CN106801578A - Deep drilling bottom hydraulic power is depressured speed-raising instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a deep well drilling bottom-hole hydraulic pressure-reducing and speed-increasing tool. The main function of this tool is to solve the problems of high drilling fluid density at the bottom of deep wells, serious holding effect and low ROP. The specific implementation of the deep well drilling bottomhole hydraulic pressure reduction and speed-up tool is as follows: high-pressure and high-speed drilling fluid is pumped from the surface into the ground, the drilling fluid impacts the turbo accelerator to provide the rotational power of the cyclone separator, and the drilling fluid is separated by the cyclone separator. Yes, the solid phase in the drilling fluid enters the annular space between the drill pipe and the formation, and is brought back to the surface through the upward drilling fluid in the annular space, and the separated drilling fluid enters the drill bit downward through the swirl rotor. The tool can solve the power problem of the tool, improve the efficiency of separating solid phase particles in the drilling fluid, effectively reduce the bottom-hole compression effect of deep wells, improve the ROP, prolong the life of the drill bit, and reduce the cost.

Description

Deep Well Drilling Bottom Hole Hydraulic Power Pressure Reduction and Speed Increase Tool

technical field

The invention relates to a deep well drilling bottom-hole hydraulic pressure-reducing and speed-increasing tool, which belongs to a supporting device for oil and natural gas drilling, and in particular can reduce the density of drilling fluid at the bottom of the well, reduce the holding effect, reduce the wear of the drill bit, increase the drilling speed, and prolong the life of the drill bit.

Background technique

With the reduction of shallow oil and gas resources in the world, oil and gas exploration and development are gradually shifting to deep wells. The speed of drilling in deep formations directly affects the economic benefits of oil and gas exploration and development. However, deep drilling is subject to high formation pressure and requires a high density of drilling fluid. High-density drilling fluid greatly affects the speed of penetration. Urgent problems.

As the drilling process continues and the drilling depth continues to increase, it is necessary to add weighted materials such as barite to the drilling fluid to increase the density of the drilling fluid to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the well wall and protecting the oil and gas layers. Laboratory tests and drilling practices have proved that increasing the density of drilling fluid will increase the pressure difference between the fluid column pressure in the well and the formation pressure, which will lead to a sharp drop in drilling speed. The main reason is that the bottom hole pressure difference has a holding effect on the newly broken cuttings, which hinders the timely removal of bottom hole cuttings, affects the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit, reduces the ROP, and intensifies the wear of the drill bit.

According to a large number of field drilling data, the solid phase content in the drilling fluid is an important factor affecting the drilling speed, and its increase will lead to a decrease in the mechanical drilling speed. Studies have shown that for every 7% increase in solid phase content, the ROP will drop to half of the original ROP. Therefore, strictly controlling the solid phase content in the drilling fluid has a direct impact on ensuring high-quality and fast drilling.

Based on the above analysis, the present invention designs a deep well drilling bottomhole hydrodynamic speed reduction tool. This tool is designed for the characteristics of deep well bottomhole pressure and high drilling fluid density. Phase particles, by reducing the density of the drilling fluid entering the drill bit, reduce the holding effect at the bottom of the deep well, reduce repeated crushing, and reduce nozzle wear, which can effectively increase the ROP and prolong the life of the drill bit.

Contents of the invention

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

The deep well drilling bottom-hole hydrodynamic depressurization speed-increasing tool is composed of a solid phase collector, a solid guide tube, a turbo accelerator, a rotary sealer, a power connector, a cyclone separator, a support rod, and a deflector.

The connection method is as follows: four solid guide pipes are respectively connected with the inner wall of the drill pipe and the solid phase collector, and the solid guide pipe is a hollow steel pipe, which plays the role of supporting and discharging the solid phase; the turbo accelerator and the solid phase collector are rotated The sealer is connected, the interior of the turbo accelerator is hollow, and the exterior is connected with the turbine blades to provide power.

The rotary sealer can provide a good seal while allowing the turbo accelerator to rotate; the turbo accelerator is connected to the power connector, which is a steel pipe with opposite openings, and the opening of the steel pipe allows fluid to pass through, and the remaining part of the steel pipe after the opening is passed from the turbo accelerator motivation.

The power connector is connected with the cyclone separator, and the cyclone separator is divided into two parts, the first part is the outer conical steel shell, the upper part of the conical steel shell is connected with the power connector through a rotary sealer, and the lower part is connected with the support Rod connection; the second part is the swirl rotor with continuous spiral impeller installed inside. The swirl rotor is hollow and connected to the upper power connector, and the lower part is connected to the deflector through a rotary sealer; the deflector is a curved steel body. The deflector is divided into two independent parts up and down.

The flow sequence of drilling fluid is as follows: the high-pressure and high-speed drilling fluid pumped into the ground through surface pressure impacts the turbo accelerator, and the axial flow of the drilling fluid drives the turbo accelerator to rotate. The turbo accelerator rotates at the same speed; the drilling fluid passing through the turbo accelerator flows down along the gap between the inner wall of the drill pipe and the cyclone accelerator, passes through the deflector buffer and changes direction, and enters the cyclone separator upwards. The power of the turbo accelerator rotates, and the drilling fluid that enters the cyclone separator is centrifugally separated. Due to the action of the cyclone rotor, the drilling fluid is subjected to a large centrifugal force. Under the action of the centrifugal force, the solid phase particles in the drilling fluid The speed of deviation from the center is faster than that of the liquid phase, and the solid phase in the drilling fluid will cling to the inner wall of the outer conical steel shell of the cyclone separator. Since the drilling fluid entering the cyclone separator through the deflector is a source of Continuously, while the solid phase particles separated from the drilling fluid are close to the inner wall of the outer conical steel shell of the cyclone separator, the bottom-up drilling fluid will push the solid phase particles separated from the drilling fluid upward transport.

While the solid phase particles separated from the drilling fluid move upwards against the inner wall of the conical steel shell outside the cyclone separator, due to the gradual decrease in the inner radius of the conical shell, the solid phase particles separated from the drilling fluid The rotation speed is getting faster and faster, and at the same time, it continues to move upward, and then enters the power connector with opposite openings at the same time as the drilling fluid after the solid phase is separated.

Since the migration speed of the solid particles separated from the drilling fluid is greater than the speed of the drilling fluid, most of the solid particles separated from the drilling fluid and a small amount of drilling fluid will continue to flow along the power connector at the opening of the power connector. Upward migration; at the opening of the power connector, most of the drilling fluid goes down the power connector, enters the hollow swirl rotor, and migrates down into the drill bit.

Solid phase particles and a small amount of drilling fluid continue to move upward along the power connector, enter the solid phase collector through the turbo accelerator, and are ejected out of the drill pipe through the solid discharge nozzle connected to the solid guide tube.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) the turbo accelerator installed by the tool can solve the power problem of the tool, and improve the efficiency of separating solid phase particles in the drilling fluid; The content of solid particles is reduced, the holding effect is weakened, the efficiency of rock breaking is improved, the ROP is effectively increased, and the life of the drill bit is prolonged.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structure diagram of the present invention.

Symbols in the figure: solid phase collector 1, solid guide tube 2, turbo accelerator 3, rotary sealer 4, power connector 5, cyclone separator 6, support rod 7, deflector 8, thread 9, drill pipe 10. Solid discharge nozzle 11, external tapered steel shell 12 of cyclone separator, and cyclone rotor 13.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, describe the present invention in detail, as follows:

The deep well drilling bottom hole hydrodynamic decompression and speed-up tool consists of a solid phase collector 1, a solid guide tube 2, a turbo accelerator 3, a rotary sealer 4, a power connector 5, a cyclone separator 6, a support rod 7, and a deflector 8. Thread 9, drill pipe 10, solid discharge nozzle 11, external conical steel shell 12 of cyclone separator, and cyclone rotor 13.

The high-pressure and high-speed drilling fluid pumped into the ground through ground pressure impacts the turbo accelerator 3, and the axial flow of the drilling fluid drives the turbo accelerator 3 to rotate. The turbo accelerator 3 rotates at the same speed; the drilling fluid passing through the turbo accelerator 3 flows down along the gap between the inner wall of the drill pipe 10 and the cyclone accelerator, passes through the deflector 8 to buffer and change direction, and enters the cyclone separator 6 upwards. The cyclone separator 6 rotates due to the power of the turbo accelerator 3, and centrifugally separates the drilling fluid that enters the cyclone separator 6 upwards. The drilling fluid is subjected to a large centrifugal force. Under the action of the centrifugal force, the solid phase in the drilling fluid The speed of particle deviation from the center is faster than that of the liquid phase, and the solid phase in the drilling fluid will be close to the inner wall of the outer conical steel shell 12 of the cyclone separator 6, and the bottom-up drilling fluid will push the drilling fluid from the bottom to the top. The solid phase particles separated in the medium move upward.

While the solid phase particles separated from the drilling fluid move upwards against the inner wall of the conical steel shell 12 outside the cyclone separator 6, due to the gradual decrease in the inner radius of the conical shell, the solid phase particles separated from the drilling fluid The phase particles rotate faster and faster, and continue to move upward at the same time, and then enter the power connector 5 with opposite openings at the same time as the drilling fluid after the solid phase has been separated.

Since the migration speed of the solid particles separated from the drilling fluid is greater than the speed of the drilling fluid, most of the solid particles separated from the drilling fluid and a small amount of drilling fluid will continue along the power connection at the opening of the power connector 5. The device 5 moves upward; at the opening of the power connector 5, most of the drilling fluid moves down along the power connector 5, enters the hollow swirl rotor 13, and moves downward into the drill bit.

Most of the solid phase particles separated from the drilling fluid and a small amount of drilling fluid continue to move upward along the power connector 5, pass through the turbo accelerator 3, enter the solid phase collector 1, and spray through the solid discharge nozzle 11 connected to the solid guide pipe 2. Out of the drill pipe 10 .

Claims (1)

1. Deep well drilling bottom-hole hydrodynamic depressurization and speed-up tools are mainly composed of solid phase collector, solid guide pipe, turbo accelerator, rotary sealer, power connector, cyclone separator, support rod and deflector. It is characterized in that: the upper end of the solid guide pipe is connected with the solid discharge nozzle, the lower end of the solid guide pipe is connected with the solid phase collector; the upper end of the turbo accelerator is connected with the solid phase collector, and the lower end of the solid phase collector is connected with the rotary sealer; the rotary sealer The lower end is connected with the cyclone separator; the cyclone separator is composed of the outer steel shell and the swirl rotor; the outer steel shell is connected with the drill pipe wall through the support rod.