CN106900289A - A kind of peanut combination harvests wire screen - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a wire screen for combined peanut harvesting, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural harvesting processing devices. The input end and the output end of the rectangular sieve frame of the screen respectively have a front hitch plate and a rear hitch plate perpendicular to the conveying direction, and the front hitch plate and the rear hitch plate respectively have outwardly turned hitch edges with an upwardly convex section; A group of metal wire holes and wire gaps are evenly distributed on the everted side of the front hitch plate, and a corresponding tensioning device is provided under the front side of the fastened seam, and a group of evenly distributed sideways on the everted side of the rear hitch plate Cass bridge: After the two ends of the metal wire are respectively rotated by the two sides of the wire bridge, one end is fixed in the wire hole, and the other end is connected to the corresponding tensioning device after passing through the wire seam. Adopting the present invention not only increases the effective sieve surface; but also the self-excited vibration of the metal wire effectively avoids seedling hanging and blockage, which is conducive to breaking up the material layer to sieve large impurities, and is helpful for feeding peanuts, avoiding congestion, and significantly Improved screening effect and efficiency.

Description

Wire sieve for combined peanut harvest

technical field

The invention relates to a wire sieve, in particular to a wire sieve for combined peanut half-feeding and harvesting, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural harvesting processing devices.

Background technique

Peanut half-feed combined harvesting fruit picking parts usually contain about 18% to 25% of soil with a certain humidity, about 70% to 80% of fresh peanuts, and impurities such as broken branches, broken seedlings, residual film, leaves, etc. These materials Common access to the cleaning components of the peanut combine harvester. According to the applicant's knowledge, for a long time, the combined harvest of peanuts has been cleaned by hole sieves, and the idea of improving the screening efficiency has been focused on how to improve the screening mechanism. Some recent innovations can be found in Chinese patent documents such as application numbers 201120244113.8 and 201410181268.X. Although the prior art occasionally has screens of other structures besides hole screens (such as the primary vibrating screen for peanut pickers disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. 201110331394.5), they all rely entirely on the vibration of the power source, so in practice, not only It consumes a lot of energy, and because of the small holes, it is easy to get stuck in impurities such as stems and leaves, resulting in hanging seedlings and blockage, which affects the screening effect and efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to propose a wire sieve for combined peanut harvesting that can effectively avoid plugging of hanging seedlings and ensure screening efficiency.

In order to achieve the above object, the peanut combined harvesting wire screen of the present invention comprises a rectangular screen frame, the input end and the output end of the screen frame respectively have a front hitch plate and a rear hitch plate perpendicular to the conveying direction, and the front hanger plate The connecting plate and the rear articulated plate respectively have the valgus articulated edges with upwardly convex cross-sections; There is a corresponding tensioning device under the slit, and a group of wire bridges are evenly distributed on the valgus mounting edge of the rear hitch plate; after the two ends of the metal wire are respectively rotated by the two sides of the wire bridge, one end is fixed on the metal wire. The other end is connected with the corresponding tensioning device after going through the card wire slit.

The bar sieve formed in this way makes it easier to sieve out impurities such as small broken branches, broken seedlings, residual film, leaf stems, etc., and at the same time, the self-excited secondary vibration of the metal wire enables the impurities whose width is larger than the sieve gap to be sieved. The adoption of the present invention not only increases the effective screen surface; but also the self-excited vibration of the metal wire effectively avoids seedling hanging and blockage, which is beneficial to breaking up the material layer to sieve large impurities, and is conducive to the feeding of peanuts, avoiding congestion, and significantly Improved screening effect and efficiency.

In addition, the circular cross-sections of two adjacent metal wire sieves in the present invention form a sieve slit approximately trapezoidal in shape, which greatly increases the effective area of the sieve hole. When the material falls through the sieve surface, the small-sized material falls first. It enters the large opening at the upper end of the sieve, and is screened and dropped by the introduction of the large opening at the upper end; the whole wire is wound on the screen surface. When the cleaning work is in progress, the screen surface undulates up and down, forming a corrugated shape. These ups and downs can make the screened material In the process of advancing along the front of the screen, the path along the screen wire direction changes from a smooth straight line to a pattern formed by disordered corrugations, which increases the probability of the material being broken up and falling off the screen, and has a guiding effect on the material. Therefore, structurally, the probability of small-sized materials falling into the sieve hole is improved, and the opening ratio of the sieve surface is also increased, so that the wire screen of the present invention has the advantages of corrugated sieve and countersunk sieve at the same time.

A further improvement of the present invention is that a support frame is fixedly connected to the lower side of the valgus articulated side of the front articulated plate, and the wire tensioning device is composed of tensioning bolts and parallel nuts whose positions correspond to the clamping seams , the tension bolt is threadedly connected with the support frame and has a threading hole at one end. In this way, each wire sieve bar can be tensioned independently, and the tension can be adjusted so that it can be easily adjusted to the state of ideal self-excited vibration, and it is easy to replace.

Theoretical research shows that the vibration equation of the fixed wire at both ends is:

In the formula, , is the tension force; is the wire density; is the cross-sectional area of the wire; The amount of cleaning material adhered to the wire; is the amplitude of the cleaning sieve; is the operating angular frequency. The solution of its first-order elastic vibration is:

( )

in, . Due to the operating angular frequency It is determined by the working conditions of the cleaning screen itself, and cannot be changed at will. , it can generate resonance to achieve the purpose of increasing the elastic vibration amplitude of the metal wire. Depend on and The expression of the tension device shows that the tension of the tension device can get the most ideal vibration state as follows:

In the formula

is the tension, the unit is N;

is the wire density, the unit is kg/m³;

is the cross-sectional area of the wire, in m ² ;

is the mass of cleaning material adhered to the metal wire, in kg;

is the resonance order;

is the wire length, the unit is m;

is the frequency ratio, the value range is 0.8~1.2;

According to the tension force determined by this tension force formula, the best cleaning effect can be obtained with the minimum power consumption.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of A in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of B in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view at point C in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view at D in Fig. 2 .

detailed description

Embodiment one

The wire screen for combined peanut harvesting of this embodiment is shown in Figures 1 to 5, the input end and output end of the rectangular screen frame 6 respectively have a front articulated plate 1 and a rear articulated plate 3 perpendicular to the conveying direction. The front articulated plate 1 is composed of a front support frame 1-1 with a rectangular section and an inverted V-shaped upturned articulated edge 1-2 extending from the upper surface of the front support frame; the rear articulated plate 3 is composed of a rear rectangular section support frame 3 -1 and the flat-top convex outward-turning joint edge 3-2 extending from the upper surface of the rear support frame.

28 metal wire holes 1-3 and 28 threaded seams 1-4 are evenly distributed on the everted mounting edge 1-2 of the front mounting plate 1, and the front support below the threading seams 1-4 of the front mounting plate 1 Frame 1-1 is equipped with a wire tensioning device, which is composed of tensioning bolt 4 and parallel tightening nut 5 corresponding to the position of the clamping seam 1-4, and the tensioning bolt 4 is connected to the front support frame 1-4. 1 threaded connection and one end has threading hole 4-1. The valgus articulated edge 3-1 of the rear articulated plate 3 is evenly distributed with 28 wire bridges 3-3, and the two ends of each steel wire 2 bypass the valgus articulated edge 3-1 of the rear articulated plate. After -3, one end goes through the wire hole 1-3 of the front hitch plate and is tied and fixed, and the other end goes through the wire hole 4 of the tensioning bolt 4 after passing through the threaded seam 1-4 of the front hitch plate -1, by twisting and winding on the tension bolt 4 for 3-4 turns to make it have a certain tension force, and then tighten it with the help of the parallel nut 5. Like this, each metal wire hole 1-3 of front hitch plate 1 and the wire slot 1-4 cooperate a corresponding wire bridge 3-3 of back hitch plate 3 to fix a steel wire, and each steel wire can be independently installed, Tensioning, the entire vibrating screen needs 28 steel wires in total, and the distance between adjacent steel wires on the screen surface is 9mm determined according to the minimum average width of peanuts.

Each steel wire tension degree of the present embodiment is adjusted and determined according to the following formula:

In the formula:

is the wire density, =7.850×10-6kg/mm³;

is the cross-sectional area of the steel wire, =0.785mm ² ;

is the amount of cleaning material adhered to the wire, actually measured ≈0.25kg;

is the resonance order, usually n=1 (from the study of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the steel wire, When taking 1, a first-order resonance is generated);

is the wire length, =890mm;

is the frequency ratio, the value range is 0.8-1.2, and this embodiment takes 1;

Substituting these values into the above formula, the tension force can be calculated ≈220N

In this way, a bar sieve whose gap width is smaller than the average width of peanuts is formed, not only because impurities such as broken branches, broken seedlings, residual film, leaves and other diameters smaller than the sieve gaps are easy to fall into the sieve, but also the flexibility of the metal wire itself is limited. Under the action of external excitation sources (engine, vibrating screen movement, fruit picking roller, etc.), self-excited secondary vibrations that can be decomposed into vertical and horizontal vibrations, torsional vibrations, and double-frequency vibrations will be formed during the screening process. The metal wire produces undulations that send the peanuts towards the length, while the horizontal vibration causes the adjacent metal wires to vibrate with a small distance, and the closer to the middle of the screen frame, the greater the instantaneous vibration distance, resulting in smaller impurities in the screen frame. After entering the sieve frame, the larger impurities are sieved off first, and then the larger impurities are gradually sieved off. Even the impurities whose width is larger than the sieve gap will be sieved off when the maximum instantaneous shaking distance appears. Therefore, the adoption of the present invention not only increases the effective screen surface and improves the screening efficiency because the bar screen has no crosspieces, but also the self-excited vibration of the metal wire effectively avoids seedling hanging and blockage, which is conducive to breaking up the material layer, It is helpful for the feeding of peanuts, and the impurities are screened in turn without congestion, which significantly improves the screening effect and efficiency. Especially after the tension is properly adjusted, the steel wire will produce an ideal self-excited vibration in a resonant state, and the best screening effect can be obtained with the minimum power consumption.

In a word, the present embodiment has the following significant advantages:

(1) The effective screening surface is increased, and the screening efficiency and production capacity are improved;

(2) There is no crosspiece setting, which can effectively remove residual seedlings and avoid hanging seedlings;

(3) The steel wire itself vibrates with the sieve body to generate self-excited vibration, which is beneficial to disperse the material, increase the material propulsion speed, and prevent the screen surface from being blocked;

(4) Light in weight, simple in structure, independent installation and tensioning of steel wire sieves, and individual replacement of a single wire sieve if damaged;

(5) Using the secondary vibration of the wire sieve can increase the probability of breaking large soil clods, making them fall under the sieve after being broken, and can remove the soil debris on the surface of peanut pods.

Claims (4)

1. A wire screen for combined peanut harvesting, comprising a rectangular sieve frame, the input end and the output end of the sieve frame respectively have a front articulated plate and a rear articulated plate perpendicular to the conveying direction, it is characterized in that: the front The articulated plate and the rear articulated plate respectively have an everted articulated edge with an upwardly convex section; the valgus articulated edge of the front articulated plate is uniformly distributed with a group of wire holes and wire slots at intervals, and the front articulated plate There is a corresponding tensioning device under the silk seam, and a group of wire bridges are evenly distributed on the valgus mounting edge of the rear hitch plate; after the two ends of the metal wire are respectively rotated by the two sides of the wire bridge, one end is fixed on the The other end of the metal wire hole is connected with the corresponding tensioning device after passing through the card wire slit. 2. The wire sieve for combined peanut harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: a support frame is fixedly connected to the underside of the valgus articulated side of the front articulated plate, and the wire tensioning device is controlled by the position and The tension bolt corresponding to the threaded seam is composed of a parallel nut, and the tension bolt is screwed to the support frame and has a thread hole at one end. 3. according to claim 1 and 2 described peanut combined harvesting wire sieves, it is characterized in that the tension degree of described wire is determined as follows: In the formula is the tension, the unit is N; is the wire density, the unit is kg/m³; is the cross-sectional area of the wire, in m ² ; is the mass of cleaning material adhered to the metal wire, in kg; is the resonance order; is the wire length, the unit is m; It is the frequency ratio, and the value range is 0.8~1.2. 4. The wire sieve for combined peanut harvesting according to claim 3, characterized in that: the front articulated plate is articulated by the front support frame with a rectangular cross-section and the inverted V-shaped convex and outward extension extending from the upper surface of the front support frame The rear articulated plate is composed of a rear rectangular cross-section support frame and a flat-top convex and outward-turned articulated edge extending from the upper surface of the rear support frame.