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CN106810662A - 安装泡沫及其作为粘结剂、制造涂层或填充内部缝隙结构的用途 - Google Patents

安装泡沫及其作为粘结剂、制造涂层或填充内部缝隙结构的用途 Download PDF

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CN106810662A
CN106810662A CN201611044102.9A CN201611044102A CN106810662A CN 106810662 A CN106810662 A CN 106810662A CN 201611044102 A CN201611044102 A CN 201611044102A CN 106810662 A CN106810662 A CN 106810662A
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汤姆斯·珀鲁斯
妮娜·库莉丝
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SELENA LABS SP Z OO
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Abstract

本发明为一种含有多元醇、异氰酸酯、增塑剂、表面活性剂、催化剂和气体的安装泡沫，其特征在于，其含有30％～35％的多元醇、15.5％～17.5％的气体，其中NCO:OH的比值为3.4至3.9；以及一种所述安装泡沫作为粘结剂以用于制造涂层或用于填充内部缝隙结构的用途。

Description

安装泡沫及其作为粘结剂、制造涂层或填充内部缝隙结构的 用途
技术领域
本发明为一种安装泡沫，特别是在建筑业中用于填充裂缝以及用于将保温材料固定到建筑物的结构构件上。
背景技术
已知粘结砂浆在建筑业中用于将保温件粘结到建筑墙体上，该粘结砂浆的制造需要将干水泥基组合物与水混合。另外，这些砂浆要求制备它们的人们在制备该粘结砂浆的过程中在混合和施加其时需有适当的精度。安装泡沫因从具有压缩组合物的罐中直接施加而众所周知。从专利申请PL376805中已知轻质粘结砂浆用于固定根据光湿法制造的隔热系统中的EPS板，其包括轻质矿物填料，优选为珍珠岩或有机填料，优选为呈直径为0.2～3mm的颗粒或小珠形式的发泡聚苯乙烯，优选量为20～70体积％。从专利PL192714已知一种安装泡沫，其基础材料包括35～60％的波特兰水泥、65％～35％的硅酸盐填料、2％～5％的分散粉末、0.2％～1％的改性剂和0.5％～3％的铝粉。已知由Selena制造的低压枪泡沫Tytan65，包含气体、表面活性剂、多元醇和催化剂。遗憾的是，这些泡沫仍具有太高的泡沫挠度，太低的位置可修正性、太低的表观密度以及无补偿粗糙表面的可能性。出乎意料地，上述问题已经通过本发明得到了解决。
发明内容
本发明的目的为提供一种安装泡沫，含有多元醇、异氰酸酯、增塑剂、表面活性剂、催化剂和气体，其特征在于，所述安装泡沫含有28重量％～40重量％的多元醇，更优选含有30重量％～35重量％的多元醇。还优选地，根据本发明所述的泡沫的特征在于其含有来自多元醇的群组的聚醚醇和聚酯；然而，优选存在23重量％～32重量％的聚醚醇和5重量％～8重量％的聚酯。优选地，使用羟基数不同且分子量为500～3700的至少三种聚醚醇：
A.羟基数为40～80mg KOH/g且分子量为3000～3700的聚醚醇；
B.羟基数为80～180mg KOH/g且分子量为800～1500的聚醚醇；
C.羟基数为180～280mg KOH/g且分子量为500～800的聚醚醇。
优选地，聚醚醇由10～20％的聚醚醇A、70～85％的聚醚醇B和5～10％的聚醚醇C构成。
更优选地，根据本发明所述的泡沫的特征在于，聚醚醇选自聚醚三醇的群组：丙氧基化甘油、官能度为3且分子量为500～3700的甘油类聚氧化烯三醇(glycerine-basedpolyoxyalkilenetriol)。在本发明的另一同样有利的实施方式中，根据本发明所述的泡沫的特征在于，聚酯选自来源于聚邻苯二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene phthalate)的芳香聚酯多元醇的群组。更优选地，根据本发明所述的泡沫的特征在于，异氰酸酯基团与羟基基团NCO:OH的比值为3.2至4.2，更优选为3.4至3.9。在本发明的另一种实施方式中，泡沫的特征在于表面活性剂选自有机改性的硅酮产品的群组，例如，聚醚改性的聚硅氧烷共聚物，例如Tegostab B 8871(Evonik)；聚醚改性的聚硅氧烷，例如Dabco SI3501(Air Products)；聚醚聚二甲基硅氧烷共聚物，例如Tegostab B 8526(Evonik)；聚醚硅氧烷，例如Tegostab B8951(Evonik)；硅氧烷聚氧化烯共聚物，例如Niax silicone L-6164(Momentive)；甲基硅氧烷聚氧化烯共聚物，例如Niax silicone L-5348(Momentive)；并且，表面活性剂在泡沫中的含量为1.5重量％～3重量％，更优选为1.8重量％～2.2重量％。根据本发明所述的泡沫含有5重量％～15重量％的增塑剂，更优选含有9重量％～11重量％的增塑剂。在本发明的另一种有利的实施方式中，泡沫的特征在于增塑剂选自包括具有14～17个碳原子的中链的氯化石蜡和氯化磷酸酯的群组，其中，C14～17氯化石蜡构成增塑剂的25％～35％，氯化磷酸酯构成增塑剂的65％～75％。在本发明的另一种有利的实施方式中，泡沫的特征在于其含有胺催化剂2,2-二吗啉基二乙基醚，含量为0.2％～1％，更优选为0.2％～0.7％。在本发明的另一种有利的实施方式中，泡沫的特征在于其含有15.5重量％～17.5重量％的气体。气体优选选自包括二甲醚和异丁烷的群组。
本发明的其他目的为提供一种权利要求1至8中任一项所限定的泡沫作为粘结剂的用途，压紧以固定ETICS系统中的EPS、XPS隔层以及用于将保温层固定到平面屋顶和地基上以及用于填充内部缝隙结构。
根据本发明所述的泡沫的特征在于具有12～20分钟的极高的可修正时间、极低的板挠度以及补偿粗糙表面的可能性。而且，其特征在于具有高表观密度和拉张性。
具体实施方式
根据本发明所述的泡沫的内含物已在下面给出。
泡沫制造方法由以下步骤构成：
-将权利要求1至6中列出的组分转移到容器中；
-在23+/-2℃的室温下，将多元醇、增塑剂、表面活性剂和催化剂的混合物在防湿紧闭的容器中混合15分钟；
-将多元醇、增塑剂、表面活性剂、催化剂和NCO基团的含量为29～31重量％的4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的混合物引入金属压力容器中；
-将二甲醚与异丁烷引入压力容器中，然后摇动直至多元醇、增塑剂、表面活性剂和催化剂的混合物与4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯完全混合。
获得聚氨酯泡沫的主要反应为含有游离羟基基团的多元醇与二异氰酸酯在添加发泡剂的情况下的反应。在压力下将泡沫以受控的方式从容器中通过喷嘴喷到施用部位。泡沫喷出成为带，该带逐渐膨胀，然后在大气湿度下硬化。
根据欧洲指南EOTA TR 46，应用FEICA批准的测试方法，在23+/-2℃的室温和50+/-5％RH的湿度下，进行参数、后发泡、表面黏性消失时间、可修正性、板挠度、表观密度和抗张性的检测。将泡沫施于XPS、EPS板上，并固定到由蜂窝混凝土制成的墙体上。在ZWICK材料阻尼试验机上，以10mm/min+/-1的速度测试抗张性。
所述泡沫可用于抹灰泥的表面和由砖、陶瓷块或蜂窝混凝土制成的裸露墙体上。其对于弯曲、波状和不规则的表面是理想的。其允许使高达15mm的不平坦性变得水平。

Claims (10)

1.一种安装泡沫，含有多元醇、异氰酸酯、增塑剂、表面活性剂、催化剂和气体，其特征在于，所述安装泡沫含有28重量％～40重量％的多元醇，更优选含有30重量％～35重量％的多元醇。
2.根据权利要求1所述的安装泡沫，其特征在于，所述安装泡沫含有来自多元醇的群组的聚醚醇和聚酯，其中，优选存在23重量％～32重量％的聚醚醇和5重量％～8重量％的聚酯。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的安装泡沫，其特征在于，所述安装泡沫含有羟基数不同且分子量为500～3700的三种聚醚醇，更优选其中第一种聚醚醇的羟基数为40～80mg KOH/g，分子量为3000～3700；其中第二种聚醚醇的羟基数为80～180mg KOH/g，分子量为800～1500；以及其中第三种聚醚醇的羟基数为180～280mg KOH/g，分子量为500～800。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的安装泡沫，其特征在于，所述表面活性剂选自包括聚醚改性的聚硅氧烷共聚物、聚醚改性的聚硅氧烷、聚醚聚二甲基硅氧烷共聚物、聚醚硅氧烷、硅氧烷聚氧化烯共聚物和甲基硅氧烷聚氧化烯共聚物的有机改性的硅酮产品的群组，并且，优选所述表面活性剂在所述安装泡沫中的含量为1.5重量％～3重量％，更优选为1.8重量％～2.2重量％。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的安装泡沫，其特征在于，所述安装泡沫含有5重量％～15重量％的增塑剂，更优选含有9重量％～11重量％的增塑剂，更优选所述增塑剂选自包括具有14～17个碳原子的中链的氯化石蜡和氯化磷酸酯的群组，其中，C14～17氯化石蜡构成所述增塑剂的25重量％～35重量％，氯化磷酸酯构成所述增塑剂的65重量％～75重量％。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的安装泡沫，其特征在于，所述胺催化剂的含量为0.2重量％～1重量％，更优选为0.2重量％～0.7重量％。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的安装泡沫，其特征在于，所述聚醚醇选自聚醚三醇的群组：丙氧基化甘油、官能度为3且分子量为500～3700的甘油类聚氧化烯三醇。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的安装泡沫，其特征在于，所述气体的含量为14重量％～18.5重量％，更优选为15.5重量％～17.5重量％；更优选所述气体选自包括二甲醚和异丁烷的群组。
9.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的安装泡沫，其特征在于，异氰酸酯基团与羟基基团NCO:OH的比值为3.2至4.2，更优选为3.4至3.9。
10.一种根据权利要求1至8中任一项所限定的安装泡沫作为粘结剂的用途，其特征在于，用于固定由ETICS系统中的EPS、XPS制成的隔层；用于将保温层固定到平面屋顶和地基上；以及用于填充内部缝隙结构。
CN201611044102.9A 2015-12-01 2016-11-24 安装泡沫及其作为粘结剂、制造涂层或填充内部缝隙结构的用途 Pending CN106810662A (zh)

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