CN106907239A - A kind of hydrogen gas turbine and the power circulation system of hydrogen fuel cell combination - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined power cycle system of a hydrogen gas turbine and a hydrogen fuel cell, including a hydrogen fuel cell and a combustion chamber, the hydrogen source is divided into two branches and connected to the hydrogen fuel cell and the combustion chamber respectively; the compressed air provided by the compressor is divided into two branches The pipeline is respectively connected to the hydrogen fuel cell and the combustion chamber, and the compressor is driven by the electric motor; the exhaust pipeline of the hydrogen fuel cell and the combustion chamber is connected to the turbine, and the turbine is coaxially connected with the generator to generate electricity. The system can work in three operating modes: When the system needs to output part of the power with high efficiency, it uses the hydrogen fuel cell operating mode alone. When the system needs to quickly output high power in a short time, the hydrogen gas turbine is used to operate alone. When the system requires full power output, the combined operation mode of hydrogen fuel cell and hydrogen gas turbine is used.

Description

A combined power cycle system of a hydrogen gas turbine and a hydrogen fuel cell

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of combined cycle systems for comprehensive utilization of hydrogen fuel, and in particular relates to a combined power cycle system of a hydrogen gas turbine and a hydrogen fuel cell.

Background technique

The gas turbine has few moving parts, simple and compact structure, can burn a variety of fuels, has low fuel consumption rate and high efficiency. Hydrogen has become an ideal alternative fuel for gas turbines due to its high calorific value, zero pollution and wide range of sources. In a hydrogen gas turbine, hydrogen reacts with compressed air to generate high-temperature mixed gas, which outputs mechanical work through the turbine. Moreover, the mass energy density of hydrogen is very high, so that the hydrogen gas turbine has a high energy density.

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell has the characteristics of high energy conversion efficiency and non-polluting emissions. It is one of the ideal power forms in fuel cell vehicles at present, but its power density is low. In automobile power and other similar engineering machinery and equipment, it is necessary to meet the requirements of a wide power range.

Neither the hydrogen gas turbine nor the hydrogen fuel cell can meet the two major requirements of high cycle efficiency and high power density at the same time: the pure use of hydrogen gas turbine, although the energy density is relatively high, but in the partial power state, the energy conversion efficiency is low; Although hydrogen fuel cells are environmentally friendly and efficient, their maximum power cannot meet the demand when the volume is limited.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a combined power cycle system of a hydrogen gas turbine and a hydrogen fuel cell.

A combined power cycle system of a hydrogen gas turbine and a hydrogen fuel cell, including a hydrogen fuel cell 6 and a combustion chamber 8, the hydrogen source is divided into two branches and connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 respectively; the compressed air provided by the compressor 3 is divided into The two branches are respectively connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8, and the compressor 3 is driven by an electric motor; the exhaust pipes of the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 are merged and connected to the turbine 10, and the turbine 10 is connected to the generator 11 for Power generation; through the valve to control the connection and disconnection of the corresponding branch.

In one embodiment, the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storage system 5 is connected to the inlet of the B valve 7, the first outlet of the B valve 7 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 6, and the second outlet of the B valve 7 is connected to the combustion chamber 8 the hydrogen inlet;

The inlet of the compressor 3 is connected to the atmosphere, the outlet of the compressor 3 is connected to the inlet of the A valve 4, the first outlet of the A valve 4 is connected to the air inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 6, and the second outlet of the A valve 4 is connected to the combustion chamber The air inlet of 8; Air compressor 3 is connected with electric motor;

The gas outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 6 is connected to the first inlet of the C valve 9, the gas outlet of the combustion chamber 8 is connected to the second inlet of the C valve 9, the outlet of the C valve 9 is connected to the inlet of the turbine 10, and the turbine 10 is connected to the generator 11 connections.

The second outlet of the A valve 4 is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure compressor 2, the outlet of the high-pressure compressor 2 is connected to the air inlet of the combustion chamber 8, and the high-pressure compressor 2 is connected to the electric motor.

The compressor 3, the high-pressure compressor 2, and the motor are connected in sequence.

The A valve 4, the B valve 7 and the C valve 9 are all electronically controlled valves.

A hydrogen gas turbine and hydrogen fuel cell combined power cycle system can work in three operating modes: a hydrogen fuel cell independent operating mode, a hydrogen gas turbine operating mode alone, and a hydrogen fuel cell and hydrogen gas turbine combined operating mode.

Hydrogen fuel cells are suitable for stable working conditions. When the system needs to output part of the power with high efficiency, use hydrogen fuel cells to operate alone.

When the system is in the hydrogen fuel cell single operation mode, the hydrogen source is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 6, and the hydrogen source is disconnected from the combustion chamber 8; the compressor 3 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 6, and the compressor 3 is disconnected from the combustion chamber 8; Hydrogen and compressed air are only sent to the hydrogen fuel cell 6 respectively; the hydrogen fuel cell 6 is connected to the turbine 10, the combustion chamber 8 is disconnected from the turbine 10, and the exhaust gas of the hydrogen fuel cell 6 is passed into the turbine 10 to drive the turbine 10 to rotate and then drive The generator 11 generates electricity.

When the system needs to quickly output high power in a short period of time, due to the fast start-up speed and high power density of the hydrogen gas turbine, the hydrogen gas turbine is used in a separate operation mode.

When the system is in the single operation mode of the hydrogen gas turbine, the hydrogen source is connected to the combustion chamber 8, and the hydrogen source is disconnected from the hydrogen fuel cell 6; the compressor 3 is connected to the combustion chamber 8, and the compressor 3 is disconnected from the hydrogen fuel cell 6; and compressed air are only delivered to the combustion chamber 8; the combustion chamber 8 is communicated with the turbine 10, the hydrogen fuel cell 6 is disconnected from the turbine 10, and the exhaust gas of the combustion chamber 8 is passed into the turbine 10, which drives the turbine 10 to rotate and then drives the generator 11 generate electricity.

When the system requires full power output, the combined operation mode of hydrogen fuel cell and hydrogen gas turbine is used.

When the system is in the combined operation mode of a hydrogen gas turbine and a hydrogen fuel cell, connect the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 with the hydrogen source respectively; connect the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 with the compressor 3 respectively; connect the hydrogen and compressed air Simultaneously deliver to the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 respectively; the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 are respectively communicated with the turbine 10, and the exhaust gas of the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 is connected to the turbine 10 to drive the turbine 10 to rotate Then drive the generator 11 to generate electricity.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the system of the present invention can meet the demand of a wide power range; by coupling the compressor and the turbine system of the hydrogen gas turbine and the hydrogen fuel cell, the deep coupling of the two is realized, and the full utilization of energy is realized; The machine provides high-pressure air for the combustor of the hydrogen gas turbine and the hydrogen fuel cell, which is conducive to improving its working performance.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined power cycle system of a hydrogen gas turbine and a hydrogen fuel cell described in Embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a combined power cycle system of a hydrogen gas turbine and a hydrogen fuel cell described in Embodiment 2.

Explanation of symbols: 1-electric motor; 2-second compressor; 3-first compressor; 4-A valve; 5-hydrogen storage system; 6-hydrogen fuel cell; 7-B valve; 8-combustion chamber; 9- C valve; 10-turbine; 11-generator; 12-battery pack.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is only exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention and its application.

A combined power cycle system of a hydrogen gas turbine and a hydrogen fuel cell, including a hydrogen fuel cell 6 and a combustion chamber 8, the hydrogen source is divided into two branches and connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 respectively; the compressed air provided by the compressor 3 is divided into The two branches are respectively connected to the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8, and the compressor 3 is driven by an electric motor; the exhaust pipes of the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 are merged and then connected to the turbine 10, which is coaxial with the generator 11 connected to generate electricity, and store the electric energy in the battery pack 12.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , a combined power cycle system of a hydrogen gas turbine and a hydrogen fuel cell provided in this embodiment.

The hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storage system 5 is connected to the inlet of the B valve 7 , the first outlet of the B valve 7 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 6 , and the second outlet of the B valve 7 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the combustion chamber 8 . The hydrogen storage system 5 provides hydrogen for the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 , and controls and distributes the hydrogen flow to the combustion chamber 8 and the hydrogen fuel cell 5 through the B valve 7 .

The compressor 3 can be a low-pressure compressor, a medium-pressure compressor or a high-pressure compressor. The inlet of the compressor 3 is connected to the atmosphere, the outlet of the compressor 3 is connected to the inlet of the A valve 4, the first outlet of the A valve 4 is connected to the air inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 6, and the second outlet of the A valve 4 is connected to the combustion chamber 8 air inlet; compressor 3 is connected with motor 1. After the external air is compressed by the compressor 3, it flows to the A valve 4, and the A valve 4 controls and distributes the air flow to the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8.

The gas outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell 6 is connected to the first inlet of the C valve 9, the gas outlet of the combustion chamber 8 is connected to the second inlet of the C valve 9, the outlet of the C valve 9 is connected to the inlet of the turbine 10, and the exhaust gas enters the turbine 10 And drive the turbine 10 to rotate, the turbine 10 is coaxially connected to the generator 11 to generate electricity, the generator 11 is connected to the battery pack 11 to store electric energy, and the battery pack 11 supplies power to the motor 1 .

A valve 4, B valve 7, and C valve 9 all adopt electric control valves.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 2 , a combined power cycle system of a hydrogen gas turbine and a hydrogen fuel cell provided in this embodiment.

The difference from the system described in Embodiment 1 is that a high-pressure compressor 2 is added on the connecting branch between the compressor 3 and the combustor 8 of the hydrogen gas turbine. The second outlet of the A valve 4 is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure compressor 2, the outlet of the high-pressure compressor 2 is connected to the air inlet of the combustion chamber 8, the compressor 3, the high-pressure compressor 2, and the motor 1 are connected in sequence, and the motor 1 Simultaneously drive the compressor 3 and the high pressure compressor 2.

Likewise, the compressor 3 may be a low-pressure compressor, a medium-pressure compressor or a high-pressure compressor. In this embodiment, the compressor 3 is a low-pressure compressor.

The efficiency and power density of the hydrogen gas turbine increase with the pressure ratio of the compressor, so in order to further improve the power density and efficiency of the hydrogen gas turbine, a high-pressure compressor 2 is added to the single compressor 3 . The air in the environment first flows through the conventional compressor 3, and then flows through the A valve 4 for air flow distribution. Part of the air flowing to the combustion chamber 8 needs to be further compressed by the high-pressure compressor 2 before entering the combustion chamber 8 to realize the hydrogen gas turbine. High power density and high efficiency.

Example 3

This embodiment is used to illustrate the working principle of the combined power cycle system of the hydrogen gas turbine and the hydrogen fuel cell described in the above embodiments 1-2.

The system can work in three operating modes: hydrogen fuel cell 6 alone operation mode, hydrogen gas turbine alone operation mode, hydrogen fuel cell 6 and hydrogen gas turbine combined operation mode.

The hydrogen fuel cell 6 is suitable for a stable working state, and when the system needs to output part of the power with high efficiency, the hydrogen fuel cell operates alone. At this time, the B valve 7 is activated to connect the hydrogen storage system 5 with the hydrogen fuel cell 6, and the hydrogen storage system 5 is disconnected from the combustion chamber 8; the A valve 4 is activated to connect the compressor 3 with the hydrogen fuel cell 6, and the compressor 3 is connected to the combustion chamber 8. The combustion chamber 8 is disconnected; the hydrogen and the compressed air are only sent to the hydrogen fuel cell 6 respectively; the C valve 9 acts to communicate the hydrogen fuel cell 6 with the turbine 10, and the combustion chamber 8 and the turbine 10 are disconnected, and the exhaust gas of the hydrogen fuel cell 6 Lead into the turbine 10, drive the turbine 10 to rotate and then drive the generator 11 to generate electricity.

When the system needs to quickly output high power in a short period of time, due to the fast start-up speed and high power density of the hydrogen gas turbine, the hydrogen gas turbine is used in a separate operation mode. At this time, the B valve 7 acts to communicate the hydrogen storage system 5 with the combustion chamber 8, and the hydrogen storage system 5 is disconnected from the hydrogen fuel cell 6; the A valve 4 operates to communicate the compressor 3 with the combustion chamber 8, and the compressor 3 and the hydrogen The fuel cell 6 is disconnected; the hydrogen and compressed air are only sent to the combustion chamber 8; the C valve 9 is activated to communicate the combustion chamber 8 with the turbine 10, and the hydrogen fuel cell 6 is disconnected from the turbine 10 to pass the exhaust gas of the combustion chamber 8 into the The turbine 10 drives the turbine 10 to rotate and then drives the generator 11 to generate electricity.

When the system requires full power output, the combined operation mode of hydrogen fuel cell 6 and hydrogen gas turbine is used. At this time, the B valve 7 acts to connect the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 with the hydrogen storage system 5 respectively; the A valve 4 acts to connect the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 to the compressor 3 respectively; The air is sent to the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 at the same time; the C valve 9 operates to communicate the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 with the turbine 10 respectively, and the exhaust gas from the hydrogen fuel cell 6 and the combustion chamber 8 is combined and then passed into the turbine 10, drive the turbine 10 to rotate and then drive the generator 11 to generate electricity.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of hydrogen gas turbine and the power circulation system of hydrogen fuel cell combination, including hydrogen fuel cell (6) and combustion chamber (8), it is characterised in that hydrogen source is respectively connecting to hydrogen fuel cell (6) and combustion chamber (8)；Compressor (3) is provided Compressed air be respectively connecting to hydrogen fuel cell (6) and combustion chamber (8), compressor (3) is by motor-driven；Hydrogen The gas exhaust piping of fuel cell (6) and combustion chamber (8) is connected to turbine (10) after converging, turbine (10) is connected with generator (11) Generated electricity；By the connection and open circuit of Valve controlling respective branch.

2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the hydrogen outlet of hydrogen storage system (5) and B valves (7) Entrance connection, the first outlet of B valves (7) is connected to the hydrogen inlet of hydrogen fuel cell (6), the second outlet of B valves (7) It is connected to the hydrogen inlet of combustion chamber (8)；

The entrance of compressor (3) is communicated to air, and the outlet of compressor (3) is connected with the entrance of A valves (4), A valves (4) First outlet is connected to the air intake of hydrogen fuel cell (6), and the second outlet of A valves (4) is connected to the air of combustion chamber (8) Entrance；Compressor (3) is connected with motor；

The gas vent of hydrogen fuel cell (6) is connected with the first entrance of C valves (9), gas vent and the C valves of combustion chamber (8) The second entrance connection of door (9), the outlet of C valves (9) is connected to the entrance of turbine (10), and turbine (10) is with generator (11) even Connect.

3. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the second outlet and high-pressure compressor of the A valves (4) (2) entrance connection, the outlet of high-pressure compressor (2) is connected to the air intake of combustion chamber (8), high-pressure compressor (2) and electricity Motivation is connected.

4. system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that compressor (3), high-pressure compressor (2), motor sequentially connect Connect.

5. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that A valves (4), B valves (7), C valves (9) are using automatically controlled Valve.

6. the system according to claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that system has three kinds of mode of operations：

When system be hydrogen fuel cell (6) isolated operation pattern when, hydrogen source is connected with hydrogen fuel cell (6), hydrogen source and Combustion chamber (8) open circuit；Compressor (3) is connected with hydrogen fuel cell (6), compressor (3) is breaking with combustion chamber (8)；By hydrogen Only it is delivered to hydrogen fuel cell (6) respectively with compressed air；Hydrogen fuel cell (6) is connected with turbine (10), combustion chamber (8) with Turbine (10) open circuit, turbine (10) is passed through by the exhaust of hydrogen fuel cell (6), is driven turbine (10) to rotate and then is driven generator (11) generate electricity；

When system is hydrogen gas turbine isolated operation pattern, hydrogen source is connected with combustion chamber (8), hydrogen source is electric with hydrogen fuel Pond (6) open circuit；Compressor (3) is connected with combustion chamber (8), compressor (3) is breaking with hydrogen fuel cell (6)；By hydrogen and pressure Contracting air is only delivered to combustion chamber (8) respectively；Combustion chamber (8) are connected with turbine (10), hydrogen fuel cell (6) and turbine (10) Open circuit, turbine (10) is passed through by the exhaust of combustion chamber (8), is driven turbine (10) to rotate and then is driven generator (11) to generate electricity；

When system is hydrogen gas turbine and hydrogen fuel cell (6) combined operation approach, by hydrogen fuel cell (6) and combustion chamber (8) connected with hydrogen source respectively；Hydrogen fuel cell (6) and combustion chamber (8) are connected with compressor (3) respectively；By hydrogen and pressure Contracting air is delivered to hydrogen fuel cell (6) and combustion chamber (8) simultaneously respectively；By hydrogen fuel cell (6) and combustion chamber (8) respectively with Turbine (10) is connected, and the exhaust of hydrogen fuel cell (6) and combustion chamber (8) is passed through turbine (10) after converging, and drives turbine (10) to turn Dynamic and then drive generator (11) generates electricity.