CN106810374A - A kind of fertilizer formula for improving dragon fruit growth quality and its preparation method and application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilizer formula for improving the growth quality of dragon fruit and its preparation method and application, which is characterized in that it mainly consists of the following raw materials and their concentrations: urea 11.18g/kg, potassium nitrate 11.4g/kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.66 g/kg, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 475.25g/kg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 2.28g/kg, boric acid 144.14mg/kg, chelated iron 117.5mg/kg, copper sulfate pentahydrate 9.36mg/kg, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 3.36 mg/kg, manganese sulfate tetrahydrate 1.42mg/kg and ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate 0.13mg/kg, the solvent is water, and seaweed bio-fertilizer can also be included. The advantage is that it can be used as dragon fruit foliar fertilizer to advance flowering and fruit ripening time, improve the flowering and fruit setting rate, promote the accumulation of fruit sugar, optimize the quality of the fruit, and increase the volume, quality, sweetness and Vc content of dragon fruit.

Description

A fertilizer formula for improving the growth quality of dragon fruit and its preparation method and application

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular relates to a fertilizer formula for improving the growth quality of dragon fruit and its preparation method and application.

Background technique

Dragon fruit is a tropical fruit, native to tropical desert regions of Central America such as Brazil and Mexico, and later introduced to Taiwan from Southeast Asia, and then introduced to Hainan Province and mainland China after being improved by Taiwan. It is rich in nutrition and has the functions of beauty, diet and health care, and is deeply loved by the people in the mainland. However, due to its late start in commercialization and large-scale planting, there are still many problems. Due to the long harvesting period of dragon fruit, chemical fertilizers need to be applied in different periods to meet its growth needs. However, the variety of chemical fertilizers currently on the market is relatively single, which cannot provide comprehensive nutrients for pitaya. Applying different fertilizers at the same time will cause soil compaction, loss of nutrients, low absorption rate, increase labor costs, and cause pollution and waste.

Seaweed is a low-level photosynthetic nutrient plant that grows in the ocean and is the original producer of marine organic matter. In addition to the nutrients of land plants, it also contains alginic acid, mannitol, nutritional minerals, vitamins, hormones and Active substances such as antioxidants. The seaweed fertilizer made from it is rich in trace elements such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, and some plant hormones, such as indole acetic acid, betaine, cytokinin, and gibberellin. Scholars at home and abroad have found that seaweed fertilizer has the effect of improving seed germination, plant growth and yield, and stress resistance. In addition, studies have shown that seaweed bio-fertilizer can also improve plant flowering, fruit yield, quality, and fruit nutrient content and shelf life.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of dragon fruit foliar fertilizer application that can advance flowering period and fruit ripening time, improve flowering and fruit setting rate, promote fruit sugar accumulation, optimize fruit quality, and improve dragon fruit volume, quality, Pitaya sweetness, pitaya Vc content fertilizer formula for improving dragon fruit growth quality, preparation method and application thereof.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a fertilizer formula for improving the growth quality of pitaya, mainly consisting of the following raw materials and their concentrations: urea 11.18g/kg, potassium nitrate 11.4g/kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.66g/kg, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 475.25g/kg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 2.28g/kg, boric acid 144.14mg/kg, chelated iron 117.5mg/kg, copper sulfate pentahydrate 9.36mg/kg, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 3.36mg/kg, manganese sulfate tetrahydrate 1.42mg/kg and ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate 0.13mg/kg, solvent is water.

It also includes seaweed bio-fertilizer, the mass concentration of the seaweed bio-fertilizer in the fertilizer is 500 g/kg.

The seaweed bio-fertilizer is obtained by combining algae residue after extracting alginate and alginate by Feton system degradation technology and alginic acid degrading bacteria fermentation degradation technology. Since the seaweed bio-fertilizer used in the present invention contains natural active substances such as seaweed polysaccharide, auxin, betaine and indole acetic acid, it has the effect of improving crop growth and fruit quality, and this seaweed bio-fertilizer turns waste into treasure and is safe. No pollution, and the application method is simple, suitable for large-scale application.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned fertilizer formulation for improving dragon fruit growth quality, concrete steps are as follows:

(1) Dissolve urea, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate in 1kg of tap water;

(2) Add chelated iron, boric acid, manganese sulfate tetrahydrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate to the product of step (1);

(3) Fully dissolve and mix well to obtain the finished fertilizer, in which the concentration of each component in the finished fertilizer is urea 11.18g/kg, potassium nitrate 11.4g/kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.66g/kg, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 475.25g/kg kg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 2.28g/kg, boric acid 144.14mg/kg, chelated iron 117.5mg/kg, copper sulfate pentahydrate 9.36mg/kg, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 3.36mg/kg, manganese sulfate tetrahydrate 1.42mg/kg kg and ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate 0.13mg/kg.

It also includes seaweed bio-fertilizer, the mass concentration of the seaweed bio-fertilizer in the fertilizer is 500 g/kg.

The seaweed bio-fertilizer is obtained by combining algae residue after extracting alginate and alginate by Feton system degradation technology and alginic acid degrading bacteria fermentation degradation technology.

The fertilizer formula is diluted 1000-2000 times with irrigation water and then sprayed on the dragon fruit leaf surface as a dragon fruit leaf fertilizer. The spraying time is before the dragon fruit flowering period, and the spraying cycle is once a week until the dragon fruit blooms.

The fertilizer formula is diluted 1000-2000 times with irrigation water and then sprayed on the dragon fruit leaf surface as a dragon fruit leaf fertilizer. The spraying time is before the dragon fruit flowering period, and the spraying cycle is once a week until the dragon fruit blooms.

After the fertilizer formula is diluted 1500 times with irrigation water, it is sprayed on the dragon fruit foliage, and it is used as a dragon fruit foliar fertilizer. The spraying time is before the dragon fruit flowering period, and the spraying cycle is once a week until the dragon fruit blooms.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of: a fertilizer formula for improving the growth quality of dragon fruit and a preparation method thereof, through continuous optimization of the ratio, a formula suitable for the growth of dragon fruit and improving the quality of dragon fruit is obtained. The fertilizer is a water-soluble fertilizer, which can contain a variety of macroelements and trace elements required by crops, and has comprehensive nutrition, and its absorption and utilization rate is significantly higher than that of ordinary chemical fertilizers. The impurity content is low, which is convenient for the adjustment of the concentration in the actual application and avoids the phenomenon of burning seedlings. At the same time, as a foliar fertilizer, the fertilizer can be applied by drip irrigation during production, so that the fertilization can be uniform, and the integration of water and fertilizer can be realized at the same time, so as to save time and water. At the same time, it is also a quick-acting fertilizer, which allows growers to see the effect quickly and make adjustments according to the growth.

Further adding seaweed bio-fertilizer in the fertilizer formula further improves the pitaya volume, quality, pitaya sweetness, pitaya Vc content, and improves the content of phenylalanine lyase and superoxide dismutase in the pitaya, The antioxidant capacity of dragon fruit has also been significantly improved. Moreover, the application of the seaweed biological fertilizer is simple, and the operation is convenient and suitable for large-scale agricultural application.

In summary, the fertilizer formulation and preparation method for improving the growth quality of dragon fruit of the present invention can be used as a dragon fruit foliar fertilizer to advance the flowering period and fruit ripening time, improve the flowering and fruit setting rate, promote the accumulation of fruit sugar, and optimize the quality of the fruit , and the preparation is simple, the composition is stable, the absorption rate is high, the application is convenient, the cost is low, and the pollution is less.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the variation of dragon fruit volume with the concentration of the fertilizer formula of embodiment 1 or embodiment 3;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that dragon fruit quality changes with embodiment 1 or embodiment 3 fertilizer formula concentrations;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of changes in the content of pitaya soluble solids along with embodiment 1 or embodiment 3 fertilizer formula concentration;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the variation of dragon fruit volume with the concentration of the fertilizer formula of embodiment 2 or embodiment 4;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that dragon fruit quality changes with embodiment 2 or embodiment 4 fertilizer formula concentration;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of changes in the content of pitaya soluble solids along with embodiment 2 or embodiment 4 fertilizer formula concentration;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the variation of pitaya VC content with the fertilizer formula concentration of embodiment 2 or embodiment 4;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the variation of the content of pitaya phenylalanine lyase with the concentration of the fertilizer formula of embodiment 2 or embodiment 4;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the variation of the content of superoxide dismutase in dragon fruit with the concentration of the fertilizer formula in Example 2 or Example 4.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

1. Specific examples

Example 1

A fertilizer formula for improving the growth quality of dragon fruit, mainly composed of the following raw materials and their concentrations: urea 11.18g/kg, potassium nitrate 11.4g/kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.66g/kg, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 475.25g/kg , magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 2.28g/kg, boric acid 144.14mg/kg, chelated iron 117.5mg/kg, copper sulfate pentahydrate 9.36mg/kg, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 3.36mg/kg, manganese sulfate tetrahydrate 1.42mg/kg and ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate 0.13mg/kg, the solvent is water.

Example 2

With the above-mentioned embodiment 1, its difference is: also include seaweed bio-fertilizer, the mass concentration of seaweed bio-fertilizer in fertilizer is 500 g/kg. The seaweed bio-fertilizer is provided by the Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, School of Oceanography, Ningbo University. It is produced by combining the algae residue after extracting alginate and alginate with the Feton system degradation technology and the fermentation and degradation technology of alginic acid-degrading bacteria. Because the seaweed biological fertilizer used in the present invention contains natural active substances such as seaweed polysaccharide, auxin, betaine and indole acetic acid, it has the effect of improving crop growth and fruit quality. The seaweed biological fertilizer turns waste into treasure, is safe and pollution-free, has a simple application method, and is suitable for large-scale application.

Example 3

A kind of preparation method of the fertilizer formula that improves dragon fruit growth quality, concrete steps are as follows:

(1) Dissolve urea, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate in 1kg of tap water;

(2) Add chelated iron, boric acid, manganese sulfate tetrahydrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate to the product of step (1);

(3) Fully dissolve and mix well to obtain the finished fertilizer, in which the concentration of each component in the finished fertilizer is urea 11.18g/kg, potassium nitrate 11.4g/kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.66g/kg, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 475.25g/kg kg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 2.28g/kg, boric acid 144.14mg/kg, chelated iron 117.5mg/kg, copper sulfate pentahydrate 9.36mg/kg, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 3.36mg/kg, manganese sulfate tetrahydrate 1.42mg/kg kg and ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate 0.13mg/kg.

Example 4

With the above-mentioned embodiment 3, the difference is that: seaweed bio-fertilizer is also included, and the mass concentration of seaweed bio-fertilizer in the fertilizer is 500g/kg. The seaweed bio-fertilizer is provided by the Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, School of Oceanography, Ningbo University. It is produced by combining the algae residue after extracting alginate and alginate with the Feton system degradation technology and the fermentation and degradation technology of alginic acid-degrading bacteria. Because the seaweed biological fertilizer used in the present invention contains natural active substances such as seaweed polysaccharide, auxin, betaine and indole acetic acid, it has the effect of improving crop growth and fruit quality.

2. Application examples

Example 1

The fertilizer that above-mentioned embodiment 1 or embodiment 3 is made is diluted 500 times, 1000 times, 1500 times, 2000 times, 2500 times respectively with irrigation water, sprays on dragon fruit leaf surface as foliar fertilizer, once a week, until Pitaya blooms. In addition, spraying existing Kepke seaweed fertilizer and Jiejing seaweed fertilizer on the market and spraying irrigation water are compared with the fertilizer formula of the present invention. Volume and quality statistics of dragon fruit: after picking dragon fruit, measure its volume with drainage method, and measure its mass with electronic balance. Determination of soluble solid content of dragon fruit: use a refractometer to measure the soluble solid content of dragon fruit obtained under fertilization conditions of various concentrations, and measure three parallels for each group.

As can be seen from Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the prepared fertilizer is diluted to 1000 times in proportion and sprayed on the dragon fruit leaf surface once a week until the dragon fruit blooms. After the dragon fruit fruit is ripe, its average volume is measured to be 390cm ³ (the volume of the contrast dragon fruit is 280cm ³ ), which is 1.39 times higher than that of the control; its average mass is measured to be 310g (218g for the control), compared with The control is 1.42 times higher; the measured soluble solid content of the fruit is 9.63, which is 1.29 times higher than the control. Explain that under the 1000-fold dilution situation, the fertilizer of the present invention greatly promotes the growth of pitaya, increases the sweetness of pitaya, and improves the quality of pitaya. Similarly, the prepared fertilizer is diluted in proportion to 2500 times and sprayed on the dragon fruit leaf surface once a week until the dragon fruit blooms. After the pitaya fruit is ripe, its average volume size is measured to be 281cm ³ , which is close to the contrast 280cm ^; its average mass is measured to be 221.5g, compared to 218g, which is 1.016 times higher; the measured soluble solids content of the fruit is 6.88, the control is 7.47, lower than the control. Explain that under the 2500-fold dilution situation, the fertilizer of the present invention has a weak growth-promoting effect on dragon fruit, and the soluble solids content declines to some extent, showing that this concentration effect is relatively poor. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of Figures 1-3 shows that the fertilizer formula is diluted 1000-2000 times with irrigation water and then sprayed on the dragon fruit foliage, as a dragon fruit foliar fertilizer, which can effectively increase the volume, quality and soluble solids of the dragon fruit. substance content.

Example 2

The fertilizer that above-mentioned embodiment 2 or embodiment 4 is made is diluted 500 times, 1000 times, 1500 times, 2000 times, 2500 times respectively with irrigation water, sprays on dragon fruit leaf surface as foliar fertilizer, once a week, until Dragon fruit blossoms. In addition, spraying the commercially available Kepke seaweed fertilizer and Jiejing seaweed fertilizer and spraying irrigation water are compared with the seaweed bio-fertilizer of the present invention. After picking dragon fruit, its volume is measured by drainage method, and its mass is measured by electronic balance. Determination of soluble solid content of dragon fruit: use a refractometer to measure the soluble solid content of dragon fruit obtained under fertilization conditions of various concentrations, and measure three parallels for each group. Determination of Vc content in pitaya: refer to the kit method to determine the Vc content of pitaya at each fertilization concentration, and each group has three parallels; determination of phenylalanine lyase (PAL) content: refer to the kit method to determine the PAL of pitaya at each fertilization concentration Content, three parallels for each group; determination of superoxide dismutase content: refer to the kit method to measure the SOD content of dragon fruit at each fertilization concentration, three parallels for each group.

As can be seen from Fig. 4-Fig. 9, the fertilizer formula containing seaweed bio-fertilizer diluted 1000 times is sprayed on the dragon fruit leaf surface once a week until the dragon fruit blooms. After the pitaya fruit is ripe, its average volume measured is 442cm ³ , which is 1.13 times of the fertilizer formula; its average mass measured is 345g, which is 1.11 times of the fertilizer formula; the soluble solid content of the fruit is measured with a refractometer, The result is 12.56, which is 1.30 times of the fertilizer formula. Its Vc content that records is 71.37 μ g/ml, is 1.28 times of contrast, illustrates under the situation of 1000 times of dilutions, and seaweed bio-fertilizer of the present invention has greatly improved the growth and quality of dragon fruit. Spray the seaweed bio-fertilizer diluted 2500 times on the dragon fruit leaf, once a week until the dragon fruit blooms. After the dragon fruit fruit is ripe, its average volume is 305cm ³ , which is 1.09 times of the fertilizer formula; its average mass is 265g, which is 1.20 times of the fertilizer formula; the soluble solid content of the fruit is measured with a refractometer , the result is 9.48, which is 1.38 times of the fertilizer formula; its Vc content is 47.51 μg/ml, obviously lower than that of the contrast, which shows that under the 2500-fold dilution situation, the seaweed bio-fertilizer of the present invention affects the growth and quality of dragon fruit have obvious effects. In the case of 1500-fold dilution, the phenylalanine lyase increased by 73% compared with the control group, and the superoxide dismutase content increased by 28% compared with the control group. Therefore, comprehensive analysis of Fig. 4-Fig. 9 shows that the fertilizer formula containing seaweed biofertilizer is diluted 1000-2000 times with irrigation water and then sprayed on the pitaya foliage as a pitaya foliar fertilizer, which can effectively increase the volume of the pitaya , quality, soluble solids and VC content; in the case of 1500-fold dilution, the content of phenylalanine lyase and superoxide dismutase was significantly improved.

The above description does not limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the essential scope of the present invention shall also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A fertilizer formula for improving dragon fruit growth quality is characterized in that it is mainly composed of following raw materials and concentrations thereof: urea 11.18g/kg, potassium nitrate 11.4g/kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.66g/kg, nitric acid tetrahydrate Calcium 475.25g/kg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 2.28g/kg, boric acid 144.14mg/kg, chelated iron 117.5mg/kg, copper sulfate pentahydrate 9.36mg/kg, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 3.36mg/kg, sulfuric acid tetrahydrate Manganese 1.42mg/kg and ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate 0.13mg/kg, the solvent is water. 2. A kind of fertilizer formula improving dragon fruit growth quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise seaweed bio-fertilizer, the mass concentration of described seaweed bio-fertilizer in fertilizer is 500 g/kg. 3. A kind of fertilizer formula improving dragon fruit growth quality according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described seaweed bio-fertilizer is that the algae residue after extracting alginate and alginate uses Feton system degradation technology and alginic acid degradation It is jointly produced by bacterial fermentation and degradation technology. 4. a preparation method for improving the fertilizer formula of dragon fruit growth quality according to claim 1, is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows: (1) Dissolve urea, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate in 1kg of tap water; (2) Add chelated iron, boric acid, manganese sulfate tetrahydrate, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, copper sulfate pentahydrate, ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate to the product of step (1); (3) Fully dissolve and mix well to obtain the finished fertilizer, in which the concentration of each component in the finished fertilizer is urea 11.18g/kg, potassium nitrate 11.4g/kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.66g/kg, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 475.25g/kg kg, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 2.28g/kg, boric acid 144.14mg/kg, chelated iron 117.5mg/kg, copper sulfate pentahydrate 9.36mg/kg, zinc sulfate heptahydrate 3.36mg/kg, manganese sulfate tetrahydrate 1.42mg/kg kg and ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate 0.13mg/kg. 5. a kind of preparation method of the fertilizer formula that improves dragon fruit growth quality according to claim 4 is characterized in that: also comprise seaweed biological fertilizer, the mass concentration of described seaweed biological fertilizer in fertilizer is 500 g/kg . 6. the preparation method of a kind of fertilizer formula that improves pitaya growth quality according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described seaweed biological fertilizer is the algae residue after extracting alginate and alginate with Feton system degradation technology and It is produced through the joint fermentation and degradation technology of alginic acid degrading bacteria. 7. a kind of application of the fertilizer formula that improves dragon fruit growth quality described in claim 1 is characterized in that: fertilizer formula is sprayed on dragon fruit leaf surface after being diluted 1000-2000 times with irrigation water, as dragon fruit leaf surface fertilizer Application, the spraying time is before the dragon fruit flowering period, and the spraying cycle is once a week until the dragon fruit blooms. 8. The application of a fertilizer formula for improving the dragon fruit growth quality described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the fertilizer formula is diluted 1000-2000 times with irrigation water and sprayed on the dragon fruit leaf surface, as the dragon fruit leaf The surface fertilizer is applied, and the spraying time is before the dragon fruit flowering period, and the spraying cycle is once a week until the dragon fruit blooms. 9. The application of a fertilizer formula for improving dragon fruit growth quality described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the fertilizer formula is diluted 1500 times with irrigation water and sprayed on the dragon fruit leaf surface, as the dragon fruit leaf surface fertilizer Application, the spraying time is before the dragon fruit flowering period, and the spraying cycle is once a week until the dragon fruit blooms.