CN106962175B - The method for creating of carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits - Google Patents
The method for creating of carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits Download PDFInfo
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- CN106962175B CN106962175B CN201710154313.6A CN201710154313A CN106962175B CN 106962175 B CN106962175 B CN 106962175B CN 201710154313 A CN201710154313 A CN 201710154313A CN 106962175 B CN106962175 B CN 106962175B
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- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 235000015136 pumpkin Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 title claims abstract 15
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008775 paternal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 240000004244 Cucurbita moschata Species 0.000 claims description 49
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010068051 Chimerism Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 13
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000219122 Cucurbita Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009399 inbreeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000004507 Abelmoschus esculentus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000009087 Crescentia cujete Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005983 Crescentia cujete Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009797 Lagenaria vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004345 fruit ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012214 genetic breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides the method for creating of a kind of carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits, includes the following steps：It with Comprehensive Traits are excellent but carpopodium is common pumpkin single plant is paternal hybrid that the first step, carpopodium impact resistance but the unlimited pumpkin single plant of Comprehensive Traits, which are maternal, obtains F1Generation；Second step, F1Generation selfing obtains F2Generation, and in F2Carpopodium impact resistance single plant is chosen in generation to be returned with male parent pumpkin single plant, is chosen the excellent pumpkin single plant material sowing of Comprehensive Traits, is obtained BC1F1Generation；Third walks, BC1F1It chooses carpopodium impact resistance single plant in be successively selfed through the strain of 3 generations is interior, sisters hand over the Comprehensive Traits for obtaining stabilization with selfing in 1 generation plant excellent and carpopodium impact resistance Pumpkin Inbred Lines in 1 generation system.The present invention obtains carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits for the first time, has filled up the market vacancy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant genetics and breeding fields, and in particular to a kind of carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent pumpkin of Comprehensive Traits
The method for creating of germ plasm resource.
Background technology
Musky gourd (C.moschata.Duchesne, 2n=40) is one of four cultigens of Cucurbita, and okra fruit is sweet in flavor
Agreeable to the taste, old melon is capable of using as feed or coarse cereals, is one of main melon dish of summer and autumn, has extensive nutritive value, medical value
And economic value.China is the main production and consumption big country of pumpkin, at present about 400,000 hectares of musky gourd cultivated area, and in lake
Southern Dongting Lake region forms the maximum growing area in the whole nation, for ensureing that national pumpkin market supply has played important function.
Musky gourd carpopodium is elongated, hard texture, and base portion is expanded in five prismatics, shows as carpopodium and protrudes from pulp (see Fig. 3),
It is picking and is easily falling off in transportational process, be the main reason for causing rotten melon.Formulate carpopodium impact resistance pumpkin resource material pair
It is of great significance in alleviating the rotten melon phenomenon of pumpkin.However there has been no to the breeding in terms of pumpkin carpopodium impact resistance for this field at present
Research.
Invention content
Therefore, the present invention provides the method for creating of a kind of carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits,
Include the following steps：
The first step, carpopodium impact resistance but the unlimited pumpkin single plant of Comprehensive Traits are that maternal but carpopodium excellent with Comprehensive Traits is general
Logical pumpkin single plant is paternal hybrid, obtains F1Generation；
Second step, F1Generation selfing obtains F2Generation, and in F2Carpopodium impact resistance single plant is chosen in generation to return with male parent pumpkin single plant
It hands over, chooses the excellent pumpkin single plant material sowing of Comprehensive Traits, obtain BC1F1Generation；
Third walks, BC1F1The selfing in the strain of 3 generations of carpopodium impact resistance single plant priority is chosen in generation, the interior sisters of 1 generation system hand over and 1 generation
Selfing obtains that stable Comprehensive Traits are excellent and carpopodium impact resistance Pumpkin Inbred Lines in strain.
In a kind of specific embodiment, male parent described in the first step and female parent are musky gourd.
In third step of the present invention, for BC1F1Objective trait settle out, first carry out the selfing of 3 generations.Although being selfed algebraically
More a variety of matter are purer, but algebraically then wastes time, sinks money too much；It is impure to be selfed the too low then seed properties of algebraically, strain and strain
Between character it is inconsistent.In the third step of the present invention, to avoid germplasm from degenerating, sisters in generation system need to be carried out and handed over.And it is specific
Ground：It is successively selfed in the strain of 3 generations, sisters hand in 1 generation system and selfing is best mode in 1 generation plant.
Specifically, maternal carpopodium impact resistance pumpkin is that carpopodium is fitted into pumpkin material, and male parent is that Comprehensive Traits are excellent and carpopodium
The carpopodium type of material outstanding, male parent is the common common carpopodium type of musky gourd.
In a kind of specific embodiment, second step is by F1For 5 plants of plantations of plant in crop field, built cultivation embroiders certainly
It hands over and obtains F2Generation；By F260 plants of plantations of generation choose carpopodium impact resistance single plant and embroider and be returned with male parent, choose 6 plants of synthesis in crop field
Character obtains BC close to the material sowing of male parent1F1Generation.
In a kind of specific embodiment, third is walked BC1F1Each 60 plants of plantations of 6 strains of generation choose fruit in crop field
Handle impact resistance single plant flower embroiders selfing, chooses 5 plants of Comprehensive Traits close to the material sowing of male parent, obtains BC1F2；By BC1F2's
Each 60 plants of plantations of 5 strains choose carpopodium impact resistance single plant flower and embroider selfing, choose 4 plants of Comprehensive Traits close to father in crop field
This material sowing obtains BC1F3；By BC1F3Each 60 plants of plantations of 4 strains in crop field, choose carpopodium impact resistance single plant flower
Selfing is embroidered, 3 plants of Comprehensive Traits is chosen close to the material sowing of male parent, obtains BC1F4；By BC1F4Each 60 plants of kinds of 3 strains
It plants in crop field, it is that interior sisters hand over to choose carpopodium impact resistance single plant flower and embroider, and the material for choosing 1 plant of Comprehensive Traits close to male parent is received
Kind, obtain BC1F5；By BC1F5The plantation of 60 plants of 1 strain in crop field, and choose carpopodium impact resistance single plant flower and embroider selfing,
1 plant of Comprehensive Traits is chosen close to the material sowing of male parent, that is, obtains carpopodium ballistic resistant material.
Certainly, the quantity of plantation in second step and third step is all not limited only to the data, if but plantation strain number it is very few,
The death that then there are individual plant can influence the too small limitation for influencing efficiency of selection of genetic breeding and group, and when plantation amount is excessive
Clearly greatest waste.
In a kind of specific embodiment, selection carpopodium impact resistance single plant flower embroiders embedding according to carpopodium before not pollinating
Conjunction state determines；The Comprehensive Traits include：Quality trait, fruit properties, disease resistance, resistance, maturity and yielding ability.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1, the present invention obtains carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits for the first time, has filled up market sky
In vain.
2, compared with traditional pumpkin resource material selection, by by maternal carpopodium impact resistance pumpkin in the method for the present invention
Hybridize with male parent Comprehensive Traits excellent material, detach, be returned, detach, be selfed and be that interior sisters hand over purifying, by male parent Comprehensive Traits
The favorable genes of excellent pumpkin import maternal impact resistance pumpkin material.
3, the present invention carries out the pollination of selectivity using the chimeric degree of carpopodium before blooming and ovary, alleviates workload,
Improve the efficiency of selection of the character.
4, in addition, being handed over using sisters in 1 generation system when material purifying of the present invention, effectively prevent conventional self-mating system initiative from
Hand over the generation of inbreeding depression phenomenon after 3 generations.
5, the carpopodium impact resistance pumpkin Comprehensive Traits of selection and breeding of the present invention are excellent, and it is strong to show as mouthfeel powder sweet tea, disease-resistant resistance,
Fruit has preferable commodity.The present invention is to meet market needs, the excellent carpopodium impact resistance pumpkin material of initiative Comprehensive Traits
Material provides a kind of simple, effective selection.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the selection flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 common, carpopodium impact resistance pumpkin resource material 29-2 (female parent) photos for Comprehensive Traits, wherein Fig. 2 a are outside it
It takes into consideration, Fig. 2 b are the chimeric carpopodium photo at its carpopodium.
Fig. 3 excellent, common pumpkin resource material 97-6-5 (male parent) photos of carpopodium for Comprehensive Traits.
Fig. 4 is that (Comprehensive Traits are excellent, impact resistance fruit for selection and breeding obtain in the embodiment of the present invention excellent pumpkin resource material
Handle) 2997-5-3-3-1-2 (product melon) appearance photo.
Fig. 5 is 2997-5-3-3-1-2 (product melon) and 97-6-5 (male parent) carpopodium appearances and slice map.Wherein Fig. 5 A are
The carpopodium appearance photo of product melon, Fig. 5 B are male parent carpopodium appearance photo；Fig. 5 C are the longitudinal sectional photo of carpopodium of product melon, and Fig. 5 D are
The longitudinal sectional photo of male parent carpopodium；Fig. 5 E are the carpopodium histotomy figure of product melon, and Fig. 5 F are male parent carpopodium histotomy figure.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail by following embodiments, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in embodiment.
Selfing：The combination of female and male gametophyte from same individual, i.e., the combination of the gynoecium and stamen of same plant.
Hybridization：The combination of gynoecium and stamen between the plant of the Seed Development of two different pumpkins.
Sisters hand over：It is different in same strain (plant that the more seeds that the same pumpkin generates grow up to belongs to same strain)
The combination of gynoecium and stamen between plant.
Backcrossing：Filial generation (including first filial generation or son mostly generation) hybridizes, this side with any one parent in two parents
Method is called backcrossing.
Comprehensive Traits described in the above method include：Quality trait, fruit properties, disease resistance and yielding ability.It is comprehensive
Excellent shape refers to that fruit soluble solids content is fine and smooth in 9% or more, mouthfeel powder sweet tea, meat；The long calabash shape of fruit type, fruit are long
40-60cm or so, pulp thickness are more than 2.5cm, and the pericarp of mellow fruit is orange red, by white powder；Seedling stage indoors artificial inoculated identification is white
Powder disease resistance index is less than 45；Per mu yield 3000kg or more.
Embodiment 1
The first step, hybridization：It is mother with the natural mutation plant 29-2 (character common, carpopodium impact resistance) that Hainan field is found
This, with the height of Inst. of Vegetables, Hunan Prov.'s selection and breeding for self-mating system 97-6-5 (character is excellent, carpopodium is common) for male parent, hybridization obtains
F1Generation.Gained F1Comprehensive Traits and carpopodium impact resistance character for pumpkin are substantially between male parent and female parent.F1The phenotype one in generation
It causes.
Second step, selfing and backcrossing：By F1For 5 plants of plantations of plant in crop field, built cultivation embroiders selfing acquisition F2Generation；It will
F260 plants of plantations of generation observe carpopodium in crop field, when blooming as it can be seen that F2For plant, there are trait segregations, and carpopodium impact resistance single plant is selected to prick
Flower is returned with the common pumpkin single plant (male parent 97-6-5) of excellent carpopodium, and the pumpkin single plant material for choosing Comprehensive Traits close to male parent is received
Kind, obtain BC1F1Generation；
Third walks, and selfing three generations, sisters hand over and selfing：By BC1F1Each 60 plants of plantations of 6 strains of generation select carpopodium anti-in crop field
It hits single plant and embroiders selfing, choose 5 plants of Comprehensive Traits close to the pumpkin material sowing of male parent, obtain BC1F2；By BC1F25
Each 60 plants of plantations of strain select carpopodium impact resistance single plant to embroider selfing, pumpkin material of the 4 plants of Comprehensive Traits of selection close to male parent in crop field
Expect sowing, obtains BC1F3；By BC1F34 strains it is each 60 plants plantation in crop field, select carpopodium impact resistance single plant to embroider selfing, choosing
It takes 3 plants of Comprehensive Traits close to the pumpkin sowing of male parent, obtains BC1F4；By BC1F4Each 60 plants of plantations of 3 strains in crop field, choosing
It is that interior sisters hand over that carpopodium impact resistance single plant, which embroiders, chooses 1 plant of Comprehensive Traits close to the pumpkin material sowing of male parent, obtains BC1F5；
By BC1F5The plantation of 60 plants of 1 strain in crop field, select carpopodium impact resistance single plant to embroider selfing, selection Comprehensive Traits are close to male parent
Pumpkin material sowing obtains the excellent carpopodium ballistic resistant material 2997-5-3-3-1-2 (products of stable and consistent, Comprehensive Traits
Melon).
Selection and breeding obtain by the method for the invention character excellent carpopodium impact resistance pumpkin material 2997-5-3-3-1-2,2015
Year plants in Hainan, ripe in showing as, the first female flower section 22 section, single long 52cm of melon, the wide 14cm of fruit, pulp thickness 2.8cm, single melon
Weight 4.1kg, soluble solid content 9.2%.Microexamination cell tissue slice shows common pumpkin 97-6-5 carpopodium fruits
Meat junction is made of the transversely arranged cell of multilayer, i.e., the absciss layer tissue detached with carpopodium after fruit maturation；In the property of selection and breeding
The excellent impact resistance carpopodium pumpkin 2997-5-3-3-1-2 carpopodiums pulp junction of shape does not find absciss layer tissue similar with 97-6-5,
But it is substituted by a large amount of vascular tissue.The pull test that laterally fractures is carried out to pumpkin carpopodium using chest expander, as a result table
Bright 97-6-5 is easy to be pulled off in 3kg power, and carpopodium and the fracture of fruit junction are very big, and pulp is exposed, easily mouldy corruption
It is rotten；And 2997-5-3-3-1-2 carpopodiums are chimeric with melon body combines together, under the action of 5kg power, only carpopodium epimere fractures, fracture
Face is smaller, and pulp is not exposed.
The present invention utilizes the carpopodium impact resistance plant that field is found, the plant to show as carpopodium and be embedded in pulp, fruit
Handle is extremely not easily to fall off, but the Comprehensive Traits such as its pumpkin shape and eating mouth feel are not excellent.The discovery of the carpopodium impact resistance plant
For Comprehensive Traits of the present invention are excellent and material foundation has been established in the initiative of carpopodium impact resistance resource material.
The present invention also selects pollination single plant using the chimeric degree of carpopodium before blooming and ovary, shortens breeding process, carries
High efficiency of selection.Traditional pedigree seed selection needs inbreeding of more generation, and there are serious germplasm degradation phenomenas, it is difficult to select comprehensive
Close the excellent breeding material of character；The present invention is handed over using sisters in backcrossing and generation system, effectively prevents the generation of the phenomenon.Choosing
The impact resistance carpopodium pumpkin material educated, Comprehensive Traits have reached the level of the common pumpkin material of the excellent carpopodium of character, are
Pumpkin carpopodium impact resistance and Comprehensive Traits good breeding material, which are formulated, provides a kind of simple effective method.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any made by repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the method for creating of a kind of carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits, includes the following steps：
The first step, carpopodium impact resistance but the unlimited pumpkin single plant of Comprehensive Traits are that maternal but carpopodium excellent with Comprehensive Traits is common
Pumpkin single plant is paternal hybrid, obtains F1Generation；
Second step, F1Generation selfing obtains F2Generation, and in F2It chooses carpopodium impact resistance single plant in generation to be returned with male parent pumpkin single plant, choosing
It takes Comprehensive Traits excellent and Comprehensive Traits is close to the pumpkin single plant material sowing of male parent, obtain BC1F1Generation；
Third walks, BC1F1Selection carpopodium impact resistance single plant priority selfing within 3 generations plant in generation, 1 generation are in interior sisters' friendship and the strain of 1 generation
Selfing obtains that stable Comprehensive Traits are excellent and carpopodium impact resistance Pumpkin Inbred Lines, wherein：Selfing, the interior sisters of 1 generation system in the strain of 3 generations
Hand over and be selfed in 1 generation plant the pumpkin material sowing for choosing Comprehensive Traits close to male parent.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Male parent described in the first step and female parent are musky gourd.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Second step is by F1For 5 plants of plantations of plant in crop field, built is planted
It trains, embroider selfing acquisition F2Generation；By F260 plants of plantations of generation choose carpopodium impact resistance single plant and embroider and be returned with male parent, choosing in crop field
It takes 6 plants of Comprehensive Traits close to the material sowing of male parent, obtains BC1F1Generation.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Third is walked BC1F1Each 60 plants of plantations of 6 strains of generation are in big
Field, and choose carpopodium impact resistance single plant flower and embroider selfing, 5 plants of Comprehensive Traits are chosen close to the material sowing of male parent, are obtained
BC1F2；By BC1F2Each 60 plants of plantations of 5 strains in crop field, choose carpopodium impact resistance single plant flower and embroider selfing, 4 plants of selection
Comprehensive Traits obtain BC close to the material sowing of male parent1F3；By BC1F3Each 60 plants of plantations of 4 strains in crop field, choose carpopodium
Impact resistance single plant flower embroiders selfing, chooses 3 plants of Comprehensive Traits close to the material sowing of male parent, obtains BC1F4；By BC1F43
In crop field, it is that interior sisters hand over to choose carpopodium impact resistance single plant flower and embroider, and chooses 1 plant of Comprehensive Traits and connects for a each 60 plants of plantations of strain
The material sowing of nearly male parent, obtains BC1F5；By BC1F5The plantation of 60 plants of 1 strain in crop field, and choose carpopodium impact resistance single plant
Flower embroiders selfing, chooses 1 plant of Comprehensive Traits close to the material sowing of male parent, that is, obtains carpopodium ballistic resistant material.
5. the method according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that：Choose carpopodium impact resistance single plant flower
It embroiders and is determined according to carpopodium chimerism before not pollinating；The Comprehensive Traits include：Quality trait, fruit properties, disease resistance,
Resistance, maturity and yielding ability.
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| CN109757361A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-17 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | The method for creating for the pumpkin resource that quality is excellent, long cylindricality and Comprehensive Traits are excellent |
| CN114391473B (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2023-06-30 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | Pumpkin inbred line creation method with white flower marks and excellent comprehensive properties |
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| 嫩早1号南瓜新品种的选育;杨建国等;《湖南农业科学》;20170131(第1期);第5-7页 * |
| 早熟优质南瓜新品种兴蔬红蜜一号的选育;胡新军等;《湖南农业科学》;20151231(第5期);第9-10页 * |
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