CN106947128A - 一种石墨烯复合胶乳海绵的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种石墨烯复合胶乳海绵的制备方法，属于胶乳海绵制备技术领域。将天然乳胶、石墨烯改进剂、硫磺和水超声混合，将氧化锌、二苯胍、氟硅酸钠和油酸钾超声混合；将以上两种混合物再混合，得均匀的乳剂，然后将乳剂进行物理发泡后置于模具有固化，脱模，得石墨烯复合胶乳海绵。本发明制作工艺简单、合理，由于生产过程中采用石墨烯改进剂，利用了石墨烯具有优异的机械性能，从而增强了海绵机械性能，使产品具有优良的耐拉伸性和回弹性，并且不易老化。产品的硬度可达30～45Kpa，回弹性90～95%，拉伸强度150～200kPa。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于胶乳海绵制备技术领域。
背景技术
胶乳海绵是一种以天然橡胶为主要原料的具有多泡孔结构的海绵制品。由于其具有高弹性，高透气性、绿色环保等特点，广泛应用于座椅、沙发、床垫等家居产品和体育器材。然而胶乳海绵制品也存在很多性能缺陷，如机械性能不高、易老化、产品功能单一等等。随着消费者对胶乳海绵品质的日益关注，常见的普通胶乳海绵制品难以满足人们的高要求，因而，开发高强度多功能的胶乳海绵制品是市场的迫切需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种机械性能好、不易老化的含有石墨烯的胶乳海绵的制备方法。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
1）超声条件下，将天然乳胶、石墨烯改进剂、硫磺和水混合；超声条件下，将氧化锌、二苯胍、氟硅酸钠和油酸钾混合；
2）将以上两种混合物再混合，得均匀的乳剂；
3）将乳剂进行物理发泡后置于模具有固化，脱模，得石墨烯复合胶乳海绵。
本发明制作工艺简单、合理，由于生产过程中采用石墨烯改进剂，利用了石墨烯具有优异的机械性能，从而增强了海绵机械性能，使产品具有优良的耐拉伸性和回弹性，并且不易老化。产品的硬度可达30～45Kpa，回弹性90～95%，拉伸强度150～200kPa。
进一步地，本发明所述天然乳胶、石墨烯改进剂、硫磺、氧化锌、二苯胍、氟硅酸钠和油酸钾的混合质量比为100∶0.5～8∶0.5～5∶0.5～5∶0.1～1∶0.5～10∶0.1～2。该混合比范围内生产，石墨烯能够良好分散在胶乳海绵内，有利于增强海绵的力学性能。
所述步骤1）中，混合时的温度条件为20～25℃，超声功率为300W。该工艺条件为最佳生产条件，有助于各组分的混合，提高生产效率。
所述步骤2）中，混合条件为20～30℃机械搅拌。该工艺条件为最佳生产条件，有助于各组分的混合，提高生产效率。
所述步骤3）中，发泡的时间为1～5h，固化的温度条件为100～150℃。该工艺条件为最佳生产条件，有助于胶乳海绵的发泡成型与固化，提高生产效率。
附图说明
图1为石墨烯改进剂的透射电子显微镜照片。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施对本发明做进一步说明，但不限于此。
1、石墨烯改进剂的制备：
分别取水25～30kg，硫酸 40～50 kg，高锰酸钾25～30 kg，石墨粉10～15 kg，十八烷基磺酸钠0.5～8 kg。
制备方法：
（1）采用Hummer 法对石墨粉进行氧化，制备氧化石墨烯。
（2）将氧化石墨烯、十八烷基磺酸钠和水在20～30℃、超声条件下搅拌0.5～5h，配制得到氧化石墨烯水溶液。
（3）将氧化石墨烯水溶液经-20～-50℃冷冻干燥，即得石墨烯改性剂。
石墨烯改进剂的性能考察：
（1）石墨烯改进剂的透射电子显微镜照片如图1所示：改进剂中石墨烯为直径约0.5μm的片状碳材料。
（2）分别取0.05g、0.1g、1g和10g的石墨烯改性剂分别投入四份1000mL水中，考察不同浓度下石墨烯改进剂水溶液的溶解度。结果是：石墨烯改进剂在水中具有良好的溶解性，有利于在胶乳中的分散。
2、石墨烯复合胶乳海绵的生产：
分别取天然乳胶100 kg，石墨烯改进剂0.5～8 kg，硫磺0.5～5 kg，氧化锌0.5～5 kg，二苯胍0.1～1 kg，氟硅酸钠0.5～10 kg，油酸钾0.1～2 kg，水适量。
制备过程：
（1）在功率为300W、温度为20～25℃的超声条件下，将天然乳胶、石墨烯改进剂、硫磺和适量的水混合搅拌1～3h，得混合料1。
（2）在功率为300W、温度为20～25℃的超声条件下，将氧化锌、二苯胍、氟硅酸钠和油酸钾混合搅拌20～30min，得混合料2。
（3）将混合料1和混合料2混合，于20～30℃条件下机械搅拌，得均匀的乳剂。
（4）将乳剂进行物理发泡1～5h，然后倒入模具中100～150℃环境温度下固化，得到石墨烯复合胶乳海绵。
3、石墨烯复合胶乳海绵性能测试：
采用《QB/T1952.2-2004 软体家具 弹簧软床垫》所述方法，对上例制得的海绵性进行测试，结果：硬度30～45Kpa，回弹性90～95%，拉伸强度150～200kPa。
另外，下表为石墨烯复合胶乳海绵和未添加石墨烯改进剂的胶乳海绵的性能对比表：
| 石墨烯复合胶乳海绵 | 未添加石墨烯改进剂的胶乳海绵 | |
| 密度 | 0.08-0.09 g/cm3 | 0.075-0.085 g/cm3 |
| 硬度 | 30-45 Kpa | 25-30 Kpa |
| 回弹性 | 90-95% | 80-90% |
| 拉伸强度 | 150-200kPa | 100-150 kPa |
由上表可见，与未添加石墨烯改进剂的胶乳海绵相比，石墨烯复合胶乳海绵的硬度、回弹性和拉伸强度均有提升。
Claims (7)
1.一种石墨烯复合胶乳海绵的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
1）超声条件下，将天然乳胶、石墨烯改进剂、硫磺和水混合；超声条件下，将氧化锌、二苯胍、氟硅酸钠和油酸钾混合；
2）将以上两种混合物再混合，得均匀的乳剂；
3）将乳剂进行物理发泡后置于模具有固化，脱模，得石墨烯复合胶乳海绵。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于所述天然乳胶、石墨烯改进剂、硫磺、氧化锌、二苯胍、氟硅酸钠和油酸钾的混合质量比为100∶0.5～8∶0.5～5∶0.5～5∶0.1～1∶0.5～10∶0.1～2。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于所述步骤1）中，混合时的温度条件为20～25℃，超声功率为300W。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于所述步骤2）中，混合条件为20～30℃机械搅拌。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于所述步骤3）中，发泡的时间为1～5h，固化的温度条件为100～150℃。
6.根据权利要求1或2或3或4或5所述的制备方法，其特征在于所述石墨烯改进剂的制备方法是：
1）采用Hummer 法对石墨粉进行氧化得到氧化石墨烯；
2）超声条件、于20～30℃温度条件下，将氧化石墨烯、十八烷基磺酸钠和水混合，制得氧化石墨烯水溶液；
3）将氧化石墨烯水溶液冷冻干燥，得石墨烯改进剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法，其特征在于所述氧化石墨烯、十八烷基磺酸钠和水的混合质量比为10～20∶0.5～8∶30～40。
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| CN107744283A (zh) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-03-02 | 青岛裕王智能科技床业有限公司 | 一种石墨烯生物硅藻海绵床垫 |
| CN108892806A (zh) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-27 | 扬州大学 | 胶乳海绵负载石墨烯的制备方法 |
| CN110144059A (zh) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-20 | 陈松 | 一种氧化石墨烯复合天然胶乳海绵的制备方法 |
| CN113292739A (zh) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-08-24 | 广东航迈新材料科技有限公司 | 一种高石墨烯浓度乳胶的生产方法 |
| CN115304830A (zh) * | 2021-05-06 | 2022-11-08 | 江苏爱德福乳胶制品有限公司 | 一种石墨烯/天然乳胶复合材料制备方法 |
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