CN106717203A - A kind of layer-by-layer fertilizing seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a layered fertilization seeder, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: the frame (1) at least includes a ditching mechanism, a fertilization mechanism, a soil covering plate A, a seeding mechanism and a soil covering plate B , the ditching mechanism completes ditching, and then fertilizes in the ditch. After fertilization, the soil is covered by the soil covering plate A, and then the seeds are sown on the covering soil layer, and finally the sown seeds are covered by the soil covering plate B again. The size of the soil-covering tray A is smaller than that of the soil-covering tray B. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, lower cost, lower labor intensity, fertilization and sowing can be completed in different horizontal layers, and seed fertilizer does not contact.

Description

A layered fertilization seeder

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a layered fertilization seeder.

Background technique

my country is a large agricultural country, and has been planting crops for a long time. The planting methods of crops have been gradually improved and improved, from animal power seeders to small tractor-supported seeders, and then to the use of joint operation seeders, which have gradually improved the efficiency of agricultural production.

The combined seeder can complete all the processes such as ditching, fertilization, sowing, and mulching at one time, and can complete multiple operations at one time. The operation efficiency is high, ensuring timely sowing and increasing production; making full use of supporting power, saving energy and reducing operating costs.

Most of the combined seeders currently used are two sets of ditching shovels, one set of ditching is used to put fertilizer, and the other set is used to put seeds, so that the seeds and fertilizers are adjacent to the same horizontal line in the ground; or a set of ditching Shovel, then fertilize and sow in the ditch, and the seeds and fertilizer are also at the same level.

Therefore, a layered fertilization seeder with the advantages of simple structure, reduced cost, reduced labor intensity, and the ability to complete fertilization and seeding at different levels without contacting the seed and fertilizer was proposed.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a layered fertilization seeder with simple structure, lower cost, lower labor intensity, precise fertilization and seeding, and improved efficiency.

The object of the present invention is achieved by the following structure, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: the frame (1) includes a ditching mechanism, a fertilization mechanism, a soil covering mechanism A (13), a seeding mechanism and a soil covering mechanism B (14);

Described ditching mechanism comprises ditching shovel (14) at least, and described fertilization mechanism comprises lower fertilizer pipe (20) at least, and the fertilizer outlet of described lower fertilizer pipe (20) is arranged at the rear of ditching shovel (14), Described soil-covering mechanism A (13) is located at the rear of the fertilizer outlet of lower fertilizer pipe (20), and the applied fertilizer is covered with soil. 13) at the rear, sow on the soil layer above the applied fertilizer, and the soil covering mechanism B (12) is arranged behind the seed outlet of the seeding pipe (21) of the sowing mechanism, and the seeds sown in the ditch are covered with soil The soil covering mechanism A (13) includes at least a soil covering disk A, and the soil covering mechanism B (12) includes at least a soil covering disk B, and the size of the soil covering disk A is smaller than that of the soil covering disk B.

The above structure is summarized as: a layered fertilization seeder, including a frame (1), characterized in that: the frame (1) at least includes a ditching mechanism, a fertilization mechanism, a soil covering plate A, a seeding mechanism and a soil covering plate B. The ditching mechanism completes the ditching, and then fertilizes in the ditch. After fertilization, the soil is covered by the soil covering plate A, and then the seeds are sown on the covering soil layer, and finally the sown seeds are covered by the soil covering plate B again. The size of the soil-covering tray A is smaller than that of the soil-covering tray B.

Further, a stubble mechanism is provided in front of the ditching mechanism, and the stubble mechanism includes a rotating shaft A (2) and a stubble blade (15), and the stubble blade (15) is arranged on the rotation axis A ( 2) and extend radially outward.

Still further, the fertilization mechanism comprises a fertilization box (18), a fertilizer lowering device (19), a rotating shaft B (16) and a lower fertilizer pipe (20), and the rotating shaft B (16) is arranged on the frame ( 1) The support plates (4) on both sides are shaft seats, and the fertilization device (19) is arranged on the rotating shaft B (16) and the fertilizing device (19) is connected with the fertilization box (5). B (18) drives the lower fertilizer device (19) to rotate and makes the fertilizer application box (5) communicate with the lower fertilizer pipe (20) to complete the fertilization operation.

Still further, the suppressing mechanism includes a suppressing wheel (10) and a connecting wheel rod (9), one end of the connecting wheel rod (9) is connected to the tail end of the frame (1), and one end is connected to the suppressing wheel (10), The frame 1 at the rear end of the seed box (5) is provided with a depression bar (7), and a connecting rod (9) is provided between the connecting wheel rod (9) and the depression rod (7), and the connecting rod ( 9) is provided with a profiling spring (8), and the pressing rod (7) presses the connecting wheel rod (9) through the profiling spring (8) to compact the covering soil groove, and the pressing wheel (10) The surface of the wheel is provided with a protrusion, which is an axial protrusion, that is, the axial direction of the wheel surface.

Still further, the sowing mechanism includes a seed box (5), a seed-taking mechanism (11) and a seed pipe (21), and the seed-taking mechanism (11) is arranged on the seed box (5) and the seed pipe (21) )between,

The seed-taking disc (112) is arranged on the outside of the seed-taking case (111), and the described seed-taking case (111) is provided with a rotating shaft (115), and the rotating shaft (115) drives the seed-taking case (111) Rotate relative to the seed disc (112).

The structure of the described seed-taking mechanism (11) is as follows: the structure of the described seed-taking mechanism (11) is as follows: it comprises a seed-taking box (111) and a seed-taking tray (112), and the described seed-taking box (111) is provided with Seed inlet (118) and multiple groups of seed outlets A (113), the described seed tray (112) is located outside the seed box (111) and is provided with multiple groups of seed outlets A (113) on the casing surface fit, and on the seed tray (112) is provided with a seed outlet B (114) corresponding to the positions of multiple sets of seed outlets A (113), and the seed box (111) is provided with a rotating shaft (115 ), the rotating shaft (115) drives the seed picking box (111) to rotate relative to the seed picking disc (112), and the seed outlet A (113) and the seed outlet B (114) overlap intermittently to realize periodic sowing;

Or, described seed-taking disc (112) is arranged on the inside of seed-taking box (111), and described seed-taking disc (112) is provided with rotating shaft (115), and described rotating shaft (115) drives seed-taking disc ( 112) relatively rotate with the seed case (111).

The structure of the seed-taking mechanism (11) is as follows: comprising a seed-taking box (111) and a seed-taking tray (112), the seed-taking box (111) is provided with a seed inlet (118) and a seed outlet A ( 113), the seed-taking tray (112) is arranged in the cavity of the seed-taking box (111) and fits with the casing surface provided with the seed outlet A (113), and the seed-taking tray (112) is provided with a The multiple groups of seed outlets B (114) corresponding to the position of the seed outlet A (113), the described seed tray (112) is provided with a rotating shaft (115), and the rotating shaft (115) passes through the seed outlet. The casing surface of the seed-taking box (111) of port A (113) is connected with the seed-taking tray (112), and the seed-taking tray (112) rotates relative to the seed-taking box (111), and the seed outlet A (113) Intermittently overlap with the seed outlet B (114) to realize periodic sowing.

The traction mechanism drives the layered fertilization mechanism to advance, and the traction mechanism can provide power for the rotating shaft A (2), and the rotating shaft A (2) drives the stubble cutting blade (15) to rotate to realize the stubble crushing operation of ground straw. Coaxially be provided with driving wheel on the suppressing wheel (10), be provided with driving wheel on the rotating shaft B (16), connect the driving wheel on the suppressing wheel (10) shaft and the driving wheel on the rotating shaft B (16) by transmission belt, The pressing wheel (10) rotates with the tractor, and the rotating shaft B (16) is driven by the pressing wheel (10) to rotate, and the fertilization box (18) cooperates with the fertilizing box (18) to complete fertilization through the rotation of the rotating shaft B (16) Operation. The ditching shovel (14) ditches the cultivated land after the stubble is broken, the fertilizer provided by the fertilization mechanism falls into the ditch opened by the ditching shovel (14), and the covering mechanism A (13) moves forward to cover the ditch with a small amount of soil , the seeding mechanism sows in the opened grooves that have been nearly covered with soil, the soil covering mechanism B (12) performs soil covering operations on the sown grooves, and the pressing wheel (10) located at the rear of the frame (1) is used for covering the grooves that have been covered with soil. Perform compaction.

Still further, the upper opening of the seed outlet A (113) is provided with a seed picking spoon (116) with a diameter larger than that of the seed outlet A (113).

Furthermore, the front end of the frame (1) is provided with a gear box (3), the gear box (3) is connected with the drive shaft A (2), and the tractor can drive the drive shaft A through the gear box (3) (2) Turn.

When the fertilizer melts, it spreads around, and the seeds grow downward after rooting, so part of the fertilizer cannot be absorbed and utilized by the seeds, resulting in a waste of fertilizer and polluting the soil. The large-scale use of combined operation machines has improved the efficiency of agricultural production, but the serious waste of agricultural resources and the inability to make full use of them have a certain impact on the development of agriculture.

Combined sowing means that the planter can complete all the processes such as ditching, fertilization, sowing, and mulching at one time, and the row spacing, plant spacing, ridge spacing, and sowing and fertilizing depth can be selected and adjusted according to different agronomic and soil requirements. This can reduce the number of times the unit enters the ground and prevent the soil from being over-compacted by the machine; multiple operations can be completed at one time, and the operation efficiency is high, ensuring timely sowing and increasing production; making full use of the supporting power, saving energy, and reducing operating costs. Compared with the traditional sowing method, the operating cost of the labor consumption of combined sowing is reduced by about 30%.

A layered fertilization and seeding method is characterized in that: mainly comprising the following steps:

a. Ditching: Ditching in the field to be sown;

B, fertilization: carry out fertilization in the ditch of step a;

C, primary soil covering: the fertilizer applied in the b step is covered with soil;

d, sowing: sowing on the fertilizer covering soil layer of step c;

E, secondary soil covering: the seeds sown in the d step are covered with soil;

Said method uses the layered fertilization planter of following structure:

It includes a frame (1), characterized in that: the frame (1) includes a ditching mechanism, a fertilization mechanism, a soil covering mechanism A (13), a seeding mechanism and a soil covering mechanism B (14);

Described ditching mechanism comprises ditching shovel (14) at least, and described fertilization mechanism comprises lower fertilizer pipe (20) at least, and the fertilizer outlet of described lower fertilizer pipe (20) is arranged at the rear of ditching shovel (14), Described soil-covering mechanism A (13) is located at the rear of the fertilizer outlet of lower fertilizer pipe (20), and the applied fertilizer is covered with soil. 13) at the rear, sow on the soil layer above the applied fertilizer, and the soil covering mechanism B (12) is arranged behind the seed outlet of the seeding pipe (21) of the sowing mechanism, and the seeds sown in the ditch are covered with soil The soil covering mechanism A (13) includes at least a soil covering disk A, and the soil covering mechanism B (12) includes at least a soil covering disk B, and the size of the soil covering disk A is smaller than that of the soil covering disk B.

The above structure is summarized as: a layered fertilization seeder, including a frame (1), characterized in that: the frame (1) at least includes a ditching mechanism, a fertilization mechanism, a soil covering plate A, a seeding mechanism and a soil covering plate B. The ditching mechanism completes the ditching, and then fertilizes in the ditch. After fertilization, the soil is covered by the soil covering plate A, and then the seeds are sown on the covering soil layer, and finally the sown seeds are covered by the soil covering plate B again. The size of the soil-covering tray A is smaller than that of the soil-covering tray B.

Further, a stubble mechanism is provided in front of the ditching mechanism, and the stubble mechanism includes a rotating shaft A (2) and a stubble blade (15), and the stubble blade (15) is arranged on the rotation axis A ( 2) and extend radially outward.

Still further, the fertilization mechanism comprises a fertilization box (18), a fertilizer lowering device (19), a rotating shaft B (16) and a lower fertilizer pipe (20), and the rotating shaft B (16) is arranged on the frame ( 1) The support plates (4) on both sides are shaft seats, and the fertilization device (19) is arranged on the rotating shaft B (16) and the fertilizing device (19) is connected with the fertilization box (5). B (18) drives the lower fertilizer device (19) to rotate and makes the fertilizer application box (5) communicate with the lower fertilizer pipe (20) to complete the fertilization operation.

Still further, the suppressing mechanism includes a suppressing wheel (10) and a connecting wheel rod (9), one end of the connecting wheel rod (9) is connected to the tail end of the frame (1), and one end is connected to the suppressing wheel (10), The frame 1 at the rear end of the seed box (5) is provided with a depression bar (7), and a connecting rod (9) is provided between the connecting wheel rod (9) and the depression rod (7), and the connecting rod ( 9) is provided with a profiling spring (8), and the pressing rod (7) presses the connecting wheel rod (9) through the profiling spring (8) to compact the covering soil groove, and the pressing wheel (10) The surface of the wheel is provided with a protrusion, which is an axial protrusion, that is, the axial direction of the wheel surface.

Still further, the sowing mechanism includes a seed box (5), a seed-taking mechanism (11) and a seed pipe (21), and the seed-taking mechanism (11) is arranged on the seed box (5) and the seed pipe (21) )between,

The seed-taking disc (112) is arranged on the outside of the seed-taking case (111), and the described seed-taking case (111) is provided with a rotating shaft (115), and the rotating shaft (115) drives the seed-taking case (111) Rotate relative to the seed disc (112).

The structure of the described seed-taking mechanism (11) is as follows: the structure of the described seed-taking mechanism (11) is as follows: it comprises a seed-taking box (111) and a seed-taking tray (112), and the described seed-taking box (111) is provided with Seed inlet (118) and multiple groups of seed outlets A (113), the described seed tray (112) is located outside the seed box (111) and is provided with multiple groups of seed outlets A (113) on the casing surface fit, and on the seed tray (112) is provided with a seed outlet B (114) corresponding to the positions of multiple sets of seed outlets A (113), and the seed box (111) is provided with a rotating shaft (115 ), the rotating shaft (115) drives the seed picking box (111) to rotate relative to the seed picking disc (112), and the seed outlet A (113) and the seed outlet B (114) overlap intermittently to realize periodic sowing;

Or, described seed-taking disc (112) is arranged on the inside of seed-taking box (111), and described seed-taking disc (112) is provided with rotating shaft (115), and described rotating shaft (115) drives seed-taking disc ( 112) relatively rotate with the seed case (111).

The structure of the seed-taking mechanism (11) is as follows: comprising a seed-taking box (111) and a seed-taking tray (112), the seed-taking box (111) is provided with a seed inlet (118) and a seed outlet A ( 113), the seed-taking tray (112) is arranged in the cavity of the seed-taking box (111) and fits with the casing surface provided with the seed outlet A (113), and the seed-taking tray (112) is provided with a The multiple groups of seed outlets B (114) corresponding to the position of the seed outlet A (113), the described seed tray (112) is provided with a rotating shaft (115), and the rotating shaft (115) passes through the seed outlet. The casing surface of the seed-taking box (111) of port A (113) is connected with the seed-taking tray (112), and the seed-taking tray (112) rotates relative to the seed-taking box (111), and the seed outlet A (113) Intermittently overlap with the seed outlet B (114) to realize periodic sowing.

The traction mechanism drives the layered fertilization mechanism to advance, and the traction mechanism can provide power for the rotating shaft A (2), and the rotating shaft A (2) drives the stubble cutting blade (15) to rotate to realize the stubble crushing operation of ground straw. Coaxially be provided with driving wheel on the suppressing wheel (10), be provided with driving wheel on the rotating shaft B (16), connect the driving wheel on the suppressing wheel (10) shaft and the driving wheel on the rotating shaft B (16) by transmission belt, The pressing wheel (10) rotates with the tractor, and the rotating shaft B (16) is driven by the pressing wheel (10) to rotate, and the fertilization box (18) cooperates with the fertilizing box (18) to complete fertilization through the rotation of the rotating shaft B (16) Operation. The ditching shovel (14) ditches the cultivated land after the stubble is broken, the fertilizer provided by the fertilization mechanism falls into the ditch opened by the ditching shovel (14), and the covering mechanism A (13) moves forward to cover the ditch with a small amount of soil , the seeding mechanism sows in the opened grooves that have been nearly covered with soil, the soil covering mechanism B (12) performs soil covering operations on the sown grooves, and the pressing wheel (10) located at the rear of the frame (1) is used for covering the grooves that have been covered with soil. Perform compaction.

Still further, the upper opening of the seed outlet A (113) is provided with a seed picking spoon (116) with a diameter larger than that of the seed outlet A (113).

Furthermore, the front end of the frame (1) is provided with a gear box (3), the gear box (3) is connected with the drive shaft A (2), and the tractor can drive the drive shaft A through the gear box (3) (2) Turn.

By using the above-mentioned layered fertilization seeder, it can be realized that the fertilizer, the covering soil layer of the fertilizer, the seeding layer and the covering soil layer of the seeds are at different levels, that is, the bottom layer in the ditch is the fertilizer, there is a covering soil layer on the fertilizer, and the covering soil above the fertilizer There is a seed layer on the layer, and on the seed layer is the uppermost covering soil layer, which has the following benefits for the growth of crops:

The fertilizer and the seeds are not in contact. When the snow water melts in spring, it can seep into the ground and penetrate into the fertilizer layer. When germinating, part of the fertilizer infiltrated into the seeds will provide fertility to the seeds. During the growth period after germination, roots will continue to take root, and the crop root system will contact the fertilizer layer downwards, and the fertility of the fertilizer can be continuously obtained. It can effectively improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency and reduce the production cost.

When used, it avoids the disadvantage that the fertilizer and the seed are not in the same line, prevents soil pollution, efficiently utilizes agricultural resources, and improves the production efficiency of crops.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the seed picking mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure along the direction of A-A in Fig. 5 .

Reference signs: 1 is the frame, 2 is the rotating shaft A, 3 is the gear box, 4 is the support plate, 5 is the seed box, 6 is the connecting rod, 7 is the pressing rod, 8 is the profiling mechanism, and 9 is the connecting wheel Rod, 10 is a pressing wheel, 11 is a seed-taking mechanism, 111 is a seed-taking box, 112 is a seed-taking plate, 113 is a seed outlet A, 114 is a seed outlet B, 115 is a shaft, 116 is a seed-taking spoon, 117 118 is a seed inlet, 12 is a soil covering mechanism B, 13 is a soil covering mechanism A, 14 is a ditching shovel, 15 is a stubble cutting blade, 16 is a rotating shaft B, 17 is a rotating shaft C, and 18 is a fertilization box , 19 is a device for lowering fertilizer, 20 is a lower fertilizer pipe, and 21 is a lower seed pipe.

detailed description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

Embodiment 1: Referring to Figures 1-3, it is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, including a frame 1, characterized in that: the frame 1 includes a ditching mechanism, a fertilization mechanism, a soil covering mechanism A13, a seeding mechanism and Soil covering mechanism B14;

The ditching mechanism includes a ditching shovel 14,

Described fertilization mechanism comprises lower fertilizer pipe 20, and the fertilizer outlet of described lower fertilizer pipe 20 is arranged at the rear of ditching shovel 14,

The soil-covering mechanism A13 is arranged behind the fertilizer outlet of the lower fertilizer pipe 20, and covers the applied fertilizer with soil,

The seed discharge opening of the seeding pipe 21 of the described seeding mechanism is located at the rear of the soil covering mechanism A13, sows on the soil covering layer above the applied fertilizer,

The soil-covering mechanism B12 is arranged behind the seed outlet of the seeding pipe 21 of the sowing mechanism, and covers the seeds sown in the ditch.

A stubble breaking mechanism is provided in front of the ditching mechanism. The stubble breaking mechanism includes a rotating shaft A2 and a stubble cutting blade 15. The stubble cutting blade 15 is arranged on the rotating shaft A2 and extends radially outward.

Described fertilization mechanism comprises fertilization box 18, lower fertilizer device 19, rotating shaft B16 and lower fertilizer pipe 20, and described rotating shaft B16 takes support plate 4 that is located at frame 1 both sides as axle seat, and described lower fertilizer device 19 It is arranged on the rotating shaft B16 and the fertilizing device 19 is connected with the fertilizing box 5. The rotating shaft B16 drives the fertilizing device 19 to rotate so that the fertilizing box 5 communicates with the fertilizing pipe 20 to complete the fertilization operation.

The end of the frame 1 is provided with a suppressing mechanism, and the suppressing mechanism includes a suppressing wheel 10 and a connecting wheel rod 9. One end of the connecting wheel rod 9 is connected to the tail end of the frame 1, and one end is connected to the suppressing wheel 10. The frame 1 of the seed box 5 rear end is provided with a depression bar 7, and a connecting rod 9 is arranged between the said connecting wheel rod 9 and the depression rod 7, and said connecting rod 9 is provided with a profiling spring 8, and said depression rod 7. Press the connecting wheel rod 9 through the profiling spring 8 to compact the covering soil groove.

Described sowing mechanism comprises seed case 5, seed-taking mechanism 11 and seeding pipe 21, and described seed-taking mechanism 11 is arranged between seed case 5 and seeding pipe 21,

The structure of the described seed-taking mechanism 11 is as follows: it comprises a seed-taking box 111 and a seed-taking tray 112. 111 is provided with the casing surface of the seed outlet A113, and the seed outlet B114 corresponding to the position of the seed outlet A113 is provided on the seed tray 112, and the seed tray 112 and the seed box 111 can be connected to each other. Rotating relative to the axial direction, the seed outlet A113 and the seed outlet B114 overlap intermittently to realize periodic sowing.

Embodiment 2: Referring to FIG. 4 , it is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Compared with Embodiment 1, the difference of this embodiment is that the structure of the seed-taking mechanism 11 is as follows: comprising a seed-taking box 111 and a seed-taking mechanism. A disc 112, the seed picking box 111 is provided with a seed inlet 118 and multiple groups of seed outlets A113, and the seed picking disc 112 is arranged outside the seed picking box 111 and is provided with multiple groups of seed outlets A113 on the casing surface Fitting, and on the seed tray 112, there are seed outlets B114 corresponding to the positions of multiple sets of seed outlets A113. The seed box 111 is provided with a rotating shaft 115, and the rotating shaft 115 drives the seed box 111 Relative to the rotation of the seed disc 112, the seed outlet A113 and the seed outlet B114 overlap intermittently;

The described seed box 111 is provided with a shaft 115, and a rotating shaft C17 is arranged on the adjacent position frame of the seed-taking mechanism. The rotating shaft C17 is connected with the gear on the pressing wheel 10 shaft through a chain, and the rotating shaft is driven by the pressing wheel 10. C17 rotates, and the rotating shaft C17 drives the auxiliary shaft on the rotating shaft C17 to rotate through the gear. The auxiliary shaft is provided with conical teeth, and the shaft 115 is also provided with tapered teeth. The auxiliary shaft meshes with the conical teeth on the shaft 115 to realize power Transmission, the rotation of the rotating shaft C17 provides power for the planting mechanism to realize periodic planting operations. Seed box top is provided with cover plate 118, and cover plate is provided with seed inlet 118, and seed box 5 imports next kind of mechanism 11 by planting pipe 21, and cover plate 118 can prevent seed from leaking out.

Embodiment 3: Referring to FIG. 5 , it is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Compared with Embodiments 1 and 2, the difference of this embodiment is that the seed picking mechanism 11 includes a seed picking box 111 and a seed picking tray 112 , the seed-taking box 111 is provided with a seed inlet 118 and a seed outlet A113, and the seed-taking tray 112 is arranged in the cavity of the seed-taking box 111 and fits on the surface of the box body provided with the seed outlet A113, and Seed-taking disk 112 is provided with 8 seed outlets B114 corresponding to the position of seed outlet A113, described seed-taking disk 112 is provided with rotating shaft 115, and described rotating shaft 115 is provided with the taking-out of seed outlet A113. The surface of the seed box 111 is connected to the seed tray 112, the seed tray 112 rotates relative to the seed box 111, and the seed outlet A113 overlaps with the seed outlet B114 intermittently.

Embodiment 4: Compared with the above embodiments, the difference of this embodiment is that: the upper opening of the seed lowering port 113 is provided with a seed picking spoon 116 with a diameter larger than that of the seed lowering port 113 .

Embodiment 5: Compared with the above embodiments, the difference of this embodiment is that the power device is provided by the pressing wheel 10, the pressing wheel 10 is coaxially provided with gears, and the rotating shaft B16 is provided with gears, through the chain Connect the gear on the shaft of the pressing wheel 10 and the gear on the rotating shaft B16, the pressing wheel 10 rotates with the tractor, and the rotating shaft B16 rotates with the driving of the pressing wheel 10, and the fertilizing box 18 cooperates with the fertilizing box 18 through the rotation of the rotating shaft B16 Complete fertilization. The ditching shovel 14 ditches the cultivated land after the stubble is broken, and the fertilizer provided by the fertilizing mechanism falls into the groove opened by the ditching shovel 14, and the covering mechanism A13 moves forward to cover the groove with a small amount of soil, and the sowing mechanism has nearly covered the soil. Seeds are sown in the opened trenches, and the soil covering mechanism B12 performs soil covering operations on the sown trenches, and the pressing wheel 10 located at the rear of the frame 1 compacts the soil-covered trenches. The rotating shaft B16 and the rotating shaft A2 drive 15 stubble cutters to rotate through gear transmission to realize the stubble breaking operation.

Embodiment 6: a kind of layered fertilization seeding method is characterized in that: mainly comprises the following steps:

a. Ditching: Ditching in the field to be sown;

B, fertilization: carry out fertilization in the ditch of step a;

C, primary soil covering: the fertilizer applied in the b step is covered with soil;

d, sowing: sowing on the fertilizer covering soil layer of step c;

E, secondary soil covering: the seeds sown in the d step are covered with soil;

Said method uses the layered fertilization planter of following structure:

It includes a frame 1, characterized in that: the frame (1) includes a ditching mechanism, a fertilization mechanism, a soil covering mechanism A13, a seeding mechanism and a soil covering mechanism B14;

The ditching mechanism includes at least a ditching shovel 14, and the fertilization mechanism at least includes a lower fertilizer pipe 20, the fertilizer outlet of the lower fertilizer pipe 20 is arranged at the rear of the ditching shovel 14, and the soil covering mechanism A13 is located at the lower fertilizer pipe 20. The rear of the pipe 20 fertilizer outlet, and the applied fertilizer is covered with soil, and the seed discharge port of the seeding pipe 21 of the described seeding mechanism is located at the rear of the soil-covered mechanism A13, and is sown on the soil layer above the applied fertilizer. The soil covering mechanism B12 is located behind the seed discharge port of the seeding pipe 21 of the sowing mechanism, and the seeds sown in the ditch are covered with soil. The soil covering mechanism A13 includes at least the soil covering disk A, and the soil covering mechanism B12 includes at least the soil covering disk B. The size of the soil-covering tray A is smaller than the size of the soil-covering tray B.

The above-mentioned structure is summarized as: a layered fertilization seeder, including a frame 1, characterized in that: the frame (1) at least includes a ditching mechanism, a fertilization mechanism, a soil covering plate A, a seeding mechanism and a soil covering plate B, The ditching mechanism completes the ditching, and then fertilizes in the ditch. After fertilization, the soil is covered by the soil covering plate A, and then the seeds are sown on the covering soil layer, and finally the sown seeds are covered by the soil covering plate B again. The size of the soil-covering tray A is smaller than that of the soil-covering tray B.

Further, a stubble breaking mechanism is provided in front of the ditching mechanism, and the stubble breaking mechanism includes a rotating shaft A2 and a stubble cutting blade 15, and the stubble cutting blade 15 is arranged on the rotating shaft A2 and is radially outward. extend.

Still further, the fertilization mechanism includes a fertilization box 18, a fertilization device 19, a rotating shaft B16 and a fertilizing pipe 20, and the rotating shaft B16 uses the support plates 4 arranged on both sides of the frame 1 as an axle seat, and the The fertilizing device 19 is arranged on the rotating shaft B16 and the fertilizing device 19 is connected with the fertilizing box 5. The rotating shaft B18 drives the fertilizing device 19 to rotate so that the fertilizing box 5 communicates with the fertilizing pipe 20 to complete the fertilization operation.

Still further, the suppressing mechanism includes a suppressing wheel 10 and a connecting wheel rod 9, one end of the connecting wheel rod 9 is connected to the tail end of the frame 1, and the other end is connected to the suppressing wheel 10, and the frame 1 at the rear end of the seed box 5 There is a pressing rod 7 on the top, a connecting rod 9 is arranged between the connecting wheel rod 9 and the pressing rod 7, and a profiling spring 8 is arranged on the connecting rod 9, and the profiling spring 8 is used to connect the pressing rod 7 The wheel rod 9 applies pressure to compact the soil-covering groove, and the surface of the pressing wheel 10 is provided with a protrusion, which is an axial protrusion, that is, the axial direction of the wheel surface.

Still further, the sowing mechanism includes a seed box 5, a seed-taking mechanism 11 and a seeding pipe 21, and the seed-taking mechanism 11 is arranged between the seed box 5 and the seeding pipe 21,

The seed picking disc 112 is arranged outside the seed picking box 111 , and the seed picking box 111 is provided with a rotating shaft 115 , and the rotating shaft 115 drives the seed picking box 111 to rotate relative to the seed picking disc 112 .

The structure of the seed-taking mechanism 11 is as follows: the structure of the seed-taking mechanism 11 is as follows: it includes a seed-taking box 111 and a seed-picking tray 112, and the seed-taking box 111 is provided with a seed inlet 118 and multiple groups of seed outlets A113, the seed picking tray 112 is arranged outside the seed picking box 111 to be attached to the surface of the box body provided with multiple sets of seed outlets A113, and the seed picking tray 112 is provided with multiple sets of seed outlets A113 corresponding to the position The seed outlet B114, the seed picking box 111 is provided with a rotating shaft 115, and the rotating shaft 115 drives the seed picking box 111 to rotate relative to the seed picking disc 112, and the seed outlet A113 and the seed outlet B114 overlap intermittently to realize a cycle sexual seeding;

Alternatively, the seed picking disc 112 is arranged inside the seed picking box 111 , and the seed picking disc 112 is provided with a rotating shaft 115 , and the rotating shaft 115 drives the seed picking disc 112 to rotate relative to the seed picking box 111 .

The structure of the described seed-taking mechanism 11 is as follows: comprising a seed-taking box 111 and a seed-taking tray 112, the seed-taking box 111 is provided with a seed inlet 118 and a seed-out port A113, and the seed-taking tray 112 is located at the seed-taking tray 112. The cavity of the box 111 is fitted with the casing surface provided with the seed outlet A113, and multiple groups of seed outlets B114 corresponding to the position of the seed outlet A113 are provided on the seed tray 112, and the seed tray 112 is provided with There is a rotating shaft 115, and the rotating shaft 115 passes through the casing surface of the seed-taking box 111 provided with the seed outlet A113 and is connected with the seed-taking disk 112, and the described seed-taking disk 112 rotates relative to the seed-taking box 111, and the seed-taking box 111 rotates. Port A113 and seed outlet B114 overlap intermittently to realize periodic sowing.

The traction mechanism drives the layered fertilization mechanism to advance, and the traction mechanism can provide power for the rotating shaft A2, and the rotating shaft A2 drives the stubble cutting blade 15 to rotate to realize the stubble crushing operation of ground straw. Coaxially be provided with transmission wheel on the suppression wheel 10, be provided with transmission wheel on the rotating shaft B16, connect the transmission wheel on the transmission wheel on the suppression wheel 10 shaft and the transmission wheel on the rotating shaft B16 by the transmission belt, the suppression wheel 10 rotates with traction machine, along with The driving rotation shaft B16 of the pressing wheel 10 rotates, and the fertilization box 18 cooperates with the fertilizer application box 18 to complete the fertilization operation by the rotation of the rotation shaft B16. The ditching shovel 14 ditches the cultivated land after the stubble is broken, and the fertilizer provided by the fertilizing mechanism falls into the groove opened by the ditching shovel 14, and the covering mechanism A13 moves forward to cover the groove with a small amount of soil, and the sowing mechanism has nearly covered the soil. Seeds are sown in the opened trenches, and the soil covering mechanism B12 performs soil covering operations on the sown trenches, and the pressing wheel 10 located at the rear of the frame 1 compacts the soil-covered trenches.

Still further, the upper opening of the seed outlet A113 is provided with a seed picking spoon 116 with a diameter larger than that of the seed outlet A113.

Still further, the front end of the frame 1 is provided with a gear box (3), the gear box 3 is connected to the transmission shaft A2, and the traction machine can drive the transmission shaft A2 to rotate through the gear box 3.

By using the above-mentioned layered fertilization seeder, it can be realized that the fertilizer, the covering soil layer of the fertilizer, the seeding layer and the covering soil layer of the seeds are at different levels, that is, the bottom layer in the ditch is the fertilizer, there is a covering soil layer on the fertilizer, and the covering soil above the fertilizer There is a seed layer on the layer, and on the seed layer is the uppermost covering soil layer, which has the following benefits for the growth of crops:

The fertilizer and the seeds are not in contact. When the snow water melts in spring, it can seep into the ground and penetrate into the fertilizer layer. When germinating, part of the fertilizer infiltrated into the seeds will provide fertility to the seeds. During the growth period after germination, roots will continue to take root, and the crop root system will contact the fertilizer layer downwards, and the fertility of the fertilizer can be continuously obtained. It can effectively improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency and reduce the production cost.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of layer-by-layer fertilizing seeder, including frame (1), it is characterised in that：Ditcher mechanism is included on the frame (1), is applied Fertile mechanism, casing mechanism A (13), sowing mechanism and casing mechanism B (14)；The ditcher mechanism comprises at least furrowing blade (14), The fertilizing mechanism comprises at least lower fertilizer tube (20), and the fertilizer outlet of the lower fertilizer tube (20) is located at the rear of furrowing blade (14), institute The rear that casing mechanism A (13) is located at lower fertilizer tube (20) fertilizer outlet is stated, and earthing is carried out to applied fertilizer material, the sowing mechanism The sowing port of seeding pipe (21) is located at the rear of casing mechanism A (13), is sowed on the overburden layer above the material that applied fertilizer, institute The sowing port rear that casing mechanism B (12) is located at the seeding pipe (21) of sowing mechanism is stated, earthing is carried out to sowed son, it is above-mentioned to cover , including at least earthing disk A, the casing mechanism B (12) is including at least earthing disk B, the size of the earthing disk A for native mechanism A (13) Size than earthing disk B is small.

2. layer-by-layer fertilizing seeder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Stubble cutter is provided with front of the ditcher mechanism Structure, the stubble cutter structure include rotary shaft A (2) and stubble smashing blade (15), the stubble smashing blade (15) on rotary shaft A (2), And extend radially outward, the stubble smashing blade (15) is in " Γ " shape.

3. layer-by-layer fertilizing seeder as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The fertilizing mechanism includes fertilizing box (18), lower fertile device (19), rotary shaft B (16) and lower fertilizer tube (20), the rotary shaft B (16) is being located at frame (1) both sides Supporting plate (4) is axle bed, and the lower fertile device (19) is on rotary shaft B (16) and lower fertile device (19) connects with fertilizing box (5) Connect, fertilizer device (19) rotation makes fertilizing box (5) that completion fertilising work is connected with lower fertilizer tube (20) under the rotary shaft B (18) drives Industry.

4. layer-by-layer fertilizing seeder as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The suppression mechanism includes press wheel (10) bar (9) and is even taken turns, described even wheel bar (9) one end is hinged with frame (1) tail end, and press wheel (10) is located at press wheel (10) The other end is with described to be even provided with feeler mechanism (8) between wheel bar (9) and frame (1), the surface of the press wheel (10) is provided with convex Rise.

5. layer-by-layer fertilizing seeder as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The sowing mechanism includes seed-box (5), Qu Zhong mechanisms (11) and seeding pipe (21), the Qu Zhong mechanisms (11) are located between seed-box (5) and seeding pipe (21),

The structure of the Qu Zhong mechanisms (11) is as follows：It is described to take on kind of a case (111) comprising kind of a case (111) and seed taking disc (112) is taken It is provided with seed inlet (118) and goes out kind of a mouth A (113), the seed taking disc (112) is provided with out kind of mouth A's (113) with kind of a case (111) is taken Casing face fit, and be provided with seed taking disc (112) it is corresponding with kind of mouth A (113) position is gone out go out kind of mouth B (114), it is described to take Discharge plate (112) and taking can rotate to axial between kind of a case (111), described to go out kind of mouth A (113) and to go out kind of mouth B (114) interval weights Close.

6. layer-by-layer fertilizing seeder as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The seed taking disc (112) is located at and takes kind of a case (111) outside, kind of the case (111) that takes is provided with rotary shaft (115), and the rotary shaft (115) drives and takes kind of a case (111) phase Pair with seed taking disc (112) rotate.

7. layer-by-layer fertilizing seeder as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The seed taking disc (112) is located at and takes kind of a case (111) inside, the seed taking disc (112) is provided with rotary shaft (115), and the rotary shaft (115) drives seed taking disc (112) phase Pair with take kind of a case (111) rotation.

8. layer-by-layer fertilizing seeder as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：It is described go out kind of mouth A (113) upper shed position set Having take kind of a spoon (117) with diameter greater than go out kind of mouth A (113) diameter.

9. layer-by-layer fertilizing seeder as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：It is described go out kind of mouth A (113) upper shed position set Having take kind of a spoon (117) with diameter greater than go out kind of mouth A (113) diameter.

10. a kind of layer by layer manuring type of seeding, it is characterised in that：Mainly comprise the steps of：

A, trench digging：Ditched in plot to be sowed；

B, fertilising：Applied fertilizer in a steps are ditched；

C, an earthing：Fertilizer to being applied in b step carries out earthing；

D, sowing：Sowed on the fertilizer overburden layer of step c；

E, secondary soil-covering：Seed to being sowed in Step d carries out earthing；

The above method uses the layer-by-layer fertilizing seeder as described in claim 1~10.