CN106877818A - Device and method for detecting luminous coupling efficiency between sub-junctions of multi-junction solar cells - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting luminous coupling efficiency between sub-junctions of multi-junction solar cells Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种多结太阳能电池不同子结之间发光耦合效率的检测装置，包括：太阳能电池片、激发光源、光功率计、光谱仪和计算机；激发光源波长可调，用于选择性激发多结太阳能电池不同子结产生光致发光；光功率计用于监测激发光的光强；光谱仪检测多结太阳能电池光致发光光谱；光谱仪的输出端与计算机相连。本发明还公开了一种多结太阳能电池不同子结之间发光耦合效率的测试方法。
The invention discloses a detection device for the luminous coupling efficiency between different sub-junctions of a multi-junction solar cell, comprising: a solar cell, an excitation light source, an optical power meter, a spectrometer and a computer; the wavelength of the excitation light source is adjustable for selective excitation The different sub-junctions of the multi-junction solar cell generate photoluminescence; the optical power meter is used to monitor the light intensity of the excitation light; the spectrometer detects the photoluminescence spectrum of the multi-junction solar cell; the output end of the spectrometer is connected to a computer. The invention also discloses a method for testing the luminous coupling efficiency between different sub-junctions of the multi-junction solar cell.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于电池检测技术，一种多结太阳能电池子结之间发光耦合效率的检测装置及方法。The invention belongs to battery detection technology, and relates to a detection device and method for luminous coupling efficiency between sub-junctions of multi-junction solar cells.
背景技术Background technique
目前多结太阳能电池不同子结之间发光耦合效率的检测方法主要是利用太阳能电池外量子效率(EQE)检测设备来测试和导出。现有的利用量子效率检测不同子结之间发光耦合效率的技术测试时间长，仪器成本高，且测试过程复杂。At present, the detection method of luminous coupling efficiency between different sub-junctions of multi-junction solar cells is mainly to use the external quantum efficiency (EQE) detection equipment of solar cells to test and derive. The existing technology of using quantum efficiency to detect the luminous coupling efficiency between different sub-junctions takes a long time to test, the cost of the instrument is high, and the test process is complicated.
为了克服现有技术中的上述缺陷，本发明提出了一种简便、低成本的多结太阳能电池不同子结之间发光耦合效率的检测装置及其检测方法。In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present invention proposes a simple and low-cost detection device and detection method for the luminous coupling efficiency between different sub-junctions of a multi-junction solar cell.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提出了一种多结太阳能电池不同子结之间发光耦合效率的检测装置，包括：The present invention proposes a detection device for luminous coupling efficiency between different sub-junctions of a multi-junction solar cell, including:
太阳能电池片，其为多结太阳能电池片，包含至少2层子结，子结之间由上至下层叠设置；A solar cell, which is a multi-junction solar cell, includes at least 2 layers of sub-junctions, and the sub-junctions are stacked from top to bottom;
激发光源，其设置在所述太阳能电池片的上方；Exciting light sources, which are arranged above the solar cells;
分光片，其设置在所述激发光源和所述太阳能电池片之间，用于透射激发光到达所述太阳能电池片，以及反射所述太阳能电池片的光致发光信号；A light splitter, which is arranged between the excitation light source and the solar cell, is used to transmit the excitation light to the solar cell, and reflect the photoluminescence signal of the solar cell;
光电探测器，其设置在所述分光片反射的激发光的光路中，用于读取所述激发光的光功率；A photodetector, which is arranged in the optical path of the excitation light reflected by the spectroscopic sheet, for reading the optical power of the excitation light;
光功率计，其与所述光电探测器连接；an optical power meter, which is connected to the photodetector;
滤光片，其设置在所述分光片反射的光致发光信号的光路中；an optical filter, which is arranged in the optical path of the photoluminescence signal reflected by the spectroscopic sheet;
两枚透镜，其一设置在所述太阳能电池片和所述分光片之间，另一设置在所述分光片和所述滤光片之间；Two lenses, one of which is arranged between the solar cell and the light splitter, and the other is arranged between the light splitter and the light filter;
光谱仪，其设置在所述滤光片的后方；a spectrometer, which is arranged behind the filter;
计算机，其与所述光谱仪连接，用于测得太阳能电池光致发光光谱。A computer, which is connected with the spectrometer, is used to measure the photoluminescence spectrum of the solar cell.
本发明提出的所述多结太阳能电池不同子结之间发光耦合效率的检测装置中，所述光电探测器的波长检测范围覆盖所述激发光源的波长范围。In the detection device for the luminous coupling efficiency between different sub-junctions of the multi-junction solar cell proposed by the present invention, the wavelength detection range of the photodetector covers the wavelength range of the excitation light source.
本发明提出的所述多结太阳能电池不同子结之间发光耦合效率的检测装置中，所述激发光源的波长使光子能量大于第i层子结电池的带隙宽度Egi但小于其上层第i-1层子结电池的带隙宽度Eg(i-1)，仅能激发多结太阳能电池单个子结电池的光致发光。In the detection device for the luminous coupling efficiency between different sub-junctions of the multi-junction solar cell proposed by the present invention, the wavelength of the excitation light source makes the photon energy greater than the bandgap width E gi of the sub-junction cell in the i-th layer but smaller than the upper-layer sub-junction E gi The bandgap width E g(i-1) of i-1 layer sub-junction cells can only stimulate the photoluminescence of a single sub-junction cell of a multi-junction solar cell.
本发明提出的所述多结太阳能电池不同子结之间发光耦合效率的检测装置中，所述激发光源的波长可调节。In the detection device for the luminous coupling efficiency between different sub-junctions of the multi-junction solar cell proposed by the present invention, the wavelength of the excitation light source can be adjusted.
本发明提出的所述多结太阳能电池不同子结之间发光耦合效率的检测装置中，所述光谱仪的波长检测范围覆盖所述太阳能电池片的光致发光光谱波长范围。In the detection device for the luminous coupling efficiency between different sub-junctions of the multi-junction solar cell proposed by the present invention, the wavelength detection range of the spectrometer covers the photoluminescence spectrum wavelength range of the solar cell sheet.
本发明还提出了一种利用所述多结太阳能电池不同子结之间发光耦合效率检测装置的检测方法，包括如下步骤：The present invention also proposes a detection method utilizing the luminous coupling efficiency detection device between different sub-junctions of the multi-junction solar cell, comprising the following steps:
步骤一：利用所述激发光源经过分光片后再通过透镜聚焦照射至多结太阳能电池表面，调节激发光的波长使光子能量大于多结太阳能电池第i层子结电池的带隙宽度Egi，但小于上层子结即第i-1层子结电池的带隙宽度Eg(i-1)；Step 1: Use the excitation light source to pass through the spectrometer and then focus and irradiate the surface of the multi-junction solar cell through a lens, and adjust the wavelength of the excitation light so that the photon energy is greater than the bandgap width E gi of the sub-junction cell in the i-th layer of the multi-junction solar cell, but Less than the bandgap width E g(i-1) of the upper sub-junction, that is, the i-1th sub-junction cell;
步骤二：利用所述光电探测器测量激光光源的入射光强Iexi；Step 2: using the photodetector to measure the incident light intensity I exi of the laser light source;
步骤三：利用所述光谱仪测量所述太阳能电池片的光致发光光谱，测量由i层子结电池发光照射下层子结即i+1层子结电池的光致发光光谱；Step 3: use the spectrometer to measure the photoluminescence spectrum of the solar cell, and measure the photoluminescence spectrum of the i+1 layer subjunction cell illuminated by the i-layer subjunction cell;
步骤四：调节激发光的波长使光子能量大于多结太阳能电池i+1层子结电池的带隙宽度Eg(i+1)，但小于i层子结电池的带隙宽度Egi；Step 4: adjusting the wavelength of the excitation light so that the photon energy is greater than the band gap width E g(i+1) of the sub-junction cell in the i+1 layer of the multi-junction solar cell, but smaller than the band gap width E gi of the sub-junction cell in the i+1 layer;
步骤五：利用所述光谱仪测量所述太阳能电池片的光致发光光谱，调节激光光强使多结太阳能电池i+1层子结的光致发光光谱强度与步骤三测量到的i+1层子结电池的光致发光光谱强度一致，记录此时入射激光光源的强度Iex(i+1)；Step 5: Use the spectrometer to measure the photoluminescence spectrum of the solar cell, and adjust the laser light intensity so that the photoluminescence spectrum intensity of the i+1 subjunction of the multi-junction solar cell is the same as the i+1 layer measured in step 3. The photoluminescence spectrum intensity of the sub-junction cell is consistent, and the intensity I ex(i+1) of the incident laser light source is recorded at this time;
步骤六：多结太阳能电池顶层子结电池与次层子结电池间的发光耦合效率为步骤五中测量到的入射激光光源的强度与步骤二中测量到的入射激光光源的强度之比Iex(i+1)/Iexi。Step 6: The luminous coupling efficiency between the sub-junction cell on the top layer of the multi-junction solar cell and the sub-junction cell on the second layer is the ratio I ex of the intensity of the incident laser light source measured in step 5 to the intensity of the incident laser light source measured in step 2 (i+1) /I exi .
本发明的有益效果在于：检测装置简便，测试方法简单。The beneficial effect of the invention is that the detection device is simple and convenient, and the testing method is simple.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明所述多结太阳能电池不同子结之间发光耦合效率的检测装置结构组成示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a detection device for luminous coupling efficiency between different sub-junctions of a multi-junction solar cell according to the present invention.
图2为以三结GaInP/GaAs/InGaAs太阳能电池为例，测量顶层子结电池与次层子结电池发光耦合效率的测量原理图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of measuring the luminous coupling efficiency of the top-layer sub-junction cell and the sub-junction cell by taking the triple-junction GaInP/GaAs/InGaAs solar cell as an example.
图3为以光能量大于顶层子结电池带隙宽度的激发光(532nm)照射多结电池时测量的光致发光光谱。Figure 3 is the photoluminescence spectrum measured when the multi-junction cell is irradiated with excitation light (532nm) with light energy greater than the bandgap width of the sub-junction cell on the top layer.
图4为以光能量大于次层子结电池带隙宽度但小于顶层子结电池带隙宽度的激发光(760nm)照射多结电池是测量的光致发光光谱。Fig. 4 is the photoluminescence spectrum measured by irradiating the multi-junction cell with excitation light (760nm) whose light energy is greater than the bandgap width of the sub-junction cell at the sub-layer but smaller than the band-gap width of the sub-junction cell at the top layer.
具体实施方式detailed description
结合以下具体实施例和附图，对本发明作进一步的详细说明。实施本发明的过程、条件、实验方法等，除以下专门提及的内容之外，均为本领域的普遍知识和公知常识，本发明没有特别限制内容。The present invention will be further described in detail in conjunction with the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The process, conditions, experimental methods, etc. for implementing the present invention, except for the content specifically mentioned below, are common knowledge and common knowledge in this field, and the present invention has no special limitation content.
参见图1，本发明的太阳能电池IV特性的检测装置包括：太阳能电池片1、光电探测器2、激发光源3、光功率计4、分光片5、透镜6、滤光片7、光谱仪8和计算机9。激发光源3经过分光片后再通过透镜6聚焦照射至所述多结太阳能电池1表面，调节激发光源3的波长使光子能量大于多结太阳能电池1顶层子结电池的带隙宽度Eg1；光电探测器2测量激发光源3的入射光强Iex1；光谱仪8测量由所述太阳能电池片1顶层子结电池发光照射次层子结电池引起的光致发光光谱及强度；调节所述激发光源3的波长使光子能量大于多结太阳能电池次层子结电池的带隙宽度Eg2，但小于顶层子结电池的带隙宽度Eg1；光谱仪8测量所述太阳能电池片1的光致发光光谱，调节激发光光强Iex2使所述多结太阳能电池次层子结的光致发光谱强度与所述太阳能电池片顶层子结电池发光照射次层子结电池引起的光致发光光谱强度一致，此时入射激发光源的强度与测量所述太阳能电池片顶层子结时的入射激光的强度之比即为顶层子结电池与次层子结电池间的发光耦合效率，即Iex2/Iex1。激发光源3经过分光片5后再通过透镜6聚焦照射至多结太阳能电池表面，调节激发光的波长使光子能量大于多结太阳能电池第i层子结电池的带隙宽度Egi，但小于上层子结即第i-1层子结电池的带隙宽度Eg(i-1)；光电探测器2测量激光光源的入射光强Iexi；光谱仪8测量所述太阳能电池片1的光致发光光谱，测量由i层子结电池发光照射下层子结即i+1层子结电池的光致发光光谱；调节激发光源3的波长使光子能量大于多结太阳能电池i+1层子结电池的带隙宽度Eg(i+1)，但小于i层子结电池的带隙宽度Egi；光谱仪8测量所述太阳能电池片1的光致发光光谱，调节激光光强使多结太阳能电池i+1层子结的光致发光光谱强度与太阳能电池片i层子结电池发光照射下层子结即i+1层子结电池的光致发光光谱强度一致，记录此时入射激光光源的强度Iex(i+1)；此时多结太阳能电池顶层子结电池与次层子结电池间的发光耦合效率为两次激发光源的强度之比,即Iex(i+1)/Iexi。光电探测器2的波长检测范围覆盖所述激光光源的波长范围。Referring to Fig. 1, the detection device of solar cell IV characteristic of the present invention comprises: solar cell sheet 1, photodetector 2, excitation light source 3, optical power meter 4, spectrometer 5, lens 6, optical filter 7, spectrometer 8 and computer9. The excitation light source 3 is focused and irradiated to the surface of the multi-junction solar cell 1 through the lens 6 after passing through the light splitter, and the wavelength of the excitation light source 3 is adjusted so that the photon energy is greater than the bandgap width E g1 of the top layer sub-junction cell of the multi-junction solar cell 1; The detector 2 measures the incident light intensity I ex1 of the excitation light source 3; the spectrometer 8 measures the photoluminescence spectrum and intensity caused by the sub-junction cell on the top layer of the solar cell 1 irradiating the sub-junction cell; adjust the excitation light source 3 The wavelength of the photon makes the photon energy greater than the band gap width E g2 of the sub-junction cell of the multi-junction solar cell, but smaller than the band gap width E g1 of the sub-junction cell of the top layer; the spectrometer 8 measures the photoluminescence spectrum of the solar cell sheet 1, Adjust the excitation light intensity I ex2 to make the photoluminescence spectrum intensity of the sub-junction of the multi-junction solar cell consistent with the photoluminescence spectrum intensity caused by the sub-junction cell on the top layer of the solar cell sheet irradiating the sub-junction cell, At this time, the ratio of the intensity of the incident excitation light source to the intensity of the incident laser light when measuring the top subjunction of the solar cell is the luminous coupling efficiency between the top subjunction cell and the subjunction subjunction cell, that is, I ex2 /I ex1 . The excitation light source 3 passes through the beam splitter 5 and then focuses and irradiates the surface of the multi-junction solar cell through the lens 6. The wavelength of the excitation light is adjusted so that the photon energy is greater than the bandgap width E gi of the i-th sub-junction cell of the multi-junction solar cell, but smaller than the upper sub-junction. The junction is the bandgap width E g(i -1) of the i-1th sub-junction cell; the photodetector 2 measures the incident light intensity I exi of the laser light source; the spectrometer 8 measures the photoluminescence spectrum of the solar cell 1 , measure the photoluminescence spectrum of the i+1 layer subjunction cell irradiated by the i-layer subjunction cell; adjust the wavelength of the excitation light source 3 so that the photon energy is greater than the band of the i+1 layer subjunction cell of the multi-junction solar cell The gap width E g(i+1) is smaller than the band gap width E gi of the i-layer sub-junction cell; the spectrometer 8 measures the photoluminescence spectrum of the solar cell sheet 1, and adjusts the laser light intensity so that the multi-junction solar cell i+ The photoluminescence spectrum intensity of the sub-junction layer 1 is consistent with the photoluminescence spectrum intensity of the sub-junction cell of the i+1 layer sub-junction of the solar cell sheet irradiated by light, and the intensity I ex of the incident laser light source is recorded at this time (i+1) ; At this time, the luminous coupling efficiency between the sub-junction cell on the top layer of the multi-junction solar cell and the sub-junction cell on the second layer is the ratio of the intensity of the two excitation light sources, that is, I ex(i+1) /I exi . The wavelength detection range of the photodetector 2 covers the wavelength range of the laser light source.
其中，激光光源3光强强度适中以便能激发多结太阳能电池一个子结电池的光致发光。光谱仪8的波长检测范围覆盖所述太阳能电池片1的光致发光发射光谱波长范围。Wherein, the light intensity of the laser light source 3 is moderate so as to excite the photoluminescence of a sub-junction cell of the multi-junction solar cell. The wavelength detection range of the spectrometer 8 covers the wavelength range of the photoluminescence emission spectrum of the solar battery sheet 1 .
以下给出GaInP/GaAs/InGaAs三结太阳能电池不同子结之间发光耦合效率的测试及导出。测试装置如图1所示，测试原理如图2所示。将激发光源3经过分光片5后再利用透镜6聚焦照射至多结太阳能电池表面，调节激发光的波长使光子能量大于多结太阳能电池顶层子结电池的带隙宽度Eg1；利用所述光电探测器测量激发光的入射光强Iex1；利用所述光谱仪8测量所述太阳能电池片1的光致发光光谱如图3所示；调节激光的波长使光子能量大于多结太阳能电池次层子结电池的带隙宽度Eg2，但小于顶层子结电池的带隙宽度Eg1；利用所述光谱仪8测量所述太阳能电池片1的光致发光光谱，测量的光致发光光谱如图4所示；调节入射激光光强使多结太阳能电池次层子结的光致发光谱强度与之前测量到的次层子结电池的光致发光光谱强度一致，记录此时入射激光光源的强度Iex2；多结太阳能电池顶层子结电池与次层子结电池间的发光耦合效率为Iex2/Iex1，本实例中，随着不同的激发功率，发光耦合效率在0.11至0.3之间。The test and derivation of the luminous coupling efficiency between different sub-junctions of the GaInP/GaAs/InGaAs triple-junction solar cell are given below. The testing device is shown in Figure 1, and the testing principle is shown in Figure 2. After passing the excitation light source 3 through the beam splitter 5, use the lens 6 to focus and irradiate the surface of the multi-junction solar cell, adjust the wavelength of the excitation light so that the photon energy is greater than the bandgap width E g1 of the top-layer sub-junction cell of the multi-junction solar cell; use the photodetection Use the spectrometer 8 to measure the photoluminescence spectrum of the solar cell 1 as shown in Figure 3; adjust the wavelength of the laser to make the photon energy greater than the sub-junction of the multi-junction solar cell The bandgap width E g2 of the cell is smaller than the bandgap width E g1 of the top subjunction cell; the photoluminescence spectrum of the solar cell 1 is measured by the spectrometer 8, and the measured photoluminescence spectrum is shown in Figure 4 ; adjust the intensity of incident laser light so that the photoluminescence spectrum intensity of the subjunction of the multi-junction solar cell is consistent with the intensity of the photoluminescence spectrum of the subjunction cell measured before, and record the intensity I ex2 of the incident laser light source at this time; The luminous coupling efficiency between the top-layer sub-junction cell and the sub-junction cell of the multi-junction solar cell is I ex2 /I ex1 . In this example, with different excitation powers, the luminous coupling efficiency is between 0.11 and 0.3.
本发明的保护内容不局限于以上实施例。在不背离发明构思的精神和范围下，本领域技术人员能够想到的变化和优点都被包括在本发明中，并且以所附的权利要求书为保护范围。The protection content of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept, changes and advantages conceivable by those skilled in the art are all included in the present invention, and the appended claims are the protection scope.
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