CN106923887B - Pedicle cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a pedicle cutter, comprising: a wire saw expander (100) and a wire saw guide (200); the proximal end of the wiresaw expander (100) is connected with the distal end of the wiresaw guide (200); the wiresaw expander (100) has a left guide channel (101) and a right guide channel (102) such that a wiresaw passing through the left guide channel and the right guide channel in sequence can bypass and cut the pedicle at an angle of distraction. In total vertebrotomy, cutting the pedicle while avoiding damage to the nerve root and the dura mater sac has been a surgical difficulty. According to the invention, the wire saw can cut and cut the pedicle of the vertebra at the external expansion angle, so that the pulling force required to be applied by a doctor is greatly reduced, the situation that the wire saw is clamped or broken is effectively avoided, the dura mater and nerve roots are protected, and the doctor can alternately pull and apply force to the two ends of the wire saw at the external expansion angle, so that the operation difficulty and the operation time are greatly reduced.

Description

pedicle cutter

technical field

The present invention relates to surgical instruments and, in particular, to pedicle cutters.

Background technique

The pedicle is a part of the vertebral arch. It starts from the posterior upper part of the vertebral body. It is short and thick. It protrudes backward perpendicular to the direction of the vertebral body and fuses with the vertebral body, articular process and lamina. The pedicle is the intervertebral foramen. There is a shallow notch above it that forms the lower wall of the intervertebral foramen, and a deep inferior notch below the pedicle forms the upper wall of the intervertebral foramen. For the surgical treatment of spinal tumors, intracapsular resection or tumor curettage is often performed, but recurrence usually occurs early after surgery. In order to maximize the local cure rate of spinal tumors and the survival rate of patients, it involves how to achieve extensive or marginal resection of spinal tumors. Among them, the amputation of the pedicle lacks corresponding instruments. In the past, the wire saw was often used to cut the pedicle directly. The sharp increase in cutting resistance makes it difficult for the doctor to move the wire saw, and the wire saw is likely to get stuck in the pedicle, resulting in increased operation time and difficulty. There is also a method of using a pedicle chisel to cut off the pedicle, but the risk of damage to the dural sac and nerve roots is relatively high.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a pedicle cutter.

A pedicle cutter provided according to the present invention includes: a wire saw dilator and a wire saw guide;

The proximal end of the wire saw dilator is connected to the distal end of the wire saw guide;

The wire saw dilator has a left guide channel and a right guide channel, so that the wire saw passing through the left guide channel and the right guide channel in turn can circumvent and cut the pedicle at an outward expansion angle.

Preferably, a wire saw is included, wherein the wire saw includes a left part of the wire saw and a right part of the wire saw;

The left part of the wire saw passes through the wire saw guide and the left guide channel;

The right side of the jigsaw is partially threaded into the jigsaw guide, right guide channel.

Preferably, the width between the left guide channel and the right guide channel is greater than the width of the wire saw guide.

Preferably, the wire saw expander and the wire saw guide are detachably connected, the wire saw guide has a hollow guide channel, and a guide column extending in the axial direction is arranged in the hollow guide channel; the hollow guide channel is flat; Both the left part of the wire saw and the right part of the wire saw pass through the hollow guide channel and are arranged on the left and right sides of the guide column.

Preferably, the wire saw dilator includes a dilator housing, a rotating disk, and a rotating shaft;

The rotating disk is installed inside the dilator shell through the rotating shaft;

The gap between the left end of the rotating disk and the left inner wall of the dilator housing forms the left guide channel;

The gap between the right end of the rotating disk and the right inner wall of the dilator housing forms the right guide channel;

The distal end surface of the dilator shell is a concave arc surface.

Preferably, the rotating disk includes an upper rotating disk, a middle rotating disk and a lower rotating disk;

Coaxial setting among the upper turntable, middle turntable and lower turntable;

The diameter of the upper rotating disk is equal to the diameter of the lower rotating disk, and is slightly smaller than the width between the inner wall on the left side of the dilator housing and the inner wall on the right side of the dilator housing;

The diameter of the middle turntable is smaller than the diameter of the upper turntable;

The gap between the left end of the turntable and the left inner wall of the dilator housing forms the left guide channel;

The gap between the right end of the rotating disc and the right inner wall of the dilator shell forms the right guide channel.

Preferably, the distal end of the left inner wall of the dilator housing is provided with a left ferrule, and the distal end of the right inner wall of the dilator housing is provided with a right ferrule;

The left ferrule and the right ferrule are both perpendicular to the direction of the far and near ends;

The middle part of the left inner wall of the dilator shell is smoothly connected to the outer section of the left ferrule through the left concave arc surface;

The middle part of the right inner wall of the dilator housing is smoothly connected to the outer section of the right ferrule through the right concave arc surface

The wire saw is stretched by the inner section of the left ferrule and the inner section of the right ferrule to form an outward expansion angle.

Preferably, the proximal port of the wire saw guide is a bell mouth;

The left and right inner walls of the wire saw guide are respectively provided with a left guide groove and a right guide groove matching the wire saw;

Both the left guide groove and the right guide groove extend from the far end of the wire saw guide to the expansion opening of the bell mouth.

Preferably, the wire saw includes a left pull ring, a left steel wire segment, a cutting segment, a right steel wire segment, and a right pull ring connected in sequence;

Both the left pull ring and the right pull ring are covered with grip sleeves, and the grip sleeves are made of elastic materials;

The surfaces of the left steel wire section and the right steel wire section are smooth.

Preferably, both the middle part of the left steel wire segment and the middle part of the right steel wire segment extend with multiple convex rings.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

In the present invention, the wire saw can cut and truncate the pedicle at an outward expansion angle, so that the pulling force that the doctor needs to apply is greatly reduced, effectively avoiding the situation that the wire saw is stuck or pulled off, and the doctor's hands can also Alternately pull and apply force to both ends of the wire saw at the outward expansion angle, which greatly reduces the operation difficulty and operation time. The invention can adjust the direction of the operation and facilitate the implementation of the operation.

Description of drawings

Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the cutting angles of the wire saw in the prior art.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the pedicle cutter provided by the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a view along the direction A-A in Fig. 3 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the wire saw hidden in FIG. 4 .

Fig. 6 is a view along B-B direction in Fig. 3 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the wire saw hidden in FIG. 6 .

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the distal end of the wire saw dilator in a preferred example.

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the wire saw.

Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the raised ring on the wire saw.

The figure shows:

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Firstly, the disadvantages of the pedicle amputation scheme in the prior art will be described. As shown in FIG. 1 , after the wire saw 300 bypasses the pedicle 900 , the two ends of the wire saw 300 are pulled back and forth by the doctor, so that the wire saw 300 cuts off the pedicle 900 . However, due to reasons such as the size of the wound, the part of the wire saw 300 in the hands of the doctor is often parallel, and the left and right parts of the wire saw 300 near the pedicle 900 are also parallel, which leads to two shortcomings. On the one hand, it is difficult for the doctor to apply force in a parallel direction with both hands. On the other hand, what is more serious is that the cutting resistance between the wire saw 300 and the pedicle 900 is relatively large, which often causes the wire saw 300 to be stuck in the pedicle 900 and cannot be pulled out, or even the wire saw 300 is broken. In some cases, as shown in FIG. 2 , the cutting resistance is greater than in the case of FIG. 1 .

It should be noted that, in practice, the wire saw 300 should be in contact with the pedicle 900 before cutting, but in order to clearly show the shape of the wire saw 300 in the figure and avoid overlap between the lines, the wires are deliberately drawn in the figure. The position of the saw 300 is slightly moved to avoid overlapping with other lines, which does not affect the essence of the present invention.

For this reason, the inventors created the present invention based on the experience of the operation. In order to reduce the operation difficulty and operation time, the present invention provides a pedicle cutter. In the present invention, the wire saw can cut and truncate the pedicle at an outward expansion angle, so that the pulling force that the doctor needs to apply is greatly reduced, effectively avoiding the situation that the wire saw is stuck or pulled off, and the doctor's hands can also Alternately pull and apply force to both ends of the wire saw at the outward expansion angle, which greatly reduces the operation difficulty and operation time.

The pedicle cutter provided by the present invention will be described below.

A pedicle cutter provided according to the present invention includes: a wire saw expander 100, a wire saw guide 200, and a wire saw 300; the proximal end of the wire saw expander 100 is connected to the distal end of the wire saw guide 200; The saw dilator 100 has a left guide channel 101 and a right guide channel 102, so that the wire saw 300 passing through the left guide channel 101 and the right guide channel 102 in turn can circumvent and cut the pedicle 900 at an outward expansion angle. The wire saw 300 includes a wire saw left part 301 and a wire saw right part 302; the wire saw left part 301 passes through the wire saw guide 200 and the left guide channel 101; , in the guide channel 102 on the right side. The width between the left guide channel 101 and the right guide channel 102 is greater than the width of the wire saw guide 200 . The wire saw expander 100 is connected to the wire saw guide 200 in a detachable manner. The wire saw guide 200 has a hollow guide channel 201, and a guide post 202 extending in the axial direction is arranged in the hollow guide channel 201; the hollow guide channel 201 It is flat; the left part 301 of the wire saw and the right part 302 of the wire saw pass through the hollow guide channel 201 and are arranged on the left and right sides of the guide column 202 .

The wire saw expander 100 includes an expander housing 103, a rotating disc 104, and a rotating shaft 105; the rotating disc 104 is installed inside the expander housing 103 through the rotating shaft 105; the gap between the left end 1041 of the rotating disc and the left inner wall 1031 of the expander housing The left guide channel 101 is formed; the gap between the right end 1042 of the rotating disc and the right inner wall 1032 of the dilator housing forms the right guide channel 102 ; the distal surface of the dilator housing 103 is a concave arc surface 1030 . The rotating disk 104 includes an upper rotating disk 1043, a middle rotating disk 1044, and a lower rotating disk 1045; the upper rotating disk 1043, the middle rotating disk 1044, and the lower rotating disk 1045 are coaxially arranged; the diameter of the upper rotating disk 1043 is equal to that of the lower rotating disk 1045, and is slightly smaller than the diameter of the expanded Width between the inner wall 1031 on the left side of the device housing and the inner wall 1032 on the right side of the dilator housing; the diameter of the middle rotating disc 1044 is less than the diameter of the upper rotating disc 1043; The left guide channel 101; the gap between the right end of the rotating disc 1044 and the right inner wall 1032 of the dilator housing forms the right guide channel 102. The far end of the left inner wall 1031 of the dilator housing is provided with a left ferrule 106, and the far end of the right inner wall 1032 of the dilator housing is provided with a right ferrule 107; the left ferrule 106 and the right ferrule 107 are both perpendicular to the direction of the far and near ends; The middle part of the left inner wall 1031 of the dilator housing is smoothly connected to the outer section 1061 of the left ferrule through the left concave arc surface 108; the middle part of the right inner wall 1032 of the dilator housing is smoothly connected to the outer section 1071 of the right ferrule through the right concave arc surface 109 The saw 300 is braced by the inner section of the left ferrule and the inner section of the right ferrule to form an outward expansion angle.

The proximal port of the wire saw guide 200 is a bell mouth 203; the left and right inner walls of the wire saw guide 200 are respectively provided with a left guide groove 204 and a right guide groove 205 matching with the wire saw 300; The guide slots 205 extend from the distal end of the wire saw guide 200 to the expansion opening of the bell mouth 203 .

The wire saw 300 comprises a left pull ring 303, a left steel wire segment 304, a cutting segment 305, a right steel wire segment 306, and a right pull ring 307 connected in sequence; The sleeve 308 is made of elastic material; the surfaces of the left steel wire section 304 and the right steel wire section 306 are smooth. Multiple convex rings 309 extend from the middle of the left steel wire section 304 and the middle of the right steel wire section 306 .

The working principle of the present invention will be described below.

As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the wire saw 300 enters the wire saw guide 200 from the bell mouth 203, passes through the left guide groove 204, exits the wire saw guide 200, and then enters the left guide channel 101. Under the guidance of the surface 108, pass through the left ferrule 106, and then the wire saw 300 bypasses the pedicle 900 and penetrates into the right ferrule 107, and passes through the right guide channel 102 under the guidance of the right concave arc surface 109, and then Then pass through the right guide groove 205 and pass through the bell mouth 203 . The doctor pulls the wire saw 300 back and forth in the proximal direction of the bell mouth 203. Since the width distance between the left guide channel 101 and the right guide channel 102 is greater than the length of the long axis of the pedicle, the wire saw 300 can be expanded outwards. Angle around and cut 900 of the pedicle. After the doctor pulls the jigsaw 300, the jigsaw 300 drives the rotating disk 104 to rotate, thereby reducing the friction force of the jigsaw 300 on the extension path while maintaining the outward expansion angle of the jigsaw. Wherein, the jigsaw 300 is provided with a protruding ring 309, if the doctor pulls the jigsaw 300 for a long one-way length, the protruding ring 309 will rub against the edge of the bell mouth 203 and make a sound, thereby serving as a reminder.

Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. In the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims (4)

1. A pedicle cutter, comprising: a wire saw expander (100) and a wire saw guide (200);

the proximal end of the wiresaw expander (100) is connected with the distal end of the wiresaw guide (200);

the wiresaw expander (100) is provided with a left guide channel (101) and a right guide channel (102), so that the wiresaw (300) sequentially passing through the left guide channel (101) and the right guide channel (102) can bypass and cut the vertebral pedicle (900) at an external expansion angle;

comprises a wire saw (300), wherein the wire saw (300) comprises a wire saw left side part (301) and a wire saw right side part (302);

a wire saw left side part (301) is threaded in the wire saw guide (200) and the left side guide channel (101);

a wire saw right side part (302) passes through the wire saw guide (200) and the right side guide channel (102);

the width between the left guide channel (101) and the right guide channel (102) is larger than the width of the wire saw guide (200);

the wire saw expander (100) is detachably connected with the wire saw guide (200), the wire saw guide (200) is provided with a hollow guide channel (201), and a guide post (202) extending along the axial direction is arranged in the hollow guide channel (201); the hollow guide channel (201) is flat; the wire saw left side part (301) and the wire saw right side part (302) are respectively penetrated in the hollow guide channel (201) and are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the guide post (202);

the fretsaw expander (100) comprises an expander shell (103), a rotating disc (104) and a rotating shaft (105);

the rotating disc (104) is arranged inside the expander shell (103) through a rotating shaft (105);

the gap between the left end (1041) of the rotating disc and the left inner wall (1031) of the expander shell forms the left guide channel (101);

the gap between the right end (1042) of the rotating disc and the right inner wall (1032) of the expander housing forms the right guide channel (102);

the distal end surface of the expander shell (103) is a concave cambered surface (1030);

the rotating disk (104) comprises an upper rotating disk (1043), a rotating disk (1044) and a lower rotating disk (1045);

the upper rotary disc (1043), the middle rotary disc (1044) and the lower rotary disc (1045) are coaxially arranged;

the diameter of the upper turntable (1043) is equal to that of the lower turntable (1045) and is slightly smaller than the width between the left inner wall (1031) of the expander housing and the right inner wall (1032) of the expander housing;

the diameter of the middle rotary disk (1044) is smaller than that of the upper rotary disk (1043);

the gap between the left end of the middle rotary disc (1044) and the left inner wall (1031) of the expander shell forms the left guide channel (101);

the gap between the right end of the middle rotary disc (1044) and the right inner wall (1032) of the expander shell forms the right guide channel (102);

the distal end of the left inner wall (1031) of the expander shell is provided with a left ferrule (106), and the distal end of the right inner wall (1032) of the expander shell is provided with a right ferrule (107);

a left ferrule (106), a right ferrule (107) are perpendicular to the far and near end directions;

the middle part of the left inner wall (1031) of the expander shell is smoothly connected to the outer section (1061) of the left ferrule through a left concave cambered surface (108);

the middle part of the right inner wall (1032) of the expander shell is smoothly connected to the outer section (1071) of the right ferrule through a right concave cambered surface (109)

The wire saw (300) is spread by the left ferrule inner section and the right ferrule inner section to an outward spread angle.

2. The pedicle cutter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the proximal port of the wiresaw guide (200) is a flare (203);

left and right inner walls of the wire saw guide (200) are respectively provided with a left guide groove (204) and a right guide groove (205) matched with the wire saw (300);

the left guide groove (204) and the right guide groove (205) are extended from the distal end of the wire saw guide (200) to the expansion opening of the bell mouth (203).

3. The pedicle cutter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the jigsaw (300) comprises a left pull ring (303), a left wire segment (304), a cutting segment (305), a right wire segment (306), a right pull ring (307) connected in sequence;

the left pull ring (303) and the right pull ring (307) are sleeved with a holding sleeve (308), and the holding sleeve (308) is made of elastic materials;

the surfaces of the left steel wire section (304) and the right steel wire section (306) are smooth.

4. A pedicle cutter as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the central parts of the left wire section (304) and the central parts of the right wire section (306) are each extended with a plurality of raised annular ridges (309).

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