CN106938506A - A kind of fast-clamping clamp of the natural former beautiful processing of suitable complicated shape - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fast clamping fixture suitable for complex-shaped natural raw jade processing, which includes a fixture base and a clamping mechanism. The fixture base is composed of a bottom plate and a plurality of side plates arranged on the bottom plate and surrounded by polygons. A stable frame structure is formed; at least one or two adjacent side plates are provided with a clamping mechanism, and the position of the clamping mechanism is adjusted and fixed through the threaded holes on the side plates; the clamping mechanism of the clamping mechanism The head, together with other side plates and bottom plates that are not equipped with clamping mechanisms, restrict the movement of the clamped parts in the X, Y and Z directions. The invention effectively solves the problems of difficult clamping, difficult positioning of the surface to be processed, difficult guarantee of clamping stability, low efficiency of parts replacement, high clamping labor intensity and the like in the processing of natural raw jade.

Description

A Quick Clamping Fixture Suitable for Processing of Complex Shaped Natural Raw Jade

technical field

The invention relates to a fixture, in particular to a quick clamping fixture suitable for processing natural raw jade with complex shapes. It belongs to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing.

Background technique

Natural raw jade with complex shapes has high aesthetic value and practical value, so it is often processed into ornaments. However, natural raw jade with complex shapes is often formed naturally in nature. The main chemical composition is mainly silicon dioxide, followed by a small amount of iron oxide and trace amounts of manganese, copper, etc., which determines that the shape of natural raw jade with complex shapes is irregular and the material is irregular The characteristics of uniformity and high hardness; secondly, the processing of natural raw jade with complex shapes also has the characteristics of individualization and small batches. These characteristics and characteristics of natural raw jade make it difficult to be clamped and processed.

At present, in the field of stone processing, the processing of stone mainly stays on stones with relatively regular shapes, such as the processing of flat stones, cylindrical stones, and spherical stones. The fixtures in stone processing mainly use conventional chucks, briquetting blocks, and tiger General-purpose clamps such as pliers. However, for Tuojiang jade with complex shape, irregularity, uniqueness, and low surface roughness, the position of the surface to be processed varies greatly, and it is impossible to use conventional universal fixtures such as chucks, briquetting blocks, and vices for positioning. First of all, the clamping of Tuojiang jade is difficult, and the reliability of clamping is difficult to guarantee, especially in batch processing, there are problems such as low part replacement efficiency and high clamping labor intensity; secondly, the spindle has a relatively high speed during finishing machining. It is more than 20000r/s, and it is very easy to generate vibration to cause the movement and rotation of the rough stone, which is easy to cause processing accidents.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a quick clamping fixture suitable for the processing of complex-shaped natural raw jade, to solve the problems of convenient clamping, safety and reliability, and to meet the needs of complex-shaped natural raw jade during the processing process. Improve clamping efficiency and avoid processing accidents.

To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a fast clamping fixture suitable for processing natural raw jade with complex shapes, including a fixture base and a clamping mechanism, the fixture base is formed by a base plate and is arranged on the base plate and surrounds it. It is composed of a plurality of polygonal side plates to form a stable frame structure; at least one or two adjacent side plates are provided with a clamping mechanism, and the position of the clamping mechanism is adjusted and adjusted through the threaded holes on the side plates. Fixed; the clamping head of the clamping mechanism, together with other side plates and bottom plates not equipped with the clamping mechanism, restrict the movement of the clamped piece in the X, Y and Z directions.

Further, the clamping mechanism is composed of a universal support and a screw rod, the universal support includes a spherical mandrel and a spherical sleeve, one end of the spherical mandrel is 3/4 spherical, and the spherical part and the spherical sleeve are spherically fitted connection (with a small interference fit) and a non-slip layer on the top of the spherical sleeve.

Further, the inner side of the other side plates and the bottom plate without the clamping mechanism are provided with flexible pads, which form a small curved surface contact when in contact with the parts, limit the freedom of movement and rotation of the parts in the X and Y directions, and limit the Z axis. Rotation degree, and protect the surface of the part from damage due to clamping.

Further, there are multiple threaded holes, which are respectively arranged in different horizontal directions and different height directions of the side plate, so as to be flexibly adjusted in the horizontal and/or height directions according to the shape or size of the clamped part.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The invention adopts a stable clamp base and a conveniently adjustable clamping mechanism, especially through the arbitrary adjustment of the top angle of the universal supporter, and the extension length can be adjusted arbitrarily, which can adapt to complex natural structures with different shapes and large size changes. The rough stone, and the positioning and clamping parts of the natural rough stone with complex shapes are all in contact with flexible pads. The flexible pads will convert from point contact to surface contact under the action of clamping force, which improves the clamping stability and will not damage the surface of the workpiece. .

2. During the clamping process, the rotating hand wheel can be used to quickly clamp and loosen the workpiece. Due to the self-locking property of the thread, the overall clamping process can be completed only by hand, and the clamping efficiency is high and the clamping is reliable.

3. The structure is simple, the operability is strong, and the manufacturing cost is low, so that the clamping efficiency is high.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the bottom plate in Embodiment 1.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1: Referring to FIG. 1 , a quick clamping fixture suitable for processing natural raw jade with complex shapes includes a fixture base 1 and a clamping mechanism 2 . The fixture base 1 is composed of a base plate 11 and four side plates 12 arranged on the base plate and forming a rectangle, forming a stable frame structure. Wherein, at least any two adjacent side plates are provided with a clamping mechanism 2, and the position of the clamping mechanism 2 is adjusted and fixed through the threaded hole 3 located on the side plate; The other side plates not equipped with the clamping mechanism 2 and the bottom plate 11 jointly restrict the movement of the clamped part in X, Y and Z directions.

One, two or three clamping mechanisms 2 are arranged on the bottom plate 11 .

The clamping mechanism 2 is composed of a universal support 21 and a screw 22. The universal support 21 includes a spherical mandrel and a spherical sleeve. One end of the spherical mandrel is 3/4 spherical, and the spherical part passes through the spherical sleeve. Spherical fit connection (the fit is small interference), and a first flexible pad 4 is also provided on the top of the spherical sleeve. The inner side of the other side plates without clamping mechanism and the bottom plate are provided with a second flexible cushion layer 5, which forms a small curved surface contact when in contact with the parts, restricts the freedom of movement and rotation of the parts in the X and Y directions, and limits the Z Shaft rotation degree, and protect the surface of the part from damage due to clamping. There are a plurality of threaded holes 3 for installing the clamping mechanism 2 on the side plate, which are evenly arranged in the horizontal direction and/or height direction respectively, and the quantity of the clamping mechanism 2 is selected according to the shape and size of the clamped part, and make Adjust the clamping mechanism horizontally and vertically. In order to facilitate clamping, the end of the screw 22 is also provided with a rotating hand wheel 5 .

The base plate 11 is provided with a "U" shaped groove 13 that runs through the thickness direction of the base plate, and the "U" shaped groove 13 is symmetrically arranged on the two lateral sides of the base plate 11. The slots are secured by screw connections. In addition, the side plate 12 of the installation and clamping mechanism is provided with viewing strip holes for saving material and weight.

Embodiment 2: (figure omitted), a quick clamping fixture suitable for processing natural raw jade with complex shapes, including a fixture base and a clamping mechanism. The fixture base is composed of a bottom plate and three side plates arranged on the bottom plate and forming a triangle, forming a stable frame structure. Wherein, any side plate is provided with a clamping mechanism, and the clamping mechanism is composed of a universal support and a screw rod, and the screw rod passes through the threaded hole and is perpendicular to the side plate, and the position is adjusted by the and fixed; the clamping head of the clamping mechanism 2 together with the other side plates and the bottom plate 11 not equipped with the clamping mechanism limit the movement of the clamped piece in the X, Y and Z directions.

Embodiment 3: (figures omitted), a quick clamping fixture suitable for complex-shaped natural raw jade processing, including a fixture body and a telescopic mechanism, the fixture is a polygonal hollow structure, and the upper part is an open structure to form The storage opening for placing the workpiece to be clamped is provided with a telescopic mechanism on at least two sides of the fixture body that are perpendicular to the plane where the storage opening is located and adjacent to each other. The working direction of the telescopic mechanism is perpendicular to The surface where it is located points to the inside of the fixture body. A universal support is connected to the inner end of the telescopic mechanism. The telescopic mechanism pushes the universal support to move along the working direction of the telescopic mechanism so that the universal support is the same as the universal support The opposite surface and the surface far away from the storage opening jointly form a variable-sized clamping space, and flexible pads are arranged on the surface opposite to the universal support and the inner end surface of the universal support.

By adjusting the telescopic amount of the telescopic mechanism, the size of the clamping space formed between the universal support and the clamp body is variable, so that the entire clamp can adapt to workpieces of different sizes and has better applicability. Secondly, flexible pads are arranged on the surface opposite to the universal support and the inner end surface of the universal support. The workpiece to be clamped is in direct contact with the flexible pad, and under the action of the clamping force, the flexible pad on the universal support and the flexible pad connected to the fixture body deform to form a curved surface that matches the outer surface of the clamped workpiece , The point contact between the clamped workpiece and the universal support and the clamped workpiece and the fixture body are changed from point contact to surface contact, thereby increasing the acceptance area of the clamped workpiece. The clamping rigidity of the clamped workpiece can be increased, the reliability of the clamping can be increased, and the clamped workpiece can not be loosened due to cutting vibration, which is safer and more reliable. It can also protect the workpiece, and the surface of the workpiece in contact with the fixture is not easily damaged, which is conducive to maintaining the integrity of the workpiece and improving the processing quality. The angle of the top end of the universal support can be adjusted arbitrarily, and the extension length can be adjusted arbitrarily, which can adapt to complex workpieces with different shapes and sizes. The universal support has the function of automatically adjusting the position, which can quickly and efficiently clamp the workpiece. It can also improve the clamping efficiency.

Example 4: In this specific implementation, the fixture body includes a horizontally arranged bottom plate, two long side plates connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate and arranged at intervals in the transverse direction, and two long side plates connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate and arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction. The short side plate, the bottom plate, the long side plate and the short side plate together form a working space for placing the clamped workpiece, and the end of the working space away from the bottom plate is used for placing the clamped workpiece The telescoping mechanism is a screw connected to a set of mutually perpendicular long side plates and short side plates. One end of the screw extends into the working space and connects with the universal support. The screw pushes the universal support. The axial movement of the universal support along the screw makes a clamping space of variable size formed between the universal support and another set of long side plates and short side plates, and a set of clamping spaces opposite to the universal support and perpendicular to each other Flexible pads are arranged on the inner sides of the long side boards and the short side boards.

In this way, the structure of the fixture body is simpler, all of which are plates, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing, and the position of the working space of the fixture body is more reasonable. The telescopic device is a screw connected to a group of long and short side plates perpendicular to each other. The telescopic device has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The screw can be directly rotated to adjust the size of the clamping space. By adjusting the size of the clamping space to suit For the clamping of workpieces to be clamped with different shapes and sizes, after the workpiece is clamped, the screw rod can be turned to adjust the clamping force so that the clamped workpiece can adapt to different cutting processes. The whole clamping operation process is simple and efficient, and the disassembly is convenient and quick after the processing is completed. A flexible pad is provided on the inner side of another group of mutually perpendicular long side plates and short side plates on the fixture body. When the clamped workpiece is clamped, the workpiece is always in contact with the flexible pad. During the process of being clamped, the workpiece is deformed by force to form a curved surface matching the clamped surface on the workpiece. In this way, the workpiece changes from point contact to surface contact during clamping, which increases the reliability of clamping and makes the clamped workpiece It will not loosen due to cutting vibration, which is safer and more reliable. It can also protect the workpiece, and the surface of the workpiece in contact with the fixture is not easily damaged, which is beneficial to maintain the integrity of the workpiece. Of course, during specific implementation, the telescopic mechanism can be an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electronic push rod, and there can be multiple screw rods threaded to the long side plates and multiple screw rods threaded to the short side plates, which also belong to the scope of implementation of the device. .

In this specific embodiment, a plurality of threaded holes are provided on the long side plate connected with the screw rod and at least two screws are threaded into the threaded holes on the long side plate, and a screw hole is also provided on the short side plate connected with the screw rod. There are a plurality of threaded holes and at least two screw rods are threadedly connected in the threaded holes on the short side plate.

In this way, by using different numbers of universal supports, the workpiece can be in contact with more universal supports, which can make the positioning of the entire fixture more accurate and improve the reliability of the fixture. Of course, in specific implementation, a strip-shaped hole with a stepped cross-section can be set on a group of adjacent long side plates and short side plates, and the slider is slidably connected in the strip-shaped hole, and the screw is threaded to the slider, which also belongs to The range in which this device can be implemented.

In this specific embodiment, the outer end of the screw rod 2 extends to the outside of the working space and a hand wheel 5 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the screw rod 2 . In this way, the handle can be used to quickly clamp and loosen the workpiece during the clamping process. Due to the self-locking property of the thread, the overall clamping process can be completed only by hand, and the clamping efficiency is high and the clamping is reliable. The operation is more convenient and labor-saving. Of course, in actual implementation, the outer end of the screw rod can be bent to form a handle for power input, which also belongs to the applicable range of the device.

The bottom plate 11 is provided with a "U"-shaped groove 111 that runs through the thickness direction of the bottom plate. Between the longitudinally distributed "U"-shaped grooves 111. In this way, it is convenient to install the whole set of fixtures on the workbench of the machine tool for clamping, so that the whole set of fixtures has better popularization.

In this specific embodiment, the long side plate connected with the screw is provided with a racetrack-shaped longitudinal hole penetrating through the thickness direction of the long side plate, and the short side plate connected with the screw is provided with a longitudinal hole penetrating through the thickness direction of the short side plate. A racetrack-shaped transverse hole, and both the longitudinal hole and the transverse hole are two. In this way, while reducing the weight of the whole set of fixtures, it is also convenient to observe the clamping situation of the workpiece. Certainly, during specific implementation, square holes or round holes can be provided on the long side plates and the short side plates, which also belong to the implementable scope of the device.

In this specific embodiment, a racetrack-shaped cut-out part penetrating through the thickness direction of the bottom plate is provided in the area corresponding to the working space on the bottom plate, and the projection of the cut-out part on the horizontal plane is perpendicular to the projection of the backing plate on the horizontal plane. In this way, the consumables of the backing plate can be minimized to achieve the purpose of reducing the weight, and secondly, it is also convenient to remove chips.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of fast-clamping clamp of the natural former beautiful processing of suitable complicated shape, including clamp base（1）And clamping device （2）, it is characterised in that the clamp base（1）By base plate（11）With on base plate and surround polygonal multiple side plates （12）Constitute, form stable frame structure；One piece of wherein at least or adjacent two blocks of side plates are provided with clamping device（2）, it is described Clamping device（2）Pass through the screwed hole on side plate（3）Carry out position adjustment and fixation；The clamping device（2）Chuck With not installing clamping device（2）Other side plates（12）And base plate（11）Common limitation is moved by folder in X, Y and Z-direction.

2. it is adapted to the fast-clamping clamp of the natural former beautiful processing of complicated shape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Base plate（11）On also be provided with clamping device（2）.

3. the fast-clamping clamp of the natural former beautiful processing of suitable complicated shape according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that It is described to be located at base plate（11）With respective face side plate（12）On clamping device（2）For 1-3.

4. the fast-clamping clamp of the natural former beautiful processing of suitable complicated shape according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that The clamping device（2）By Universal support device（21）And screw rod（22）Constitute, the Universal support device（21）Including spherical push rod With spherical sleeve, spherical push rod one end is 3/4 spherical, and head is connected with spherical sleeve by spherical, in spherical set Cylinder top is additionally provided with flexible cushion block（4）.

5. it is adapted to the fast-clamping clamp of the natural former beautiful processing of complicated shape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described It is fitted without clamping device（2）Other side plate interior sides and base plate（11）Provided with flexible cushion block（4）, formed during with feature contacts Small curved face contact, X, Y-direction one-movement-freedom-degree, rotational freedom and the limitation Z axis degrees of rotation of limit feature, and protect part Surface will not be damaged because of when clamping.

6. it is adapted to the fast-clamping clamp of the natural former beautiful processing of complicated shape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Screwed hole（3）To be multiple, installation clamping device is separately positioned on（2）Side plate on, and in varying level direction and different height Direction is uniformly arranged, flexibly to select clamping device in level and/or short transverse according to by the shape or size of folder（2） Quantity and position adjustments.

7. it is adapted to the fast-clamping clamp of the natural former beautiful processing of complicated shape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Screw rod（22）Termination be additionally provided with rotation handwheel（5）.

8. a kind of fast-clamping clamp of the natural former beautiful processing of suitable complicated shape as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that institute State base plate（11）On be provided through the " u "-shaped groove in base plate thickness direction（13）, " u "-shaped groove（13）It is symmetricly set in base plate （11）Two horizontal edge, base plate（11）U-type groove and the T-slot of lathe working face be connected by screw rod.

9. a kind of fast-clamping clamp of the natural former beautiful processing of suitable complicated shape as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that institute State installation clamping device（2）Side plate（12）Provided with observation bar hole and for saving material and loss of weight.