CN106843774B - A kind of mass-rent construction method of the intelligent contract based on block chain - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a crowdsourcing construction method of a block chain-based smart contract, including: 1. Party A of the contract signs the smart contract containing tasks and rules and publishes it to the main chain of the block chain; 2. the contract Party B claims several subtasks of the contract according to the contract tasks issued by Party A of the contract and adds the claim information to the branch chain; 3. The system checks whether all subtasks of Party A's contract can be completed by Party B; 4. Party A and Party B The joint signature publishes the smart contract to the blockchain main chain, and the contract is automatically executed. The invention can openly and transparently monitor the construction process of the contract, and automatically monitor the execution process of the contract; thus, the risk existing in the construction and execution process of the crowdsourcing contract can be reduced.

Description

A crowdsourcing construction method for blockchain-based smart contracts

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of block chains, and specifically relates to a crowdsourcing construction method of smart contracts based on block chains.

Background technique

In social production, no matter whether it is a company, an institution or an individual, they will encounter some problems that are difficult to solve by themselves. At this time, the company or institution may choose to outsource such problems to other companies or institutions to complete. With the development of the Internet, people have proposed a new solution, which is to outsource the problems that the enterprise itself cannot solve to the non-specific public in a free and voluntary manner. This kind of outsourcing task is usually undertaken by individuals, but if it involves tasks that require the cooperation of multiple people, it may also appear in the form of individual production relying on open source.

Outsourcing in the traditional sense is more handed over to professional organizations or teams, and this relationship is targeted and contractual; while the scope of outsourcing on the Internet is broader, and participants can be professionals in the field, or Can be non-professional. People call this one-to-many form of outsourcing crowdsourcing, and crowdsourcing makes full use of the diverse backgrounds of Internet users. In a way, crowdsourcing offers a whole new way of organizing the workforce. The complex and diverse cultural, educational, and geographical backgrounds of Internet users have further attracted many companies to use Internet crowdsourcing to obtain solutions.

However, the signing of the current crowdsourcing agreement must rely on the third-party platform. The authenticity of the information source of the required task depends entirely on the credibility of the third party, which cannot be substantially guaranteed, and requires a lot of management costs. For the solver of the required task, due to the lack of effective solution monitoring measures, the current crowdsourcing solutions are uneven, and there are even many plagiarism and false phenomena. The task proposer cannot get a satisfactory solution and it is time-consuming and costly. ; On the other hand, the intellectual property rights of the solution provider are not effectively protected because of the lack of monitoring of the contract execution process.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing technologies, the present invention proposes a crowdsourcing construction method based on blockchain-based smart contracts, hoping to solve the problems of centralized data storage through a decentralized distributed data storage method. The information is easy to tamper and unreliable, and the monitoring problem of the contract execution status is solved through the automatic execution of the smart contract program, thereby reducing the risks in the process of crowdsourcing contract construction and execution.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme for solving technical problems:

A feature of the crowdsourcing construction method based on blockchain-based smart contracts of the present invention is to perform the following steps:

Step 1. Define the set of users of the smart contract as U={V _α ,V}, where V _α is Party A of the smart contract, V is the set of Party B of the smart contract, and: V={V ₁ ,V ₂ ,...,V _i ,...,V _m }, V _i is the i-th user in the set of Party B, 1≤i≤m;

Step 2. Release of smart contract tasks and rules:

The party A V _α signs the smart contract containing tasks and rules with its own private key, and the miners add the signed smart contract as a block TR to the main chain of the block chain; the task of the smart contract Recorded as T={t ₁ ,t ₂ ,...,t _p ,...,t _n }, t _p is the pth subtask; 1≤p≤n;

Step 3. Claiming of contract tasks:

Step 3.1. Define the number of blocks on the branch chain starting from the block TR as ρ, and initialize ρ=0;

Step 3.2, assuming that the i-th user V _i expects to claim several sub-tasks in the task, then the i-th user V _i inquires whether there is a termination block on the branch chain starting from the block TR; if it exists, then Indicates that the smart contract has been signed, if it does not exist, go to step 3.3;

Step 3.3, initializing p=1;

Step 3.4: The i-th user V _i marks the state of the willingness to claim the p-th sub-task t _p in the task when represents that the i-th user V _i expects to claim the p-th subtask t _p ; when Indicates that the i-th user V _i does not claim the p-th subtask t _p ;

Step 3.5: After assigning p+1 to p, return to step 3.4 until p=n, so as to obtain the status of the i-th user V _i 's willingness to claim all subtasks;

Step 3.6, Judgment Whether it is established, if it is established, it means that the i-th user V _i expects to claim all subtasks and can complete them independently, so after signing the smart contract according to the rules of the smart contract, execute step 3.7; otherwise, execute step 3.8;

Step 3.7, the party A V _α and the i-th user V _i jointly sign the signed smart contract respectively, and the miners add the jointly signed smart contract as a block to the main chain of the block chain , the miner adds a termination block on the branch chain starting from the block TR;

Step 3.8. The i-th user V _i signs the state of claim willingness of each subtask in the task, and the miner adds all signed state of claim willingness to the branch chain of the blockchain, and at the same time ρ+ 1 is assigned to ρ;

Step 4. Check the branch chain of the blockchain to determine whether all users participating in the smart contract on the branch chain can crowdsource and complete all the subtasks of the smart contract:

Step 4.1. Define all users on the branch chain of the blockchain as {V ₁ ′, V ₂ ′,...,V _k ′,...,V _ρ ′}; V _k ′ represents the The kth user on the chain, 1≤k≤ρ; define the user assigned to the qth subtask t _q as V _q ″; 1≤q≤n; initialize V _q ″=NULL;

Step 4.2, initialize q=1;

Step 4.3, initialization k=1;

Step 4.4, Judgment Whether it is true, if true, then assign V _k ′ to V _q ″, and assign q+1 to q, and return to step 4.3 until q=n; otherwise, assign k+1 to k, and return to step 4.4, until k=rho;

Step 4.5, initialize q=1;

Step 4.6. Determine whether V _q ″=NULL is true. If true, it means that there are unclaimed subtasks, then wait for other users to claim and return to step 3.2; if not, assign q+1 to q, and return to step 4.6 until until q=n;

Step 4.7, all subtasks are claimed and assigned, and the smart contract is signed according to the rules of the smart contract;

Step 4.8, the party A V _α and all users assigned sub-tasks jointly sign the signed smart contract respectively, and the miners add the jointly signed smart contract as a block to the main chain of the blockchain , the miner adds a termination block on the branch chain starting from the block TR.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. The present invention utilizes blockchain-based distributed data storage technology to make the constructed crowdsourcing smart contract reliable and tamper-proof without a third party, and the crowdsourcing smart contract is executed in a procedural manner to ensure the integrity of the contract execution results. predictability.

2. The present invention distributes the contract tasks in the form of blocks on the blockchain main chain, thereby eliminating the need for third-party intermediate links, so that the task issuer and the problem solver can directly get in touch; the contract task Publishing on the blockchain main chain also makes the source of the task open and transparent, and the required content and rules cannot be tampered with, thus ensuring the reliability of the contract task release.

3. The present invention records the user's willingness to complete the contract task on the branch chain headed by the contract task block, thereby recording the entire process of claiming the contract task, ensuring the openness and transparency of the contract signing process, and also ensuring the contract signing process. reliability of the contract.

4. The crowdsourcing contract signed by the present invention is a smart contract that is jointly signed by both parties and published on the blockchain main chain in the form of an executable program. It has the characteristics of automatic execution, thereby ensuring the predictability of the contract execution results. In this way, the problem of possible disputes between the two parties due to dissatisfaction with the results during the execution of the contract is avoided.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 flow chart of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the block chain of the present invention.

detailed description

As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, a blockchain-based crowdsourcing construction method for smart contracts is applied to blockchain users to establish crowdsourcing smart contracts, specifically, it is executed according to the following steps :

Step 1. Define the set of blockchain users who participate in the construction of crowdsourcing smart contracts as U={V _α ,V}, where V _α is Party A constructed by crowdsourcing smart contracts, and V is the set of Party B constructed by crowdsourcing smart contracts , and have: V={V ₁ ,V ₂ ,...,V _i ,...,V _m }, V _i is the i-th user in the set of Party B, and 1≤i≤m;

In this embodiment, the distributed blockchain data storage method corresponds to a P2P network, and all users who use the blockchain to store information are in a peer-to-peer network without a central node; a block of the blockchain It can be the sum of transactions between users over a period of time, or it can be a smart contract task and rule or an automatically executed smart contract signed and jointly signed by both parties of the contract. Each block consists of two parts: block header and block body Composition; the block header contains the hash value of the block body, the timestamp and the hash value of the previous block used to link the block, etc., and the block body contains actual and valid information.

Step 2. Release of smart contract tasks and rules:

Party A V _α signs the smart contract containing tasks and rules with its own private key, and then the miners verify the signature information through the consensus algorithm, and add the signed smart contract as a block TR to the main chain of the blockchain; The task of the smart contract is recorded as T={t ₁ ,t ₂ ,...,t _p ,...,t _n }, t _p is the pth subtask; 1≤p≤n; other users of the blockchain The blockchain demand task information can be obtained by querying the data on the main chain or establishing a blockchain contract task query website. Because the required tasks have passed the consensus of the entire network and are linked to the blockchain through cryptographic methods, the authenticity and immutability of the required tasks are guaranteed.

Step 3. Claiming of contract tasks:

Step 3.1. Define the number of blocks on the branch chain starting from the block TR as ρ, and initialize ρ=0;

In this embodiment, a branch chain refers to a chain that records information about other users claiming the contract task, so the branch chain starts from the block TR published on the main chain by contract tasks and rules, as shown in Figure 2. Recording the information of the user's claiming required tasks on the blockchain makes the information open and transparent, and linking through cryptographic methods makes the claiming information non-tamperable and prevents false claims.

Step 3.2. Assuming that the i-th user V _i expects to claim several sub-tasks in the contract task, then the i-th user V _i inquires whether there is a termination block on the branch chain starting from the block TR; if it exists, it means that the smart contract Once the contract has been signed, the contract will no longer accept applications from other users to complete the contract task; if it does not exist, go to step 3.3;

Step 3.3, initialize p=1;

Step 3.4: The i-th user V _i marks the status of the willingness to claim the p-th sub-task t _p in the task when represents that the i-th user V _i expects to claim the p-th subtask t _p ; when Indicates that the i-th user V _i does not claim the p-th subtask t _p ;

Step 3.5. After assigning p+1 to p, return to step 3.4 until p=n, and complete the user V _i 's marking of the subtasks willing to complete the task through a cycle from 1 to n, so as to obtain the i-th User V _i 's willingness to claim all subtasks;

Step 3.6, Judgment Whether it is established, if it is established, it means that the i-th user V _i can independently complete all contract sub-tasks. At this time, the user of Party A who issued the contract task and the user of Party B who claimed the contract task signed the smart contract according to the rules of the smart contract, and executed Step 3.7; if it is not established, it means that the i-th user V _i can only complete part of the sub-tasks of the contract, perform step 3.8, and record the claim intention of user V _i on the branch chain;

In this embodiment, if a user can independently complete all contract sub-tasks released by Party A, Party A will first sign a smart contract with Party B without considering other users’ claims for the contract sub-tasks, and can independently complete all contract sub-tasks. Party B of the subtask does not need to record his claim of the contract task on the branch chain.

Step 3.7, Party A V _α and i-th user V _i jointly sign the signed smart contract respectively, and the miner adds the jointly signed smart contract as a block to the main chain of the blockchain, and then The miner adds a termination block on the branch chain starting from the block TR; prevents other users from claiming the contract task.

Step 3.8. The i-th user V _i signs the status of claim willingness of the n subtasks in the task, and then the miners verify it through the consensus algorithm, and add the signed claim willing status to the branch chain of the blockchain. At the same time Assign ρ+1 to ρ;

Step 4. Check the branch chain of the blockchain to determine whether all users participating in the smart contract on the branch chain can crowdsource and complete all subtasks of the smart contract:

Step 4.1, define all users on the branch chain of the blockchain as {V ₁ ′, V ₂ ′,...,V _k ′,...,V _ρ ′}; V _k ′ represents the first user on the branch chain k users, 1≤k≤ρ; define the user assigned to the qth subtask t _q as V _q ″; 1≤q≤n; initialize all V _q ″=NULL;

Step 4.2, initialize q=1;

Step 4.3, initialization k=1;

Step 4.4, Judgment Whether it is true, if true, it means that the kth user on the branch chain can complete the qth subtask of the contract, and the qth subtask t _q will be assigned to the user V _k ′ to execute V _q ″=V _k ′, q= q+1, return to step 4.3 until q=n; otherwise, assign k+1 to k, return to step 4.4 until k=ρ;

In this embodiment, the above-mentioned two-layer loop is to check the status of the sub-task claimed by the user on the branch chain; once the inner loop checks whether a sub-task has been claimed by the user, and the outer loop q from 1 to n indicates that n sub-tasks are processed sequentially. task to check.

Step 4.5, initialize q=1;

Step 4.6. Determine whether V _q ″=NULL is true. If true, it means that there are unclaimed subtasks, then wait for other users to claim and return to step 3.2; if not, assign q+1 to q, and return to step 4.6 until Until q=n; use a loop to find out whether there are subtasks that have not been received. If there is no V _q ″=NULL, it means that all subtasks can be completed, go to step 4.7.

Step 4.7. All sub-tasks are claimed and assigned, and a smart contract is signed according to the rules of the smart contract;

Step 4.8, Party A V _α and all users assigned subtasks jointly sign the signed smart contract, and after the miner adds the jointly signed smart contract as a block to the main chain of the blockchain, the miner The addition terminates the block on the branch chain starting from the block TR.

Claims (1)

1. A crowdsourcing construction method based on blockchain-based smart contracts, characterized in that it is performed in the following steps: Step 1. Define the set of users of the smart contract as U={V _α ,V}, where V _α is Party A of the smart contract, V is the set of Party B of the smart contract, and: V={V ₁ ,V ₂ ,...,V _i ,...,V _m }, V _i is the i-th user in the set of Party B, 1≤i≤m; Step 2. Release of smart contract tasks and rules: The party A V _α signs the smart contract containing tasks and rules with its own private key, and the miners add the signed smart contract as a block TR to the main chain of the block chain; the task of the smart contract Recorded as T={t ₁ ,t ₂ ,...,t _p ,...,t _n }, t _p is the pth subtask; 1≤p≤n; Step 3. Claiming of contract tasks: Step 3.1. Define the number of blocks on the branch chain starting from the block TR as ρ, and initialize ρ=0; Step 3.2, assuming that the i-th user V _i expects to claim several sub-tasks in the task, then the i-th user V _i inquires whether there is a termination block on the branch chain starting from the block TR; if it exists, then Indicates that the smart contract has been signed, if it does not exist, go to step 3.3; Step 3.3, initialize p=1; Step 3.4: The i-th user V _i marks the state of the willingness to claim the p-th sub-task t _p in the task when represents that the i-th user V _i expects to claim the p-th subtask t _p ; when Indicates that the i-th user V _i does not claim the p-th subtask t _p ; Step 3.5: After assigning p+1 to p, return to step 3.4 until p=n, so as to obtain the status of the i-th user V _i 's willingness to claim all subtasks; Step 3.6, Judgment Whether it is established, if it is established, it means that the i-th user V _i expects to claim all subtasks and can complete them independently, so after signing the smart contract according to the rules of the smart contract, execute step 3.7; otherwise, execute step 3.8; Step 3.7, the party A V _α and the i-th user V _i jointly sign the signed smart contract respectively, and the miners add the jointly signed smart contract as a block to the main chain of the block chain , the miner adds a termination block on the branch chain starting from the block TR; Step 3.8. The i-th user V _i signs the state of claim willingness of each subtask in the task, and the miner adds all signed state of claim willingness to the branch chain of the blockchain, and at the same time ρ+ 1 is assigned to ρ; Step 4. Check the branch chain of the blockchain to determine whether all users participating in the smart contract on the branch chain can crowdsource and complete all the subtasks of the smart contract: Step 4.1. Define all users on the branch chain of the blockchain as {V′ ₁ , V′ ₂ ,...,V′ _k ,...,V′ _ρ }; V′ _k represents the The kth user on the chain, 1≤k≤ρ; define the user assigned to the qth subtask t _q as V″ _q ; 1≤q≤n; initialize V″ _q = NULL; Step 4.2, initialize q=1; Step 4.3, initialization k=1; Step 4.4, Judgment Whether it is true, if true, then assign V′ _k to V″ _q , and assign q+1 to q, and return to step 4.3 until q=n; otherwise, assign k+1 to k, and return to step 4.4, until k=rho; Step 4.5, initialize q=1; Step 4.6, judge whether V″ _q = NULL is true, if true, it means that there are unclaimed subtasks, wait for other users to claim and return to step 3.2; if not, assign q+1 to q, return to step 4.6, until until q=n; Step 4.7, all subtasks are claimed and assigned, and the smart contract is signed according to the rules of the smart contract; Step 4.8, the party A V _α and all users assigned sub-tasks jointly sign the signed smart contract respectively, and the miners add the jointly signed smart contract as a block to the main chain of the blockchain , the miner adds a termination block on the branch chain starting from the block TR.