CN106906421A - A kind of low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components, its drop stamping technique and its manufacture method - Google Patents
A kind of low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components, its drop stamping technique and its manufacture method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 102
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 102
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 42
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 19
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000018199 S phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000794 TRIP steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Si] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Si] KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components, its microstructure is martensite+austenite, and the chemical element mass percent of the low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components is：C：0.1%~0.3%, Si：0.1%~1.5%, Mn：7%~12%, Al：0.01%~3.0%, N：0.005%~0.010%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity.In addition, the invention also discloses the drop stamping technique of the low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components.Correspondingly, the invention also discloses the manufacture method of the low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components, it includes step successively：1) smelt；2) cast；3) hot rolling；4) pickling；5) it is cold rolling；6) the heating and thermal insulation temperature of drop stamping, wherein drop stamping is 750-830 DEG C, and soaking time is 1-10min, to complete complete austenitizing.The low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components possess tensile strength higher, good plasticity and strength and ductility product higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metallic element and its manufacture method, more particularly to a kind of auto parts and components and its
Manufacture method.
Background technology
In order to reach the purpose of body lightening, security performance raising and energy-saving and emission-reduction, advanced high-strength steel is wide
Automobile manufacturing field is applied to generally, for example, DP steel, CP steel, TRIP steel etc..However, with steel
Plate intensity is improved and thickness is thinning, and in stamping process, bodywork parts are susceptible to cracking, and
The more difficult control of resilience, influences the dimensional accuracy and auto-body assembly of part.Therefore, after shaping intensity it is high, shaping
The complicated drop stamping technique of part shape and drop stamping steel (PHS) are widely used on body structural member,
Front longitudinal, B posts and bumper etc..Drop stamping steel in 1988 first Application in side anticollision
On the front/rear doors of beam SAAB 9000.At present, there are hundreds of millions of drop stamping steel every year in the world
Part is produced, and the part that production drop stamping is made of a steel is used more than 5.5 hundred million in the whole world in 2014.
The extensive use of drop stamping steel can be attributed to the advantages below that modern hot forming techniques possess：1)
The complicated part of face shaping can be formed at high temperature, and the part has full martensite microstructure and surpasses
High-tensile；2) due to shaping at high temperature after there is no resilience, dimensional accuracy is high；3) can be in table
Face is coated with the aluminium silicon coating of anticorrosion ability.Further, since technological diffusion and efficient production capacity, make
Obtaining hot formed lightweight scheme has significant economic benefit.It has been designed that, manufactured and commercially sold
Substantial amounts of automobile drop stamping part typically constituted more than the 20% of body structure.
At present, widely used hot press-formed steel is boron-containing steel 22MnB5 (0.22C~1.2Mn, wt.%).
The production technology of 22MnB5 steel is after being incubated 6~10 minutes at 930~950 DEG C, by subsequent heat punching
Pressure and die quenching so that formation of parts obtains 1500MPa tensile strength and about 6% percentage of total elongation.
However, the more positive complete vehicle quality loss of weight scheme of the fuel economy requirement in future.In consideration of it, enterprise's phase
Obtain that a kind of intensity is higher and the more preferable steel of plasticity on the premise of staying in guarantee low cost, to realize the next generation
The lightweight of body construction.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components, and the auto parts and components are simultaneous
Tool tensile strength and good plasticity higher.Additionally, low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention
Also there is strength and ductility product higher.
To achieve these goals, the present invention proposes a kind of low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components, its microcosmic group
It is woven to martensite+austenite；The chemical element mass percent of the low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components is：
C：0.1%~0.3%；
Si：0.1%~1.5%；
Mn：7%~12%；
Al：0.01%~3.0%；
N：0.005%~0.010%；
P≤0.02%；
S≤0.02%；
Balance of Fe and other inevitable impurity.
The design principle of each chemical element in low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention is：
Carbon：C can improve the hardness of martensite as solution strengthening element, so as to lift the intensity of steel grade.
Meanwhile, C may also operate as the effect of stable residual austenite, so as to promote a certain proportion of austenite stabilization
To room temperature, the plasticity of steel grade is thus improved during part deformation.But, when C content is too high, meeting
Deteriorate the welding performance of steel.For this, the C content in auto parts and components of the present invention should be defined to
0.1%~0.3%.
Silicon：Si is displacement solid solution alloy element, and it can promote enrichments of the C in austenite so that in steel
Stabilization of austenite increase, improve the intensity of steel grade, and improve its toughness to a certain extent.Meanwhile,
The activity of C can be improved due to Si, it is suppressed that the formation of transgranular and interface carbide.In addition, solid solution
Si can also influence the interaction between dislocation, improve preliminary work hardening rate and uniform elongation.However,
Si can form the complex oxide of some low melting points, and the Si of high level can bring not to hot rolling surface quality
Profit influence.Therefore, auto parts and components Si contents of the present invention need to be set as 0.1%~1.5%.
Manganese：Mn belongs to solution strengthening element, can reduce austenitizing heating with the austenite in stabilized steel
Cooldown rate necessary to martensite is obtained afterwards, and improves the through hardening performance of steel.Mn is used as expansion γ phase regions
Element, can reduce the temperature of Ae3 points and Ae1 points, so as to delay pearlitic transformation, while reducing shellfish
Family name's body phase temperature.Inventor has found that the Mn of different content can produce influence to phase transition temperature.Ae3 points and
The temperature of Ae1 points can be reduced with the increase of Mn contents.Therefore, by improving the Mn contents in steel,
The temperature of austenitizing can be significantly reduced, so as to the heating temperature needed for traditional drop stamping steel is greatly reduced
Degree, reaches the purpose of low temperature drop stamping.Meanwhile, the raising of Mn contents also causes that the stability of austenite is big
Amplitude ground increases, certain so as to after part drop stamping and die quenching, retain in microstructure
The austenite of volume fraction, so as to produce phase-change induced plastic (TRIP) effect during part deformation,
To improve the obdurability of part.In consideration of it, Mn contents in auto parts and components of the present invention compared to
Mn contents in the drop stamping steel 22MnB5 of prior art are (Mn contents are 1~3%) higher, by it
Content is set as 7%~12%.Mn contents in auto parts and components of the invention are 7%~12%, Mn
Element can improve the hardness of martensite and austenite as solution strengthening element, so that significantly by steel
The tensile strength planted is lifted beyond 1750MPa.
Aluminium and nitrogen：As the unimach of 1800MPa ranks, it is necessary to pay close attention to prolonging for such steel grade emphatically
Slow cracking property.The addition of Al can significantly decrease the delayed fracture tendency of super-high strength steel, and its reason is：
One side Al can form Al in surface of steel plate2O3Particle and film, hinder H atom to steel plate inside
Diffusion；Another aspect Al can be combined with N, the precipitation of AlN be formed in intra-die, as H traps
Hinder the movement of steel plate inside H.Further, since Al cannot the solid solution in carbide, carbon can also be reduced
Compound is separated out in crystal boundary, and grain boundary carbide is one of main source of crack initiation, such that it is able to enter one
Step improves the plasticity of steel grade.The addition of Al can also retain to room a part from δ-ferrite that liquid phase is separated out
Temperature, optimizes seam organization, welding seam toughness is lifted, so as to improve the welding performance of steel grade.Based on of the invention
Technical scheme is, it is necessary to by Al content control between 0.01%~3.0% scope.At the same time, it is based on
Above-mentioned technical proposal, carries out chemical combination, in automobile of the present invention zero to retain a certain amount of N and Al
N content in part should be designed to 0.005%~0.010%.
Based on above-mentioned technical proposal, the major impurity in low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention
Element is p and ses, and this two impurity elements should be controlled more few better, the automobile zero for thus being obtained
Part is purer.However, according to the actual smelting level of production process, controlling lower by impurity element
Produced manufacturing cost is also higher.The degree of purity index of comprehensive steel and the control of manufacturing cost, will be miscellaneous
Prime element P and S are respectively set as：P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%.
Further, in low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention each chemical element content is expired
Foot：24.2C (%) -2.8Si (%)+Mn (%) -10.1Al (%) >=-15, C, Si in formula,
Mn and Al represent the mass percent of respective element respectively, that is to say, that C, Si, Mn, Al in formula
The numerical value of substitution is the numerical value before percentage sign, such as during C content is 0.2% embodiment, C in the formula
Substitution numerical value be exactly 0.2.
In the technical program, although the addition of Mn can reduce complete austenitizing temperature, due to this
Also need to add other alloying elements to ensure mechanical property in the described auto parts and components of invention, and these
Element may improve austenitizing temperature, therefore, in order to realize the low heating-up temperature technique of low temperature drop stamping,
The influence of other alloying elements must simultaneously be considered.Inventor sends out during long-term research experiment
Existing, it is C, Si, Mn and Al, wherein C drops that four elements the most significant are influenceed on steel grade austenitizing
The effect of low austenitizing temperature is the strongest, although Mn elements can also reduce austenitizing temperature,
Capability of influence is limited；And the addition of Si and Al and the effect of C and Mn are conversely, will greatly improve completely
Austenitizing temperature, and Al is several times as much as Si to the ability that austenitizing temperature is lifted.Based on this, this case
Inventor devises above-mentioned formula according to lot of experiments, to realize the purpose of low austenitizing temperature.
Further, in low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention, above-mentioned austenite is compared
Example is 5~20%.
By the control of the Phase Proportion of the austenite in auto parts and components of the present invention 5~20% scope it
Between the reason for be：When austenite content is less than 5%, phase-change induced plastic (TRIP effects) is for improving
Impact absorption can not be notable；It is unfavorable when austenite content is more than 20%, it is desirable to alloying element content higher
In welding performance, simultaneously because austenite content is too high, tensile strength is caused to decline.
Further, the chemical element in low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention also has 0 ＜
Nb≤0.5%, 0 ＜ V≤1.0%, 0 ＜ Ti≤0.5% at least one.
Either above-mentioned alloy element Nb, the single addition or compound addition of V and/or Ti can act as
The effect of crystal grain refinement, and improve the stability of austenite in steel, so as to improve the microstructure of steel
And combination property.The species of above-mentioned alloying element can according to actual needs be designed addition.
Further, the tensile strength >=1750MPa of low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention,
Elongation >=10%.
One of plasticity index due to evaluation steel includes elongation, and elongation is bigger, the plasticity of steel
Better, the performance that it can undergo permanent deformation before external force destruction is subjected to is better, therefore, zero, automobile
Elongation >=10% of part is beneficial to improve the collision safety performance of the automotive safety part being made up of the steel grade.
Low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention can pass through drop stamping technique system by following steel plates
, the chemical element mass percent of the steel plate is：
C：0.1%~0.3%, Si：0.1%~1.5%, Mn：7%~12%, Al：0.01%~3.0%,
N：0.005%~0.010%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, balance of Fe are inevitably miscellaneous with other
Matter.
In some embodiments, the microstructure of the steel plate is martensite.The tensile strength of the steel plate >=
1300MPa。
In some embodiments, the microstructure of the steel plate is ferrite+austenite.The steel plate it is anti-
Tensile strength >=800MPa.
Further, the chemical element content of above-mentioned steel plate meets：24.2C%-2.8Si%+Mn%-10.1Al%
>=-15, C, Si, Mn and Al in formula represent the mass percent of respective element respectively.
Further, above-mentioned steel plate also have 0 ＜ Nb≤0.5%, 0 ＜ V≤1.0%, 0 ＜ Ti≤0.5%
At least one.
Above-mentioned steel plate can be obtained by following manufacture methods, and the manufacture method includes step successively：
(1) smelt；
(2) cast；
(3) hot rolling；
(4) cover annealing；
(5) pickling；
(6) it is cold rolling.
Wherein, in the step (3), heating strand to controlled rolling after 1200~1250 DEG C is opened
It is 950~1150 DEG C to roll temperature, and finishing temperature is 800~900 DEG C, and coiling temperature is 500~800 DEG C, so
After be cooled to room temperature.
In the step (4), annealing temperature is 580~860 DEG C, and soaking time is 6h~96h.
In the step (5), cold rolling reduction ratio is 40~65%, all horses of microstructure of acquisition
Family name's body tissue.
Using this manufacture method, the steel plate that microstructure is full martensite, the tension of the steel plate can be manufactured
Intensity is of a relatively high, can reach more than 1300MPa.
Above-mentioned steel plate can also be obtained by following methods, and the method includes step successively：
(1) smelt；
(2) cast；
(3) hot rolling；
(4) cover annealing；
(5) pickling；
(6) it is cold rolling；
(7) cold rolling after annealing.
Wherein, in the step (3), heating strand to controlled rolling after 1200~1250 DEG C is opened
It is 950~1150 DEG C to roll temperature, and finishing temperature is 800~900 DEG C, and coiling temperature is 500~800 DEG C, so
After be cooled to room temperature.
In the step (6), cold rolling reduction ratio is 40~65%.
In the step (4), annealing temperature is 580~860 DEG C, and soaking time is 6~96h.
In the step (7), annealing temperature is 500~800 DEG C, and cold rolling after annealing can be using continuous
Annealing or cover annealing, it is 60 seconds~900 seconds to use the soaking time of continuous annealing, is moved back using bell furnace
The soaking time of fire is 1h~48h.
Compared to former manufacture method, the manufacture method increased after hot-rolled step and cold rolling step and move back
Fiery step, can so obtain the steel plate that microstructure is ferrite+austenite, and this steel plate is than foregoing
Full martensite steel plate it is relatively soft, intensity also reduced, and its tensile strength can reach more than 800MPa,
But the difficulty of processing of subsequent step can be reduced using steel plate obtained in the method.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention
The heating and thermal insulation temperature of drop stamping technique, wherein drop stamping is 750~830 DEG C, and soaking time is 1-10min,
To complete complete austenitizing.
Compared to drop stamping technique of the prior art, the drop stamping temperature in the technical program is relatively low, heating
Holding temperature is only 750~830 DEG C.Because the manganese content in auto parts and components of the present invention is designed as
7%~12% so that steel of the invention have more compared to existing steel (for example, 22MnB5 steel)
Low austenitizing temperature, so, just can be by heat of the prior art from there through the design of Mn contents
The heating and thermal insulation temperature of punching press is reduced to 750~830 DEG C, the heating in drop stamping step from 930~950 DEG C
Holding temperature is once greatly reduced, then the thermal energy consumption needed for the step will also be significantly decreased.
Meanwhile, in auto parts and components of the invention 7%~12% manganese content can also improve steel in austenite it is steady
Qualitatively act on.Once Part temperature is reduced to room temperature, (TRIP is imitated will to produce phase-change induced plastic effect
Should), the obdurability of part can be both improved, the low-heat punching press heating during part forming can be reduced again
Holding temperature.
Further, the drop stamping technique is specially：Heating guarantor is carried out using nitrogen protection in heating furnace
Temperature, it is 750~830 DEG C to control the heating and thermal insulation temperature, and the soaking time is 1~10min, with complete
Into complete austenitizing；Then blank is put into carries out hot press-formed, drop stamping pressurize in hot stamping die
Time is 3~15 seconds, and stamping press is 400~800 tons；After the completion of hot press-formed, blank is in drop stamping
Cooled down in mould.
When blank is cooled to room temperature in hot stamping die, phase-change induced plastic effect (TRIP is produced in steel
Effect), Martensitic Transformation causes the plasticity of steel to raise, and not only increases the strong modeling of auto parts and components
Property, also reduce the thermal energy consumption in auto parts and components manufacturing process.
A further object of the present invention there are provided the system of low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention
Make method.Zero, automobile having both compared with high-tensile and good plasticity can be obtained by the manufacture method
Part.
In order to reach foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides a kind of manufacture of low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components
Method, it includes step successively：
(1) smelt；
(2) cast；
(3) hot rolling；
(4) pickling；
(5) it is cold rolling；
(6) the heating and thermal insulation temperature of drop stamping, wherein drop stamping is 750~830 DEG C, and soaking time is
1-10min, to complete complete austenitizing.
The core of above-mentioned manufacture method is drop stamping step, and the heating and thermal insulation temperature in drop stamping step exists
Greatly reduced on the premise of ensuring the whole austenitizing of the microstructure in steel, that is to say, that heating
Holding temperature is only 750~830 DEG C.Because the manganese content in auto parts and components of the present invention is designed as
7%~12% so that steel of the invention have more compared to existing steel (for example, 22MnB5 steel)
Low austenitizing temperature, so, just can be by heat of the prior art from there through the design of Mn contents
The heating and thermal insulation temperature of punching press is reduced to 750~830 DEG C, the heating in drop stamping step from 930~950 DEG C
Holding temperature is once greatly reduced, then the thermal energy consumption needed for the step will also be significantly decreased.
Meanwhile, in auto parts and components of the invention 7%~12% manganese content can also improve steel in austenite it is steady
Qualitatively act on.Once Part temperature is reduced to room temperature, (TRIP is imitated will to produce phase-change induced plastic effect
Should), the obdurability of part can be both improved, the low-heat punching press heating during part forming can be reduced again
Holding temperature.
It should be noted that for the drop stamping technique of low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention
Equipment is identical with the equipment of existing drop stamping technique, without carrying out scrap build.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (3), by heating strand to controlled rolling after 1200~1250 DEG C,
Start rolling temperature is 950~1150 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 800~900 DEG C, and coiling temperature is 500~800 DEG C,
Room temperature is subsequently cooled to, makes microstructure be full martensitic structure.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (5), cold rolling reduction ratio is 40~65%.
Further, in above-mentioned steps (6), heating and thermal insulation is carried out using nitrogen protection in heating furnace,
It is 750~830 DEG C to control heating and thermal insulation temperature, and soaking time is 1~10min, to complete complete austenite
Change；Then blank is put into hot stamping die carry out it is hot press-formed, the drop stamping dwell time be 3~15
Second, stamping press is 400~800 tons；After the completion of hot press-formed, blank is cooled down in hot stamping die.
When blank is cooled to room temperature in hot stamping die, phase-change induced plastic effect (TRIP is produced in steel
Effect), Martensitic Transformation causes the plasticity of steel to raise, and not only increases the strong modeling of auto parts and components
Property, also reduce the thermal energy consumption in auto parts and components manufacturing process.
In step (6), for most of parts, in above-mentioned heating and thermal insulation temperature and soaking time
In the range of can meet it is hot press-formed the need for.However, when part shape is complex and size is larger
When, preferably improve heating and thermal insulation temperature as far as possible within the above range, and extend soaking time as much as possible.
By the drop stamping dwell time control between 3~15 seconds the reason for be：When drop stamping dwell time mistake
It is short, if the drop stamping dwell time, less than 3 seconds, most of martensite may not yet occur phase because temperature is too high
Become so that part goes out after mould a certain proportion of phase transformation to cause resilience, so as to influence the size essence of part
Degree.
Further, also there is step (3a) bell furnace to move back between above-mentioned steps (3) and step (4)
Fire, wherein annealing temperature are 580~860 DEG C, and soaking time is 6~96h.
Because Mn contents in the inventive solutions are higher, it is hot rolled after steel billet it is harder, carry out
Next step is cold rolling may be relatively difficult, it is therefore desirable to carries out cover annealing to coil of strip before pickling, passes through
Two-phase section is incubated so that Mn elements partition between ferrite and austenite, so that in increasing austenite
Mn contents, improve stabilization of austenite.During steel billet is cooled to room temperature, it becomes possible to improve steel plate
Plasticity.By after cold rolling step, the austenite in steel will be again transformed into martensite.
It should be noted that when cold rolling mill rolling power is stronger, or hot rolled plate thinner thickness is (under cold rolling
Rate is small), or the low hot rolled plate of steel grade alloying component content hardness it is less in the case of, cover annealing this
One step can be saved.
Further, also there is step (5a) cold rolling retrogressing between above-mentioned steps (5) and step (6)
Fire, wherein annealing temperature be 500~800 DEG C, the cold rolling after annealing be continuous annealing or cover annealing,
It is 60 seconds~900 seconds wherein to use the soaking time of continuous annealing, use the soaking time of cover annealing for
1h~48h.
Inventor has found to increase a time annealing after cold rolling, can to a certain degree reduce bending for drop stamping part
Take intensity.That is, the steel plate after cold rolling be used directly for it is hot press-formed, it is also possible to cold rolling and
A time annealing process is further added by between drop stamping step so that the partial martensite in steel is again transformed into Austria
Family name's body, so as to reduce the hardness of steel, is easy to uncoiling blanking.Therefore, can be needed according to production cold to increase and decrease
The step for rolling after annealing.
Technical scheme by the reasonable control to alloying component, especially for Mn, Al and N
The precise control of constituent content.The content of Mn elements is carried from 1~3% in the 22MnB5 of prior art
Up to 7%~12%, be on the one hand conducive to the stabilization of austenite so that produce martensitic traoformation to lure in steel
Plastic effect (TRIP effects) is led, thus the intensity and plasticity of steel is improved, heat is on the other hand reduced
The heating and thermal insulation temperature of punching press.Meanwhile, control the content of Al and N element that super-high strength steel is greatly reduced
Delayed fracture is inclined to, and a part is retained to room temperature from δ-ferrite that liquid phase is separated out, and is welded by optimizing
Seam tissue improves welding performance, so as to further lift the plasticity and solderability of steel grade.
In addition, the addition quantity of the alloy species of technical scheme is few, Nb, V and/or Ti are
It is preferred that the alloying element for adding, on the premise of the microstructure and mechanical property for ensuring steel, further
Optimize the addition of alloying element so that technical scheme is more economical, and productivity effect is more preferable.
Low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention possess intensity higher, and its tensile strength >=
1750MPa, while also having elongation >=10% concurrently.
Additionally, compared to existing drop stamping steel 22MnB5, low temperature drop stamping automobile of the present invention
Parts possess more excellent strong plasticity, are conducive to improving what is be made up of auto parts and components of the present invention
The impact resistant security performance of auto parts.
Tensile strength can be obtained by the manufacture method of low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention
Height, plasticity is good, the steel that tensile ductility is good and strong plasticity is excellent.
In addition, the heating and thermal insulation temperature of the drop stamping technique of low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention
Low, thermal energy consumption is few, cost input economy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is different Mn contents for austenite phase transformation started temperature (Ae1) and phase transformation knot under poised state
The graph of a relation of Shu Wendu (Ae3) influences.
Fig. 2 is low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components and traditional drop stamping steel 22MnB5 in embodiment A
Stress strain curve comparison diagram.
Fig. 3 shows the microstructure form of the low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components in embodiment A.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with brief description of the drawings and specific embodiment to low temperature drop stamping automobile zero of the present invention
Part, its drop stamping technique and its manufacture method make further explanation, but the explanation and explanation
Improper restriction is not constituted to technical scheme.
Embodiment A-F and comparative example G
Auto parts and components in above-described embodiment and comparative example are obtained using following step：
(1) smelt：Using converter smelting, control the mass percent of each chemical element as shown in table 1；
(2) cast：Continuous casting obtains strand；
(3) hot rolling：By heating strand to controlled rolling after 1200~1250 DEG C, start rolling temperature is 950~
1150 DEG C, finishing temperature is 800~900 DEG C, and hot rolling plate thickness is normally controlled between 3~4mm, volume
Temperature is taken for 500~800 DEG C, room temperature is subsequently cooled to, makes microstructure be full martensitic structure；
(3a) anneals：Using cover annealing, annealing temperature is 580~860 DEG C, 6~96h of annealing time,
Containing the austenite of certain volume fraction in the microstructure obtained after annealing, to improve the plasticity of steel plate, just
It is cold rolling in postorder；
(4) pickling：Pickling with remove heating of plate blank, hot rolling, batch and in process of bell type annealing produce oxygen
Change iron sheet, improve surface quality；
(5) it is cold rolling：Cold rolling reduction ratio is controlled for 40~65%, will roll rear steel plate thickness control 3mm with
Under；
(5a) cold rolling after annealing：Annealing temperature is 500~800 DEG C, and the cold rolling after annealing is continuous annealing
Or cover annealing, wherein the soaking time for using continuous annealing is 60 seconds~900 seconds, using bell-type
The soaking time of furnace annealing is 1h~48h；
(6) uncoiling blanking；
(7) drop stamping：Using nitrogen to protect in heating furnace carries out heating and thermal insulation to improve component surface matter
Amount, it is 750~830 DEG C to control heating and thermal insulation temperature, and soaking time is 1~10min, to complete complete Austria
Family name's body；Then blank is put into hot stamping die carry out it is hot press-formed, the drop stamping dwell time be 3~
15 seconds, stamping press was 400~800 tons；After the completion of hot press-formed, blank is cooled down in hot stamping die.
In addition, in step (1), can also be smelted using electric furnace or induction furnace.
Additionally, after step (7), using with traditional drop stamping steel same process step, including laser
Cutting, Shot Blasting etc., and carry out finished product storage.
In addition, it is necessary to explanation, in embodiment A-F, what is obtained after step (5a) is ferrite
+ austenitic steel.This steel, relatively soft, its difficulty that can reduce subsequent processing operations.Certainly, exist
In other embodiment, it is also possible to do not carry out step (3a) and (5a), the steel plate being achieved in that is full horse
Family name's body steel plate, it will have intensity higher.
Comparative example G is 22MnB5 steel auto parts and components of the prior art.
Table 1 lists the mass percent of each chemical element in the auto parts and components of embodiment and comparative example.
Table 1. (wt%, balance of Fe and the other impurities element in addition to impurity element S and P)
Table 2 lists the specific process parameter of the manufacture method of the auto parts and components of embodiment and comparative example.
Table 2
Auto parts and components sampling to above-described embodiment and comparative example, carries out every Mechanics Performance Testing, will try
The related mechanical property that test is obtained is listed in Table 3 below.
Table 3 lists the mechanical property parameters of the auto parts and components of embodiment A-F and comparative example G.
Table 3
| Sequence number | ||||
| A | 886 | 1760 | 10.4 | 18.3 |
| B | 834 | 1773 | 11.2 | 19.9 |
| C | 915 | 1790 | 10.5 | 18.8 |
| D | 937 | 1854 | 11.9 | 22.1 |
| E | 895 | 1833 | 13.5 | 24.7 |
| F | 879 | 1792 | 14.7 | 26.3 |
| G | 1062 | 1518 | 6.3 | 9.6 |
With reference to table 1 and table 3 as can be seen that the Mn contents of comparative example G are only 1.24%.Compared to contrast
Example G (22MnB5 steel), the yield strength of the auto parts and components of embodiment A-F >=834MPa, tension
Intensity >=1760MPa, elongation >=10.4%, illustrate that these auto parts and components possess intensity higher
More good plasticity, especially possesses tensile strength higher.In addition, compared to comparative example G
The strength and ductility product R of (22MnB5 steel)m×A50Only 9.6GPa%, the strong modeling of the auto parts and components of embodiment
Product Rm×A50>=18.3GPa%, is the auto parts and components for more than twice of its strength and ductility product illustrating embodiment
Possesses more excellent obdurability level, the impact absorption performance of the part being made up of these auto parts and components is more
It is good.
Understand that the drop stamping heating and thermal insulation temperature of comparative example G is up to 930 DEG C with reference to the content of table 2 and table 3,
The thermal energy consumption of its thermal energy consumption to be needed significantly larger than embodiment.However, the auto parts and components of embodiment
In the case where high intensity, good plasticity and high strength and ductility is ensured, drop stamping heating and thermal insulation temperature is reduced
More than 100 DEG C, thermal energy consumption is significantly saved.
Fig. 1 shows different Mn contents with austenite phase transformation started temperature (Ae1) and phase transformation under poised state
Relation between end temp (Ae3).
As shown in figure 1, the Mn of different content can produce influence to phase transition temperature.With the increasing of Mn contents
Plus, the temperature of Ae1 points is gradually reduced.Similarly, the temperature of Ae3 points also can be with the increase of Mn contents
And reduce.Thus, by carrying high Mn content, the austenitizing temperature of steel can be significantly reduced, so that greatly
The traditional drop stamping steel of width reduction reaches low temperature drop stamping in the heating and thermal insulation temperature needed for drop stamping step
Purpose.Meanwhile, Mn reduces the temperature of Ae3 points and Ae1 points as the element for expanding γ phase regions,
Delay pearlitic transformation to play, reduce the effect of bainitic transformation temperature.
Fig. 2 shows low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components and traditional drop stamping steel in embodiment A
Contrast between the stress strain curve of 22MnB5.
As shown in Fig. 2 due to undergoing phase transition induced plastic during rolling deformation, in steel, (TRIP is imitated
Should), the tensile strength and elongation of the low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of embodiment A are all higher than 22MnB5
The tensile strength and elongation of steel auto parts and components.Strength and ductility product is the tensile strength of steel and multiplying for percentage of total elongation
Product, it is the integrated performance index for characterizing its obdurability level.The stretching that its numerical approximation ground is equal to steel is bent
The area that line is surrounded, energy or external force which show steel absorbed in tension test process break sample
When institute's work.Understand that the strength and ductility product of the auto parts and components of embodiment A is with reference to the content of Fig. 2 and Biao 3
It is more than the twice of the 22MnB5 steel auto parts and components of comparative example G.Thus the automobile zero of the embodiment is illustrated
Part while higher-strength and good plasticity is had concurrently, also with strength and ductility product higher.
Fig. 3 shows the microstructure of the low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components in embodiment A.
As shown in figure 3, the microstructure of the low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of embodiment A is martensite+Austria
Family name's body, wherein, the part that red is highlighted is austenite, and the Phase Proportion of austenite is about 12%.
In sum, technical scheme is joined by controlling rational composition design and the technique of optimization
Number, in the case of substantially without expensive alloy element, by manganese element, aluminium element and nitrogen into
Set up meter separately, manufactured out using phase-change induced plastic effect (TRIP effects) and have high intensity and excellent concurrently
Plasticity and compared with the auto parts and components of high strength and ductility.The part or the impact resistant of safety member being made up of auto parts and components
Have a safety feature.
In addition, the manufacture method of low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components of the present invention need not carry out equipment changing
Make, can apply on conventional automobile board assembly line and drop stamping production line.
Additionally, being based on technical scheme, the heating and thermal insulation temperature of drop stamping reduces more than 100 DEG C,
Thermal energy consumption is significantly reduced, industrial efficiency is improve, production cost has been saved.
It should be noted that listed above is only specific embodiment of the invention, it is clear that the invention is not restricted to
Above example, the similar change for having many therewith.If those skilled in the art discloses from the present invention
Content all deformations for directly deriving or associating, protection scope of the present invention all should be belonged to.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components, it is characterised in that its microstructure is martensite+austenite,
The chemical element mass percent of the low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components is：
C：0.1%~0.3%, Si：0.1%~1.5%, Mn：7%~12%, Al：0.01%~3.0%,
N：0.005%~0.010%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, balance of Fe are inevitable with other
Impurity.
2. low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the austenite
Phase Proportion is 5~20%.
3. low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that its chemical element is also
With 0 ＜ Nb≤0.5%, 0 ＜ V≤1.0%, 0 ＜ Ti≤0.5% at least one.
4. low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that its tensile strength >=
1750MPa, elongation >=10%.
5. low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components as described in any one in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that
Its chemical element content meets：24.2C-2.8Si+Mn-10.1Al >=-15, C, Si, Mn in formula
Represent the mass percent of respective element respectively with Al.
6. the drop stamping technique of the low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components as described in any one in claim 1-5,
It is characterized in that：The heating and thermal insulation temperature of drop stamping is 750~830 DEG C, and soaking time is 1-10min,
To complete complete austenitizing.
7. drop stamping technique as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that protected using nitrogen in heating furnace
Heating and thermal insulation is carried out, it is 750~830 DEG C to control the heating and thermal insulation temperature, and the soaking time is
1~10min, to complete complete austenitizing；Then blank is put into hot stamping die carries out heat
Stamping, the drop stamping dwell time is 3~15 seconds, and stamping press is 400~800 tons；Drop stamping
After the completion of shaping, blank is cooled down in hot stamping die.
8. the manufacture method of the low temperature drop stamping auto parts and components as described in any one in claim 1-5, its
Include step successively：
(1) smelt；
(2) cast；
(3) hot rolling；
(4) pickling；
(5) it is cold rolling；
(6) the heating and thermal insulation temperature of drop stamping, wherein drop stamping is 750~830 DEG C, soaking time
It is 1-10min, to complete complete austenitizing.
9. manufacture method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that in the step (3), will cast
Base be heated to 1200~1250 DEG C after controlled rolling, start rolling temperature be 950~1150 DEG C, finishing temperature
It it is 800~900 DEG C, coiling temperature is 500~800 DEG C, is subsequently cooled to room temperature, makes microstructure
It is martensitic structure.
10. manufacture method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that cold rolling in the step (5)
Reduction ratio is 40~65%.
11. manufacture methods as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that in the step (6), are adding
In hot stove using nitrogen protection carry out heating and thermal insulation, control the heating and thermal insulation temperature be 750~
830 DEG C, the soaking time is 1~10min, to complete complete austenitizing；Then blank is put
To enter carry out in hot stamping die hot press-formed, the drop stamping dwell time is 3~15 seconds, and stamping press is
400~800 tons；After the completion of hot press-formed, blank is cooled down in hot stamping die.
12. manufacture methods as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that in the step (3) and step (4)
Between also have step (3a) cover annealing, wherein annealing temperature be 580~860 DEG C, insulation
Time is 6~96h.
13. manufacture methods as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that in the step (5) and step (6)
Between also have step (5a) cold rolling after annealing, wherein annealing temperature be 500~800 DEG C, it is described
Cold rolling after annealing uses continuous annealing or cover annealing, wherein use the soaking time of continuous annealing for
60 seconds~900 seconds, the soaking time for using cover annealing was 1h~48h.
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