CN106773004A - Heavy caliber altazimuth telescope collapsible formula dust guard - Google Patents

Abstract

The foldable and retractable dust-proof device for large-caliber horizon telescopes belongs to the field of dust-proof technology for the main mirror of large-caliber telescopes; it solves the problem that when the cover plates of large-caliber telescopes shrink, dust and particles on adjacent cover plates may fall into the telescope , a technical problem that affects the dust-proof effect; the stepper motor of this device drives the drive shaft to rotate, and the power is transmitted to the lead screws on both sides through two bevel gears, so that the lead screws rotate, and the lead screw slides along the lead screw The direction of the linear movement drives the sealing plate, the elastic bellows hinge and the elastic bellows skeleton to make linear movements at the same time, so as to realize the shrinkage and opening of the dustproof device; Foldable and shrinkable dust-proof device, the foldable cover is made of polyester fiber hinge and PVC material skeleton, the hinge and skeleton are connected together by thermal fusion, which realizes no wind load and does not damage the balance of the telescope. It has the characteristics of simple structure, good sealing, light weight and long life.

Description

Foldable and retractable dust-proof device for large-aperture horizon-level telescope

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of dustproofing of the main mirror of a large-scale telescope, and in particular relates to a foldable and shrinkable dustproofing device for a large-caliber horizon telescope.

Background technique

The site of the telescope is generally located in the Gobi or desert area, where there are many windy sand and dust. With the accumulation of time, the sand and dust are easy to adhere to the surface of the primary mirror, thus contaminating the mirror surface. Although cleaning technology is used for regular cleaning, the number of cleanings is too much Not only will the reflectivity decrease, but the steps are complicated and the cost is high. In order to prevent foreign matter accidentally falling into the telescope and causing permanent damage or damage to the telescope's main reflector, it is necessary to design a separate dust-proof component to protect the telescope's main reflector.

At present, the dust-proof devices of large telescopes in the world mainly include the door-to-door type, the petal type and the rolling door type. For example, the 3.5m telescope in the US Starfire Range and the NASA 3m telescope use a double-door dust-proof device, and two motors control two dust-proof covers to open and close. A notable shortcoming of this dust-proof device is that the weight of each cover plate is very large. Even if each cover plate is made of metal aluminum, the weight of each cover plate still reaches more than a dozen due to the relatively large aperture of the telescope. kilograms or even tens of kilograms, which will accelerate the wear of the transmission system; in order to overcome this shortcoming, a petal-type dust-proof device is proposed on this basis, that is, the two dust-proof covers are divided into 4, 6 or more There are many, such as the 3.5m ARC telescope in New Mexico, the 3.9m Anglo-Australian telescope, and the 4.2m WHT telescope in the United Kingdom. These two dust-proof devices have two common disadvantages. One is that they will bring a large wind load. The wind load acts on the dust-proof device, which will cause the telescope to vibrate and affect the control accuracy and observation effect of the telescope. The second is that it will cause the imbalance of the horizontal axis of the telescope, which increases the difficulty of the control system, and in the case of a sudden power failure, it will cause the telescope optical system to be inverted, which will bring great safety hazards; for these two For this shortcoming, a retractable dust-proof device has been proposed, such as the TTL telescope designed by the British TTL company and the NTT telescope of the European Southern Observatory. This dustproof device adopts a lot of metal cover plates, and when opened, the adjacent cover plates are packed up one by one and stacked together. The only disadvantage of this device is that when the cover shrinks, it may cause dust and particles on the adjacent cover to fall into the telescope, affecting the dustproof effect.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical problem that dust and particles on adjacent cover plates may fall into the telescope when the cover plate of the large-aperture telescope shrinks, thereby affecting the dust-proof effect, the present invention provides a collapsible and shrinkable large-aperture horizon telescope. Type dustproof device.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

Foldable and retractable dust-proof device for large-diameter horizon telescope, including stepping motor, coupling, transmission shaft, transmission shaft skin, bevel gear, screw support, opening limit switch, elastic skin cavity skin, closing Limit switch, lead screw reinforced support, telescope cross, lead screw, U-shaped fixed plate, lead screw slider, limit piece, bent plate, channel steel, sealing plate, elastic bellows hinge and elastic bellows skeleton ;

The open limit switch, the close limit switch and the U-shaped fixed plate are installed on the telescope cross; the channel steel is installed on the U-shaped fixed plate;

The lead screw is installed on the lead screw support on both sides and the lead screw reinforcement support in the middle;

The transmission shaft skin seals all the parts at the transmission shaft end, and the elastic leather chamber skin covers the upper end of the elastic leather chamber hinge with a gap; The groove is stuck on the channel steel to realize the guided sliding of the elastic bellows skeleton on the channel steel;

The elastic bellows hinge is connected to the elastic bellows skeleton, the sliding end of the elastic bellows hinge is connected to the sealing plate, and the sealing plate is connected to the lead screw slider through the bent plate, and the lead screw slider is installed on the lead screw. The sliding of the sealing plate is driven by the screw slider to realize the sliding of the elastic bellows hinge;

The limit piece is connected to the lead screw slider;

One end of the transmission shaft is connected to the stepper motor through a coupling, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected to a bevel gear, and the other bevel gear is connected to the lead screw, and the two bevel gears mesh with each other to realize power transmission and steering;

When the stepper motor works, it drives the transmission shaft to rotate, and the power is transmitted to the screw on both sides through two bevel gears, so that the screw rotates, and the slider of the screw moves linearly along the direction of the screw, driving the sealing plate, elastic The bellows hinge and the elastic bellows skeleton move linearly at the same time to realize the contraction and opening of the elastic bellows hinge;

After the steering is realized by the two bevel gears, the screw on both sides is driven to rotate, and the slider on the screw drives the elastic bellows to realize the opening and contraction of the dust-proof device;

When the sealing plates on both sides are attached, the dustproof device is closed, and at this time, the limit piece on the screw slider is just on the close limit switch;

When the sealing plates on both sides are opened, the limit piece on the lead screw slider is located on the open limit switch, realizing the opening of the dustproof device.

It also includes a motor support, a bevel gear fixing seat and a lead screw fixing seat, and the motor support, bevel gear fixing seat and lead screw fixing seat are installed on the telescope cross; the stepping motor is installed on the motor support, The transmission shaft is installed on the transmission shaft support.

The elastic leather chamber skin is Z-shaped and is used to seal the side of the dustproof device.

The lead screw slider is installed on the lead screw through the groove, the upper end of the lead screw slider is connected with the bent plate, and the lower end of the lead screw slider is connected with the limit piece.

The hinges of the elastic bellows are connected with the framework of the elastic bellows by hot melting.

The gap between the skin of the elastic skin cavity and the hinge of the elastic skin cavity is 1-2 mm.

The elastic bellows skeleton is a PVC skeleton.

The stepper motor is a double output motor.

The stepper motor simultaneously drives two lead screws, and the rotation directions of the two lead screws are left-right and right-left respectively.

Both the open limit switch and the close limit switch are photoelectric switches, and the voltage is ±5V.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the device adopts the concept of being foldable, and when it is opened, the folds shrink the two sides of the outer telescope cross, which does not affect the observation of the telescope; Particles fall into the telescope; and, on the basis of the retractable dustproof device, the device proposes a collapsible and retractable dustproof device using lighter materials, and the foldable cover uses polyester fiber hinges and PVC The skeleton of the material, the hinge and the skeleton are connected together by thermal fusion. Compared with the existing technology, it has the characteristics of no wind load, no damage to the balance of the telescope, simple structure, good sealing, light weight and long life. It is suitable for dustproof and protection of large aperture horizon telescope.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the top view of the collapsible and retractable dust-proof device of the large-aperture horizon-type telescope of the present invention after removing the skin of the elastic leather cavity;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the collapsible and retractable dust-proof device of the large-aperture horizon telescope of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a partial schematic diagram of the connection between the lead screw and the transmission shaft of the foldable and retractable dust-proof device of the large-diameter horizon telescope of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the connection between the stepper motor and the transmission shaft of the foldable and retractable dust-proof device of the large-aperture horizon telescope of the present invention.

Among them, 1. Stepper motor, 2. Motor support, 3. Coupling, 4. Drive shaft support, 5. Drive shaft, 6. Drive shaft skin, 7. Bevel gear, 8. Lead screw support , 9, open limit switch, 10, elastic leather cavity skin, 11, close limit switch, 12, lead screw reinforced support, 13, reflector room, 14, reflector, 15, telescope four-way, 16, Lead screw, 17, U-shaped fixed plate, 18, bevel gear fixed seat, 19, leading screw fixed seat, 20, leading screw slider, 21, limit piece, 22, bent plate, 23, channel steel, 24, seal Board, 25, elastic bellows hinge, 26, elastic bellows skeleton.

detailed description

Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the foldable and retractable dust-proof device of the large-diameter horizon telescope includes a stepping motor 1, a coupling 3, a transmission shaft 5, a transmission shaft skin 6, a bevel gear 7, and a screw support Seat 8, open limit switch 9, elastic skin cavity skin 10, close limit switch 11, lead screw reinforced support 12, telescope cross 15, lead screw 16, U-shaped fixed plate 17, lead screw slider 20, Limiting sheet 21, bent plate 22, channel steel 23, sealing plate 24, elastic bellows hinge 25 and elastic bellows skeleton 26.

Dust-proof device also comprises motor support 2, bevel gear fixed seat 18 and leading screw fixed seat 19, and motor support 2, bevel gear fixed seat 18 and leading screw fixed seat 19 are installed on the telescope four-way 15; Installed on the motor support 2, the transmission shaft 5 is installed on the transmission shaft support 4.

Open limit switch 9, close limit switch 11 and U-shaped fixed plate 17 are installed on the telescope four-way 15; Channel steel 23 is installed on the U-shaped fixed plate 1. The leading screw 16 is installed on the leading screw support 8 on both sides and the leading screw reinforcing support 12 in the middle.

The power transmission shaft skin 6 seals all parts of the power transmission shaft 5 ends, and is mainly used to seal the side of the dustproof device transmission shaft 5 places. The elastic leather chamber skin 10 is Z-shaped, and is used to seal the side of the dustproof device at the elastic leather chamber hinge 25. The elastic leather chamber skin 10 covers the upper end of the elastic leather chamber hinge 25 and leaves a gap of 1-2mm , could make the shrinkage and opening of the elastic bellows hinge 25 not be affected by the elastic bellows skin 10.

The elastic bellows is composed of elastic bellows hinges 25 and elastic bellows framework 26, and the folding of the elastic bellows can realize the dustproof and protection of the main mirror of the telescope with a diameter of 1-4m. The elastic bellows skeleton 26 is a PVC skeleton, and the guiding of the elastic bellows is realized by a channel steel 23. The two ends of the elastic bellows skeleton 26 are processed with certain length and width draw-in grooves, and are stuck on the channel steel 23 through the draw-in grooves to realize The guide sliding of the elastic bellows skeleton 26 on the channel steel 23; the upper and lower layers of elastic bellows hinges 25 and the middle PVC elastic bellows skeleton 26 are connected together by hot-melting.

The elastic bellows hinge 25 is connected to the elastic bellows frame 26, and the sliding end of the dustproof device elastic bellows hinge 25 is connected to two metal sealing plates 24, and the sealing plate 24 is connected to the lead screw slider 20 through the bent plate 22. Above, the lead screw slider 20 is installed on the lead screw 16 through a groove, the upper end of the lead screw slider 20 is connected to the bent plate 22 , and the lower end of the lead screw slider 20 is connected to the limit plate 21 . The sealing plate 24 is driven to slide by the lead screw slider 20, thereby realizing the sliding of the elastic bellows flaps 25 of the elastic bellows on both sides;

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, one end of the transmission shaft 5 is connected to the stepper motor 1 through a coupling 3, the other end of the transmission shaft 5 is connected to a bevel gear 7, and the other bevel gear 7 is connected to the lead screw 16, The two bevel gears 7 mesh with each other to realize power transmission and steering.

The stepper motor 1 is a double output motor, and a stepper motor 1 can be utilized to drive both side screw screws 16 simultaneously, and the rotation directions of the two ball screw screws 16 are respectively left-right rotation and right-left rotation, otherwise the motion will be locked. The two ball screw screws 16 are identical except that the directions of rotation are respectively left-right-handed and right-left-handed outward. The direction of rotation of the grooves of the same lead screw is opposite, so that when the lead screw rotates, the opening or closing of the elastic bellows hinge 25 can be realized. The elastic bellows hinge 25 and the elastic bellows skeleton 26 of the elastic bellows are driven by the lead screw slider 20 on the leading screw 16, so that the two ends of each elastic bellows hinge 25 and the elastic bellows skeleton 26 are simultaneously Exercise without getting stuck due to out-of-sync motion.

When the stepper motor 1 works, it drives the transmission shafts 5 on both sides to rotate, and the power is transmitted to the lead screw 16 on both sides through the two bevel gears 7, so that the lead screw 16 rotates, because the lead screw slider 20 cannot rotate, only Move linearly along the direction of the lead screw 16, so that the sealing plate 24, the elastic bellows hinge 25 and the elastic bellows skeleton 26 etc. are driven to move linearly at the same time, so as to realize the shrinkage and opening of the elastic bellows hinge 25,

The dust-proof device is driven by the stepping motor 1 to drive the transmission shaft 5 on both sides. After the steering is realized by two pairs of bevel gears 7, the ball screw 16 on both sides is driven to rotate negatively, and the screw slider 20 on the ball screw 16 is driven. Elastic bellows to realize the opening and shrinking or closing of the dustproof device.

When the sealing plates 24 on both sides were attached, the closing of the dustproof device was realized, and now the limit piece 21 on the screw slider 20 was just positioned on the limit switch 11; when the sealing plates 24 on both sides were opened to When the position is needed, the limit piece 21 on the lead screw slider 20 is just located on the open limit switch 9, which realizes the opening of the dustproof device. The open limit switch 9 and the close limit switch 11 are photoelectric switches with a voltage of ±5V, and the photoelectric switches adopt a redundant design to ensure that when a switch fails, there are still other photoelectric switches to achieve limit Function.

The sealing plate is closed by labyrinth fit, and the mating surface is pasted with sponge, and there will be no obstacle to the reinforced support of the screw, because it is supported by two bearings at 90 degrees, and the reinforced support of the screw is just located In the middle of the lead screw, and the slider will not move to the middle of the lead screw, it can be closed. When it is opened, the open limit comes into play. When the slider moves to the open limit switch, the lead screw slider stops moving, and the mirror cover of the dust-proof device is opened. At this time, the lead screw slider runs to the top of the lead screw. at a certain distance, so there are no obstacles.

Claims (10)

1. Foldable and retractable dust-proof device for large-caliber horizon telescope, including stepper motor (1), coupling (3), transmission shaft (5), transmission shaft skin (6), bevel gear (7), Lead screw support (8), open limit switch (9), elastic skin cavity skin (10), close limit switch (11), lead screw reinforced support (12), telescope cross (15), wire Bar (16), U-shaped fixed plate (17), lead screw slider (20), limit piece (21), bent plate (22), channel steel (23), sealing plate (24) and elastic bellows Page (25) and elastic skin cavity skeleton (26); It is characterized in that, The opening limit switch (9), the closing limit switch (11) and the U-shaped fixed plate (17) are installed on the telescope four-way (15); the channel steel (23) is installed on the U-shaped fixed plate (17) ; The leading screw (16) is installed on the leading screw support (8) on both sides and the leading screw reinforcing support (12) in the middle; The transmission shaft skin (6) seals all parts at the end of the transmission shaft (5), and the elastic skin cavity skin (10) covers the upper end of the elastic skin cavity hinge (25) with a gap; the elastic skin cavity The two ends of the cavity skeleton (26) are provided with draw-in grooves, and are stuck on the channel steel (23) through the draw-in grooves, so as to realize the guided sliding of the elastic leather cavity skeleton (26) on the channel steel (23); The elastic bellows hinge (25) is connected to the elastic bellows skeleton (26), and the sliding end of the elastic bellows hinge (25) is connected to the sealing plate (24), and the sealing plate (24) is connected to the On the lead screw slider (20), the lead screw slider (20) is installed on the lead screw (16), and the lead screw slider (20) drives the sealing plate (24) to slide to realize the elastic bellows folding ( 25) sliding; Limiting plate (21) is connected on the lead screw slider (20); One end of the transmission shaft (5) is connected to the stepper motor (1) through a coupling (3), the other end of the transmission shaft (5) is connected to a bevel gear (7), and the other bevel gear (7) is connected to the The lead screw (16) is connected, and the two bevel gears (7) mesh with each other to realize power transmission and steering; When the stepper motor (1) works, it drives the transmission shaft (5) to rotate, and the power is transmitted to the lead screw (16) on both sides through two bevel gears (7), so that the lead screw (16) rotates, and the lead screw (16) rotates. The rod slider (20) moves linearly along the direction of the lead screw (16), driving the sealing plate (24), the elastic bellows hinge (25) and the elastic bellows skeleton (26) to move linearly at the same time, realizing the elastic bellows hinge (25) contraction and opening; After the steering is realized by the two bevel gears (7), the lead screws (16) on both sides are driven to rotate, and the slider on the lead screw (16) drives the elastic bellows to realize the opening and contraction of the dustproof device; When the sealing plates (24) on both sides are fitted together, the dustproof device is closed, and at this moment, the limit piece (21) on the lead screw slider (20) is just positioned on the off limit switch (11); When the sealing plates (24) on both sides were opened, the limit piece (21) on the leading screw slider (20) was located on the open limit switch (9), realizing the opening of the dustproof device. 2. The collapsible and retractable dust-proof device for a large-diameter horizon-type telescope according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a motor support (2), a bevel gear holder (18) and a screw holder (19) , the motor support (2), the bevel gear holder (18) and the screw holder (19) are installed on the telescope cross (15); the stepper motor (1) is installed on the motor holder (2 ), the transmission shaft (5) is installed on the transmission shaft support (4). 3. The collapsible and retractable dust-proof device for a large-diameter horizon-type telescope according to claim 1, wherein the elastic leather cavity skin (10) is Z-shaped, and is used to seal the side of the dust-proof device. 4. The foldable and retractable dust-proof device for a large-diameter horizon telescope according to claim 1, characterized in that, the lead screw slider (20) is installed on the lead screw (16) through a groove, and the lead screw slides The upper end of block (20) is connected with bent plate (22), and the lower end of leading screw slide block (20) is connected with spacer (21). 5. The collapsible and retractable dustproof device for a large-diameter horizon telescope according to claim 3, characterized in that, the elastic bellows hinge (25) and the elastic bellows skeleton (26) are connected by thermal fusion. 6. The collapsible and retractable dust-proof device for a large-caliber horizon-type telescope according to claim 5, wherein the gap between the elastic leather chamber skin (10) and the elastic leather chamber hinge (25) is 1- 2mm. 7. The foldable and retractable dust-proof device for large-caliber horizon telescope according to claim 6, characterized in that, the elastic bellows skeleton (26) is a PVC skeleton. 8. The foldable and retractable dust-proof device for a large-aperture horizon telescope according to claims 1-7, characterized in that the stepper motor (1) is a dual-output motor. 9. The foldable and retractable dust-proof device for a large-diameter horizon-type telescope according to any one of claim 8, characterized in that, the stepper motor (1) drives two lead screws (16) simultaneously, and the two lead screws (16) The direction of rotation of the bar (1) is respectively left-right and right-left. 10. The collapsible and retractable dust-proof device for a large-caliber horizon telescope according to claim 9, characterized in that, both the open limit switch (9) and the close limit switch (11) are photoelectric switches, and the voltage is ±5V.