CN106701127A - Basket type biomass-based soil conditioner preparation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a basket type biomass-based soil conditioner preparation device against the problem of secondary pollution in present processes for preparing charcoal and wood vinegar through biomass pyrolysis. The biomass pyrolysis is coupled with a carbon-based product synthesis process, and a basket type push-and-pull charging mode is adopted, so the operating convenience is increased. The soil conditioner with different components can be prepared through controlling the pyrolysis temperature and the retention time of pyrolysis gas, and is suitable for multiple soils. The main body of the device is a pyrolysis bin and an adsorption bin, heat obtained through combusting added fuel oil or pyrolysis gas supplied to the pyrolysis bin, and the waste heat is used to keep the temperature of the adsorption bin without an outside heat source; every bin uses a square quick-opening blind plate switch and a built-in track, so a square basket is convenient to push and pull; a ventilating hole exists between the two bins, and is used for the pyrolysis gas to enter the adsorption bin from the pyrolysis bin; and a heat insulation layer is arranged between the two bins in order to guarantee the pyrolysis effect. The device has the advantages of high integration degree, compactness and small occupied land, and provides a new ideal for the preparation of biomass-based soil conditioner products , the reasonable utilization of straws and avoiding of field burning.

Description

A kind of basket type biomass-based soil conditioner preparation device

technical field

The present application relates to a biomass solid waste pyrolysis device, in particular to a basket-type biomass-based soil amendment preparation device.

Background technique

Today, with the diversification of biomass utilization, pyrolysis gasification is still one of the utilization technologies that are relatively mature and less dependent on industrial policies. It has also been widely demonstrated and promoted in my country, especially for gas and carbon. It is of great significance to improve the rural energy structure of our country, rationally utilize straw, and alleviate air pollution caused by straw burning. In the process of biomass pyrolysis and gasification, in addition to producing clean gas that can be used by rural residents, by-products such as biomass carbon, tar, and wood vinegar will also be produced. Wood vinegar is a reddish-brown water-soluble mixture solution , which contains organic acids, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, benzene, phenols and other organic compounds, which can be widely used in agricultural production, soil restoration, medicine and health care and other fields. The use of biomass carbon for soil improvement can improve the soil environment and increase crop yields. The soil conditioner prepared by using wood vinegar and charcoal has stable chemical and biological properties, and has high value in carbon emission reduction, soil restoration, agricultural production, and environmental restoration.

At present, my country has also made a series of progress in the production and application of wood vinegar and charcoal. The patent No. CN201010287261.8 discloses a co-production system and method of biomass charcoal, gas, oil and wood vinegar , the liquid separation of the wood vinegar and wood tar in the mixed liquid separated by the gas-liquid separation of the water-cooling device. The patent No. CN201610000572.9 discloses the process of preparing water gas, tar and wood vinegar by pyrolyzing biomass into rods. Patent No. CN201610023824.X describes the method of preparing refined wood vinegar by granulating straw, pyrolysis, adsorption and vacuum distillation. The wood vinegar prepared by this method is treated with ozone or ultraviolet light to remove the wood vinegar Harmful substances such as middle wood tar and most of phenol. Patent No. CN201410121926.6 discloses a process for preparing wood vinegar and wood vinegar water-soluble fertilizer by pyrolyzing soybean straw, castor stalk and cotton straw at 560°C-600°C. In patent CN201610078638.6, raw materials such as wood and fruit shells are placed in a closed carbonization furnace, wood vinegar is recovered after the flue gas is cooled, and charcoal is obtained after carbonization of the wood raw materials. Patent CN201510150488.0 introduces the method of using furnace temperature waste heat distillation and refining in the production process of wood vinegar. Patent CN201310464142.9 introduces a device for producing wood vinegar and charcoal by oxygen-free carbonization of biomass.

Other related biomass gasification patents include: CN201110067027.9 (a method for producing charcoal, activated carbon, and combustible bio-oil from crop straws), CN200910300363.6 (a method and system for comprehensive utilization of waste raw plants that are efficient, clean, environmentally friendly, and recyclable) . 7 (A device for producing wood vinegar using crop straw), CN201310464142.9 (enclosed equipment for producing wood vinegar charcoal by anaerobic carbonization of environmentally friendly biomass waste), CN201210297471.4 (a saline-alkali soil improver) Wait.

Although a lot of research has been carried out on the preparation of charcoal and wood vinegar by pyrolysis of biomass, standing and separating wood vinegar is an important means of separation, and the secondary mixing process of the obtained wood vinegar and charcoal has caused some organic components The loss is also easy to cause secondary pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to further develop cost-effective and highly integrated biomass-based soil amendment preparation equipment.

Contents of the invention

[Purpose of the invention] The purpose of the present invention is to design a basket-type biomass-based soil conditioner preparation device, which has the advantages of high integration, compact equipment, and small footprint. Straw avoiding field burning provides new ideas.

[Concept of the present invention] Aiming at the problems such as secondary pollution caused in the process of preparing charcoal and wood vinegar by pyrolysis of biomass, the present invention couples the pyrolysis production of biomass with the synthesis process of carbon-based products, and adopts basket push-pull The feeding method increases the convenience of operation. By controlling the pyrolysis temperature and the residence time of the pyrolysis gas, soil conditioners with different components can be prepared.

【Technical solution of the present invention】

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The embodiment of the present invention is a basket-type biomass-based soil improver preparation device. The main body of the device is a pyrolysis chamber and an adsorption chamber. The pyrolysis chamber is heated by adding fuel oil or pyrolysis gas, and the adsorption chamber uses waste heat for heat preservation. External heating source; both compartments use square quick-opening blind switch, built-in track, convenient for pushing and pulling square baskets; there is a vent hole between the two compartments, and the pyrolysis gas enters the adsorption compartment from the pyrolysis compartment; there is a heat insulation layer between the two compartments, To ensure the pyrolysis effect.

In the above-mentioned basket-type biomass-based soil improver preparation device, the pyrolysis chamber is located at the bottom of the device, and there are two holes in the lower end, which are the inlets of fuel oil and pyrolysis gas, which enter the pyrolysis chamber for combustion and heating through pumps and fans. When the equipment is started, the fuel oil provides the heat source, followed by the pyrolysis gas to provide energy; the crude gas obtained from pyrolysis enters the adsorption chamber for adsorption and purification, and after a certain residence time is controlled, the gas flows back into the pyrolysis chamber; Empty pipes, the combustion gas is purified and then emptied, and there is an ash cleaning port at the bottom of the furnace.

In the above-mentioned basket-type biomass-based soil improver preparation device, the adsorption chamber is located at the upper end of the device, and a hole is opened at the top. After the pyrolysis gas enters the adsorption chamber and stays there, it flows back to the pyrolysis chamber for heating through the hole. The adsorption material is charcoal obtained by pyrolysis on the spot. After the adsorption is completed, the adsorption basket in the adsorption chamber is drawn out, and the obtained product is a biomass-based soil amendment.

In the above-mentioned basket-type biomass-based soil amendment preparation device, the size of the valve is adjusted by controlling the fuel oil feed in the pyrolysis bin, and the fuel gas flow rate is used to control the temperature, and then control the composition of the crude pyrolysis gas entering the adsorption bin, so as to achieve the change of biomass The purpose of the component content of the base soil conditioner.

In the above-mentioned basket-type biomass-based soil improver preparation device, in order to increase the content of organic acids in the product, the method of not replacing the charcoal in the adsorption chamber and increasing the pyrolysis chamber to replace and circulate heating can be adopted.

It can be seen from the above-mentioned technical solutions provided by the present invention that the integrated basket type biomass-based soil amendment preparation device provided by the embodiments of the present invention is integrated, highly functional, convenient and practical.

The present invention has the following characteristics and advantages:

1. Use the gas obtained from pyrolysis to pyrolyze biomass waste, and reduce secondary pollution and external energy intake through gas backflow and reuse;

2. Basket-type materials are placed for easy loading and unloading;

3. Combustible gas reuse, low operating costs, and prevent secondary pollution;

4. Simple structure, compact combination, low equipment cost;

5. It can be applied to the treatment of various solid wastes, and the equipment has strong applicability.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings on the premise of not paying creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the preparation device of the basket type biomass-based soil conditioner provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

The parts corresponding to each label in the figure are: A- top view of the adsorption chamber; B- cross-sectional view of the joint between the two chambers; C- top view of the pyrolysis chamber; D- equipment cross-section; E- fuel oil; F- purification tower.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Preparation of rice husk-based soil conditioner by single treatment of 5kg rice husk

First check the airtightness of the entire unit.

Next, weigh a certain quality of rice husk, measure the particle size (0.3-0.45mm as an example), fill it into the pyrolysis chamber, and close the door; weigh 2kg of rice husk charcoal and fill it into the adsorption chamber; set the pyrolysis Furnace temperature is 400°C, open the fuel oil valve to heat the pyrolysis chamber; open the gas return valve in the furnace after heating for 10 minutes, use gas as the heat source to heat the pyrolysis furnace; close the fuel oil valve. After the reaction finishes, wait for the heating chamber to cool down to room temperature, open the hatch, take out the rice husk charcoal obtained by pyrolysis, and repeat the above operation after replacing another batch of 5kg rice husks. After operating 3 batches, take out the product from the adsorption chamber, mix it evenly, air-dry it naturally, and perform characterization. The results are as follows: pH (water/carbon ratio 5:1) is 5.8, organic carbon is 386.4g˙kg- ¹ , and total nitrogen is 14.54g˙ kg- ¹ , available phosphorus 351.4mg˙kg- ¹ , total potassium 455.1g˙kg- ¹ . The soil improver is used for improving saline-alkali land, which can reduce the pH value of the soil by 0.2-0.67 units, and can increase the organic matter and total salt content of the soil.

Example 2

Single treatment of 5kg corn stalks to prepare corn stalk-based soil conditioner

First check the airtightness of the entire unit.

Next, weigh 5kg of corn stalks, measure the particle size (below 0.2mm as an example), fill them into the pyrolysis chamber, and close the door; weigh 2kg of corn straw charcoal and fill it into the adsorption chamber; set the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace When the temperature is 500°C, open the fuel oil valve to heat the pyrolysis chamber; after heating for 10 minutes, open the gas return valve in the furnace to heat the pyrolysis furnace with gas as the heat source; close the fuel oil valve. After the reaction was completed, the heating chamber was cooled to room temperature, the door was opened, and the corn stalk charcoal obtained by pyrolysis was taken out, mixed with the product of the adsorption chamber, and the latter was mixed evenly and air-dried naturally. The results were as follows: pH (water/carbon ratio 5 : 1) is 7.6, organic carbon 406.4g˙kg- ¹ , total nitrogen 12.12g˙kg- ¹ , available phosphorus 298.1mg˙kg- ¹ , total potassium 341.1g˙kg- ¹ . This kind of soil improver is used for the improvement of sandy soil saline-alkali land, which can significantly increase the content of water-soluble carbon and oxygen, soluble phenol and non-polar nitrogen in the soil. It is used for sweet potato cultivation, and the dry matter harvest can be increased by 15-23%, and the yield can be increased by 16%. %.

Example 3

Single treatment of 5kg sawdust to prepare sawdust-based soil conditioner

First check the airtightness of the entire unit.

Next, weigh 5kg of sawdust, fill it into the pyrolysis bin, and close the bin door; weigh 2kg of corn stalk charcoal and fill it into the adsorption bin; set the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace to 600°C, open the fuel oil valve, and carry out the pyrolysis bin. Heating; after heating for 10 minutes, open the gas return valve in the furnace to heat the pyrolysis furnace with gas as the heat source; close the fuel oil valve. After the reaction is over, wait for the heating chamber to cool down to room temperature, open the hatch, take out the wood chips and charcoal obtained by pyrolysis, replace another batch of 5kg wood chips, and repeat the above operations. After operating 2 batches, take out the product from the adsorption chamber, mix it evenly, air-dry it naturally, and perform characterization. The results are as follows: pH (water/carbon ratio 5:1) is 6.1, organic carbon is 395.1g˙kg- ¹ , and total nitrogen is 13.45g˙ kg- ¹ , available phosphorus 314.5mg˙kg- ¹ , total potassium 364.4g˙kg- ¹ . The soil improver is used for the improvement of silt soil, which can reduce the soil bulk density by 14.3% and increase the water retention rate by 16.8%.

In summary, the biomass-based soil improver equipment of the embodiment of the present invention is easy to install and easy to operate, and the process can be adjusted according to the actual production, and the obtained product can be applied to various soil environments.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily conceive of changes or changes within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of basket biomass-based soil conditioner preparation facilities, it is characterised in that the apparatus main body is pyrolysis storehouse and absorption Storehouse, pyrolysis storehouse utilizes residual heat insulation by extra fuel oil or pyrolysis gas combustion heat supplying, absorption storehouse, not external heat source；Two storehouses are equal Switched using square fast opening blind, built-in tracks, facilitate square hand basket push-and-pull；Passage is left between two storehouses, heat supply is vented one's spleen by heat Xie Cang enters absorption storehouse；There is thermal insulation layer between two storehouses, to ensure to be pyrolyzed effect.

2. basket biomass-based soil conditioner preparation facilities as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that pyrolysis position in storehouse is in dress Bottom set end, its lower end is provided with holes, is respectively fuel oil and pyrolysis gas import, and entering the burning of pyrolysis storehouse by Pumps ＆ Fans adds Heat.Equipment provides thermal source when starting by fuel oil, subsequently provides energy by pyrolysis gas；The thick combustion gas of pyrolysis gained enters in absorption storehouse Adsorption cleaning is carried out, after controlling certain residence time, fuel gas return-flow enters pyrolysis storehouse；Pyrolysis silo roof portion is provided with emptying pipeline, fires Emptied after burning gas purification, furnace bottom is provided with ash content clean-up port.

3. basket biomass-based soil conditioner preparation facilities as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that absorption position in storehouse is in dress Upper end is put, its Top end is provided with a hole, after pyrolysis combustion gas enters the stop of absorption storehouse, pyrolysis storehouse combustion heat supplying is flow to through this backlash.Inhale On the spot from pyrolysis gained charcoal, absorption is finished enclosure material, is extracted out basket is adsorbed in absorption storehouse, and products obtained therefrom is as biomass-based Soil conditioner.

4. basket biomass-based soil conditioner preparation facilities as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that by control Pyrolysis storehouse fuel oil charging control valve size, fuel gas flow velocity controls temperature, and then controls to enter and be slightly pyrolyzed in absorption storehouse Gas composition, the purpose of biomass-based soil conditioner constituent content is changed so as to reach.Pyrolysis storehouse preference temperature is at 350-650 DEG C Between.

5. basket biomass-based soil conditioner preparation facilities as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In order to increase product The content of middle organic acid etc., can change hydronic mode using absorption storehouse charcoal, increase pyrolysis storehouse is changed without.

6. basket biomass-based soil conditioner preparation facilities as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Gained soil improvement Agent can be used to improve prone soil, salt-soda soil；Biomass material includes but is not limited to maize straw, rice husk, wood chip, cotton stalk straw Stalk, sorghum stalk.