CN106814398B - A kind of shallow overburden Seam Mining unconsolidated formation infiltration rate variation measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of detection of permeability change, and relates to a method for measuring the change of infiltration rate of loose layers in mining of shallow buried deep coal seams. Then inflate the pipeline of the loading pusher so that the probe touches the loose layer and start to collect data. The data is collected using a multifunctional IP instrument, and the measurement method uses a three-pole observation system; after the detection of this measurement section, the unloading pusher The pipeline is inflated to retract the probe into the casing, and the above process is repeated until the entire measurement is completed; the process is simple, the operation is convenient, the design is reasonable, light and easy to carry, and the detection results are stable and accurate.

Description

A method for measuring the variation of infiltration rate in shallow buried deep coal seam mining loose layer

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of permeability change detection, and relates to a technique for detecting permeability change of loose layers in overburden strata before and after coal seam mining under the influence of mining, in particular to a change in infiltration rate of loose layers in shallow buried deep coal seams after mining Measurement methods.

Background technique

China's coal economic situation has been in a downturn since 2012. At present, the coal price has been lower than the coal production cost in some areas, especially the traditional coal production area - North China coal field. There are many unsafe factors encountered in the process, such as water damage, gas disaster, roof disaster and so on. Due to the relatively simple geological conditions of coal seams in Northwest China, the cost of coal mining is relatively low, and the risk of unsafe factors involved in the process of coal mining is relatively low. Therefore, Northwest China has become the most important base of coal energy in my country. Since the coal seams of the Northwest Coalfield Energy Base are mainly Jurassic coal seams with relatively shallow buried depths, the main issues involved in the mining process of the coal seams are water damage prevention and protection of Quaternary aquifers. Among them, the water damage of Quaternary loose aquifer has become the main water control problem that threatens coal seam mining, and the water conservation coal mining in arid areas has become the top priority of ecological environment protection in Northwest China.

At present, the prevention and control of unconsolidated layer water damage mainly involves two aspects, one is the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation, which serves as the replenishment of aquifer water; the other is the deformation, movement and re-stabilization of Quaternary strata after coal seam mining. changes in permeability. Both of these involve the aforementioned problems of water prevention and water conservation in coal mining. For the study of atmospheric precipitation infiltration, it can provide key parameters for the prediction of mine water inflow, and at the same time, it can also obtain the hydrogeological parameters of the Quaternary aquifer, which can be used to evaluate the water-richness of the Quaternary aquifer, etc.; The problem of water-retaining coal mining in Quaternary aquifers, through continuous detection of changes in the permeability of Quaternary loose aquifers, is used to evaluate whether the water-resisting performance of the aquifer in the loose layer has a self-repairing function, or use the detection results to show that the coal seam mining Whether the movement affects this level. Therefore, it is very important to detect changes in the permeability of loose layers, and the detection results are also very meaningful.

At present, there are no research reports on the permeability of unconsolidated aquifers, especially in the permeability detection of unconsolidated aquifers in overlying rock during the mining of shallow and deep coal seams. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an innovative method for measuring the change in infiltration rate of unconsolidated strata in shallow deep coal seam mining, which can be used to detect and research the permeability change of Quaternary unconsolidated aquifers in shallow deep coal seam mining areas.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcoming that prior art exists, seek to design and provide a kind of shallow buried deep coal seam mining unconsolidated layer infiltration change measurement method, in order to the permeability of Quaternary loose aquifer in shallow buried deep coal seam mining area Change detection and research work.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention firstly places the measuring device for the change in infiltration rate of the loose layer in the mining of the shallow buried deep coal seam in the detection hole that has been constructed, and lowers it to the preset depth according to the scale marked on the multi-core integrated transmission pipe , and then push the loading power transmission tube with air pressure to make the metal probe enter the detection target layer, then connect the multi-core cable connector to the multi-functional IP instrument, and use the three-pole MNB observation device to collect data on the detection target layer. After the data collection is completed Push the unloading power connection pipe with air pressure, so that the metal probe is pulled out from the detection target layer and retracted into the sealed casing, and then the detection work of the next target layer is carried out, and the above process is repeated to complete the detection work of the entire detection hole. The specific process is:

(1) According to the burial depth and thickness of the detection target layer, the initial detection depth is pre-designed, and the initial position is recorded for the use of the measurement device for the change in infiltration rate of the loose layer in the mining of shallow buried deep coal seams. The detection aperture is set to 75mm. The drilling casing is set within 2m of the hole to prevent the hole from collapsing. The length of the casing is 2.1m and the height is 0.1m above the ground to prevent foreign objects from falling into the detection hole;

(2) After the borehole construction is completed, use the measuring device for the change in infiltration rate of the loose layer in the mining of shallow buried deep coal seam to detect. Check whether there is an open circuit in the multi-core cable. After the inspection, put the measuring device for the change in infiltration rate of the loose layer in shallow coal seam mining into the borehole, and put it into the starting position according to the length scale on the multi-core integrated transmission pipe;

(3) Use the pumping device to inflate the loading power transmission tube, and observe the pressure gauge. When the air pressure reaches 0.4MPa, the metal probe enters the target layer to be tested. At this time, remove the pumping device to reduce the air pressure to 0MPa, and the multi-core cable The connector is connected to the multi-functional IP instrument, and the existing three-pole observation device is used to collect data;

(4) After the data collection is completed, inflate the unloading power connection pipe and observe the pressure gauge. When the air pressure reaches 0.4MPa, the metal probe is pulled out from the target layer to be measured and enters the sealed casing. The air pressure is reduced to 0MPa. After the measurement of this measurement section is completed, it is lowered 2m for continuous observation. In the next measurement section, repeat the above process; if during the measurement process, the metal probe cannot be retracted into the sealed casing due to the compactness of the target layer to be measured. , then repeatedly inflate the loading power transmission tube and the unloading power connecting tube, so that the metal probe is loosened in the target layer to be measured, and then inflates the unloading power connecting tube again and retracts it into the sealed housing.

The main structure of the deep coal seam mining loose layer infiltration rate change measuring device of the present invention includes a hard plastic probe shell, a metal probe, a multi-core integrated transmission tube, an unloading pusher, a loading pusher, and a hard plastic probe. Loading plate, loading power transmission tube, unloading power connecting tube, multi-core cable, bracket, sealing shell, probe hole, multi-core cable connector, sealing plate and sealing plate slide rail; hard plastic probe is arranged inside the sealing shell The outer casing is used to protect the metal probe. Seventeen probe holes are evenly arranged on the side wall of the sealed cylindrical structure made of PVC material. A layer of high-elastic rubber is arranged in the probe hole, so that the metal probe can After passing through the probe hole, it has sealing performance to prevent the loose layer of water from entering the sealed casing; a sealing plate and a sealing plate slide rail are left on the top of the sealing casing to maintain sealing during the loading and unloading of the metal probe, and the sealing plate A sealing pad is provided on the slide rail, and the multi-core integrated transmission tube is fixed on the slide rail of the sealing plate. The length of the sealing shell is 2m, the wall thickness is 5mm, and the diameter is 70mm; The loading pusher opposite to the position of the probe hole, the top of the loading pusher is fixed on the hard plastic probe loading plate, which is used to push the metal probe into the detection target layer when loading, and the three sets of loading pushers are separated by a loading The power transmission tube is connected, and the pumping device is used to push; the tail and the top of the sealed shell are respectively equipped with a set of unloading pushers. The structure and parameters of the unloading pusher are consistent with the loading pusher. Unicom, the unloading power connecting pipe is installed in a multi-core integrated transmission pipe with a length of 50 meters; the metal probe of steel material is fixed on the hard plastic probe loading plate, the length of the metal probe is 40mm, and the diameter is 2mm. The distance between two adjacent metal probes is 10mm, and the number of metal probes is consistent with the probe holes; the wires connected to each metal probe are collected in a multi-core cable, and are connected with the unloading power connection tube and the loading power transmission tube. One piece is integrated in the multi-core integrated transmission tube, and the retracted position of the unloading pusher is aligned with the middle of the metal probe and the retracted position of the loading pusher is installed with a bracket; the end of the multi-core integrated transmission tube is provided with a multi-core cable connector. The core cable connector is connected with an external multi-functional IP instrument for collecting DC resistivity data.

The loading pusher described in the present invention is a jack type pushing device, and the pumping device adopts an air pump. Since the diameter of the metal probe is only 2mm, it can easily enter the loose layer under the promotion of the small pusher. The diameter of the loading pusher is 35mm, the retracted length is 20mm, and the loaded length is 50mm.

The sealing shell of the present invention is cylindrical and made of PVC (Polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride) material, which reduces the accuracy of the detection result of the loose layer due to the influence of the conductivity of the detection device.

The multi-core integrated transmission tube of the present invention is composed of a 17-core cable and two hoses with a diameter of 5mm. The 17-core cable is a data collection transmission line, and the two hoses are power transmission lines for a loading pusher and an unloading pusher. The outer wall of the integrated transmission tube is provided with a length scale from the top section of the housing to measure the detection depth.

When the loading pusher of the present invention is used, the pipes of the unloading pusher are in an open state, one of which is in a pressurized state and the other is in a normal pressure state, and the metal probe is pushed out from the sealed casing and enters the loose layer for measurement.

The power source of the unloading pusher of the present invention is gas. After the measurement is completed, an air pump is used to unload and push it. When the unloading pusher is used, the pipeline of the loading pusher is in an open state, and the loading pusher is in a pressurized state at this time. The unloading thruster is in a state of normal pressure, pushing the metal probe out of the loose layer and retracting it into the sealed casing.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has simple process, convenient operation, reasonable design, portability and portability, and stable and accurate detection results. Place it at the predetermined detection depth, and then inflate the loading pusher pipeline so that the probe contacts the loose layer and start to collect data. The data collection uses a multi-functional IP instrument, and the measurement method uses a three-pole observation system; after the detection of this measurement section is completed, the Unload the power connecting tube and inflate the probe to retract it into the housing, repeat the above process until the entire measurement is completed.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the main structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the main structure loading probe of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the loading and unloading pusher of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the multi-core integrated cable and the probe according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural view of the sealing plate at the top of the sealing housing according to the present invention.

Detailed ways:

The present invention will be further described below by way of embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example:

In this embodiment, the measuring device for the change in infiltration rate of the loose layer in the mining of the shallow buried deep coal seam is placed in the detection hole that has been constructed, and it is lowered to the preset depth according to the scale marked on the multi-core integrated transmission pipe 103, and then the Load the power transmission tube 107 for air pressure push, so that the metal probe 102 enters the detection target layer, then connect the multi-core cable connector 113 to the multi-functional IP instrument, and use the three-pole MNB observation device to collect data on the detection target layer. After the data collection is completed Push the unloading power connection pipe 108 with air pressure, so that the metal probe 102 is pulled out from the detection target layer and retracted into the sealed casing 114, and then the next target layer is detected, and the above process is repeated to complete the detection of the entire section of the detection hole. The detection work, the specific process is:

(1) According to the burial depth and thickness of the detection target layer, the initial detection depth is pre-designed, and the initial position is recorded for the use of the measurement device for the change in infiltration rate of the loose layer in the mining of shallow buried deep coal seams. The detection aperture is set to 75mm. The drilling casing is set within 2m of the hole to prevent the hole from collapsing. The length of the casing is 2.1m and the height is 0.1m above the ground to prevent foreign objects from falling into the detection hole;

(2) After the drilling is completed, use the measuring device for measuring the change in infiltration rate of the loose layer in the mining of shallow buried deep coal seams. First check whether the loading pusher 105 and unloading pusher 104 are working normally, whether the pipeline is leaking, and multi-core integration Whether there is an open circuit in the multi-core cable in the transmission pipe 103, after the inspection is completed, put the measuring device for the variation of the infiltration rate of the loose layer in the mining of shallow coal seam into the borehole, and put it into the hole according to the length scale on the multi-core integrated transmission pipe 103 starting point;

(3) Use the pumping device to inflate the loading power transmission tube 107, and observe the pressure gauge. When the air pressure reaches 0.4MPa, the metal probe 102 enters the target layer to be measured. The core cable connector 113 is connected to the multi-functional IP instrument, and the existing three-pole observation device is used to collect data;

(4) After the data collection is completed, inflate the unloading power connecting pipe 108 and observe the pressure gauge. When the air pressure reaches 0.4MPa, the metal probe 102 is pulled out from the target layer to be measured and enters the sealed casing 114. At this time Evacuate the inflatable device to reduce the air pressure to 0MPa. After the measurement of this measurement section is completed, lower it 2m for continuous observation. In the next measurement section, repeat the above process; if during the measurement process, the metal probe 102 cannot be retracted due to the dense target layer to be measured When it reaches the sealed casing 114, the loading power transmission pipe 107 and the unloading power connecting pipe 108 are repeatedly inflated, so that the metal probe 102 is loosened in the target layer to be measured, and then the unloading power connecting pipe 108 is inflated again and returned to the sealed casing Inside the body 114 .

The main structure of the device for measuring the change in infiltration rate of the loose layer in shallow buried deep coal seam mining in this embodiment includes a hard plastic probe shell 101, a metal probe 102, a multi-core integrated transmission pipe 103, an unloading pusher 104, and a loading pusher 105. Hard plastic probe loading plate 106, loading power transmission tube 107, unloading power connecting tube 108, multi-core cable 109, bracket 111, sealed casing 114, probe hole 112, multi-core cable connector 113, sealing plate 201 and sealing plate slide rail 202; the inner side of the sealing housing 114 is provided with a hard plastic probe housing 101, which is used to protect the metal probe 102, and the sealing housing 114 side wall of the cylindrical structure made of PVC material is evenly provided with seventeen A probe hole 112, a layer of high-elastic rubber is arranged in the probe hole 112, so that the metal probe 102 has a sealing performance after passing through the probe hole 112, and prevents loose water from entering the sealed housing 114; the sealed housing 114 A sealing plate 201 and a sealing plate slide rail 202 are left on the top to maintain sealing during the loading and unloading process of the metal probe 102. A sealing rubber pad is provided on the sealing plate slide rail 202, and the multi-core integrated transmission tube 103 is fixed on the sealing plate. On the plate slide rail 202, the length of the sealed housing 114 is 2 m, the wall thickness is 5 mm, and the diameter is 70 mm; on the inner side wall of the sealed housing 114, three groups of loading pushers 105 opposite to the positions of the probe holes 112 are evenly arranged. The top of the pusher 105 is fixed on the hard plastic probe loading plate 106 to push the metal probe 102 into the detection target layer when loading, and the three groups of loading pushers 105 are connected by the loading power transmission tube 107, and use The pneumatic source is propelled; the tail and the top of the sealed casing 114 are respectively provided with a group of unloading pushers 104, the structure and parameters of the unloading pushers 104 are consistent with the loading pusher 105, and the two groups of unloading pushers 104 are connected through the unloading power connecting pipe 108 , the unloading power connection pipe 108 is installed in the multi-core integrated transmission pipe 103 with a length of 50 meters; the metal probe 102 of steel material is fixed on the hard plastic probe loading plate 106, and the length of the metal probe 102 is 40mm. The diameter is 2mm, the distance between two adjacent metal probes 102 is 10mm, and the number of metal probes 102 is consistent with the probe holes 112; the wires connected separately by each metal probe 102 are collected in the multi-core cable 109, and It is integrated with the unloading power connection pipe 108 and the loading power transmission pipe 107 into the multi-core integrated transmission pipe 103, and the retracted position of the unloading pusher 104 is aligned with the middle of the metal probe 102 and the retracted position of the loading pusher 105 is equipped with brackets 111 ; the end of the multi-core integrated transmission tube 103 is provided with a multi-core cable connector 113 , and the multi-core cable connector 113 is connected to an external multi-functional excitation instrument for collecting DC resistivity data.

The loading pusher 105 described in this embodiment is a jack-type pushing device, and the pneumatic source adopts an air pump. Since the diameter of the metal probe 102 is only 2 mm, it can easily enter the loose layer under the promotion of a small pusher, and the loading pusher The 105 has a diameter of 35mm, a retracted length of 20mm and a loaded length of 50mm.

The sealed casing 114 in this embodiment is cylindrical and made of PVC (Polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride) material, which reduces the accuracy of the detection results of the loose layer due to the conductivity of the detection device.

The multi-core integrated transmission tube 103 in this embodiment is composed of a 17-core cable and two hoses with a diameter of 5 mm. The 17-core cable is a data collection transmission line, and the two hoses are power transmission lines for a loading pusher and an unloading pusher. The outer wall of the multi-core integrated transmission tube 103 is provided with a length scale from the top section of the casing to measure the detection depth.

When the loading pusher 105 of this embodiment is in use, the pipelines of the unloading pusher 104 are in an open state, one of which is in a pressurized state and the other is in a normal pressure state, pushing the metal probe 102 out of the sealed casing 114 and entering the loose layer, for measurement.

The power source of the unloading pusher 104 described in this embodiment is gas. After the measurement is completed, an air pump is used to unload and push it. In a pressurized state, the unloading pusher 104 is in a normal pressure state, pushing the metal probe 102 out of the loose layer and retracting it into the sealed casing 114 .

Claims (4)

1. A method for measuring the change in infiltration rate of the mining loose layer in a shallow buried deep coal seam is characterized in that the measuring device for the change in infiltration rate in the loose layer mined in a shallow buried deep coal seam is placed in the detection hole that has been constructed, and according to multiple The ruler marked on the core integrated transmission tube is lowered to the preset depth, and then the loading power transmission tube is pushed by air pressure to make the metal probe enter the detection target layer, and then the multi-core cable connector is connected to the multi-functional excitation instrument, using a three-pole The MNB observation device collects data on the detection target layer. After the data collection is completed, the unloading power connection pipe is pneumatically pushed, so that the metal probe is pulled out from the detection target layer and retracted into the sealed casing, and then the next target layer is detected. Work, repeat the above process to complete the detection of the entire section of the detection hole, the specific process is: (1) According to the burial depth and thickness of the detection target layer, the initial detection depth is pre-designed, and the initial position is recorded for the use of the measurement device for the change in infiltration rate of the loose layer in the mining of shallow buried deep coal seams. The detection aperture is set to 75mm. The drilling casing is set within 2m of the hole to prevent the hole from collapsing. The length of the casing is 2.1m and the height is 0.1m above the ground to prevent foreign objects from falling into the detection hole; (2) After the borehole construction is completed, use the measuring device for the change in infiltration rate of the loose layer in the mining of shallow buried deep coal seam to detect. Check whether there is an open circuit in the multi-core cable. After the inspection, put the measuring device for the change in infiltration rate of the loose layer in shallow coal seam mining into the borehole, and put it into the starting position according to the length scale on the multi-core integrated transmission pipe; (3) Use the pumping device to inflate the loading power transmission tube, and observe the pressure gauge. When the air pressure reaches 0.4MPa, the metal probe enters the target layer to be tested. At this time, remove the pumping device to reduce the air pressure to 0MPa, and the multi-core cable The connector is connected to the multi-functional IP instrument, and the existing three-pole observation device is used to collect data; (4) After the data collection is completed, inflate the unloading power connection pipe and observe the pressure gauge. When the air pressure reaches 0.4MPa, the metal probe is pulled out from the target layer to be measured and enters the sealed casing. The air pressure is reduced to 0MPa. After the measurement of this measurement section is completed, it is lowered 2m for continuous observation. In the next measurement section, repeat the above process; if during the measurement process, the metal probe cannot be retracted into the sealed casing due to the compactness of the target layer to be measured. , then repeatedly inflate the loading power transmission tube and the unloading power connecting tube, so that the metal probe is loosened in the target layer to be measured, and then inflates the unloading power connecting tube again and retracts it into the sealed housing. 2. according to claim 1 said shallow buried deep coal seam mining loose layer infiltration rate change measurement method, it is characterized in that the main structure of said shallow buried deep coal seam mining loose layer infiltration rate change measurement device comprises a hard plastic probe Housing, metal probe, multi-core integrated transmission tube, unloading pusher, loading pusher, rigid plastic probe loading plate, loading power transmission tube, unloading power connection tube, multi-core cable, bracket, sealed case, probe Holes, multi-core cable joints, sealing plates and sealing plate slide rails; the inner side of the sealing shell is provided with a hard plastic probe shell to protect the metal probe, and the cylindrical structure of the sealing shell made of PVC material is evenly distributed on the side wall There are seventeen probe holes, and a layer of high-elastic rubber is arranged in the probe holes, so that the metal probe has sealing performance after passing through the probe holes, and prevents the loose layer of water from entering the sealed shell; the top of the sealed shell is left The sealing plate and the sealing plate slide rail are used to maintain sealing during the loading and unloading process of the metal probe. The sealing rubber pad is arranged on the sealing plate slide rail, the multi-core integrated transmission tube is fixed on the sealing plate slide rail, and the sealing shell The length is 2m, the wall thickness is 5mm, and the diameter is 70mm; three sets of loading pushers are evenly arranged on the inner side wall of the sealed housing, which are opposite to the positions of the probe holes, and the top of the loading pushers is fixed on the hard plastic probe loading plate On the top, it is used to push the metal probe into the detection target layer when loading. The three sets of loading pushers are connected by the loading power transmission tube, and are pushed by the pumping device; the tail and the top of the sealed shell are respectively equipped with a set of unloading pushers. The structure and parameters of the unloading pusher are consistent with those of the loading pusher. The two sets of unloading pushers are connected through the unloading power connecting pipe, which is installed in a multi-core integrated transmission pipe with a length of 50 meters; the metal detector made of steel The needle is fixed on the hard plastic probe loading plate, the length of the metal probe is 40mm, the diameter is 2mm, the distance between two adjacent metal probes is 10mm, and the number of metal probes is consistent with the probe hole; each The wires connected separately by the metal probe are collected in the multi-core cable, and are integrated into the multi-core integrated transmission tube together with the unloading power connection tube and the loading power transmission tube. The retracted position of the unloading pusher is aligned with the middle of the metal probe and the loading The retracted position of the pusher is equipped with a bracket; the end of the multi-core integrated transmission tube is provided with a multi-core cable connector, and the multi-core cable connector is connected to an external multi-functional excitation instrument for DC resistivity data collection. 3. according to claim 2 said shallow buried deep coal seam mining loose layer infiltration rate variation measurement method, it is characterized in that said loading pusher is a jack-type propulsion device, and the pumping device adopts an air pump, and the diameter of the loading pusher is 35mm , the retracted length is 20mm, and the loaded length is 50mm. 4. according to claim 2, the method for measuring the change in infiltration rate of the loose layer in the shallow buried deep coal seam mining, is characterized in that the multi-core integrated transmission pipe is made up of 17-core cables and two 5mm diameter hoses, and the 17-core cables In order to collect the data transmission line, the two hoses are the power transmission pipelines of the loading pusher and the unloading pusher, and the outer wall of the multi-core integrated transmission pipe is provided with a length scale from the top section of the shell to measure the detection depth.