CN106902408B - A kind of blood purification metering device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a metering device for blood purification, which comprises a housing, the housing is provided with a spherical or ellipsoidal accommodating chamber, a metering bag is built in the accommodating chamber, and the metering bag includes a The first capsule body and the second capsule body which are separated and have the same volume. The first capsule body and the second capsule body are respectively provided with liquid inlets and outlets, and the liquid inlets and outlets are respectively connected to catheters with pipeline switches. ; The accommodating cavity is provided with a pressure detector. The metering device can be used to achieve accurate metering of the liquid to be measured; since other parts of the metering device do not directly contact the liquid to be measured except for the disposable metering bag, mutual infection can be avoided, so the dialysate can be metered, The replacement fluid and blood can also be measured; the metering device has a simple structure and is easy to install, and can be directly installed on the surface of other equipment for convenient operation.

Description

A blood purification metering device and method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a metering device and method for blood purification.

Background technique

Patients with end-stage renal failure need maintenance treatment through hemodialysis. The renal failure of the patient causes metabolic waste to be excreted from the body. As a mode of blood purification, hemodialysis is mainly used to remove the patient's metabolic waste, especially excess water. . Removing excess water through hemodialysis is also called ultrafiltration. The amount of ultrafiltration needs to be accurately measured to achieve the best dry weight after dialysis. Too much ultrafiltration can easily cause complications such as hypotension, and too little ultrafiltration can lead to edema, Complications such as hypertension. Therefore, accurate metering of fluids is essential during hemodialysis treatment.

In blood purification treatment, some special metering pumps or electronic scales are commonly used to measure liquids. For example, the Chinese patent application "a high-precision metering" with the publication number CN105840446 and the publication date of August 10, 2016 is controlled by piston movement. For the push of the liquid in the cavity, the product of the volume of the cavity and the frequency of the piston action is the total amount to be measured. The publication number is CN101323434A, and the publication date is February 11, 2009. The Chinese patent "A Diaphragm Metering Pump for Blood Purification" is similar to the principle of the piston metering pump. The product of the volume of the movable cavity and the operating frequency of the movable mechanism It is the total amount of metering, which can be used for liquid metering on the dialysate side. And the publication number is CN205209614U, and the publication date is the Chinese patent "a kind of medicinal liquid suspension measuring scale for CRRT machine" on May 4, 2016, and the publication number is CN204758100U, and the publication date is November 11, 2015. Chinese Patent "CRRT Therapeutic Apparatus Platform Scale"\It is used to measure the replacement fluid by weighing.

The pump container part of the piston type and diaphragm metering pump is in direct contact with the liquid to be measured, and mutual contamination cannot be ruled out, so it can only be used for the measurement of dialysis waste fluid, not for replacement fluid or blood; Metering Because disposable containers can be used to hold liquid, it can measure replacement fluid or blood, but it is inconvenient to use, takes up a lot of space, and is easily disturbed by air flow and the like.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a metering device and method for blood purification, which can not only avoid cross-infection, but also measure dialysate, replacement fluid or blood.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a metering device for blood purification, which includes a housing, the housing is provided with a spherical or ellipsoidal accommodating cavity, and a metering bag is built in the accommodating cavity. The metering bag includes a first capsule and a second capsule that are separated by a diaphragm and have equal volumes. The first capsule and the second capsule are respectively provided with a liquid inlet and outlet, and the liquid inlet and outlet are respectively connected with belts. There is a catheter with a pipeline switch; a pressure detector is provided in the accommodating cavity; the volume of the first capsule or the second capsule is equal to the volume of the metering bag; the first capsule and the The liquid inlet and outlet of the second capsule body are respectively connected with a catheter leading to and merged with the liquid inlet pipe, and a peristaltic pump is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe; the liquid in the first capsule body and the second capsule body The inlet and outlet are respectively connected with a catheter to lead to and merge with the outlet pipe.

Preferably, the metering bag in the full state is spherical or ellipsoidal, and a diaphragm is arranged in the middle of the metering bag, and the diaphragm is semi-ellipsoidal or hemispherical in the full state of the first capsule or the second capsule shape; the accommodating cavity matches the shape and size of the metering bag in a full state.

Preferably, the housing includes a base and an upper cover, the base is provided with a semi-ellipsoidal or hemispherical bottom groove, and the upper cover is provided with a semi-ellipsoidal or hemispherical top groove; by closing The upper cover, the base, the top groove and the bottom groove together form a spherical or ellipsoidal accommodation cavity.

Preferably, the upper cover and the base are connected by a hinge on one side, and the opening and closing of the other side is controlled by setting a lock.

Preferably, the base is provided with a pipeline groove for accommodating a catheter, and a pipeline clamp as a pipeline switch is arranged on the pipeline groove.

Preferably, a controller is also included, and the pipeline switch, peristaltic pump and pressure detector are respectively connected with the controller for signals.

The present invention also discloses a metering method using the metering device for blood purification, which includes:

Step 1, performing a liquid filling operation on the first capsule, and simultaneously performing a liquid discharge operation on the second capsule, and the liquid in the second capsule is discharged under the pressure of the diaphragm;

Step 2: After the pressure detector detects a sudden increase in the pressure in the accommodating cavity, the switch of the pipeline is switched, and the liquid filling operation is performed on the second capsule body, and the liquid discharge operation is performed on the first capsule body at the same time. The liquid in the capsule is discharged under the pressure of the diaphragm, and when the pressure detector detects a sudden rise in the pressure in the accommodating chamber again, switch the pipeline switch and return to step 1;

Step 3: Calculate the flow rate of the liquid according to the switching times of the pipeline switch and the volume of the metering device.

Preferably, the pipeline switch includes a liquid inlet switch and a liquid outlet switch. In the step 1 or step 2, by opening the liquid inlet switch of the first capsule and closing the liquid outlet switch of the first capsule, the inlet and outlet switches are turned on. The peristaltic pump on the liquid pipe realizes the liquid filling of the first capsule; by opening the liquid inlet switch of the second capsule, closing the liquid outlet switch of the second capsule, and turning on the peristaltic pump of the liquid inlet pipe soil, the second capsule is filled with liquid. Liquid filling of the two capsules.

Preferably, in the step 1 or step 2, while the liquid filling operation is performed on the first capsule or the second capsule, the liquid outlet switch of the other capsule is turned on, and the other capsule is closed. The liquid inlet switch on the liquid port allows the liquid in the other capsule to be discharged.

The metering device and method for blood purification provided by the above technical solution can measure the relevant liquids in the process of blood purification, especially the replacement fluid or the blood of the patient. The measurement liquid is in direct contact to avoid mutual infection, so it can measure not only the dialysate, but also the replacement fluid and blood; the metering bag in the chamber of the metering device can be used for one time, and the metering bag is provided with a second metering bag with the same volume. One capsule and the second capsule, through the mutual extrusion of the first capsule and the second capsule, the discharge of the measured liquid is realized, and the filling of the first capsule and the second capsule with the measured liquid is monitored by setting a pressure detector process, when the pressure detector detects a sudden rise in the pressure in the accommodating cavity, it indicates that the filling of the first capsule or the second capsule is completed, and the measured liquid in the other capsule is discharged, so as to control the pipeline switch The metering device can be used to accurately measure the measured liquid; the metering device has a simple structure and is easy to install, and can be directly installed on the surface of other equipment for easy operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a housing of a metering device for blood purification of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the metering bag of the blood purification metering device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a kind of flow schematic diagram of the liquid to be measured of metering method of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is another schematic flow diagram of the liquid to be tested in the metering method of the present invention.

Among them, 1-shell, 11-base, 12-top cover, 13-bottom tank, 14-top tank, 15-pipeline groove, 3-metering bag, 31-pipeline switch, 311-first pipeline Clamp, 312-second pipeline clamp, 313-third pipeline clamp, 314-fourth pipeline clamp, 32-catheter tube, 33-diaphragm, 34-inlet tube, 35-peristaltic pump, 36-out Liquid pipe, 37-liquid inlet and outlet, 4-pressure detector, 5-controller.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Please refer to accompanying drawings 1 and 2, a metering device for blood purification provided by the present invention includes a housing 1, which is provided with a spherical or ellipsoidal accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity has a built-in There is a metering bag 3, the metering bag 3 includes a first capsule and a second capsule that are separated by a diaphragm and have equal volumes, the first capsule and the second capsule are respectively provided with a liquid inlet and outlet 37, the The liquid inlet and outlet are respectively connected with a catheter 32 with a pipeline switch 31; a pressure detector 4 is provided in the accommodating cavity.

The metering device based on the above technical features can measure the relevant liquids in the blood purification process, especially the replacement fluid or the patient's blood. Since other parts of the metering device do not directly contact with the measured liquid except the metering bag, mutual infection is avoided. , so both dialysate, replacement fluid and blood can be measured; the metering bag in the chamber of the metering device is made of plastic film material, which can be used at one time, and the metering bag is provided with the first capsule and the The second capsule realizes the discharge of the measured liquid through the mutual extrusion of the first capsule and the second capsule, and monitors the state of the first capsule and the second capsule filled with the measured liquid by setting a pressure detector. When the pressure detector detects a sudden rise in the pressure of the metering bag, it indicates that the filling of the first capsule or the second capsule is completed, and the measured liquid in the other capsule is discharged, so as to control the switching of the pipeline switch. The metering device can realize the precise metering of the measured liquid.

In this embodiment, the metering bag 3 in the full state is spherical or ellipsoidal, and the middle part of the metering bag 3 is provided with a diaphragm 33, and the diaphragm is half-shaped when the first capsule or the second capsule is full. Ellipsoid or hemispherical, the volume of the first capsule or the second capsule is equal to the volume of the metering bag, and the volume of the metering bag is the accommodation of the metering device; The shape and size of metering bag 3 match. Take filling the first bladder with liquid as an example, fill the first bladder with liquid until the first bladder expands to the maximum volume, when the first bladder expands to the maximum volume, the pressure detector 4 in the accommodating chamber detects The pressure in the accommodation chamber, especially the metering bag, rises suddenly. While filling the first capsule with liquid, the second capsule discharges the liquid, and the second capsule discharges the liquid smoothly under the pressure of the diaphragm. When the first capsule expands to the maximum volume, the second capsule The fluid in the two capsules is completely emptied. Similarly, when the second balloon expands to the maximum volume, the liquid in the first balloon is completely emptied.

In another embodiment of the present invention, taking the volume of the accommodating cavity as the volume of the metering device, the volume of the first capsule or the second capsule is greater than or equal to the volume of the accommodating cavity. Taking filling the first capsule with liquid as an example, when filling the first capsule with liquid, the amount of liquid that can be filled in the first capsule is restricted by the inner wall of the accommodating cavity. When the amount of liquid filled in the first capsule When the volume of the accommodating chamber is reached, the pressure detector 4 in the accommodating chamber detects that the pressure in the accommodating chamber suddenly rises. While filling the first capsule with liquid, the second capsule discharges the liquid, and the second capsule discharges the liquid smoothly under the pressure of the diaphragm and the inner wall of the accommodating chamber.

The liquid inlet and outlet 37 of the first capsule and the second capsule are respectively connected with a catheter 32 leading to and merged with a liquid inlet 34, and the liquid inlet 34 is provided with a peristaltic pump 35 for driving liquid inlet ; The liquid inlet and outlet 37 of the first capsule and the second capsule are also respectively connected to the catheter 32 to lead to and merge with the liquid outlet 36 .

The housing 1 includes a base 11 and an upper cover 12, the base 11 is provided with a hemispherical or hemispherical bottom groove 13, and the upper cover 12 is provided with a hemispherical or hemispherical top groove 14. By closing the upper cover 11 and the base 12, the top groove 14 and the bottom groove 13 jointly form a spherical or ellipsoidal accommodation cavity. In this embodiment, the upper cover 12 and the base 11 are hinged on one side, and the opening and closing of the other side is controlled by a lock. Since the metering device of the present invention can be used as a part of the blood purification equipment, the metering device can be embedded or connected to the outside of the blood purification device in other ways. In other embodiments of the present invention, the closing method of the upper cover 12 of the housing 1 can be linked with other components of the blood purification device. In actual use, the metering bag 3 can be installed and fixed on the bottom groove 13 of the base first, and then the upper cover 11 can be closed.

The base 11 is provided with a pipeline groove 15 for accommodating the catheter 32 , and the pipeline groove 15 is provided with a pipeline clamp as a pipeline switch 31 . In this embodiment, the pipe clamp includes a liquid inlet switch and a liquid outlet switch, specifically, includes a first pipe clamp 311 arranged between the liquid inlet and outlet of the first capsule body and the liquid inlet pipe 34, a set The second pipeline clamp 312 between the liquid inlet and outlet of the first capsule body and the liquid outlet pipe 36, the third pipeline clamp 313 arranged between the liquid inlet and outlet of the second capsule body and the liquid inlet pipe 34, the The fourth pipeline clamp 314 is between the liquid inlet and outlet of the second bladder and the liquid outlet pipe 36 . Four pipeline clamps are used to control the flow of liquid, and the pipeline clamps can adopt the well-known vein clamp structure in the blood purification equipment industry, and the pipeline clamps are equipped with an electromagnetic drive mechanism and corresponding control circuits.

The metering device for blood purification also includes a controller 5, and the pipeline switch 31, the peristaltic pump 35 and the pressure detector 4 are respectively connected with the controller 5 for signals. The control circuit of the metering device, such as the control circuit of the pipeline switch 31 and the control circuit of the pressure sensor 4, is set together with the control circuit of the blood purification equipment. When used for liquid metering, the metering device works together with blood purification equipment.

The present invention also discloses a metering method using the metering device for blood purification, which includes:

Step 1. Perform a liquid filling operation on the first capsule, and simultaneously perform a liquid discharge operation on the second capsule, and the liquid in the second capsule is discharged under the pressure of the diaphragm 33;

Step 2: After the pressure detector 4 detects a sudden increase in the pressure in the accommodating cavity, switch the pipeline switch, perform liquid filling operation on the second capsule body, and perform liquid discharge operation on the first capsule body at the same time, the second capsule body The liquid in a capsule is discharged under the pressure of the diaphragm 33, and when the pressure detector 4 detects a sudden rise in the pressure in the accommodating chamber again, switch the pipeline switch and return to step 1;

Step 3: Calculate the flow rate of the liquid according to the switching times of the pipeline switch and the volume of the metering device, the volume of the metering device being the volume of the metering bag or the volume of the accommodating cavity.

In the step 1 or step 2, by opening the liquid inlet switch of the first capsule, that is, the first pipeline clamp 311, closing the liquid outlet switch of the first capsule, that is, the second pipeline clamp 312, and opening the liquid inlet The peristaltic pump on the tube realizes the liquid filling of the first capsule; by opening the liquid inlet switch of the second capsule, that is, the third pipeline clamp 313, closing the liquid outlet switch of the second capsule, that is, the fourth pipeline The clamp 314 turns on the peristaltic pump on the liquid inlet pipe to realize the liquid filling of the second bladder.

In the step 1 or step 2, while performing the liquid filling operation on the first capsule or the second capsule, by turning on the liquid outlet switch of the other capsule, close the liquid inlet switch on the other capsule. The liquid inlet switch is used to discharge the liquid in the other capsule.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , which discloses a schematic diagram of liquid flow during the liquid filling operation of the first capsule and the liquid discharge operation of the second capsule. Wherein, the liquid reaches the catheter through the drive of the peristaltic pump 35, and the controller 5 controls the opening and closing of the four pipeline clamps, specifically, to open the first pipeline clamp 311, close the second pipeline clamp 312, and close the third pipeline clamp. The pipeline clamp 313 opens the fourth pipeline clamp 314 to realize the filling of the first capsule and the discharge of liquid from the second capsule.

When the pressure detector detects that the pressure suddenly rises, it indicates that the first capsule is filled completely, and the second capsule is empty at the same time, the controller 5 controls and switches four pipeline clamps, closes the first pipeline clamp 311, and opens the second pipeline clamp. The pipeline clamp 312, the third pipeline clamp 313 is opened, the fourth pipeline clamp 314 is closed, and the second capsule is filled and the first capsule is discharged. Please refer to FIG. 4 , which discloses a schematic diagram of liquid flow in the process of filling the second capsule with liquid and discharging liquid from the first capsule.

Likewise, when the pressure detector detects a sudden increase in pressure, it indicates that the second bladder is filled and the first bladder is emptied. At this time, the controller 5 controls to switch the four pipeline clips to execute a new cycle.

The counting of the metering device can be completed by the controller and through the display device connected with the metering device

show. The product of the switching frequency of the pipeline clamp and the volume of the metering device is the flow rate of the liquid, and the product of the total number of switching times of the pipeline clamp and the volume of the metering device is the total amount of liquid. Specifically, the flow rate of the liquid is Q=N×V, where N is the total number of pipe clamp switching times, and V is the volume of the metering device. The flow rate of the liquid is v=f×V, where f is the switching frequency of the pipe clamp, and V is the volume of the metering device. Since the metering bag is made of film material, the volume error between the accommodating cavity and the metering bag can be ignored under certain circumstances in actual use.

The metering method uses a disposable metering bag to hold the liquid, so that the liquid to be metered does not come into direct contact with other parts of the device, which can avoid mutual contamination and prevent cross-infection between patients. It can be used not only for the metering of dialysate, but also for Metering of replacement fluid and blood. The accommodating cavity and the metering bag of the metering device can be designed in various specifications. When used for ultrafiltrate metering, a smaller size can be used, and when used for replacement fluid metering, a larger size can be used, such as 8ml or 16ml. etc., making the application of metering devices more flexible and avoiding waste of resources.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements and replacements can also be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these improvements and replacements should also be It is regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A metering device for blood purification, characterized in that it includes a housing, the housing is provided with a spherical or ellipsoidal accommodation cavity, and a metering bag is built in the accommodation chamber, and the metering bag includes The first capsule and the second capsule, which are separated by a diaphragm and have equal volumes, are respectively provided with liquid inlets and outlets, and the liquid inlets and outlets are respectively connected with pipeline switches. the catheter; the accommodating cavity is provided with a pressure detector; the volume of the first capsule or the second capsule is equal to the volume of the metering bag; the first capsule and the second capsule The liquid inlet and outlet of the body are respectively connected with a catheter leading to and merged with the liquid inlet pipe, and a peristaltic pump is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe; the liquid inlet and outlet of the first capsule body and the second capsule body are respectively connected Connect the catheter to and join the outlet tube. 2. The metering device for blood purification according to claim 1, wherein the metering bag in the full state is spherical or ellipsoidal, and a diaphragm is arranged in the middle of the metering bag, and the diaphragm is placed in the first bag. The body or the second capsule is in the shape of a semi-ellipsoid or a hemisphere when it is full; The accommodating cavity matches the shape and size of the metering bag in a full state. 3. The metering device for blood purification according to claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a base and an upper cover, the base is provided with a hemispherical or hemispherical bottom groove, and the upper A semi-ellipsoidal or hemispherical top groove is provided on the cover; by closing the upper cover and the base, the top groove and the bottom groove together form a spherical or ellipsoidal accommodating cavity. 4. The metering device for blood purification according to claim 3, characterized in that, the upper cover and the base are connected by a hinge on one side, and the opening and closing of the other side is controlled by a lock. 5. The metering device for blood purification according to claim 3, characterized in that, the base is provided with a pipeline groove for accommodating a catheter, and a tube as a pipeline switch is arranged on the pipeline groove. road clip. 6 . The metering device for blood purification according to claim 1 , further comprising a controller, and the pipeline switch, peristaltic pump and pressure detector are respectively connected with the controller for signals. 7. A metering method utilizing the metering device for blood purification according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that it comprises: Step 1, performing a liquid filling operation on the first capsule, and simultaneously performing a liquid discharge operation on the second capsule, and the liquid in the second capsule is discharged under the pressure of the diaphragm; Step 2: After the pressure detector detects a sudden increase in the pressure in the accommodating cavity, the switch of the pipeline is switched, and the liquid filling operation is performed on the second capsule body, and the liquid discharge operation is performed on the first capsule body at the same time. The liquid in the capsule is discharged under the pressure of the diaphragm, and when the pressure detector detects a sudden rise in the pressure in the accommodating chamber again, switch the pipeline switch and return to step 1; Step 3: Calculate the flow rate of the liquid according to the switching times of the pipeline switch and the volume of the metering device. 8. The metering method according to claim 7, wherein the pipeline switch includes a liquid inlet switch and a liquid outlet switch, and in the step 1 or step 2, by opening the liquid inlet switch of the first capsule , turn off the liquid outlet switch of the first capsule, turn on the peristaltic pump on the liquid inlet pipe to fill the first capsule with liquid; turn off the liquid outlet switch of the second capsule by turning on the liquid inlet switch of the second capsule , turn on the peristaltic pump of the liquid inlet pipe to realize the liquid filling of the second capsule. 9. The metering method according to claim 8, characterized in that, in the step 1 or step 2, while the first capsule or the second capsule is being filled with liquid, the other capsule is opened close the liquid inlet switch on the liquid inlet of the other capsule, so that the liquid in the other capsule is discharged.