，同时印楝对许多疾病还具有医疗作用，在医药中将有更广泛的应用。Neem oil is processed from the active ingredients extracted from neem seeds. Azadirachtin and other components extracted from neem are currently recognized worldwide as broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, low-toxicity, easy to degrade, no residual pesticides, and no drug resistance. Mosquitoes, etc. all have the effect of repelling and killing, but there is no pollution to humans, animals and the surrounding environment. At the same time, neem also has a medical effect on many diseases, and it will be more widely used in medicine.
现有技术中，未有将上述将噻虫嗪、印楝油和冬青油有效地结合在一起，制备出能够对常见的蚜虫、蓟马、介壳虫及叶螨等各种害虫进行有效防杀的环保型杀虫剂。In the prior art, there is no effective combination of the above-mentioned thiamethoxam, neem oil and wintergreen oil to prepare a product that can effectively prevent and kill various pests such as common aphids, thrips, scale insects and spider mites. environmentally friendly pesticides.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对现有技术中天然肥料的发酵肥效降低问题，乳油制剂防治病害时存在的化学试剂对环境的安全性问题，提供一种肥效好、能够防止病害滋生的环保型土壤药肥。The present invention aims at the problem of reduced fermentation fertilizer efficiency of natural fertilizers in the prior art, and the environmental safety problems of chemical reagents in the prevention and treatment of diseases of EC preparations, and provides an environment-friendly soil medicinal fertilizer with good fertilizer efficiency and capable of preventing the breeding of diseases.
本发明中，将噻虫嗪、印楝油和冬青油有效地结合在一起，制备出对国兰害虫有较好防治效果的环保型杀虫剂，且在根部用药时可以有效降低国兰烂根的发生；同时，冬青油头油和尾油代替二甲苯等有机溶剂，解决了环境污染、生物安全性等问题。In the present invention, thiamethoxam, neem oil and wintergreen oil are effectively combined to prepare an environmentally friendly insecticide that has a good control effect on Chinese orchid pests, and can effectively reduce the rot of Chinese orchid when applying medicine to the roots. At the same time, wintergreen oil head oil and tail oil replace organic solvents such as xylene, which solves the problems of environmental pollution and biological safety.
本发明的技术目的通过以下技术方案实现：Technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种环保型杀虫剂，包括如下按质量百分比计的组分：A kind of environment-friendly insecticide, comprises following components by mass percentage:
噻虫嗪0.1％～40％，冬青精油50％～78％，印楝油5％～30％，乳化剂1％～10％，抗氧化剂0.1％～0.8％。Thiamethoxam 0.1%-40%, wintergreen essential oil 50%-78%, neem oil 5%-30%, emulsifier 1%-10%, antioxidant 0.1%-0.8%.
本发明利用噻虫嗪、冬青精油头油和尾油与印楝油混合，在根部施用后，印楝油与冬青精油混合后能够保护植物根系，且有一定的增效作用。噻虫嗪、印楝油作用的同时，精油挥发后，在杀虫成分的作用下，害虫死亡或活力显著下降。The invention utilizes thiamethoxam, wintergreen essential oil head oil and tail oil to mix with neem oil, and after root application, the mixed neem oil and wintergreen essential oil can protect plant roots and have a certain synergistic effect. Simultaneously with the action of thiamethoxam and neem oil, after the essential oil volatilizes, under the action of insecticidal ingredients, the death or vitality of pests is significantly reduced.
精油头油和尾油是精油生产过程中的副产品，价格低廉，是取代有毒有机溶剂的理想溶剂。同时，加入一定量的抗氧化剂，减少本产品在施用过程的损失。Essential oil head oil and tail oil are by-products in the production process of essential oil, which are cheap and ideal solvents to replace toxic organic solvents. At the same time, a certain amount of antioxidant is added to reduce the loss of this product during application.
优选地，包括如下按质量百分比计的组分：噻虫嗪10％～40％，冬青精油头油和尾油50％～73％，印楝油5％～15％，乳化剂1.2％～9.7％，抗氧化剂0.1％～0.8％。Preferably, it includes the following components by mass percentage: thiamethoxam 10%-40%, wintergreen essential oil head oil and tail oil 50%-73%, neem oil 5%-15%, emulsifier 1.2%-9.7% %, antioxidant 0.1% to 0.8%.
最优选地，包括如下按质量百分比计的组分：噻虫嗪20％～40％，冬青精油头油和尾油50％～60％，印楝油5％～10％，乳化剂4.2％～9.7％，抗氧化剂0.1％～0.8％。Most preferably, it includes the following components by mass percentage: thiamethoxam 20%-40%, wintergreen essential oil head oil and tail oil 50%-60%, neem oil 5%-10%, emulsifier 4.2%- 9.7%, antioxidant 0.1% ~ 0.8%.
优选地，所述冬青精油是冬青精油的头油和尾油。Preferably, the wintergreen essential oil is head oil and tail oil of wintergreen essential oil.
优选地，所述乳化剂为羟甲基纤淀粉、黄原胶、十二烷基苯磺酸钙、二苄基联苯基聚氧乙烯醚的一种或其组合。Preferably, the emulsifier is one of hydroxymethylcellulose starch, xanthan gum, calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dibenzyl biphenyl polyoxyethylene ether or a combination thereof.
优选地，所述抗氧化剂是为BHT、抗氧剂616、抗氧剂CA、抗氧剂1076的一种或其组合。Preferably, the antioxidant is one of BHT, antioxidant 616, antioxidant CA, antioxidant 1076 or a combination thereof.
本发明同时保护上述环保型杀虫剂在防治害虫中的应用。The present invention simultaneously protects the application of the above-mentioned environment-friendly insecticide in pest control.
优选地，所述环保型杀虫剂是在防治国兰害虫中的应用。Preferably, the environment-friendly insecticide is used in the control of Chinese orchid pests.
优选地，所述害虫为蓟马、叶螟、红蜘蛛、蚜虫或介壳虫中的一种或多种。Preferably, the pest is one or more of thrips, leaf borer, red spider, aphid or scale insect.
优选地，将所述环保型杀虫剂按按100ml/亩或者将所述环保型杀虫剂按照100ml并兑水为50kg/亩的用量施用。Preferably, the environment-friendly insecticide is applied at a rate of 100ml/mu or 100ml of the environment-friendly insecticide mixed with water is 50kg/mu.
本发明环保型杀虫剂的使用方法是：The using method of environment-friendly insecticide of the present invention is:
叶面喷雾、喷洒根际或与基质充分混合拌匀。施用时避免强阳光与高温环境，以下午4点以后施用效果好。Spray on the leaves, spray on the rhizosphere or mix well with the substrate. Avoid strong sunlight and high temperature environment when applying, and the effect is better when applied after 4 pm.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点及有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
本发明采用冬青油头油和尾油取代农药乳油制剂制备过程中用到的有机溶剂，且与植物精油混合，避免有机肥发酵损失和对植物根系造成损伤。此外，全植物源药肥在自然界中有其顺畅的降解途径，更加环保。将噻虫嗪、印楝油和冬青油有效地结合在一起，制备出对国兰害虫有较好防治效果的环保型杀虫剂，且在根部用药时可以有效降低国兰烂根的发生，对国兰害虫，尤其是防治蓟马、叶螟、红蜘蛛、蚜虫或介壳虫灭杀效果显著。同时，此外植物精油与印楝油混合，可以更好地促进国兰对杀虫剂的吸收、传导作用，并对噻虫嗪有增效作用。The invention adopts wintergreen oil head oil and tail oil to replace the organic solvent used in the preparation process of the pesticide emulsifiable oil preparation, and mixes it with plant essential oil, so as to avoid the loss of organic fertilizer fermentation and damage to plant root system. In addition, all plant-derived medicinal fertilizers have a smooth degradation path in nature, which is more environmentally friendly. By effectively combining thiamethoxam, neem oil and wintergreen oil, an environmentally friendly insecticide with good control effect on Chinese orchid pests can be prepared, and the occurrence of root rot of Chinese orchid can be effectively reduced when the drug is applied to the roots. It is effective in killing orchid pests, especially thrips, leaf borer, spider mites, aphids or scale insects. At the same time, in addition, mixing plant essential oils with neem oil can better promote the absorption and conduction of Chinese orchids to insecticides, and have a synergistic effect on thiamethoxam.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面通过实施例对本发明进行具体描述，有必要在此指出的是本实施例只用于对本发明进行进一步说明，但不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。The present invention is described in detail through the following examples. It is necessary to point out that this example is only used to further illustrate the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
除非特别说明，本发明采用的试剂、方法和设备为本技术领域常规试剂、方法和设备。Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the technical field.
实施例1：制备浓度为0.1％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Embodiment 1: preparation concentration is 0.1% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 0.1％Thiamethoxam 0.1%
冬青油头油和尾油 65.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 65.0%
印楝油 30％Neem Oil 30%
羟甲基纤淀粉 4.8％HMF Starch 4.8%
抗氧剂BHT 0.1％Antioxidant BHT 0.1%
实施例2：制备浓度为1.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Embodiment 2: preparation concentration is 1.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin EC
噻虫嗪 1.0％Thiamethoxam 1.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 70.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 70.0%
印楝油 25.0％Neem Oil 25.0%
黄原胶 3.2％Xanthan Gum 3.2%
抗氧剂616 0.8％Antioxidant 616 0.8%
实施例3：制备浓度为5.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Embodiment 3: preparation concentration is 5.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 5.0％Thiamethoxam 5.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 78.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 78.0%
印楝油 15.0％Neem Oil 15.0%
十二烷基苯磺酸钙 1.2％Calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 1.2%
抗氧剂CA 0.8％Antioxidant CA 0.8%
实施例4：制备浓度为10.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Embodiment 4: preparation concentration is 10.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 10.0％Thiamethoxam 10.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 73.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 73.0%
印楝油 15.0％Neem Oil 15.0%
十二烷基苯磺酸钙 1.2％Calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 1.2%
抗氧剂CA 0.8％Antioxidant CA 0.8%
实施例5：制备浓度为15.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Embodiment 5: preparation concentration is 15.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 15.0％Thiamethoxam 15.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 70.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 70.0%
印楝油 10.0％Neem Oil 10.0%
羟甲基纤淀粉 4.9％HMF Starch 4.9%
抗氧剂616 0.1％Antioxidant 616 0.1%
实施例6：制备浓度为20.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Embodiment 6: preparation concentration is 20.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 20.0％Thiamethoxam 20.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 60.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 60.0%
印楝油 10.0％Neem Oil 10.0%
羟甲基纤淀粉 9.7％HMF Starch 9.7%
抗氧剂CA 0.3％Antioxidant CA 0.3%
实施例7：制备浓度为25.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Embodiment 7: preparation concentration is 25.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 25.0％Thiamethoxam 25.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 60.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 60.0%
印楝油 10.0％Neem Oil 10.0%
羟甲基纤淀粉 4.6％HMF Starch 4.6%
抗氧剂1076 0.4％Antioxidant 1076 0.4%
实施例8：制备浓度为30.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Embodiment 8: preparation concentration is 30.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 30.0％Thiamethoxam 30.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 55.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 55.0%
印楝油 10.0％Neem Oil 10.0%
羟甲基纤淀粉 4.2％HMF Starch 4.2%
抗氧剂BHT 0.8％Antioxidant BHT 0.8%
实施例9：制备浓度为35.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Embodiment 9: preparation concentration is 35.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 35.0％Thiamethoxam 35.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 55.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 55.0%
印楝油 5.0％Neem Oil 5.0%
十二烷基苯磺酸钙 4.9％Calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 4.9%
抗氧剂BHT 0.1％Antioxidant BHT 0.1%
实施例10：制备浓度为40.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Embodiment 10: Preparation concentration is 40.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin EC
噻虫嗪 40.0％Thiamethoxam 40.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 50.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 50.0%
印楝油 5.0％Neem Oil 5.0%
羟甲基纤淀粉 4.8％HMF Starch 4.8%
抗氧剂BHT 0.2％Antioxidant BHT 0.2%
对比例1：制备浓度为0.5％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Comparative example 1: The preparation concentration is 0.5% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin EC
噻虫嗪 0.5％Thiamethoxam 0.5%
冬青油头油和尾油 94.5％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 94.5%
羟甲基纤淀粉 4.8％HMF Starch 4.8%
抗氧剂BHT 0.2％Antioxidant BHT 0.2%
对比例2：制备浓度为1.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Comparative Example 2: The preparation concentration is 1.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin EC
噻虫嗪 1.0％Thiamethoxam 1.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 95.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 95.0%
黄原胶 3.2％Xanthan Gum 3.2%
抗氧剂616 0.8％Antioxidant 616 0.8%
对比例3：制备浓度为5.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Comparative example 3: the preparation concentration is 5.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 5.0％Thiamethoxam 5.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 93.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 93.0%
十二烷基苯磺酸钙 1.2％Calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 1.2%
抗氧剂CA 0.8％Antioxidant CA 0.8%
对比例4：制备浓度为10.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Comparative example 4: The preparation concentration is 10.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 10.0％Thiamethoxam 10.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 88.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 88.0%
十二烷基苯磺酸钙 1.2％Calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 1.2%
抗氧剂CA 0.8％Antioxidant CA 0.8%
对比例5：制备浓度为15.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Comparative example 5: the preparation concentration is 15.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 15.0％Thiamethoxam 15.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 80.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 80.0%
羟甲基纤淀粉 4.5％HMF Starch 4.5%
抗氧剂CA 0.5％Antioxidant CA 0.5%
对比例6：制备浓度为20.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Comparative example 6: The preparation concentration is 20.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 20.0％Thiamethoxam 20.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 75.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 75.0%
羟甲基纤淀粉 4.8％HMF Starch 4.8%
抗氧剂616 0.2％Antioxidant 616 0.2%
对比例7：制备浓度为25.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Comparative Example 7: The preparation concentration is 25.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin EC
噻虫嗪 25.0％Thiamethoxam 25.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 70.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 70.0%
羟甲基纤淀粉 4.6％HMF Starch 4.6%
抗氧剂1076 0.4％Antioxidant 1076 0.4%
对比例8：制备浓度为30.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Comparative example 8: the preparation concentration is 30.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 30.0％Thiamethoxam 30.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 65.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 65.0%
羟甲基纤淀粉 4.8％HMF Starch 4.8%
抗氧剂BHT 0.2％Antioxidant BHT 0.2%
对比例9：制备浓度为35.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Comparative example 9: the preparation concentration is 35.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 35.0％Thiamethoxam 35.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 60.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 60.0%
十二烷基苯磺酸钙 4.8％Calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 4.8%
抗氧剂BHT 0.2％Antioxidant BHT 0.2%
对比例10：制备浓度为40.0％噻虫嗪.印楝素乳油Comparative example 10: the preparation concentration is 40.0% thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate
噻虫嗪 40.0％Thiamethoxam 40.0%
冬青油头油和尾油 55.0％Wintergreen Oil Head & Tail 55.0%
羟甲基纤淀粉 4.8％HMF Starch 4.8%
抗氧剂BHT 0.2％Antioxidant BHT 0.2%
实施例11：Example 11:
使用不同配比比例的噻虫嗪、印楝油与冬青精油所制环保型杀虫剂进行国兰害虫防治试验。The control experiment of Chinese orchid pests was carried out by using different ratios of thiamethoxam, neem oil and wintergreen essential oil as an environmentally friendly insecticide.
详细的测试方法如下：The detailed test method is as follows:
对兰花蓟马、蚜虫、介壳虫、叶螨的防效试验是同一地点、同一时间进行的。The control effect tests on orchid thrips, aphids, scale insects and spider mites were carried out at the same place and at the same time.
进行害虫防效试验时，分别设置15个试验区，每个试验小区30盆兰花(建兰)，其中3个为对照试验区。按100ml/亩(兑水50kg/亩)的用量将不同配比比例的噻虫嗪、印楝油与冬青精油的环保型杀虫剂分别施用于其中12个小区，对照小区施用等量清水。When carrying out the pest control effect test, set up 15 test areas respectively, each test area has 30 pots of orchids (Jianlan), and 3 of them are control test areas. The environment-friendly insecticides of thiamethoxam, neem oil and wintergreen essential oil in different proportions were applied to 12 plots respectively by the consumption of 100ml/mu (watered 50kg/mu), and the same amount of clear water was applied to the control plot.
几组不同浓度的噻虫嗪、印楝油与冬青油的环保型杀虫剂对害虫防治效果如表1、表2所示。Table 1 and Table 2 show the pest control effects of several groups of environmental-friendly insecticides with different concentrations of thiamethoxam, neem oil and wintergreen oil.
实施例12：室内试验Embodiment 12: indoor test
测试不用浓度噻虫嗪、印楝油与冬青精油的对蓟马、红蜘蛛、蚜虫、介壳虫幼虫的防治效果。参照杀虫剂室内毒力测定方法的浸虫法并加以改进。用毛笔将挑选的个体大小一致的试虫分别置于浸虫笼中，打开浸虫笼，用滤纸吸去多余的处理液后，接着用毛笔将处理过的试虫转移至培养皿中。培养皿中垫湿润滤纸，置有已剪成圆形的国兰叶。检查记录48h死亡的试虫数，并且将已死亡试虫从中剔除。供试害虫各200头。结果如表3所示。The control effects of different concentrations of thiamethoxam, neem oil and wintergreen essential oil on thrips, spider mite, aphids and scale insect larvae were tested. Refer to and improve the method of soaking insects in the indoor toxicity determination method of insecticides. Use a writing brush to place the selected test insects of the same size in the insect-soaking cages, open the soaking cages, use filter paper to absorb the excess treatment solution, and then use the writing brush to transfer the treated test insects to the petri dish. Wet filter paper was placed in a petri dish, and the leaves of Chinese orchids that had been cut into circles were placed. Check and record the number of dead test insects within 48 hours, and remove the dead test insects. 200 pests were tested. The results are shown in Table 3.
测试对蓟马、红蜘蛛、蚜虫、介壳虫成虫的防治效果。参照杀虫剂室内毒力测定方法的浸虫法并加以改进。用毛笔将挑选的个体大小一致的试虫分别置于浸虫笼中，打开浸虫笼，用滤纸吸去多余的处理液后，接着用毛笔将处理过的试虫转移至培养皿中。培养皿中垫湿润滤纸，置有已剪成圆形的国兰叶。检查记录48h死亡的试虫数，并且将已死亡试虫从中剔除。供试害虫各200头。结果如表4所示。Test the control effect on thrips, spider mites, aphids, adult scale insects. Refer to and improve the method of soaking insects in the indoor toxicity determination method of insecticides. Use a writing brush to place the selected test insects of the same size in the insect-soaking cages, open the soaking cages, use filter paper to absorb the excess treatment solution, and then use the writing brush to transfer the treated test insects to the petri dish. Wet filter paper was placed in a petri dish, and the leaves of Chinese orchids that had been cut into circles were placed. Check and record the number of dead test insects within 48 hours, and remove the dead test insects. 200 pests were tested. The results are shown in Table 4.
死亡标准参考张宗炳方法：用针触动时无反应为死亡。The standard of death refers to Zhang Zongbing's method: death is defined as no response when touched with a needle.
表1不同含量的噻虫嗪.印楝素处理后3d对害虫防治效果(％)Table 1 Different contents of thiamethoxam. Azadirachtin treatment 3d effect on pest control (%)
表2不同噻虫嗪.印楝素环保型杀虫剂产品处理后7d对害虫防治效果(％)Table 2 Effects of different thiamethoxam and azadirachtin on pest control after 7 days of treatment (%)
表3不同质量分数杀虫剂处理后24h对害虫幼虫毒杀作用Table 3 The poisonous effect of different mass fractions of insecticides on pest larvae 24 hours after treatment
表4不同质量分数杀虫剂处理后24h对害虫成虫毒杀作用Table 4 The poisonous effect of different mass fractions of insecticides on pest adults 24 hours after treatment
从表1和表2，实施例和对比例中数据可以明显看出，对比例中缺失印楝油后，即便冬青油头油和尾油的加入量与实施例中冬青油头油和尾油和印楝油的加入量之和相等，但对比例的效果仍然不如实施例的害虫防治效果，且在噻虫嗪的添加量为20.0～40％，冬青油头油和尾油和印楝油的加入量之和为55～70％的范围内，实施例的灭杀效果尤其显著，体现了冬青油头油和尾油与印楝油混合，可以更好地促进对本发明杀虫剂的吸收、传导作用，并对噻虫嗪有增效作用。From table 1 and table 2, the data in the embodiment and the comparative example can obviously find out, after missing neem oil in the comparative example, even if the add-on of wintergreen oil head oil and tail oil is the same as that of wintergreen oil head oil and tail oil in the embodiment Equal to the sum of the addition of neem oil, but the effect of comparative example is still not as good as the pest control effect of embodiment, and the addition of thiamethoxam is 20.0～40%, wintergreen oil head oil and tail oil and neem oil In the scope of 55～70%, the killing effect of embodiment is particularly remarkable, has reflected wintergreen oil head oil and tail oil and neem oil mixing, can better promote the absorption to insecticide of the present invention , conduction, and synergistic effect on thiamethoxam.
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| CN107801736A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-03-16 | 来安县义坤农业发展有限公司 | A kind of insecticide for preventing and treating Lin grass gelechiid |
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| CN111134146A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-05-12 | 山西奇星农药有限公司 | Synergistic granule and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112931495A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-11 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Special pesticide for flying defense and preparation method thereof |
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