CN106818011B - Multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator. It includes a water pipe, a fertilizer container, a fertilizer water drainage pipe and a branch pipe; the fertilizer water drainage pipe is arranged in the fertilizer container and extends outward to communicate with the water pipe, the fertilizer water drainage pipe has a through hole connected with the fertilizer container, the water pipe has an inlet Water port and water outlet, the upper end of the fertilizer container has a fertilizer port that can be opened and closed, the end of the water pipe close to the water inlet communicates with the lower end of the branch pipe through the water supply port, the upper end of the branch pipe communicates with the fertilizer container, and the water outlet of the water pipe is connected to the The irrigation pipe section is extended outside; when fertilizing, the fertilizer container can replenish water from the water inlet through the branch pipe. The present invention can directly adopt the soluble solid fertilizer to carry out integrated irrigation and fertilization of fertilizer and water, and the fertilization is fast, stable and efficient, and the structure is simple and easy to operate.

Description

Multifunctional Slow Release Fertilizer

technical field

The invention relates to a watering system for applying fertilizers, in particular to a multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator.

Background technique

Looking at today's irrigation field, the irrigation water utilization coefficient of micro-irrigation can reach more than 90%. Therefore, micro-irrigation technology has developed rapidly in my country since the "Ninth Five-Year Plan". To implement the No. 1 Central Document and the spirit of the Central Water Conservancy Work Conference in 2011, the national planning and development of water-saving irrigation projects covers an area of about 195 million mu, including 48.16 million mu of micro-irrigation. A new round of upsurge in vigorously developing water-saving irrigation nationwide has emerged . Modern micro-irrigation technology can realize the integrated operation of irrigation and fertilization, so it is necessary to inject fertilizer into the pressure pipeline of the irrigation system. Some of these devices have huge facilities, inconvenient operation, and serious waste; some are not easy to adjust, and fertilization is uneven, and it is difficult to adapt to the requirements of water-saving irrigation systems for integrated management of diversified fertilizers and water.

The Venturi fertilizer applicator is composed of a shrink tube, an extension tube, a throat, and a fertilizer suction tube. Connect and install the Venturi fertilizer applicator with the micro-irrigation water supply system. When using it, adjust the valve so that the water pressure forms a certain pressure difference between the front and back of the valve. When the water flow in the throat of the inner pipe passes through the narrow part, the flow velocity increases. When the water flow velocity of the throat diameter reaches a certain level, the water flow in the constricted mouth and the expanded mouth forms a negative pressure. The fertilizer is sucked in through the small tube. Due to its simple structure and no moving parts, the Venturi fertilizer applicator is widely used in small-scale micro-irrigation systems such as solar greenhouses and arched greenhouses. , making the operation inconvenient, and there are disadvantages such as large pressure loss, high critical working pressure difference, easy fluctuation of fertilizer suction flow rate with working pressure, difficulty in controlling fertilizer concentration, etc., and it is also difficult to adapt to micro irrigation such as drip irrigation, seepage irrigation and micro spraying The system requires integrated fertilizer and water fertilization concentration control and small, diversified and convenient operation.

In order to solve the above problems, the applicant invented an annular canned slow-release fertilizer applicator (Chinese utility model patent specification CN203301985U). Please refer to Fig. 1, it includes a water pipe D3, the water pipe D3 has a water inlet D1 and a water outlet D6, the end of the water pipe D3 near the water inlet D1 is connected with an inverted L-shaped branch pipe D2, and the end of the water pipe D3 near the water outlet D6 The fertilizer liquid pipe D4 is connected, and the branch pipe D2 is connected with the upper end of the fertilizer liquid pipe D4, and forms a ring structure with the water pipe D3 and is relatively closed. As an example, the diameter of the water pipe D3 is 32 mm, the diameter of the branch pipe D2 is 20 mm, and the diameter of a thicker section of the fertilizer liquid pipe (forming a canned round pipe for storing fertilizer liquid) in the middle of the fertilizer liquid pipe D4 is 63mm. The annular canned slow-release fertilizer applicator also has the following structure: the water outlet D6 of the water pipe D3 extends outwards out of the irrigation pipe section D8, and the irrigation pipe section D8 is provided with water outlet holes of several drippers D81 (also can be sprinklers), and The tail end D82 of the irrigation pipe section D8 is closed (the switch can also be set); the top of the fertilizer liquid pipe D4 is located above the connection between the branch pipe D2 and the fertilizer liquid pipe D4, has a fertilizer port D5, and is equipped with a fertilizer port switch D51; the lower end of the branch pipe D2 has a drain port D22 and a drain port switch D23.

The operation steps of the annular tank type slow-release fertilizer applicator are as follows:

1. Close the water source entering the water pipe D3, open the drain switch D23, open the fertilizer port switch D51, and drain the water higher than the drain switch D23 in the fertilizer liquid pipe D4 and branch pipe D2.

2. Turn off the drain switch D23, add fertilizer liquid from the fertilizer port D5 to the fertilizer liquid pipe D4, and turn off the fertilizer port switch D51.

3. Turn on the water source so that water flows into the water pipe D3 from the water inlet D1 and flows into the irrigation pipe section D8 through the water outlet D6. The water flow will gradually and slowly take away the fertilizer liquid in the fertilizer liquid pipe D4. When the amount of water flowing out of the irrigation pipe section D8 is less than the amount of water flowing into the water pipe D3 from the water inlet D1, while the water flow generates upward pressure from the bottom of the fertilizer liquid pipe D4, it will also generate a reverse direction from the top of the fertilizer liquid pipe D4 through the branch pipe D2 pressure, so that the pressure at both ends of the fertilizer liquid pipe D4 is in a relatively balanced state, so that the fertilizer liquid in the fertilizer liquid pipe D4 gradually and slowly enters the water pipe D3 and enters the irrigation pipe section D8 through molecular diffusion. Controlling the concentration of the fertilizer solution in the water can also ensure that the concentration of the liquid entering the water pipe D3 and the irrigation pipe section D8 from the fertilizer solution pipe D4 is relatively uniform, so as to ensure the slow release, uniformity and high efficiency of fertilization.

In other applications, the drain and the switch of the drain can also be arranged at the lower end of the fertilizer liquid pipe; the lower end of the fertilizer liquid pipe can also be provided with a shut-off valve near the water pipe, and the shut-off valve is preferably located below the drain (if there is a drain ), the function is to close the shut-off valve when adding fertilizer from the fertilizer port of the fertilizer liquid pipe, especially when adding solid fertilizer, so as to prevent the fertilizer from sinking into the water pipe, so as to ensure the uniformity of irrigation and fertilization.

Although the above-mentioned existing annular tank type slow-release fertilizer applicator has the above-mentioned characteristics, there are still some problems in actual use:

1. In actual use, it is found that after the fertilizer liquid is added to the fertilizer liquid pipe D4, since the pressure at both ends of the fertilizer liquid pipe D4 of the device is in a relatively balanced state, the fertilizer liquid in the fertilizer liquid pipe D4 is gradually diffused through molecular diffusion. Slowly enter the water pipe D3 and enter the irrigation pipe section D8, so the amount of fertilizer output is very small, and the concentration of fertilization is too low, making it difficult to apply enough fertilizer within the determined irrigation time.

2. The device is only suitable for applying fertilizer liquid, that is, adding pre-dissolved and prepared fertilizer liquid into the fertilizer liquid pipe D4, and is not suitable for using soluble solid fertilizer. The main reasons are:

Since the fertilizer liquid pipe D4 of this device is directly connected with the water pipe D3 up and down, the connecting surface is usually relatively large (otherwise the concentration of the liquid fertilizer is too low), when the solid fertilizer is added to the fertilizer liquid pipe D4, it will directly fall into the water pipe In the process, even if it is dissolved during the water pipe transportation, the concentration of the fertilizer solution is often high or there are still a lot of solid fertilizers that have not been dissolved. The preset fertilization effect cannot be achieved.

(3, because dissolvable solid fertilizer cannot be applied, and the volume of the fertilizer liquid pipe is relatively small, therefore, if sufficient fertilization rate is to be guaranteed, in the fertilizer liquid pipe of this existing device, it is necessary to frequently add fertilizer liquid ,kind of hard.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-functional slow-release fertilizer applicator, which mainly solves the technical problems of the above-mentioned prior art. It can directly use soluble solid fertilizers for fertilizer-water integrated irrigation and fertilization, and the fertilization is fast, stable and efficient. And the structure is simple and easy to operate.

For realizing the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:

A multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator, which includes a water pipe, a fertilizer container, a fertilizer water drainage pipe and a branch pipe; it is characterized in that: the fertilizer water drainage pipe is arranged in the fertilizer container and extends outward to communicate with the water pipe, and the fertilizer water drainage pipe is It has a through hole connected to the fertilizer container. The water pipe has a water inlet and a water outlet. The fertilizer container has a fertilizer port that can be opened and closed. The end of the water pipe close to the water inlet communicates with the lower end of the branch pipe through the water supply port. It communicates with the fertilizer container, and the water outlet of the water pipe extends outwards out of the irrigation pipe segment; when fertilizing, the fertilizer container can replenish water from the water inlet through the branch pipe.

The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator is characterized in that: the water pipe has a spout between the water supply port and the water outlet, and the fertilizer water drainage pipe is connected with the water pipe between the spout and the water outlet.

The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator is characterized in that: the upper end of the fertilizer container is provided with an exhaust port connected with an exhaust valve.

The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator is characterized in that: the exhaust valve is a floating ball exhaust valve.

The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator is characterized in that: the water pipe has a climbing pipe section connected to the water pipe near the water inlet.

The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator is characterized in that: the fertilizer port of the fertilizer container has a fertilizer port switch, and the fertilizer switch is a ball valve structure or a cap screw structure.

The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator is characterized in that: the water pipe includes a main pipe directly connected to the water inlet and the water outlet, the main pipe has a first pot, and the first pot is arranged between the water supply port and the water outlet Between the main pipe, a branch pipe is connected in parallel with the main pipe. The inlet and outlet of the branch pipe communicate with the main pipe and are located on both sides of the first pot mouth. The branch pipe has a second pot mouth. connected at the end.

The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator is characterized in that: the irrigation pipe section is also connected to a straight water pipe, and the straight water pipe is connected in parallel with the water pipe; the straight water pipe has a first electric valve, and the water inlet is provided with a second electric valve. A third electric valve is set at the water outlet, and a fourth electric valve for water discharge is set on the bypass pipe of the extended section of the fertilizer water drainage pipe, and the above valves are all controlled by the controller.

Further, a normally closed valve that can be opened with a delay is set at the water outlet, and the above valves are all controlled by a controller.

The present invention has the following advantages:

1. When the present invention is used, it can be applied to the addition, dissolution and application of soluble solid fertilizers, and more fertilizers can be added at one time in a fertilizer container with a smaller volume, which solves the problem that the amount of fertilizer liquid added is relatively limited. Convenient, fast, uniform and efficient.

2. The present invention not only solves the problem of rapid and direct application of soluble solid fertilizers by adopting methods such as branch pipe water replenishment and fertilizer water drainage, but also makes the concentration of fertilization meet the needs of most plants for field fertilization, and at the same time ensures the timeliness and stability of fertilization and evenness.

3. In addition to being applicable to soluble solid fertilizers, the present invention can still be applied to liquid fertilizers, and the efficiency of fertilization is greatly improved compared with the existing technology. .

4. The device of the present invention is simple in structure and easy to operate, especially multi-functional automatic control operation of irrigation and fertilization in conjunction with straight-through water pipes.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an existing annular tank type slow-release fertilizer applicator.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Please refer to Fig. 2, which is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of a multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator of the present invention. As shown in the figure: it includes a water pipe with a water inlet 1 and a water outlet 6, a fertilizer container 9 is arranged above the water pipe, and an openable and closable fertilizer port 16 is provided at the upper end of the fertilizer container 9, and the water pipe is close to the water inlet. One end of 1 communicates with the lower end of the branch pipe 12 through the water supply port 2, and the upper end of the branch pipe 12 communicates with the fertilizer container 9 (preferably communicates with the upper end of the fertilizer container 9). Water outlet holes of several drippers (or sprinklers) are provided, and the tail end of the irrigation pipe section is closed (a switch can also be set). The characteristics of this embodiment are: there is a fertilizer water drainage pipe 10 in the fertilizer container 9, and the fertilizer water drainage pipe 10 extends from the fertilizer container 9 and the lower end is communicated with the water pipe, and the fertilizer water drainage pipe 10 in the fertilizer container 9 It has through holes 8,11. Preferably, through holes 8,11 are set on the wall of the fertilizer water drainage pipe 10, and the fertilizer water drainage pipe 10 can be closed at the upper end; more preferably, the through holes 8,11 are respectively arranged at different heights and Directionally, for example, it can be set around in a spiral. In the present embodiment 1, on the pipe wall of the fertilizer water drainage pipe 10 near the bottom position of the fertilizer container 9, several 4-6mm fertilizers are respectively arranged in different directions in the different directions of the upper end position of the fertilizer water drainage pipe 10 in a spiral manner and in the direction of the upper end of the fertilizer water drainage pipe 10. Small holes (setting small holes on the pipe wall can avoid too much solid fertilizer directly entering the fertilizer water drainage pipe 10, and can control the concentration and uniformity of fertilization by setting different numbers of small holes in different positions and directions ). During fertilization, the soluble solid fertilizer is added in the fertilizer container 9 from the fertilizer port 16, (for the convenience of fertilization, a quick drain valve can be set at the lower end of the fertilizer container 9 or the lower end of the fertilizer water drainage pipe 10 or on the water pipe , to quickly drain off the liquid retained in the fertilizer container 9 before fertilization), open the water inlet 1, and the water flow can enter the fertilizer container 9 through the branch pipe 12 (the water flow can also pass through the fertilizer water drainage pipe 10 and the through hole when the water outlet 6 is closed. 8, 11 enter the fertilizer container 9), open the water outlet 6, and enter the normal fertilization, the fertilizer container 9 gets water from the water inlet 1 through the branch pipe 12, the solid fertilizer in the fertilizer container 9 is continuously dissolved to form a fertilizer liquid, and the fertilizer liquid passes through the fertilizer water The through holes 8 and 11 of the drainage pipe 10 enter the fertilizer and water drainage pipe 10 and enter the water pipe, and then are transported to the irrigation pipe section together with the water supply system for dispensing (there may be a little solid fertilizer in the fertilizer solution, which will gradually dissolve with the water flow). Of course, this embodiment is still applicable to adding fertilizer liquid, but the amount of fertilization each time will be much less than directly adding solid fertilizer.

In order to ensure the stability of fertilization, the present embodiment also adopts the following structure:

The water pipe includes a main pipe directly connected to the water inlet 1, the water replenishment port 2 and the water outlet 6. There is a first pot 4 between the water replenishment port and the water outlet on the main pipe, and the first pot 4 is arranged between the water replenishment port and the water outlet. Between the water outlets, a branch pipe is connected in parallel on the main pipe. The inlet 3 and outlet 5 of the branch pipe communicate with the main pipe and are located on both sides of the first pot mouth 4. The branch pipe has a second pot mouth 7. The lower end of the fertilizer water drainage pipe 10 It is connected with the water outlet near the second kettle mouth 7 on the branch pipe. Wherein: the second pot mouth 7 on the branch pipe helps to form a Venturi effect similar to the lower end of the fertilizer and water drainage pipe 10, ensuring that the fertilizer liquid in the fertilizer and water drainage pipe 10 is continuously and stably output. The first kettle mouth 4 on the main pipe can guarantee the supplementary water to branch pipe 12.

In the present invention, the fertilizer container 9 is usually a container that can be closed and withstand water pressure (equivalent to the fertilizer liquid pipe D4 in the prior art). In this embodiment, the fertilizer container 9 can replenish water from the water inlet 1 through the branch pipe 12 The structure is:

(a) The upper end of the fertilizer container 9 is provided with an exhaust port 13 connected to an exhaust valve 15 (such as a float exhaust valve), so as to prevent air from accumulating in the fertilizer container 9 and affecting water replenishment.

(b) The water pipe has a climbing pipe section 17 connected to the water pipe near the water inlet 1. Only when the water at the water inlet 1 reaches a certain amount can it enter the water pipe to ensure the water flow in the water pipe.

(C) There is a first pot 4 between the water supply port and the water outlet on the main pipe, and a second pot 7 on the branch pipe to ensure sufficient water flow into the branch pipe.

In this embodiment, the fertilization port 16 of the fertilizer container 9 has a fertilization port switch 14, and the fertilization switch 14 is a ball valve structure (in other embodiments, other opening and closing structures such as twisted caps can also be used). Open when solid fertilizer or fertilizer liquid needs to be added, and close after adding, so that the branch pipe 12 and the fertilizer container 9 form an annular structure with the water pipe through the fertilizer water drainage pipe 10 and are relatively closed.

Please refer to FIG. 3 again, which is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure: in addition to the structure of Embodiment 1, this example also has a straight-through water pipe 18 connected to the irrigation pipe section, and the straight-through water pipe 18 is connected in parallel with the water-through pipe; the straight-through water pipe 18 has an electric valve V1. An electric valve V2 is set at the water inlet 1, an electric valve V3 is set at the water outlet 6, and an electric valve V4 for draining water is set on the bypass pipe connected with the extension of the fertilizer water drainage pipe 10 (for use before fertilization). discharge the liquid in the fertilizer container 9), and the above-mentioned valves are all controlled by the controller C. The control of the electric valve by the controller C can be set in various ways according to the needs, and each electric valve can be controlled individually, or it can be connected, reversed, and delayed. This will not be repeated here.

When normal irrigation is performed without fertilization, the controller C controls to open the electric valve V1, and the water flows through the straight-through water pipe 18 and the irrigation pipe section to water and irrigate the plants. When fertilization is needed, controller C controls V4 to be opened earlier to let out the liquid in the fertilizer container 9, so as to facilitate fertilization from the fertilizer port 16 to the fertilizer container 9. After fertilization is completed and the fertilizer port 16 is closed, Before or at the same time as V2 is opened, V1 and V4 must be closed to prevent the water from flowing directly from the straight water pipe 18 and V4. V3 can be opened at the same time as V2, but preferably, it is opened slightly later than V2, which can make the water flow faster Fill the fertilizer container 9 and then carry out integrated fertilization of fertilizer and water to the plants through the V3 and the irrigation pipe section. Also, please refer to Fig. 4, which is Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Compared with embodiment 1, its difference mainly is that the water pipe only has a main pipe with a kettle mouth and no branch pipe. Embodiment 3 is also applicable to the use of solid fertilizer, but the control of fertilization concentration is worse than embodiment 1. Of course, compared with the prior art, it still has great progress, and will not be repeated here.

As a variation example of the present invention, the spout of the water pipe between the water supply port and the water outlet can also use a switch structure that can control the passage of water.

In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation scope of the present invention. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the content of the patent scope of the present invention shall be within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator, which includes a water pipe, a fertilizer container (9), a fertilizer water drainage pipe (10) and a branch pipe (12); it is characterized in that: the fertilizer water drainage pipe (10) is arranged in the fertilizer container ( 9) It extends inside and out to communicate with the water pipe. The fertilizer water drainage pipe (10) has through holes (8, 11) connected to the fertilizer container (9). The water pipe has a water inlet (1) and a water outlet (6 ), the fertilizer container (9) has a fertilizer port (16) that can be opened and closed, and the end of the water pipe close to the water inlet (1) communicates with the lower end of the branch pipe (12) through the water supply port (2), and the branch pipe (12 ) is communicated with the fertilizer container (9), and the water outlet (6) of the water pipe extends outwards out of the irrigation pipe section; when fertilizing, the fertilizer container (9) can replenish water from the water inlet (1) through the branch pipe (12). 2. The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water pipe has a spout between the water supply port and the water outlet, and the fertilizer water drainage pipe (10) and the spout and the water outlet The water pipes are connected. 3. The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end of the fertilizer container (9) is provided with an exhaust port (13) connected to an exhaust valve (15). 4. The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator according to claim 3, characterized in that: the exhaust valve (15) is a floating ball exhaust valve. 5. The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water pipe has a climbing pipe section (17) connected to the water pipe near the water inlet (1). 6. The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fertilizer port (16) of the fertilizer container (9) has a fertilizer port switch (14), and the fertilizer switch (14) It is a ball valve structure or a screw cap structure. 7. The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6, characterized in that: the water pipe includes a main pipe directly connected to the water inlet (1) and the water outlet (6) , the main pipe has a first pot mouth (4), the first pot mouth is set between the water supply port and the water outlet, a branch pipe is connected in parallel to the main pipe, and the inlet (3) and outlet (5) of the branch pipe communicate with the main pipe And it is located on both sides of the first kettle mouth (4), the branch pipe has a second kettle mouth (7), and the fertilizer water drainage pipe (10) communicates with the water outlet near the second kettle mouth (7) on the branch pipe. 8. The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6, characterized in that: the irrigation pipe section is also connected to a straight water pipe (18), and the straight water pipe (18) is connected to the water pipe The water pipes are connected in parallel; the straight-through water pipe (18) has a first electric valve (V1), the water inlet (1) is provided with a second electric valve (V2), and the water outlet (6) is provided with a third electric valve (V3) A fourth electric valve (V4) for water discharge is set on the bypass pipe connected with the extension of the fertilizer water drainage pipe (10), and the above-mentioned valves are all controlled by the controller (C). 9. The multifunctional slow-release fertilizer applicator according to claim 7, characterized in that: the irrigation pipe section is also connected to a straight water pipe (18), and the straight water pipe (18) is connected in parallel with the water pipe; the straight water pipe (18) is There is a first electric valve (V1), a second electric valve (V2) is set at the water inlet (1), a third electric valve (V3) is set at the water outlet (6), and the fertilizer water drainage pipe (10) is extended A fourth electric valve (V4) for draining water is set on the bypass pipe connected with each other, and the above valves are all controlled by the controller (C).