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CN1069258C - 关于带压盖之容器的制造方法的改进 - Google Patents

关于带压盖之容器的制造方法的改进 Download PDF

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CN1069258C
CN1069258C CN96198694A CN96198694A CN1069258C CN 1069258 C CN1069258 C CN 1069258C CN 96198694 A CN96198694 A CN 96198694A CN 96198694 A CN96198694 A CN 96198694A CN 1069258 C CN1069258 C CN 1069258C
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查尔斯·乔纳森·布里顿
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Abstract

利用热塑性材料来制造一种容器，它的制造过程分为两个步骤。第一步，通过注射成型形成一预型件(1)，其中的模具部件很容易将一管状壳体(2)拆卸下来，这个管状壳体(2)具有一个封闭端，并在开口端有一向外突出的边缘。第二步，对仍很热的预型件进行吹塑加工，有可能还进行一些初始的机械拉伸，加工时将吹管(13)放入管状壳体(2)的开口端，并用开口端边缘的外部件(7)来固定预型件(1)。管状壳体(2)的壁发生延伸，并迅速在开口端的下面向外延伸，从而与边缘的内部件(5)的底面融合在一起。因此，最终形成的容器具有一个由内嵌凸缘所形成的开口。这种容器可以制造成在其开口的周围具有一滴水槽的涂料桶的形式。

Description

关于带压盖之容器的制造方法的改进
本发明是涉及容器，尤其涉及象听桶这种具有内压盖子的容器的制造方法，通过以容器的边缘作为支点能将容器的盖子撬出。传统的方法是利用金属来制造这种容器，并且这种用金属制造的容器被广泛地用来盛装如涂料、巧克力饮料及谷粉等内装物质。
目前已经有利用塑料来制造这种容器，迄今，它们是通过将两个单个的模件焊接在一起。采用这种两件结构形式的原因是顶部的凸缘或边缘向内突出。如果采用已知的注射模塑法来制造容器，就不可能撤出内部的型芯。因为开口太小，不能允许通过任何形式的可压扁的插件从开口通过。采用吹塑法是一个解决的方案，但是，凸缘的问题仍未得到解决。
本发明的目的是要克服这些困难，使得这种容器能采用吹塑法来制造。
根据本发明提供了一种制造容器的方法，容器的入口置有一个从相邻的容器壁嵌置的开口，制造容器用的材料在受热时容易产生变形，其中在第一个步骤中，制造出一个雏形容器，这个雏形容器具有一个圆环，这个圆环限定了基本上是最终形状的开口，雏形容器的其余部分用于形成容器壁，与最终形式相比，尺寸减小，在第二个步骤中，在一个升高的温度下，通过吹塑使雏形容器壁向外延伸，而圆环被固定，从而使容器壁相对于开口侧向膨胀，其中，圆环为内压盖提供一个底座并且从雏形容器壁向外突出，圆环还具有一个内侧区域和一个在吹塑时用于支撑容器的外侧区域，其中，吹管紧密地插入开口，雏形容器壁基本上位于圆环的下面，在吹塑时，容器壁的上部向外和向上延伸，从而与内侧区域的下侧面相结合，因此，有效地使内侧区域厚度加倍。
在第一步中，雏形容器是通过在一个分为两半部件的模具中进行模制而制造出来的，其中的一半模具有一个型芯，这个型芯以后可以从所说的开口被撤出。
雏形容器的成形是通过注射成型完成的。
雏形容器的开口朝嘴部变宽，使得嘴部所在处的局部容器部变薄，在第二个步骤中，这个变薄的部分发生变形并与所说的内侧区域之下的侧面相结合。
圆环具有一个位于内侧区域和外侧区域之间的凸缘，凸缘向下突出，环绕容器的开口端。
上部的变形使得它受到所说的凸缘内侧的反力作用，并在它的自由边缘下成为阶梯形。
容器的材料是透明的，在所说凸缘的内侧设置一数据带，透过容器壁可以清楚地看清，这数据带通过变形的上部来固定。
圆环的上侧面有一条圆周槽，圆周槽的内侧是由一竖直的棱来限定，圆周槽的外侧是由所说的外侧区域来限定的，外侧区域在朝上的方向上相对于内侧区域被制成阶梯形的。
吹管还被制成与棱和圆周槽相配合的形状。
在第二个步骤中常有的一些变形或延伸可通过机械方式来获得，以补充由吹塑形成的膨胀。
根据本发明所提供制造的容器的方法，入口置有一个从相邻的容器壁嵌置的开口；制造容器所用的材料在受热时容易产生变形，其中在第一个步骤中，制造出一个雏形容器，这个雏形容器的边缘限定出一个向外突出的开口，这个边缘将被用来形成容器壁之用的；在第二个步骤中，在雏形容器的边缘被固定的情况下，将高温下的雏形容器壁向外吹塑，使容器壁延伸，从而使边缘的里边部分被嵌入在那儿。
在下文中，假设雏形容器和最终容器两者都是处于直立姿势，容器的开口位于最上面。
在第一步中，通过注射成型能很方便地形成雏形容器，在这注射成型法中，采用了一内模芯，这内模芯随后会通过所说的开口被撤出。在第二步中，最好经开口进行吹塑来把雏形容器进一步加工成最终容器，尽管其中至少有一些变形或延伸可能会通过机械方式来获得。
优选的形式是使雏形容器的开口朝嘴部变宽，从而使该处的容器壁变薄。于是所述边缘就可以包括一个侧面凸缘，该侧面凸缘从这个变薄的壁面上向外突出，在第二步中，这个变薄的部分被变形成与凸缘的下侧相结合。雏形容器最好在侧面凸缘上还具有另一个凸缘，这另一个凸缘向下突出，环绕容器的开口端，该变薄的部分朝这另一个凸缘延伸变形，因而受到这个凸缘内侧的反力作用并会延伸到这个凸缘自由边的下面。
采用这种结构，如果容器的材料是透明的话，就能将一数据带设置在雏形容器的这另一凸缘的内侧，透过容器壁就可以清晰可认。这个数据带由这个变薄的部分来定位住。
方便地情况是，在侧面凸缘的根部设置一个竖直凸棱，它的内侧平滑地连接到开口的嘴部轮廓。此外，在侧面凸缘的外边缘，可在更靠上的地方设置一个阶梯延伸件，这个阶梯延伸件与所说的竖直凸棱一起形成一条环绕开口并朝上敞开的槽。这个阶梯延伸件可以在侧向上突出到这些凸缘的外边。在用吹塑法制造容器时，这个阶梯延伸件就被用来固定雏形容器。
本发明的另一方面是提供一种利用上述方法而制造出来的容器。
为了更好地理解本发明，下面将参照附图通过举例的形式来描述一个实施例。
图1是在吹塑之前容器的预型件的轴向剖面图；
图2是处于模具中的容器的轴向剖面图，这个容器是从图1中的预型件通过吹塑法而已被延伸；
图3是从模具中拆卸下来的最终容器的轴向剖面图。
预型件或称雏形容器1有一个平底型的碗状壳体2，这个碗状壳体2的嘴部有一个向外突出的圆环3。这个预型件1是用塑料通过注射成型法来形成的，该预型件的形状是这样子的，即它能使模具本身用两部分来形成，而且当塑料被定型时，模具的这两部分能通过轴向移动而相互分开，从而能把预型件1脱模出来。模具上没有会使模具结构变得复杂的凹陷结构。
在朝壳体2的顶部的方向上，圆筒形壁变得薄一些，它是在内侧以锥形变成一个平滑的凹弧形上部4并直到约为壳体2其余部分厚度的一半。圆环3上有个径向向外突出的凸缘5，在这个凸缘的外周上还有另一个凸缘6，它朝下突出，形成一个同轴圆筒形侧裙。圆环3还有一个阶梯延伸件7突出到凸缘5的上面，并在径向上超出凸缘6。在凸缘5的根部，有一个竖直的圆环棱8，圆环棱8的内侧平滑地与弧形上部4融合在一起。圆环棱8的外侧向下倾入槽9内，槽9的外侧是通过阶梯延伸7来限定的。
为了吹塑成型，将仍然很热的预型件放到吹塑模具中。这个吹塑模具包括两半拉部件10和11，并带有一个底部插件或称芯杆12。通过阶梯延伸件7将预型件安放在模具腔的边缘上，凸缘6与模具腔的嘴部紧密配合。这些部分比其余部分冷却得更快，因此使它坚固到足够实现支持和定位的作用。吹管13被做成能与槽9、棱8及弧形表面4的上部均能紧密配合的形状，并且它们与塑性材料的这种接合有利于该部分地冷却和固化。
高压气体通过吹管被引入。由于塑性材料的其余部分还很软且易弯曲，因此，在顶部附近的变薄的壳体发生径向延伸和扩张，从而受到凸缘5的底面和凸缘6内侧的反力作用。然后，它环绕凸缘6的底面流动，从而与模具腔的内壁相会。壳体2的其余部分进行膨胀，随着吹塑的完成，就形成了如图2所示的容器。热量使得当两个塑性表面融合在一起时，这两个表面实际上变得是匀质的了。从而形成如图3所示的最终容器。一旦材料冷却和定型，就将模具的两半部件10和11打开，将吹管13撤出，从而完成整个吹塑成形。
可见，最终的容器象一个传统的涂料桶，它具有一条用于滴水的槽9，阶梯延伸件7作为用于撬出压入开口的盖子的一个支点，这个开口的嘴部是由棱8来限定的。
容器最常见的形状是圆筒形。但是，可以利用这种技术将其制造成其它形状，例如制造成截面为椭圆形或多边形的形状。
可以用各种塑性材料来制造，这些材料包括聚氯乙烯，高密度的聚乙烯，聚丙烯，丙烯酸或聚碳酸酯。由于单件式的结构能节省材料，因此，一些昂贵的材料，如聚乙烯对苯二本酸盐(P.E.T.)，聚乙烯萘(P.E.N)，和共聚物及结晶状态或非结晶状态的这两种材料的混合物都是可用的。
虽然用作膨胀的最好方法是采用吹塑法，对于大的容器可辅以机械延伸的手段，但是，也可以利用真空注塑法来达到相同的技术效果。

Claims (10)

1．一种制造容器的方法，容器的入口置有一个从相邻的容器壁嵌置的开口，制造容器用的材料在受热时容易产生变形，其中在第一个步骤中，制造出一个雏形容器(1)，这个雏形容器具有一个圆环(3)，这个圆环限定了基本上是最终形状的开口，雏形容器的其余部分用于形成容器壁，与最终形式相比，尺寸减小，在第二个步骤中，在一个升高的温度下，通过吹塑使雏形容器壁(2)向外延伸，而圆环(3)被固定，从而使容器壁(2)相对于开口侧向膨胀，其特征在于，圆环(3)为内压盖提供一个底座并且从雏形容器壁向外突出，圆环(3)还具有一个内侧区域(5)和一个在吹塑时用于支撑容器的外侧区域(7)，其中，吹管紧密地插入开口，雏形容器壁基本上位于圆环(3)的下面，在吹塑时，容器壁的上部(4)向外和向上延伸，从而与内侧区域(5)的下侧面相结合，因此，有效地使内侧区域厚度加倍。
2．根据权利要求1所述的制造容器的方法，其特征在于，在第一步中，雏形容器是通过在一个分为两半部件的模具中进行模制而制造出来的，其中的一半模具有一个型芯，这个型芯以后可以从所说的开口被撤出。
3．根据权利要求2所述的制造容器的方法，其特征在于，雏形容器(1)的成形是通过注射成型完成的。
4．根据前述权利要求中的任何一个权利要求所述的制造容器的方法，其特征在于，雏形容器的开口朝嘴部变宽，使得嘴部所在处的局部容器壁(4)变薄，在第二个步骤中，这个变薄的部分发生变形并与所说的内侧区域(5)之下的侧面相结合。
5．根据前述权利要求中的任何一个权利要求所述的制造容器的方法，其特征在于，圆环(3)具有一个位于内侧区域和外侧区域(5、7)之间的凸缘(6)，凸缘(6)向下突出，环绕容器的开口端。
6．根据权利要求5所述的制造容器的方法，其特征在于，上部(4)的变形使得它受到所说的凸缘(6)内侧的反力作用，并在它的自由边缘下成为阶梯形。
7．根据权利要求6所述的制造容器的方法，其特征在于容器的材料是透明的，在所说凸缘(6)的内侧设置一数据带，透过容器壁可以清楚地看清，这数据带通过变形的上部(4)来固定。
8．根据前述权利要求中的任何一个权利要求所述的制造容器的方法，其特征在于，圆环(3)的上侧面有一条圆周槽(9)，圆周槽的内侧是由一竖直的棱(8)来限定，圆周槽的外侧是由所说的外侧区域(7)来限定的，外侧区域(7)在朝上的方向上相对于内侧区域(5)被制成阶梯形的。
9．根据权利要求8所述的制造容器的方法，其特征在于，吹管还被制成与棱(8)和圆周槽(9)相配合的形状。
10．根据前述权利要求中的任何一个权利要求所述的制造容器的方法，其特征在于在第二个步骤中常有的一些变形或延伸可通过机械方式来获得，以补充由吹塑形成的膨胀。
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