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CN106871636B - 工业窑炉有机废气焚烧再利用生产工艺 - Google Patents

工业窑炉有机废气焚烧再利用生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN106871636B
CN106871636B CN201510913577.6A CN201510913577A CN106871636B CN 106871636 B CN106871636 B CN 106871636B CN 201510913577 A CN201510913577 A CN 201510913577A CN 106871636 B CN106871636 B CN 106871636B
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kiln
preheating section
gas
temperature
heat exchanger
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CN106871636A (zh
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余阳春
付力
夏志明
陈雄军
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Huanggang Huayao Zhongzhou Kiln Co., Ltd.
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HUANGGANG HUAYAO ZHONGZHOU KILN CO Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/02—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity of multiple-track type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/12—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity with special arrangements for preheating or cooling the charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path
    • F27B9/26—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path on or in trucks, sleds, or containers
    • F27B9/262—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path on or in trucks, sleds, or containers on or in trucks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/3005—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/10—Arrangements for using waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/12—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity with special arrangements for preheating or cooling the charge
    • F27B2009/122—Preheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B2009/3072—Balancing the pressure between the upper part and the lower part of the kiln, above and under the track
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F27B2009/3653—Preheated fuel
    • F27B2009/3661—Preheated fuel preheated with the exhaust gases

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种工业窑炉有机废气焚烧及余热利用生产工艺，它解决了现有技术存在产品烧制过程中含有有机物的废气排放污染环境、有机废气带走大量热量等问题，其特征在于：它包括隧道窑和焚烧炉，所述隧道窑分为预热段、焙烧段和冷却段，在1100℃以上的焙烧段安装烧嘴，预热段则通过有机废气焚烧再利用装置提供热源。具有结构科学合理、操作控制简便、烟气处理效率高、减少废气污染、节约大量能源等优点，具有广泛的推广应用价值。

Description

工业窑炉有机废气焚烧再利用生产工艺
技术领域
本发明属于有机废气处理的环境保护领域，尤其是涉及到一种既能处理烟气同时又能将烟中的余热再次利用的生产工艺。
背景技术
有机废气中含有大量污染环境的有机物，排放到空气中不仅对环境产生巨大的影响，吸附在建筑物等物体上给清洁带来很大的困难，而且废气中还有大量的热量，直接排放使很多热量白白浪费。根据目前现有机废气处理技术来看，大多厂家采取的方法仅仅是将含有机物的废气经过焚烧炉焚烧后减少有机物的含量就将其排放，这样不仅浪费了废气本身携带的热量而且再次焚烧消耗能源，当燃烧不充分时继续污染环境。在国家环境保护、节能减排的相关政策下这种低效的有机废气处理方法显然跟不上窑炉产业的发展步伐，因此发明新的有机废气处理方法迫在眉睫，在重重困难下我们经过不断试验发明出了这套有机废气的处理工艺及设备，此方法不仅解决了环境污染问题，更达到了节能减排的目的，具有广泛的推广前景。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种结构简单合理、操作控制简便、提高烟气处理效率、减少废气污染、节约能源的工艺及设备。
本发明的技术方案是：隧道窑有机废气焚烧再利用生产工艺是由隧道窑和焚烧炉等构成，所述隧道窑分为预热段、焙烧段和冷却段，在1100℃以上的焙烧段安装烧嘴，预热段则通过有机废气焚烧再利用装置提供热源，其工艺方法是：
（1）将隧道窑预热段产品烧制产生的250℃左右含有有机物废气抽出送至有机废气焚烧再利用装置；
（2）有机废气焚烧再利用装置将含有有机物废气变换为600℃左右高温气体和200℃左右低温烟气，两股高低温气体经过混合进气口后送入隧道窑的预热段对产品加热；
（3）通过高压风机将200℃左右低温烟气作为引射风送至隧道窑的预热段使窑内使窑内上下压差平衡，温差始终控制在10℃范围内。
所述有机废气焚烧再利用装置是由一台焚烧炉、两只换热器、三台风机和排烟管道等组成，焚烧炉设置了两只混合气烧嘴，一侧通过排烟管道与升温换热器相连，另一侧通过高温气管与隧道窑预热段两侧窑墙设置的混合进气口连通。升温换热器另一路进气口通过排烟管道与抽取隧道窑预热段的含有有机物废气管道的风机出气口相连，其出气口则通过气管与焚烧炉上设置的混合气烧嘴相连。同时在升温换热器后方通过管道串联一只降温换热器，其出气管道分三路，分别连接低温烟气高压风机、引射风高压风机和排烟风机，低温烟气高压风机的出气口通过低温管道与窑体预热段设置的混合进气口相连，引射风高压高压风机的出气口则通过引射风管与窑体预热段设置的引射风进气口相连，排烟风机的出气口连接排废口，另一路气管进气口为空气入口，其出气口通过管道送至干燥窑。
所述隧道窑的窑车采用全封闭式车底，使用含锆针刺毡及多晶硬板轻质材料砌筑而成。
本发明的有益效果在于：不仅结构简单合理、操作控制简便，而且可提高烟气处理效率、减少废气污染，较传统工艺及设备节约了35%左右的能源，具有良好的社会效益和经济效益，具有广泛的推广应用价值。
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
附图说明
图1为本发明含有有机物烟气重加热原理图；
图2为本发明窑体预热段引射风和混合气体布置示意图；
图3为本发明工艺流程整体整体结构示意图。
图中：1为焚烧炉，2为升温换热器，3为降温换热器，4混合气烧嘴，5为低温烟气高压风机，6为引射风高压风机，7为排烟风机，8为排废口，9为废气管道，10为高温气管，11为出气管道，12为引射风管，13为低温管道，14为气管，15为空气入口，16为管道，17为废气管道，18为风机，19为循环风罩，20为混合进气口，21为引射风进气口，22为烧嘴。
具体实施方式
本发明的具体工艺流程为：
燃烧产生的250℃左右含有有机物废气→升温换热器升温至450℃左右→焚烧炉燃烧至600℃左右→一部分送回窑内，另一部分经过换热器2换热后送到换热器3换热→回到窑内的600℃左右烟气与从换热器3换热出来的200℃左右的烟气经过混合→加热产品。
所述升温换热器2是由焚烧炉焚烧后产生的一部分600℃左右的烟气进入到升温换热器2与250℃烟气进行换热；所述降温换热器3是升温换热器2中出来的烟气与空气进行换热；所述焚烧炉1内烧嘴是混合式烧嘴4，此烧嘴能将200℃烟气与600℃烟气换热得到的450℃左右的烟气与空气混合后燃烧，这样烟气较传统的焚烧炉焚烧的更加充分。
隧道窑配备了长距离引射风、密封窑底、全窑车下风，窑车采用全封闭式车底，使用含锆针刺毡及多晶硬板轻质材料砌筑而成。
实施本发明时，由于所述焚烧炉1内使用的是混合进气烧嘴4，经过换热器升温后的含有有机物的废气在混合进气烧嘴内与空气充分混合燃烧，再将燃烧后产生的热量送回窑内加热产品，同时在窑内增加了长距离引射风，在热引射风及废气焚烧回炉的联合作用下1100℃温度带以下不使用烧嘴(100℃～600℃使用混合气体加热，600℃～1100℃温度段使用的是1100℃以上烧成段烧嘴燃烧产生的烟气加热）。从1100℃以上焙烧段才开始使用烧嘴，1100℃以后的烟气依靠窑炉前部600℃左右处的排烟风机抽送。该套工艺及设备相对于传统工艺及设备节约了35%左右的能源，不仅解决了有害烟气排放污染环境的问题，而且达到了节能减排的效果。

Claims (1)

1.一种工业窑炉有机废气焚烧再利用生产工艺，它包括隧道窑和焚烧炉，其特征在于：所述隧道窑分为预热段、焙烧段和冷却段，在1100℃以上的焙烧段安装烧嘴，预热段则通过有机废气焚烧再利用装置提供热源；所述有机废气焚烧再利用装置是由一台焚烧炉（1）、两只换热器、三台风机和排烟管道组成，焚烧炉（1）设置了两只混合气烧嘴（4），一侧通过排烟管道与升温换热器（2）相连，另一侧通过高温气管（10）与隧道窑预热段两侧窑墙设置的混合进气口（20）连通；升温换热器（2）另一路进气口通过排烟管道（9）与抽取隧道窑预热段的含有有机物废气管道（17）的风机（18）出气口相连，其出气口则通过气管（14）与焚烧炉（1）上设置的混合气烧嘴（4）相连；在升温换热器（2）后方通过管道串联一只降温换热器（3），其出气管道（11）分三路分别连接低温烟气高压风机（5）、引射风高压风机（6）和排烟风机（7），低温烟气高压风机（5）的出气口通过低温管道（13）与窑体预热段设置的混合进气口（20）相连，引射风高压风机（6）的出气口则通过引射风管（12）与窑体预热段设置的引射风进气口（21）相连，排烟风机（7）的出气口连接排废口（8），另一路气管进气口为空气入口（15），其出气口通过管道（16）送至干燥窑；其工艺方法是：
（1）将隧道窑预热段产品烧制产生的250℃左右含有有机物废气抽出送至有机废气焚烧再利用装置；
（2）有机废气焚烧再利用装置将含有有机物废气变换为600℃左右高温气体和200℃左右低温烟气，两股高低温气体经过混合进气口后送入隧道窑的预热段对产品加热；
（3）通过高压风机将200℃左右低温烟气作为引射风送至隧道窑的预热段使窑内使窑内上下压差平衡，温差始终控制在10℃范围内。
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