CN106906428B - Hard austenitic stainless steel for conveyor belt and manufacturing method and application thereof - Google Patents
Hard austenitic stainless steel for conveyor belt and manufacturing method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001199 N alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008813 Sn—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides hard austenitic stainless steel for a conveyor belt and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the austenitic stainless steel comprises the following chemical components: c: 0.07 to 0.10 mass%, Si: less than 1.0 mass%, Mn: less than 2.0 mass%, Cr: 16.5 to 17.5 mass%, Ni: 6.5-7.0 mass%, N: 0.02 to 0.04 mass%, V: 0.4 to 0.6 mass%, P: 0.040 mass% or less, S: less than or equal to 0.01 mass%, and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurity elements. On the basis of chemical components of common 301 stainless steel, a small amount of V is added, and the proportion of each alloy component is optimized, so that especially the Nieq is ensured to be 18.9-21, and the fluctuation range of the performance after the same quenching and tempering cold rolling process is reduced; the total reduction rate of the quenching and tempering cold rolling is reduced, the cold rolling reduction rate of a single pass is reduced, and conditions are provided for improving the plate shape.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to hard austenitic stainless steel, in particular to hard austenitic stainless steel for a conveyor belt and a manufacturing method thereof, which are mainly applied to manufacturing conveyor belts in the industries of chemical industry, pressing plates, food and the like.
Background
The stainless steel strip used for manufacturing the conveyor belts in the industries of chemical engineering, embossing plates, food and the like needs good corrosion resistance to improve the service life, high yield strength (yield strength is more than 930MPa) and proper hardness range (HRC is 35-42) to avoid deformation during impact, good plate shape to ensure the shape of the conveyed product, and the width of the steel strip is required to be more than 1500mm in order to reduce the longitudinal welding pass. The search results shown in table 1 appeared by inputting keywords for hard and austenitic stainless steels. Patent CN201210050809.6 discloses a non-magnetic hard nickel-saving austenitic stainless steel and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein an austenite structure at room temperature is obtained by replacing Ni element with C, N element, so that expensive Ni element is effectively reduced, and cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the corrosion resistance is improved by utilizing the synergistic effect of Cr, Mo and N. Patent CN201310728556.8 discloses a non-magnetic hard austenitic stainless steel for precision electronics and a manufacturing method thereof, which compensates the adverse effect of nickel element reduction and manganese addition on nitric acid corrosion resistance through Cu-Mo-Sn-Si alloying, and simultaneously controls the Md30 temperature to be lower than-75 ℃, ensures that no martensite phase transformation is generated when the cold working deformation of the material is less than 50%, and ensures that the hard material is thrown away to keep the non-magnetic characteristic.
Table 1 search results of hard and austenitic stainless steels
The patents relating to the input of the hard stainless steel strip are shown in table 2. The production methods of patents CN200810033663.8, CN200810033652.X, CN200810033654.9, CN200810033665.7 and CN200810033662.3 are respectively 1/4 hard state, semi-hard state, 3/4 hard state, hard state and super hard state of 301 stainless steel, the corresponding hardness HV requirements are respectively 240-290, 310-370, 370-430, 430-490 and 490-550, the rolling passes are respectively 1 pass, 2 passes, 3 passes and 7 passes, and the adopted reduction is respectively 6-8%, 12-15%, 30-33%, 43-48% and 60-70%.
The production methods of patents CN200810033649.8, CN200810033653.4, CN200810033656.8 and CN200810033651.5 and the production methods of 304 stainless steel 1/4 hard state, semi-hard state, 3/4 hard state and full hard state respectively have the corresponding hardness HV requirements of 210-250, 250-290, 320-360, 380-420 respectively, the rolling passes are 1 pass, 2 passes and 3 passes respectively, and the adopted reduction amount is 5-7%, 10-12%, 23-25% and 42-45% respectively.
The patent CN201210147982.8 discloses a production method of a 3/4 hard 304 precision stainless steel band, the hardness HV is 310-370, the processing deformation rate of rolling is 19-23%, and single-pass rolling is carried out. The differences from the patent CN200810033656.8 mainly lie in the temperature, holding time and atmosphere of intermediate annealing, the reduction of rolling and the rolling pass.
Patent CN201010584922.3 discloses a production method of 201 hard steel, in which 1.6mm intermediate product is cold-rolled to 0.8mm finished product, the rolling reduction is 50%, and the hardness HV can reach above 400. Patent CN201310413492.2 discloses a production process of cold-rolled hard stainless steel strip, which comprises a hot straightening stress relief annealing treatment, and the process comprises: and straightening and annealing the finished stainless steel band in a protective gas in a stress annealing furnace to obtain the cold-rolled hard stainless steel band. Patent CN201410426325.6 provides a method for producing stainless steel strip stock with a thickness of 4.0mm by rolling into stainless steel strip with a strip thickness of 1.6 mm.
TABLE 2 patent search results for hard stainless steels
| Patent publication No. 2 | Patent name |
| CN200810033663.8 | Production method of 1/4 hard 301 precision stainless steel band |
| CN200810033652.X | Production method of semi-hard 301 precision stainless steel band |
| CN200810033654.9 | Production method of 3/4 hard 301 precision stainless steel band |
| CN200810033665.7 | Production method of hard 301 precision stainless steel band |
| CN200810033662.3 | Production method of super-hard 301 precision stainless steel band |
| CN200810033649.8 | Production method of 1/4 hard 304 precision stainless steel band |
| CN200810033653.4 | Production method of semi-hard 304 precision stainless steel band |
| CN200810033656.8 | Production method of 3/4 hard 304 precision stainless steel band |
| CN201210147982.8 | Production method of 3/4 hard 304 precision steel strip |
| CN200810033651.5 | Production method of hard 304 precision stainless steel band |
| CN201010584922.3 | Cold rolling method for hard stainless steel strip |
| CN201310413492.2 | Production process of cold-rolled hard stainless steel band |
| CN201410426325.6 | Stainless steel strip cold rolling method |
The production methods of the hard steel in the patents can be classified into two types: one is that the deformation of different cold rolling reduction is carried out by using the conventional 304 or 301 steel to obtain hard steel strips with different hardness grades, and the chemical compositions of the conventional 304 or 301 stainless steel are shown in Table 1; the other type is that Mn and N alloy is used to replace noble metal nickel, and cold rolling with different rolling reduction is carried out to obtain non-magnetic hard steel with different hardness grades. However, all of these hard steels control the hardness by controlling the rolling reduction, and there is no dual control of the strength and hardness of the hard steel for the conveyor belt and the control of the plate shape of the wide hard steel.
The hardness HRC required by the hard steel for the conveyor belt is 35-42, and according to the conversion formula of the HRC and the HV: HV (223 × HRC +14500)/(100-HRC)
the HV is 341-411, according to the corresponding value of the hardness of the hard steel, possible patents are CN200810033654.9 and CN200810033651.5, wherein the cold rolling reduction corresponding to the production method of the CN200810033654.9 patent 3/4 hard 301 precision stainless steel strip is 30-33%, the rolling pass is two passes, the cold rolling reduction corresponding to the production method of the CN200810033651.5 hard 304 precision stainless steel strip is 42-45%, and the rolling pass is 3 passes.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of conventional 304 or 301
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, a first object of the present invention is to provide a hard austenitic stainless steel for a conveyor belt.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the hard austenitic stainless steel for conveyor belts.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
On the basis of chemical components of common 301 stainless steel, a small amount of V is added, and the proportion of alloy components is optimized, so that the Nieq is particularly ensured to be 18.9-21, the Nieq is lower than 18.9, the required hardness and strength can be achieved only by a large deformation amount, the control of the plate shape of wide strip steel is not facilitated, the Nieq is higher than 21, and the strength and the hardness cannot meet the requirements at the same time. The formula for Nieq is as follows:
Nieq＝Ni％+0.35Si％+0.5Mn％+0.65Cr％+12.6(C+N)％
The specific invention content is as follows:
A hard austenitic stainless steel for a conveyor belt comprises the following chemical components:
C: 0.07 to 0.10% by mass,
Si: less than 1.0% by mass,
Mn: less than 2.0% by mass,
Cr: 16.5 to 17.5% by mass,
Ni: 6.5 to 7.0 mass%,
N: 0.02 to 0.04 mass%,
V: 0.4 to 0.6 mass%,
P: 0.040 mass% or less,
S: less than or equal to 0.01 mass%,
The balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
The hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt comprises the following chemical components: further, the preferable range of C is 0.08 to 0.09 mass%.
The hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt comprises the following chemical components: further, the preferable range of Si is 0.4 to 0.8 mass%.
The hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt comprises the following chemical components: further, the preferable range of Mn is 1.2 to 1.6 mass%.
The hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt comprises the following chemical components: further, the preferable range of Cr is 16.8 to 17.2 mass%.
The hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt comprises the following chemical components: further, the preferable range of Ni is 6.7 to 6.9 mass%.
The hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt comprises the following chemical components: further, the preferable range of N is 0.02 to 0.04 mass%.
The hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt comprises the following chemical components: further, V is preferably in the range of 0.45 to 0.55 mass%.
The hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt comprises the following chemical components: further, P is preferably less than 0.008 mass%.
The hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt comprises the following chemical components: further, S is preferably less than 0.005 mass%.
The hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt comprises the following chemical components, and is more preferably: c: 0.08 to 0.09 mass%, Si: 0.4 to 0.8 mass%, Mn: 1.2 to 1.6 mass%, Cr: 16.8 to 17.2 mass%, Ni: 6.7-6.9 mass%, N: 0.02 to 0.04 mass%, V: 0.45-0.55 mass%, P: less than 0.008 mass%, S: less than 0.005 mass%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
C is an interstitial element, the strength of the steel can be obviously improved through solid solution strengthening, austenite is formed and stabilized, an austenite area is enlarged, and the Nieq is greatly influenced by the fluctuation of the content of C. The content of C is increased, the transformation quantity of the deformed martensite is reduced, the strength of the deformed martensite is improved, the strength and the hardness of the quenched and tempered cold rolled martensite are ensured, the corrosion resistance is reduced due to the excessively high content of carbon, and the tendency of intercrystalline corrosion caused by the precipitation of carbide is increased. Therefore, the C content is defined as 0.07% to 0.10% by mass.
Si is a deoxidizing element and can obviously improve the intercrystalline corrosion sensitivity of steel in a solid solution state. Therefore, the Si content is defined as less than 1.0 mass%.
Mn is an element that strongly stabilizes austenite, and can increase the strength of steel and improve the thermoplasticity of steel. However, excessive Mn lowers formability and weldability. Therefore, the Mn content is defined as less than 2.0 mass%.
Cr is an element that strongly forms and stabilizes ferrite in austenitic stainless steel, narrowing the austenite region. However, chromium increases the resistance of the steel to oxidizing media and acid chloride media, but excess Cr causes brittleness of the stainless steel. Cr is defined as 16.5 to 17.5 mass%.
Ni is an element that strongly forms and stabilizes austenite and expands an austenite phase region. With the increase of the nickel content, the strength of the steel is reduced and the plasticity is improved, which is beneficial to the cold-working forming performance. Ni is defined as 6.5 to 7.0 mass%.
N is a strong austenite forming element and can improve the hardness and corrosion resistance of the solid solution austenitic stainless steel, but excessive N content can reduce the heat, cold workability and cold formability of the steel and reduce the transformation quantity of deformed martensite under the same cold deformation condition, is not beneficial to improving the strength, and the relationship of improving the solid solution hardness and reducing the transformation quantity of deformed martensite by N must be well balanced. Therefore, the content of N in the invention is controlled to be 0.02-0.04%.
V forms V carbonitride with C, N at high temperature, and refines austenite grains after solution treatment to improve strength, but excessive precipitates are detrimental to performance. Therefore, V is defined as 0.4 to 0.6 mass%.
P and S are both unavoidable impurity elements, but adversely affect the performance, and should be less than 0.04 mass% and 0.01 mass%, respectively.
The Nieq of the comprehensive effect of each component of the hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt is 18.9-21.
The calculation formula of the Nieq is as follows:
Nieq＝Ni％+0.35Si％+0.5Mn％+0.65Cr％+12.6(C+N)％。
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Pouring molten steel smelted by the electric furnace and the AOD furnace according to the components into a baked ladle, finely adjusting the components at a refining station to ensure that Nieq of the comprehensive effect of each component is 18.9-21, and hoisting the ladle to a continuous casting platform when the temperature of the ladle reaches the temperature required by casting after bottom blowing argon soft stirring. And after reaching the casting temperature, casting the steel plate into a continuous casting billet with the plate thickness of 180-220 mm and the plate width of 1500-1550 mm, wherein the preferable plate thickness is 200mm and the plate width is 1520 mm.
(2) And (3) conveying the continuous casting blank into a walking beam type heating furnace for heating, wherein the air-fuel ratio in the heating furnace is controlled in order to ensure the surface quality of the final cold-rolled strip steel, so that the residual oxygen content in the heating furnace is less than 2%, the steel drawing temperature of the plate blank is 1215 +/-15 ℃, and the total in-furnace time is 240-280 minutes.
(3) And a hot rolling procedure, wherein a 200mm plate blank is rolled to a 35-40 mm intermediate blank by rough rolling, the strip steel is rolled to a target thickness by 7 times, and the whole hot rolling process is not descaled. And (4) rapidly cooling after rolling, wherein the coiling temperature is 650-700 ℃, and air cooling after coiling the strip steel.
(4) Carrying out solid solution treatment and shot blasting and acid pickling, wherein the solid solution treatment temperature is 1060-1100 ℃, the shot blasting force is 800-1500kg/min, and the acid pickling temperature is 45-55 ℃; so as to ensure to obtain the white skin coil with good surface quality and prepare for cold rolling of the strip steel.
(5) And (3) annealing and pickling after cold rolling, determining the required cold rolling reduction according to the thickness specification of a finished product, wherein the cold rolling reduction is more than 50% in order to ensure the surface smoothness of the finished product. Annealing and pickling after cold rolling, wherein the annealing temperature is 1080-1120 ℃, and the pickling temperature is 45-55 ℃.
Determining the required cold rolling reduction according to the thickness specification of a finished product: for example, the thickness of the finished product is 1.0mm, the rolling reduction of the temper rolling is 23% -25%, therefore, the thickness after the cold rolling is 1.298-1.333 mm, the thickness of the hot rolling process can meet the requirement as long as the thickness is more than 2.6mm, but due to the limitation of the capacity of a hot rolling mill, the wide strip is rolled to be less than 2.6mm, and the rolling limit can only be 3.0mm or 3.2mm, and the rolling reduction is more than 50%, and the specific rolling reduction value is determined by the limit thickness which can be rolled by the hot rolling and the thickness of the finished product.
(6) And (3) quenching and tempering cold rolling, wherein the rolling reduction of the quenching and tempering cold rolling is 23-25%, the quenching and tempering cold rolling is finished in 3 passes, in order to ensure the plate shape of a final product, the plate shape in each pass of rolling is controlled according to slight edge waves, and the purpose of the slight edge wave control is to concentrate stress to the edge of the strip steel and ensure the plate shape of the middle part of the width.
(7) And (4) stress relief annealing, namely putting the whole coil of strip steel into a cover type annealing furnace, heating the whole coil of strip steel to the annealing temperature of 380-400 ℃ along with the furnace, and keeping the temperature for 1-1.5 hours. The stress concentrated at the edge part in the quenching and tempering cold rolling can be released through stress relief annealing, and the plate shape is improved. And simultaneously, the performance difference in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction is reduced to be less than 1%.
The manufacturing method of the hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt comprises the following steps of (1): 1475-1505 ℃.
The invention also provides the application of the hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt or the hard austenitic stainless steel prepared by the manufacturing method in manufacturing the conveyor belt in the chemical industry, the pressing plate industry and the food industry.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
Compared with the disclosed production technology of hard stainless steel, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) By adding a small amount of V and fine control of chemical components, Nieq is controlled, and the fluctuation range of the performance of the same quenched-tempered cold rolling process is reduced.
(2) By adding a small amount of V, annealed austenite grains are refined, the total reduction rate of quenching and tempering cold rolling is reduced, the single-pass cold rolling reduction rate is reduced, and conditions are provided for improving the plate shape.
(3) Through the stress relief annealing, the stress at the edge of the strip steel is released, the improvement of the plate shape is facilitated, the performance difference in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction is reduced, and the performance difference in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction is reduced to be less than 1%.
Drawings
FIG. 1: in the prior art, the wave type is easy to generate due to the overlarge single-pass reduction, and the plate type has the wave type.
FIG. 2: the invention relates to a process flow diagram of a manufacturing method.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Pouring molten steel smelted by an electric furnace and an AOD furnace according to requirements into a baked ladle, hanging the ladle to a refining station to finely adjust components, ensuring that Nieq of the comprehensive effect of each component is 18.9-21, and hanging the ladle to a continuous casting platform after bottom blowing argon soft stirring to ensure that the temperature of the ladle reaches the temperature required by casting to cast a slab with the width of 1500mm and the thickness of 200 mm. In order to ensure the surface quality of the continuous casting slab, the stable drawing speed is ensured as much as possible, and the drawing speed is slowly reduced until the last 10 minutes. The chemical composition of the mat is shown in table 2.
Table 2 chemical composition of the slabs of the examples
The prepared slab was hot rolled to a target thickness required for cold rolling, and the hot rolling process is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Hot Rolling Process of examples
The hot rolled strip steel is annealed and pickled to prepare a white skin coil, and the white skin coil is prepared for cold rolling of the next working procedure. The annealing and pickling process is shown in table 4.
Table 4 annealing and pickling process of examples
| Examples | Solid solution temperature | Force of shot blasting | Acid pickling Temperature of |
| 1 | 1060℃ | 800kg/min | 45℃ |
| 2 | 1080℃ | 900kg/min | 48℃ |
| 3 | 1100℃ | 1000kg/min | 50℃ |
| 4 | 1070℃ | 1100kg/min | 53℃ |
| 5 | 1080℃ | 1200kg/min | 52℃ |
| 6 | 1090℃ | 1235kg/min | 55℃ |
| 7 | 1100℃ | 1245kg/min | 50℃ |
| 8 | 1090℃ | 1500kg/min | 55℃ |
The white-skin coil is cold-rolled to a target thickness and then is subjected to an annealing and pickling process, so that the white-skin coil is prepared for quenching and tempering cold rolling. The processes of cold rolling and annealing are shown in Table 5.
Cold rolling annealing process of table 5 example
| Examples | Cold rolling reduction | Target thickness | Annealing temperature | Pickling temperature |
| 1 | 50％ | 2mm | 1100℃ | 48℃ |
| 2 | 60％ | 1.8mm | 1080℃ | 45℃ |
| 3 | 70％ | 2.1mm | 1100℃ | 50℃ |
| 4 | 55％ | 2.2mm | 1100℃ | 53℃ |
| 5 | 65％ | 1.95mm | 1080℃ | 52℃ |
| 6 | 75％ | 2.25mm | 1100℃ | 55℃ |
| 7 | 80％ | 3.2mm | 1120℃ | 55℃ |
| 8 | 65％ | 2.6mm | 1110℃ | 48℃ |
The steel strip after cold rolling and annealing is subjected to quenching and tempering cold rolling and stress relief annealing, the processes of the quenching and tempering cold rolling and the stress relief annealing are shown in table 6, the hard austenitic stainless steel for the conveyor belt with the HRC of 35-42 and the yield strength of more than 930MPa is prepared, and the mechanical properties of the prepared steel strip are shown in table 7.
Table 6 modulated cold rolling and stress relief annealing process of the example
Table 7 properties of the products of the examples of the invention and comparison with the properties of the existing hard steel 301
Claims (7)
1. A hard austenitic stainless steel for a conveyor belt is characterized by comprising the following chemical components:
C: 0.07 to 0.10 mass%, Si: less than 1.0 mass%, Mn: less than 2.0 mass%, Cr: 16.5 to 17.5 mass%, Ni: 6.5-7.0 mass%, N: 0.02 to 0.04 mass%, V: 0.4 to 0.6 mass%, P: 0.040 mass% or less, S: less than or equal to 0.01 mass%, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurity elements; the Nieq is 18.9-21, and the calculation formula of the Nieq is as follows:
Nieq＝Ni％+0.35Si％+0.5Mn％+0.65Cr％+12.6(C+N)％。
2. The hard austenitic stainless steel for conveyor belts according to claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the hard austenitic stainless steel for conveyor belts is: c: 0.08 to 0.09 mass%, Si: 0.4 to 0.8 mass%, Mn: 1.2 to 1.6 mass%, Cr: 16.8 to 17.2 mass%, Ni: 6.7-6.9 mass%, N: 0.02 to 0.04 mass%, V: 0.45-0.55 mass%, P: less than 0.008 mass%, S: less than 0.005 mass%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements.
3. A method of manufacturing a hard austenitic stainless steel for conveyor belts according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) Pouring molten steel smelted by an electric furnace and an AOD furnace according to the components of any one of claims 1 or 2 into a baked ladle, finely adjusting the components at a refining station to ensure that Nieq of the comprehensive action of the components is 18.9-21, and hoisting the ladle to a continuous casting platform when the temperature of the ladle reaches the temperature required by casting after bottom-blowing argon soft stirring; after the casting temperature is reached, casting into a continuous casting billet with the thickness of 180-220 mm and the width of 1500-1550 mm;
(2) The continuous casting slab is sent into a heating furnace for heating, in order to ensure the surface quality of the final cold-rolled strip steel, the air-fuel ratio in the heating furnace is controlled, the residual oxygen in the heating furnace is less than 2%, the steel drawing temperature of the slab is 1215 +/-15 ℃, and the total in-furnace time is 240-280 minutes;
(3) A hot rolling procedure, wherein a 200mm plate blank is rolled to a 35-40 mm intermediate blank by rough rolling, the strip steel is rolled to a target thickness by 7 times, and the whole hot rolling process is not descaled; rapidly cooling after rolling, wherein the coiling temperature is 650-700 ℃, and air cooling after coiling the strip steel;
(4) Carrying out solid solution treatment and shot blasting and acid pickling, wherein the solid solution treatment temperature is 1060-1100 ℃, the shot blasting force is 800-1500kg/min, and the acid pickling temperature is 45-55 ℃;
(5) Cold rolling and annealing and pickling after the cold rolling, determining the required cold rolling reduction according to the thickness specification of a finished product, wherein the cold rolling reduction is more than 50% in order to ensure the surface smoothness of the finished product; annealing and pickling after cold rolling, wherein the annealing temperature is 1080-1120 ℃, and the pickling temperature is 45-55 ℃;
(6) Quenching and tempering cold rolling, wherein the rolling reduction of the quenching and tempering cold rolling is 23-25%, the quenching and tempering cold rolling is finished in 3 passes, and the plate shape control in each pass is controlled according to slight edge waves;
(7) And (4) stress relief annealing, namely putting the whole coil of strip steel into a cover type annealing furnace, heating the whole coil of strip steel to the annealing temperature of 380-400 ℃ along with the furnace, and keeping the temperature for 1-1.5 hours.
4. The method of manufacturing a hard austenitic stainless steel for a conveyor belt according to claim 3, wherein the stress concentration at the edge part in the temper rolling is released by the stress relief annealing to improve the plate shape while reducing the difference in properties in the longitudinal and transverse directions to 1% or less.
5. The method of manufacturing a hard austenitic stainless steel for conveyor belt according to claim 3, wherein the temperature required for the casting in step (1) is: 1475-1505 ℃.
6. The method for producing a hard austenitic stainless steel for conveyor belt according to claim 3, wherein the heating furnace in the step (2) is a walking beam type heating furnace.
7. Use of the hard austenitic stainless steel for conveyor belts according to claim 1 or 2 for manufacturing conveyor belts in chemical, press and food industries.
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| CN108677107A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-10-19 | 上海铭客传动系统有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel used for conveyer belt and its technology of preparing |
| CN109277427B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-11-24 | 宁波宝新不锈钢有限公司 | Production method of cold-rolled stainless steel embossed plate |
| CN110404967A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-11-05 | 山西太钢不锈钢精密带钢有限公司 | The manufacturing method of the ultra-thin superhard stainless steel belt of ultra-wide and its steel band of manufacture |
| CN112845595B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-04-01 | 浦项(张家港)不锈钢股份有限公司 | Cold rolling process for titanium-chromium-nickel-containing semi-austenite precipitation hardening stainless steel |
| CN112981069B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2022-04-26 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Preparation method of low-glossiness stainless steel panel material |
| CN113894163A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-07 | 江苏甬金金属科技有限公司 | A cold rolling process of wide and ultra-thin stainless steel strip |
| CN117305572A (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-12-29 | 鞍钢联众(广州)不锈钢有限公司 | Process for stably producing high-quality 301 stainless steel hard plate |
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