CN1066326A - Heat-exchange apparatus having tubular conduit with liquid/solid fluidizaiton therein - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of heat-exchange apparatus having tubular conduit with liquid/solid fluidizaiton therein is widely used in the heat-transfer equipment of heating, cooling, evaporation usefulness of industrial production sectors such as chemical industry, oil, power, papermaking, food, salt manufacturing, pharmacy.The present invention is by adorning throttle in heat-transfer pipe, adopt sieve aperture formula or bubble-cap formula distribution grid, technical measures such as grafting form are adopted in the heat-transfer pipe lower end, make the solids loopback fast, have significant augmentation of heat transfer effect, can carry out the antiscale of on-line continuous automatic desludging, fluid resistance is low, the operating flexibility scope is big, stable and reliable operation.

Description

Heat-exchange apparatus having tubular conduit with liquid/solid fluidizaiton therein

Circulation liquid-solid fluidization vertical heat transfer device in a kind of tube side is applicable to the vertical heat-transfer equipment of industrial departments such as oil, chemical industry, power, papermaking, salt manufacturing, refrigeration, pharmacy, food.

Heat-exchange apparatus having tubular conduit with liquid/solid fluidizaiton therein report early sees patent documentation GB2,014,717, DE3144863, DS4398594, nearest patent documentation EP0228142, EP0228144, during heat transfer unit (HTU) work operation, tube side liquid enters bottom fluidization chamber [12] through inlet [9] and distribution grid [8] from bottom to top, make the solids fluidised formization, solids enter tedge [3] with liquid, play the effect of automatic desludging antiscale and augmentation of heat transfer by turbulent flow and solids and inside pipe wall collision scraping, solids arrive behind the downstream chambers [1] and to return bottom fluidization chamber [12] by circulation pipe [5] and circulate in forming.This structure is taked sieve aperture formula distribution grid, circulation pipe [5] lower nozzle is lower than measures such as keeping a segment distance between tedge [3] lower nozzle and distribution grid [8], but it is slow to produce the solids loopback, solids accumulate in the downstream chamber and bottom fluidization chamber particle deficiency, the liquid that perhaps produces tedge and circulation pipe flows backwards, reduce heat-transfer effect, the tedge lower end connects the manufacturing difficulty with lower perforated plate simultaneously.

It is few and can make solids be transmitted back to the bottom fluidization chamber quickly that the present invention is intended to develop a kind of backflow volume of carrying secretly with particle in the circulation pipe that makes, liquid does not take place in the heat-transfer pipe to flow backwards, be convenient to make, easy and simple to handle, stable, circulation liquid-solid fluidization vertical heat transfer device in the tube side of energy on-line continuous automatic desludging antiscale and augmentation of heat transfer.

Fig. 1 is the heat transfer unit (HTU) structural representation.Heat transfer unit (HTU) is by inlet [9], distribution grid [8], solids, bottom fluidization chamber [12], housing [15], be installed in many tedges [3] and some circulation pipes [5] on upper perforated plate [16] and the lower perforated plate [14], downstream chamber's formations such as [1], circulation pipe [5] lower nozzle is lower than tedge [3] lower nozzle and keeps a segment distance with distribution grid [8], the throttle [2] of even steady effect has been housed in tedge [3] upper orifice, the cross section of tedge [3] upper orifice is obviously less than the cross section of tedge [3] like this, the speed that tedge [3] inner fluid upwards flows is accelerated at this, make the sinking speed of this place's flow velocity apparently higher than particle, prevent the refluence of particle effectively to tedge [3], build up thereby particle is descended along circulation pipe [5], realize the particle loopback and the few purpose of entrained liquids.

The distribution grid of heat transfer unit (HTU) of the present invention [8] can adopt sieve aperture formula structure, distribution grid [8] is gone up uniform many sieve apertures [7], the aperture of sieve aperture [7] be 1～5 times of the solids granularity for well, distribution grid [8] is gone up in the zone of corresponding circulation pipe [5] below greater than circulation pipe [5] internal diameter and is not opened sieve aperture, can reduce the surge of liquid like this, the loopback of accelerating solid particle to circulation pipe [5] lower nozzle.Simultaneously for more effectively accelerating the loopback of solids, on the zone of not establishing sieve aperture below distribution grid [8] is gone up corresponding circulation pipe [5] conducting element [6] is installed, Fig. 2 is band conducting element sieve aperture formula distribution grid partial structurtes schematic diagrames, it above the conducting element [6] face, do not establish the hole, the direction that middle part or bottom tilt in the horizontal direction or is slightly opened some holes as training for sediment hole [19], training for sediment hole [19] distribution grid [8] below conducting element [6] is again gone up perforate and is communicated with inlet [9], tube side liquid can be taken away the solids of deposition to spraying to bottom fluidization chamber [12] by training for sediment hole [19] are flat, thereby add the fast particle loopback, conducting element can be curved surface above [6], the conical surface, but for well, size is good with the external diameter that is equal to or slightly greater than circulation pipe [5] with flat board.

Fig. 3 is the heat transfer unit (HTU) substructure schematic diagram that adopts bubble-cap formula distribution grid, and this structure contains the foreign material that might block sieve aperture on the distribution grid or might cause that effect is better when stopping up in the sieve aperture fouling at tube side liquid.The position of going up corresponding circulation pipe [5] below at distribution grid [8] is provided with bubble-cap [20], toothing is done at the edge of bubble-cap [20], tube side liquid enters from the ejection of edge perforation from bubble-cap [20] lower inlet and reaches even distribution, for guaranteeing the even fluidisation of liquid, the diameter of bubble-cap [20] generally should be 0.5～0.75 times of distribution grid face diameter of equivalent circle that this bubble-cap should bear, open simultaneously some and the training for sediment hole [21] that is communicated with below above the bubble-cap [20], be distributed on corresponding circulation pipe [5] below and be a bit larger tham on the circumference of circulation pipe external diameter, but the loopback of accelerating solid particle.Owing to the blister configuration reason, fluidization liquid stirs quite violent, should not directly enter ascending tube [3], and a transverse slat [22] should be installed on the cross section between circulation pipe [5] lower nozzle and tedge [3] lower nozzle, transverse slat [22] has the hole [23] greater than one times of particle size, aperture that many solids can waltz through equably, plays uniform and stable effect.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of throttle.For reducing flow resistance, it is thin that throttle [2] should be made end walls, middle wall thickness, become slick and sly shape, deflection lower end, Qi Bi thickness, convex shape is made as loading and unloading shoulders [24] in throttle [2] upper end, is convenient to install the location and the dismounting application of force, outer wall is provided with fin or gear ring [25] prevents to come off, and vertically has slit [26] in throttle [2] lower end and is convenient to install.

Be the connect difficulty of solution lower perforated plate [14] with tedge [3], dismountable insertion pipe [4] of grafting form can be made in tedge [3] lower end, Fig. 5 is the structural representation of tedge lower end insertion pipe, insertion pipe [4] is inserted on the lower port of tedge [3] middle part, insert section fin or gear ring [28] are arranged, liter suitable for reading has longitudinal slot [27], and [29] are takeed in the loading and unloading that are provided with the protrusion pipeloop on pipe, insertion pipe [4] lower nozzle is flat mouthful or angle, have several holes [30] on its sidewall, can reduce the fluid resistance of porch, prevent to block, improve stability.The throttle [2] and the tube [4] of pegging graft can be selected materials such as plastics, rubber, to reduce cost.

For ease of observing and operation, can on housing, on the shell as downstream chamber [1] and bottom fluidization chamber [12], pressure tap [10] [18] and visor [13] [17] be set.For ease of the adding and drawing off of solids, can establish at shell body and unload husky mouthful [11].

Advantage of the present invention is that circulation pipe loopback solids are fast and to return liquid measure few, and anti-refluence ability is strong, makes simply, can improve the tube side heat transfer coefficient effectively, and is stable, the operation regulation and control are easy, can realize online, continuous, automatic desludging antiscale and augmentation of heat transfer.

The present invention is at the circulation pipe of 1 Φ 25 * 2.5, the tedge of 28 Φ 25 * 2.5 * 4200, on the device of rectangle cross section (100 * 500) housing of dual layer arrangement, public matter is cooling water in the pipe, and solids move under the condition of water vapour outside the pipe with 6-8 purpose river sand, fluid resistance is low, below the 76mmHg post, heat transfer coefficient improves 38～61%, and the flow rates of stable operation is 0.24-0.40m/s, and the operating flexibility scope is big.

Claims (9)

1, circulation liquid-solid fluidization vertical heat transfer device in a kind of tube side, by inlet, distribution grid, solids, bottom fluidization chamber, housing, be installed in many tedges on upper perforated plate and the lower perforated plate and some circulation pipes, downstream chamber etc. and constitute, the circulation pipe lower nozzle is lower than the tedge lower nozzle and keeps a segment distance with distribution grid, it is characterized in that in the tedge upper orifice throttle being housed.

2, according to the heat transfer unit (HTU) of claim 1, it is characterized in that distribution grid adopts sieve aperture formula structure, uniform many sieve apertures on the distribution grid, and corresponding circulation pipe below is greater than not establishing sieve aperture in the zone of circulation pipe internal diameter.

3, according to the heat transfer unit (HTU) of claim 2, it is characterized in that on the zone of not establishing sieve aperture below the corresponding circulation pipe conducting element being installed on the distribution grid, it above the conducting element face, middle part or bottom are by level or be tilted to the bottom fluidization chamber slightly and have some trainings for sediment hole, and the perforate on the distribution grid below conducting element of training for sediment hole communicates with inlet.

4, according to claim 2,3 heat transfer unit (HTU), it is characterized in that screen-aperture uniform on the distribution grid be the solids granularity 1-5 doubly.

5, heat transfer unit (HTU) according to claim 1, it is characterized in that distribution grid adopts bubble-cap formula structure, corresponding circulation pipe lower position is provided with bubble-cap on the distribution grid, 0.5～0.75 times of the distribution grid face diameter of equivalent circle that the bubble-cap diameter should be born for this bubble-cap, have some and the training for sediment hole that is communicated with below above the bubble-cap, being distributed on corresponding circulation pipe below is a bit larger tham on the circumference of circulation pipe external diameter, toothing is done at the edge of bubble-cap, one transverse slat is installed on the cross section between circulation pipe lower nozzle and the tedge lower nozzle, is had hole, aperture that many solids can waltz through on the transverse slat equably greater than one times of particle size.

6, according to the heat transfer unit (HTU) of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that the tedge bottom is dismountable insertion pipe, be inserted on the lower port of tedge middle part, insert section fin or gear ring and longitudinal slot are arranged, and the loading and unloading that are provided with protrusion pipe week are takeed on, the insertion pipe lower nozzle has several holes for flat mouthful or angle on its sidewall.

7, according to the heat transfer unit (HTU) of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that the throttle end walls is thin, middle wall thickness becomes slick and sly shape, deflection lower end, wall thickness.

8, according to the heat transfer unit (HTU) of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that the throttle outer wall has fin or gear ring, there is vertical finedraw crack the lower end, and there is the loading and unloading shoulder that protrudes outer wall the upper end.

9,, it is characterized in that housing is provided with pressure tap and visor according to the heat transfer unit (HTU) of claim 1-8.

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