CN106833566A - A kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106833566A CN106833566A CN201710027364.2A CN201710027364A CN106833566A CN 106833566 A CN106833566 A CN 106833566A CN 201710027364 A CN201710027364 A CN 201710027364A CN 106833566 A CN106833566 A CN 106833566A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- -1 density palliative Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical group [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017059 organic montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-2-n,2-n-diethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(N)=CC(Cl)=N1 XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940035044 sorbitan monolaurate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N (+)-Neomenthol Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UTLUCORTSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical group FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Citral Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CC=O WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-menthol Natural products CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1O NOOLISFMXDJSKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940043350 citral Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N geranial Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\C=O WTEVQBCEXWBHNA-JXMROGBWSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940041616 menthol Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001587 sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011076 sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940035048 sorbitan monostearate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000248349 Citrus limon Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010729 system oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 description 4
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910003978 SiClx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XQCFHQBGMWUEMY-ZPUQHVIOSA-N Nitrovin Chemical compound C=1C=C([N+]([O-])=O)OC=1\C=C\C(=NNC(=N)N)\C=C\C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)O1 XQCFHQBGMWUEMY-ZPUQHVIOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N Sorbitan monopalmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001570 sorbitan monopalmitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011071 sorbitan monopalmitate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940031953 sorbitan monopalmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/32—Non-aqueous well-drilling compositions, e.g. oil-based
- C09K8/36—Water-in-oil emulsions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/10—Nanoparticle-containing well treatment fluids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid, it is characterised in that be formulated by following starting components：Base oil, density palliative, suspension stabilizer, emulsifying agent, tackifier, fluid loss additive, flow pattern regulator, alkalinity regulator, calcium chloride water；Basic miscella be by 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas liquefaction mix after, then stirring add flash-point Improve agent, stand 0.5h~1h；The stirring at low speed at 30~40 DEG C of temperature, is slowly added to oil-soluble gas phase nano silica, adds while stirring, and adition process is controlled in 2h~3h.With good emulsion stability and rheological characteristic, there is strong rejection capability to mud shale, emulsion-breaking voltage is high, filter loss is small, density is 0.75g/cm3~0.90g/cm3, take sand and bearing capacity is strong, rate of penetration is cleaned and improved beneficial to well, the severe circulation loss problem on low-pressure stratum and section crushed zone stratum long is solved, and is particularly suitable for application to Low pressure reservoir, exhaustion, water-sensitive strata.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil base drilling fluid, more particularly to a kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
For the probing and exploitation of low pressure reservoir, comparatively ideal drilling fluid is foam drilling fluid, with stronger removing
With cutting carring ability, foam drilling fluid is applied to drilling process can be improved rate of penetration, reduce bit freezing number of times, reduce drill bit and disappear
Consumption and required power.But the water base foam drilling fluid of routine is, as continuous media, by the effect of foaming agent, to pass through with water
Mix to reduce density formation foam or microvesicle with air, because base fluid density is high, the reduction degree of system density receives objective bar
Part is limited, and particularly in some low pressure deep-wells area, drilling fluid stability is a greater impact, and in the strong low pressure of water sensitivity
Reservoir easily causes shale hydration expansion, limits the application of the technology.
Oil-based foam drilling technology is emerging drilling technology, can be on ultralow pressure, high temperature, deep-well and the strong stratum of water sensitivity
Using the complexity such as the leakage, cave-in, the bit freezing that trigger due to hydration that can solve that conventional water base foam drilling well runs into
Problem；It is a kind of very promising boring method and easy to maintain, heat endurance is good.But the stabilization of oil-based foam and
Resistance stratum water pollution is the main bugbear that the current drilling fluid system faces, it is difficult to meet the demand of drilling technology.
Extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid can solve above-mentioned problem when ultra low pressure formations and strong retraction stratum is tackled.
But for a long time, extremely-low density (≤0.95g/cm3) oil base drilling fluid due to solid concentration it is extremely low, its rheological characteristic and suspending power
It is difficult to coordinate, or viscosity is too high, flow resistance is too big, and drilling well discharge capacity does not reach wellbore clearance requirement；Viscosity is not enough, envelope
Sedimentation is serious when low temperature, low flow velocity or static state in well for blocking agent.Therefore, the extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid of prior art exists close
Degree is not low enough, easily causes the complex situations such as the severe circulation loss on low-pressure stratum and section crushed zone stratum long.Conventional oil base drilling fluid its
Prepare that density is minimum is only capable of reaching 0.93g/cm3, less than 0.93g/cm3The drilling fluid of density can only use gas base drilling fluid, such as
The drilling fluids such as air, nitrogen, foam.So, extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid it is extremely difficult preparation and stability is poor, it is difficult to adapt to low
Force feed gas well and the drilling well of low pressure shale gas well long-time, completion requirements.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid and preparation method thereof, and density is 0.70g/cm3~0.90g/
cm3, it is high less than the inverse emulsification oil base drilling fluid of conventional Water-In-Oil, good emulsion stability and rheological characteristic, high temperature with density
Press filtration vector is small, water resistant, soil, salt, water-base drilling fluid and the features such as strong cement mortar pollutant performance, have strong rejection capability to mud shale,
Take sand and bearing capacity is strong, rate of penetration is cleaned and improved beneficial to well, with obvious leak preventing effect, can effectively solve low pressure
Stratum and the severe circulation loss problem on section crushed zone stratum long, are particularly suitable for application to Low pressure reservoir, exhaustion, water-sensitive strata,
To reduce operation pressure difference, prevent payzone leakage from polluting oil-gas Layer, improve oil-gas reservoir recovery ratio.
In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, intend using following technology：
A kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid, it is characterised in that by following starting components according to weight and for very
It is formulated：
(1) base oil：80.00% -95.00%；
(2) density palliative：0.00% -25.00%；
(3) suspension stabilizer：0.00% -0.50%；
(4) emulsifying agent：2.00% -3.50%；
(5) tackifier：0.50% -4.00%；
(6) fluid loss additive：3.00% -6.00%；
(7) flow pattern regulator：0.00% -0.50%；
(8) alkalinity regulator：2.00% -3.00%；
(9) calcium chloride water：2.00% -10.00%；
The base oil be by 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas liquefaction mix after, then stirring add flash-point improve
Agent, stands 0.5h~1h；The stirring at low speed at 30~40 DEG C of temperature, is sucked by vacuum using mixing hopper, is slowly added to oil
Dissolubility gas phase nano silica, is added while stirring, and adition process is controlled in 2h~3h.Wherein 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural
Gas liquefaction, oil-soluble gas phase nano silica, the usage ratio of flash-point Improve agent are 30~40:10~20:50~60:5~
10:2~4；Wherein, flash-point Improve agent be menthol, firpene, citral, one or more of lemon alcohol；
Described density palliative is according to 3~4 by hollow glass microbead, nano-aluminium oxide, nano-calcium carbonate:
0.5~1:0.5~1 ratio is mixed；
The suspension stabilizer is sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monostearate, anhydrous sorbitol list
One or more in palmitate, sorbitan mono-laurate；
Described emulsifying agent is chain alkyl fatty acid polyamide class nonionic surfactant, or long chain alkyl ammonium salt
Cationoid surfactant；
Described tackifier are polyamide, organic montmorillonite, one or more of bentonite；
Described fluid loss additive be humic acid acetamide, oil-soluble resin, sulfonated gilsonite, modified sulfonated gilsonite in one kind or
It is various；
Described flow pattern regulator is the one kind or many in epoxy resin, alkoxylated fats amine, polyoxyethylene ether diamine
Kind；
Described alkalinity regulator is magnesia, or calcium oxide；
The mass concentration of the calcium chloride water is 20.00%~35.00%.
A kind of preparation method of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
The preparation of a, base oil：After 3# white oils, 5# white oils, the mixing of natural gas liquefaction, then flash-point is added to carry in stirring
Agent high, stands 0.5h~1h；The stirring at low speed at 30~40 DEG C of temperature, is sucked by vacuum using mixing hopper, is slowly added to
Oil-soluble gas phase nano silica, adds while stirring, and adition process control is made after the completion of 2h~3h, addition；
B, under conditions of high-speed stirred, by emulsifying agent, flow pattern regulator add base oil in, continue stir, make system
It is well mixed；
Under conditions of c, maintenance high-speed stirred, by alkalinity regulator and the above-mentioned system of calcium chloride water addition, continue
Stirring, is well mixed system；
Under conditions of d, maintenance high-speed stirred, tackifier, fluid loss additive are added, continue to stir, be well mixed system；
E, under conditions of stirring at low speed, be sucked by vacuum using mixing hopper, by density palliative and suspending stabilized
Agent is added in system, continues to stir, and is well mixed system.
The mixing speed of the high-speed stirred is 8000~12000r/min, and the mixing speed of the stirring at low speed is 100
~300r/min.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, up to 0.70g/cm3, high temperature and high pre ssure filtration≤6mL, AV (expression apparent viscosity) is 14- to least density
30mPa.s, PV (expression plastic viscosity) are 10-24mPa.s, and YP (expression yield value) is 3-10Pa,(represent in 6rpm rotating speeds
The readings of lower viscosimeter) it is 2-10,(representing the readings of the viscosimeter under 3rpm rotating speeds) is 1-8.Using conventional diesel oil or
When white oil is prepared, the oil base drilling fluid least density of preparation is only 0.90g/cm3；But using base oil, be added without density and subtract
In the case of light diaphoretic prescription, the low density drilling fluid of 0.85~0.90g/cm3 can be obtained；Using base oil, addition density palliative
In the case of, while adding suspension stabilizer, flow pattern regulator, the drilling fluid of least density 0.70g/cm3 can be obtained；So as to close
Degree scope is up to 0.70g/cm3~0.90g/cm3.
2nd, set by the formulation selection and preparation method of base oil, the base of low-density can be provided for the preparation of drilling fluid
Plinth oil, the density of base oil is 0.78-0.80g/cm3, close flash point >=60 DEG C.Meanwhile, introduce oil-soluble gas phase nano dioxy
SiClx and flash-point Improve agent, on the basis of low-density, improve ultraviolet, visible ray and the infrared-reflecting power of base oil,
Soft-agglomerated degree is substantially reduced, and surface tension can be effectively improved, reduce volatility, improve flash-point.
3rd, it is low density the characteristics of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid, in this case, usual drilling fluid occurs：
1. apparent viscosity is low, less than 10mPas；Yield value is low, the situation less than 3Pa；Cause drilling fluid to lack to suspend surely
It is qualitative, it is impossible to carry the landwaste produced in drilling process；
2. HTHP filter losses are high, higher than 10mL, even above 20mL, cause drilling fluid big in underground loss, while pollution
Stratum and oil and gas reservoir；Comprehensive 1. 2. two problems, need to improve viscosity, while reducing HTHP；
3. when adding density palliative, easily there is the reunion of density palliative, cause drilling fluid viscosity mistake integrally occur
Height, or even the phenomenon being gelled, so as to lose flowability；
Pin is in this regard, present invention employs the side that nano-aluminium oxide, nano-calcium carbonate are mixed into hollow glass microballoon
Method, reduces the Fragmentation Phenomena of density palliative, compared to the method that prior art adds organic polymer, density will not be caused to carry
It is high；
Again, method of the present invention using suspension stabilizer and rheology control agent is added in system, solve it is above-mentioned 1.
2. problem 3., prevents density palliative from reuniting, and improves the mobility of drilling fluid.
4th, the extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid that the present invention is prepared, density is 0.70g/cm3~0.90g/cm3, with good
Emulsion stability and rheological characteristic, high temperature and high pre ssure filtration be small, water resistant, soil, salt, water-base drilling fluid and cement mortar pollutant performance are strong etc.
Feature, there is strong rejection capability to mud shale, take sand and bearing capacity is strong, cleaned beneficial to well and improve rate of penetration, with obvious
Leak preventing effect, can effectively solve the severe circulation loss problem on low-pressure stratum and section crushed zone stratum long, for Low pressure reservoir, decline
Exhaust, water-sensitive strata has a wide range of applications.
Specific embodiment
Set with component according to the method described above, the preparation that different formula ratios complete drilling fluid is taken respectively.Wherein, first two groups
Experiment is not added with density palliative.
Embodiment one
A kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid, by following starting components according to weight and to be very formulated：
Base oil 95.00%；Density palliative 0.00%；Suspension stabilizer 0.00%；Emulsifying agent 2.00%；Tackifier
0.50%；Fluid loss additive 5.00%；Flow pattern regulator 0.00%；Alkalinity regulator 2.00%；Calcium chloride water 2.00%；Its
In, base oil be by 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas liquefaction mix after, then stirring add flash-point Improve agent, stand
1h；The stirring at low speed at 30 DEG C of temperature, is sucked by vacuum using mixing hopper, is slowly added to oil-soluble gas phase nano titanium dioxide
Silicon, is added while stirring, and adition process is controlled in 2h, wherein 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas liquefaction, oil-soluble gas phase nano
Silica, the usage ratio of flash-point Improve agent are 30:10:60:5:2；Wherein, flash-point Improve agent is menthol.Emulsifying agent is
Chain alkyl fatty acid polyamide class nonionic surfactant；Tackifier are polyamide；Fluid loss additive is humic acid acyl
Amine；Alkalinity regulator is magnesia.The mass concentration of calcium chloride water is 20.00%.
After getting out base oil, under the conditions of high-speed stirred 8000r/min, emulsifying agent is added in base oil, continued
Stirring, is well mixed system；Under conditions of maintenance high-speed stirred 8000r/min, by alkalinity regulator and calcium chloride water
Add in above-mentioned system, continue to stir, be well mixed system；Maintain under conditions of high-speed stirred 8000r/min, add increasing
Stick, fluid loss additive, continue to stir, and are well mixed system, obtain low density drilling fluid.
Embodiment two
A kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid, by following starting components according to weight and to be very formulated：
Base oil 90.00%；Density palliative 0.00%；Suspension stabilizer 0.20%；Emulsifying agent 3.50%；Tackifier
1.00%；Fluid loss additive 4.00%；Flow pattern regulator 0.00%；Alkalinity regulator 3.00%；Calcium chloride water 5.00%；Its
In, base oil be by 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas liquefaction mix after, then stirring add flash-point Improve agent, stand
1h；The stirring at low speed at 30 DEG C of temperature, is sucked by vacuum using mixing hopper, is slowly added to oil-soluble gas phase nano titanium dioxide
Silicon, is added while stirring, and adition process is controlled in 3h, wherein 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas liquefaction, oil-soluble gas phase nano
Silica, the usage ratio of flash-point Improve agent are 40:15:50:10:4；Wherein, flash-point Improve agent is firpene.Emulsifying agent is length
Alkyl quaternary ammonium salts cationoid surfactant；Tackifier are organic montmorillonite；Fluid loss additive is oil-soluble resin；Basicity is adjusted
Section agent is calcium oxide.The mass concentration of calcium chloride water is 25.00%.
After getting out base oil, under the conditions of high-speed stirred 10000r/min, emulsifying agent is added in base oil, continued
Stirring, is well mixed system；Under conditions of maintenance high-speed stirred 10000r/min, by alkalinity regulator and calcium chloride water
Add in above-mentioned system, continue to stir, be well mixed system；Maintain under conditions of high-speed stirred 10000r/min, add
Tackifier, fluid loss additive, continue to stir, and are well mixed system；Under conditions of stirring at low speed 200r/min, leaked using mixing
Bucket is sucked by vacuum, and suspension stabilizer is added in system, continues to stir, and is well mixed system, is obtained low-density and is bored
Well liquid.
Embodiment three
A kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid, by following starting components according to weight and to be very formulated：
Base oil 90.00%；Density palliative 5.00%；Suspension stabilizer 0.20%；Emulsifying agent 3.00%；Tackifier
4.00%；Fluid loss additive 3.00%；Flow pattern regulator 0.20%；Alkalinity regulator 2.00%；Calcium chloride water 5.00%；Its
In, base oil be by 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas liquefaction mix after, then stirring add flash-point Improve agent, stand
0.5h；The stirring at low speed at 40 DEG C of temperature, is sucked by vacuum using mixing hopper, is slowly added to oil-soluble gas phase nano dioxy
SiClx, is added while stirring, and adition process is controlled in 2h, and wherein 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas liquefaction, oil-soluble gas phase is received
Rice silica, the usage ratio of flash-point Improve agent are 35:20:60:6:3；Wherein, flash-point Improve agent is citral.Density subtracts
Light diaphoretic prescription is according to 3 by hollow glass microbead, nano-aluminium oxide, nano-calcium carbonate:0.5:0.5 ratio is mixed.It is outstanding
Floating stabilizer is sorbitan monooleate.Emulsifying agent is long chain alkyl ammonium salt cationoid surfactant；Tackifier
It is organobentonite；Fluid loss additive is sulfonated gilsonite；Alkalinity regulator is calcium oxide.The mass concentration of calcium chloride water is
30.00%.
After getting out base oil, under the conditions of high-speed stirred 10000r/min, emulsifying agent is added in base oil, continued
Stirring, is well mixed system；Under conditions of maintenance high-speed stirred 10000r/min, by alkalinity regulator and calcium chloride water
Add in above-mentioned system, continue to stir, be well mixed system；Maintain under conditions of high-speed stirred 10000r/min, add
Tackifier, fluid loss additive, continue to stir, and are well mixed system；Under conditions of stirring at low speed 100r/min, leaked using mixing
Bucket is sucked by vacuum, and density palliative and suspension stabilizer are added in system, continues to stir, and is well mixed system,
Obtain low density drilling fluid.
Example IV
A kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid, by following starting components according to weight and to be very formulated：
Base oil 85.00%；Density palliative 15.00%；Suspension stabilizer 0.50%；Emulsifying agent 2.00%；Tackifier
3.00%；Fluid loss additive 3.00%；Flow pattern regulator 0.50%；Alkalinity regulator 2.50%；Calcium chloride water 10.00%；
Wherein, after base oil is by 3# white oils, 5# white oils, the mixing of natural gas liquefaction, then flash-point Improve agent is added in stirring, is stood
0.6h；The stirring at low speed at 35 DEG C of temperature, is sucked by vacuum using mixing hopper, is slowly added to oil-soluble gas phase nano dioxy
SiClx, is added while stirring, and adition process is controlled in 2.5h, wherein 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas liquefaction, oil-soluble gas phase
Nano silicon, the usage ratio of flash-point Improve agent are 30:15:55:8:2；Wherein, flash-point Improve agent is lemon alcohol.Density
Palliative is according to 4 by hollow glass microbead, nano-aluminium oxide, nano-calcium carbonate:0.6:1 ratio is mixed.It is outstanding
Floating stabilizer is the mixture of sorbitan monostearate and sorbitan monopalmitate.Emulsifying agent is chain alkyl
Quaternary cationic surfactant；Tackifier are organic montmorillonite and bentonite mixture；Fluid loss additive is to change
Property sulfonated gilsonite；Alkalinity regulator is magnesia.The mass concentration of calcium chloride water is 35.00%.
After getting out base oil, under the conditions of high-speed stirred 12000r/min, emulsifying agent is added in base oil, continued
Stirring, is well mixed system；Under conditions of maintenance high-speed stirred 12000r/min, by alkalinity regulator and calcium chloride water
Add in above-mentioned system, continue to stir, be well mixed system；Maintain under conditions of high-speed stirred 12000r/min, add
Tackifier, fluid loss additive, continue to stir, and are well mixed system；Under conditions of stirring at low speed 200r/min, leaked using mixing
Bucket is sucked by vacuum, and density palliative and suspension stabilizer are added in system, continues to stir, and is well mixed system,
Obtain low density drilling fluid.
Embodiment five
A kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid, by following starting components according to weight and to be very formulated：
Base oil 80.00%；Density palliative 20.00%；Suspension stabilizer 0.40%；Emulsifying agent 2.50%；Tackifier
2.50%；Fluid loss additive 4.50%；Flow pattern regulator 0.40%；Alkalinity regulator 2.50%；Calcium chloride water 5.00%；Its
In, base oil be by 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas liquefaction mix after, then stirring add flash-point Improve agent, stand
1h；The stirring at low speed at 30 DEG C of temperature, is sucked by vacuum using mixing hopper, is slowly added to oil-soluble gas phase nano titanium dioxide
Silicon, is added while stirring, and adition process is controlled in 2h, wherein 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas liquefaction, oil-soluble gas phase nano
Silica, the usage ratio of flash-point Improve agent are 40:12:58:5:3；Wherein, flash-point Improve agent is lemon alcohol.Density mitigates
Agent is according to 3.5 by hollow glass microbead, nano-aluminium oxide, nano-calcium carbonate:0.8:0.6 ratio is mixed.It is outstanding
Floating stabilizer is sorbitan mono-laurate.Emulsifying agent is long chain alkyl ammonium salt cationoid surfactant；Thickening
Agent is organic montmorillonite and bentonite mixture；Fluid loss additive is modified sulfonated gilsonite；Alkalinity regulator is magnesia.
The mass concentration of calcium chloride water is 35.00%.
After getting out base oil, under the conditions of high-speed stirred 12000r/min, emulsifying agent is added in base oil, continued
Stirring, is well mixed system；Under conditions of maintenance high-speed stirred 12000r/min, by alkalinity regulator and calcium chloride water
Add in above-mentioned system, continue to stir, be well mixed system；Maintain under conditions of high-speed stirred 12000r/min, add
Tackifier, fluid loss additive, continue to stir, and are well mixed system, under conditions of stirring at low speed 300r/min, are leaked using mixing
Bucket is sucked by vacuum, and density palliative and suspension stabilizer are added in system, continues to stir, and is well mixed system,
Obtain low density drilling fluid.
Embodiment six
A kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid, by following starting components according to weight and to be very formulated：
Base oil 85.00%；Density palliative 25.00%；Suspension stabilizer 0.30%；Emulsifying agent 2.50%；Tackifier
1.50%；Fluid loss additive 6.00%；Flow pattern regulator 0.50%；Alkalinity regulator 2.00%；Calcium chloride water 8.00%；Its
In, base oil be by 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas liquefaction mix after, then stirring add flash-point Improve agent, stand
1h；The stirring at low speed at 30 DEG C of temperature, is sucked by vacuum using mixing hopper, is slowly added to oil-soluble gas phase nano titanium dioxide
Silicon, is added while stirring, and adition process is controlled in 3h, wherein 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas liquefaction, oil-soluble gas phase nano
Silica, the usage ratio of flash-point Improve agent are 40:12:58:5:3；Wherein, flash-point Improve agent is lemon alcohol.Density mitigates
Agent is according to 4 by hollow glass microbead, nano-aluminium oxide, nano-calcium carbonate:1:0.5 ratio is mixed.Suspend steady
Agent is determined for sorbitan mono-laurate.Emulsifying agent is long chain alkyl ammonium salt cationoid surfactant；Tackifier are
Organic montmorillonite and bentonite mixture；Fluid loss additive is modified sulfonated gilsonite；Alkalinity regulator is magnesia.Chlorination
The mass concentration of the calcium aqueous solution is 20.00%.
After getting out base oil, under the conditions of high-speed stirred 10000r/min, emulsifying agent is added in base oil, continued
Stirring, is well mixed system；Under conditions of maintenance high-speed stirred 10000r/min, by alkalinity regulator and calcium chloride water
Add in above-mentioned system, continue to stir, be well mixed system；Maintain under conditions of high-speed stirred 10000r/min, add
Tackifier, fluid loss additive, continue to stir, and are well mixed system, under conditions of stirring at low speed 100r/min, are leaked using mixing
Bucket is sucked by vacuum, and density palliative and suspension stabilizer are added in system, continues to stir, and is well mixed system,
Obtain low density drilling fluid.
Drilling fluid to embodiment one to six is tested, as a result as follows：
(1) density：
| Embodiment one | Embodiment two | Embodiment three | Example IV | Embodiment five | Embodiment six |
| 0.90g/cm3 | 0.87g/cm3 | 0.82g/cm3 | 0.79g/cm3 | 0.76g/cm3 | 0.70g/cm3 |
(2) rheological characteristic, stability and heat-resisting property：
After 180 DEG C of * 16h are aging, key parameter apparent viscosity AV is relatively low and stabilization, yield value YP are higher, demulsification
Voltage ES is high, HTHP is less than 10mL, illustrates that the extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid has good high temperature resistance stability and rheological characteristic,
Filter loss is low.
(3) anti-soil invades performance：
Every group of embodiment takes two parts respectively, and a copy of it adds 5% calcium clay model to intend anti-soil and invades experiment, and tests.Wherein,
The test result of embodiment two, four, five is as follows：
After 180 DEG C of * 16h are aging, sample-adding slurry changes little compared to slurry apparent viscosity is not loaded, API filtration
With phenomenon of the HTHP filter losses without mutation increase, illustrate that there is the extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid good anti-soil to invade performance.
(4) the aqueous energy of salt resistance：
Every group of embodiment takes two parts respectively, and a copy of it adds the 10% sodium chloride salt Fluid Dynamics water resistant of purity 25% to invade reality
Test, and test.Wherein, the test result of embodiment one, three, six is as follows：
After 180 DEG C of * 16h are aging, sample-adding slurry changes little compared to slurry apparent viscosity is not loaded, API filtration
With phenomenon of the HTHP filter losses without mutation increase, illustrate that the extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid has good salt resistance water enchroachment (invasion) performance.
(5) inhibition：
The secondary returning yield and expansion rate of testing example.The secondary returning yield of embodiment one to six all 96%~
Between 99.5%, expansion rate illustrates that it has good inhibition between 1.02%~1.14%.
The present invention is simultaneously to water resistant base drilling fluid performance, water resistant sludge-polluted performance, anti-gypsum pollutant performance of embodiment etc.
It is tested, test result shows, the extremely-low density drilling fluid that the present invention is obtained has good water resistant base drilling fluid
Energy, water resistant sludge-polluted performance and anti-gypsum pollutant performance.
The extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid that the present invention is prepared, density is 0.70g/cm3~0.90g/cm3, it is less than with density
The inverse emulsification oil base drilling fluid of conventional Water-In-Oil, good emulsion stability and rheological characteristic, high temperature and high pre ssure filtration be small, water resistant,
The features such as soil, salt, water-base drilling fluid and strong cement mortar pollutant performance, there is strong rejection capability to mud shale, take sand and bearing capacity is strong,
Rate of penetration is cleaned and improved beneficial to well, with obvious leak preventing effect, can effectively solve low-pressure stratum and section crushed zone long
The severe circulation loss problem on stratum, is particularly suitable for application to Low pressure reservoir, exhaustion, water-sensitive strata, to reduce operation pressure difference, prevents
Only payzone leakage pollution oil-gas Layer, improves oil-gas reservoir recovery ratio.
In practical application, technical staff can add according to application demand on the basis of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid
Heavy weight additive, you can be readily available 0.9-0.93g/cm3The oil base drilling fluid of density range.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid, it is characterised in that by following starting components according to weight and very to match somebody with somebody
System is formed：
(1) base oil：80.00% -95.00%；
(2) density palliative：0.00% -25.00%；
(3) suspension stabilizer：0.00% -0.50%；
(4) emulsifying agent：2.00% -3.50%；
(5) tackifier：0.50% -4.00%；
(6) fluid loss additive：3.00% -6.00%；
(7) flow pattern regulator：0.00% -0.50%；
(8) alkalinity regulator：2.00% -3.00%；
(9) calcium chloride water：2.00% -10.00%；
The base oil be by 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas liquefaction mix after, then stirring add flash-point Improve agent,
Stand 0.5h~1h；The stirring at low speed at 30~40 DEG C of temperature, is sucked by vacuum using mixing hopper, is slowly added to oil-soluble
Gas phase nano silica, is added while stirring, and adition process is controlled in 2h~3h.Wherein 3# white oils, 5# white oils, natural gas system
Oil, the usage ratio of oil-soluble gas phase nano silica, flash-point Improve agent are 30~40:10~20:50~60:5~10:2
~4；Wherein, flash-point Improve agent be menthol, firpene, citral, one or more of lemon alcohol；
Described density palliative is according to 3~4 by hollow glass microbead, nano-aluminium oxide, nano-calcium carbonate:0.5~
1:0.5~1 ratio is mixed；
The suspension stabilizer is sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monostearate, anhydrous sorbitol list palm
One or more in acid esters, sorbitan mono-laurate；
Described emulsifying agent be chain alkyl fatty acid polyamide class nonionic surfactant, or long chain alkyl ammonium salt class sun
Ionic surface active agent；
Described tackifier are polyamide, organic montmorillonite, one or more of bentonite；
Described fluid loss additive is the one kind or many in humic acid acetamide, oil-soluble resin, sulfonated gilsonite, modified sulfonated gilsonite
Kind；
Described flow pattern regulator is one or more in epoxy resin, alkoxylated fats amine, polyoxyethylene ether diamine；
Described alkalinity regulator is magnesia, or calcium oxide.
2. extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the quality of the calcium chloride water
Concentration is 20.00%~35.00%.
3. the preparation method of the extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid according to any one in claim 1~2, its feature exists
In comprising the following steps：
The preparation of a, base oil：After 3# white oils, 5# white oils, the mixing of natural gas liquefaction, then flash-point Improve agent is added in stirring,
Stand 0.5h~1h；The stirring at low speed at 30~40 DEG C of temperature, is sucked by vacuum using mixing hopper, is slowly added to oil-soluble
Gas phase nano silica, adds while stirring, and adition process control is made after the completion of 2h~3h, addition；
B, under conditions of high-speed stirred, by emulsifying agent, flow pattern regulator add base oil in, continue stir, mix system
Uniformly；
Under conditions of c, maintenance high-speed stirred, by alkalinity regulator and the above-mentioned system of calcium chloride water addition, continue to stir,
It is well mixed system；
Under conditions of d, maintenance high-speed stirred, tackifier, fluid loss additive are added, continue to stir, be well mixed system；
E, under conditions of stirring at low speed, be sucked by vacuum using mixing hopper, density palliative and suspension stabilizer are added
Enter in system, continue to stir, be well mixed system.
4. the preparation method of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the high-speed stirred
Mixing speed be 8000~12000r/min.
5. the preparation method of extremely-low density oil base drilling fluid according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the stirring at low speed
Mixing speed be 100~300r/min.
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