CN106637196A - 一种液压杆的材料表面强化工艺 - Google Patents
一种液压杆的材料表面强化工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon tetrachloride Substances ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种液压杆的材料表面强化工艺，机械合金化制备合金化粉体，熔覆料制备，采用激光器对液压杆表面进行逐层激光扫描加热形成涂层，涂层组分采用高Cr组分，在合金表面形成致密氧化膜，提高了合金的抗腐蚀能力，同时掺杂改性的陶瓷颗粒碳化硅和碳化钨，提高了合金的耐磨性，同时增加稀土改性，提高其机械合金化程度，采用球磨法机械合金化的方法制备，使合金粉末充分合金化，并且溶剂避免了合金化过程的氧化，采用二次球磨的方式加入粘结剂，提高了粘结剂的分散程度，采用激光熔覆的方法制备涂层，界面结合稳定，避免了高应力产生的裂纹。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于材料表面加工领域，尤其是涉及一种液压杆的材料表面强化工艺。
背景技术
液压缸通过杆状部件的往复运动或摆动将液压能转变为机械能，具有结构简单、运动平稳可靠的优点，在各种机械的驱动系统中被广泛使用，如液压油缸主要由缸筒、液压杆、活塞、端盖几部分组成。液压杆是支持液压缸做工的连接部件，需要承担频繁高速的往复运动承力，负载大，对材料的要求性能高，其质量的好坏直接影响整个产品的寿命和可靠性，要求具有良好的强度和硬度，抗磨损能力，并且由于浸泡在油中，需要具有良好的抗腐蚀性能。传统液压杆采用普通45#钢调质处理后，调质过程中消耗大量能源，并且缺少表面强化，缺少所需要的抗磨损和抗腐蚀能力。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种液压杆的材料表面强化工艺，采用激光熔覆的方法为液压杆表面增加涂层，改善了性能。
本发明完整的技术方案包括：
一种液压杆的材料表面强化工艺，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
1)机械合金化制备合金化粉体：按质量比称取合金化粉体原料，放入高速行星球磨机的球磨罐，加入磨球，和CCl4溶剂作为抗氧化剂，充入氩气作为保护气体进行球磨，球磨结束后，将得到的浆料在真空中干燥，过200目筛，获得合金化粉体，
2)熔覆料制备：随后在合金化粉体中加入水玻璃，放入高速行星球磨机的球磨罐进行二次球磨，球磨过程充入氩气保护气，得到熔覆料。
3)将液压杆表面经超声波清洗去除油污，并采用含氟气体去除钝化膜，首先预热到100-130℃，随后将熔覆料覆在液压杆表面，厚度为0.5-1.5mm，并在保温炉中在100-150℃下烘烤0.5h；
4)采用CO2激光器对液压杆表面进行逐层激光扫描加热，融化所述熔覆料并使其附着在液压杆表面，激光器功率为2-4KW，电流为250-280A，激光扫描速度为6-8mm/s，光束直径为1.8-2.2mm，熔覆过程通氩气保护，氩气流量为为20～30L/min。
5)熔覆结束后对液压杆进行去应力热处理。
所述步骤1)中，磨球为氧化铝或氧化锆磨球，球料比30：1，转速为800-1000r/min，球磨时间24-36h。
所述步骤1)中，加入占原料质量5％-12％的CCl4溶剂。
所述步骤1)中，将得到的浆料在真空120-180℃下干燥1-2h。
所述步骤2)中，加入占粉体质量2.2-2.5％的水玻璃，转速为100-150r/min，球磨时间1-2h。
所述的合金化粉体组分百分比为C：0.85％-1.43％；Mn：0.75％；Cr：11.35％-13.45％；V：0.02％-0.0％；B：0.003-0.005％；La：0.002％-0.006％；SiC：0.41-0.43％；WC：0.62-0.95％，其余为Fe。
液压杆所用材料组分的重量百分比为：C：0.31％-0.33％；Si：0.36％-0.38％；Mn：1.25％-1.33％；Cr：0.53％-0.55％；Mo0％-0.009％；Ni：0.12％-0.17％；Cu：0.12％-0.17％，N：0.05％-0.15％；S：少于0.030％；P：少于0.030％；余量为铁。
本发明相对于现有技术的优点在于：涂层组分采用高Cr组分，在合金表面形成致密氧化膜，提高了合金的抗腐蚀能力，同时掺杂改性的陶瓷颗粒碳化硅和碳化钨，提高了合金的耐磨性，同时增加稀土改性，提高其机械合金化程度，采用球磨法机械合金化的方法制备，使合金粉末充分合金化，并且溶剂避免了合金化过程的氧化，采用二次球磨的方式加入粘结剂，提高了粘结剂的分散程度，采用激光熔覆的方法制备涂层，界面结合稳定，避免了高应力产生的裂纹。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明做进一步说明。
一种液压杆的材料表面强化工艺，液压杆所用钢的材料组分的重量百分比为：C：0.31％-0.33％；Si：0.36％-0.38％；Mn：1.25％-1.33％；Cr：0.53％-0.55％；Mo0％-0.009％；Ni：0.12％-0.17％；Cu：0.12％-0.17％，N：0.05％-0.15％；S：少于0.030％；P：少于0.030％；余量为铁。
将上述材料的钢经锻压后得到所述的液压杆，随后制备合金化粉末，所述的合金化粉末组分百分比为C：0.85％-1.43％；Mn：0.75％；Cr：11.35％-13.45％；V：0.02％-0.0％；B：0.003-0.005％；La：0.002％-0.006％；SiC：0.41-0.43％；WC：0.62-0.95％，其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质。
按上述质量比称取原料，放入高速行星球磨机的球磨罐，选择氧化锆磨球，球料比30：1，加入占原料质量10％的CCl4溶剂作为抗氧化剂，充入氩气作为保护气体进行球磨，转速为800-1000r/min，球磨时间24-36h，球磨结束后，将得到的浆料在真空120-180℃下干燥1-2h，过200目筛，获得合金化粉体，随后加入占粉体质量2.2-2.5％的水玻璃，放入高速行星球磨机的球磨罐进行二次球磨，球磨过程充入氩气保护气，转速为100-150r/min，球磨时间1-2h，得到熔覆料。将液压杆表面经超声波清洗去除油污，并采用含氟气体去除钝化膜，首先预热到100-130℃，随后将熔覆料覆在液压杆表面，厚度为0.5-1.5mm，并在保温炉中在100-150℃下烘烤0.5h；采用CO2激光器对液压杆表面进行逐层激光扫描加热，融化所述熔覆料并使其附着在液压杆表面，激光器功率为2-4KW，电流为250-280A，激光扫描速度为6-8mm/s，光束直径为1.8-2.2mm，熔覆过程通氩气保护，氩气流量为20～30L/min。
熔覆结束后对液压杆进行正火或退火热处理。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明作任何限制，凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效结构变化，均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种液压杆的材料表面强化工艺，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
1)机械合金化制备合金化粉体：按质量比称取合金化粉体原料，放入高速行星球磨机的球磨罐，加入磨球，和CCl4溶剂作为抗氧化剂，充入氩气作为保护气体进行球磨，球磨结束后，将得到的浆料在真空中干燥，过200目筛，获得合金化粉体，
2)熔覆料制备：随后在合金化粉体中加入水玻璃，放入高速行星球磨机的球磨罐进行二次球磨，球磨过程充入氩气保护气，得到熔覆料。
3)将液压杆表面经超声波清洗去除油污，并采用含氟气体去除钝化膜，首先预热到100-130℃，随后将熔覆料覆在液压杆表面，厚度为0.5-1.5mm，并在保温炉中在100-150℃下烘烤0.5h；
4)采用激光器对液压杆表面进行逐层激光扫描加热，融化所述熔覆料并使其附着在液压杆表面，激光器功率为2-4KW，电流为250-280A，激光扫描速度为6-8mm/s，光束直径为1.8-2.2mm，熔覆过程通氩气保护，氩气流量为为20～30L/min。
5)熔覆结束后对液压杆进行去应力热处理。
2.权利要求1所述的液压杆的材料表面强化工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤1)中，磨球为氧化铝或氧化锆磨球，球料比30：1，转速为800-1000r/min，球磨时间24-36h。
3.权利要求1所述的液压杆的材料表面强化工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤1)中，加入占原料质量5％-12％的CCl4溶剂。
4.权利要求4所述的液压杆的材料表面强化工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤1)中，将得到的浆料在真空120-180℃下干燥1-2h。
5.权利要求1所述的液压杆的材料表面强化工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤2)中，加入占粉体质量2.2-2.5％的水玻璃，转速为100-150r/min，球磨时间1-2h。
6.权利要求1所述的液压杆的材料表面强化工艺，其特征在于，所述的合金化粉体组分百分比为C：0.85％-1.43％；Mn：0.75％；Cr：11.35％-13.45％；V：0.02％-0.0％；B：0.003-0.005％；La：0.002％-0.006％；SiC：0.41-0.43％；WC：0.62-0.95％，其余为Fe。
7.权利要求1所述的液压杆的材料表面强化工艺，其特征在于，液压杆所用材料组分的重量百分比为：C：0.31％-0.33％；Si：0.36％-0.38％；Mn：1.25％-1.33％；Cr：0.53％-0.55％；Mo0％-0.009％；Ni：0.12％-0.17％；Cu：0.12％-0.17％，N：0.05％-0.15％；S：少于0.030％；P：少于0.030％；余量为铁。
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| CN107159878A (zh) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-15 | 昆山卡德姆新材料科技有限公司 | 一种金属料体及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN107313043A (zh) * | 2017-06-03 | 2017-11-03 | 安徽绿环泵业有限公司 | 一种离心泵泵轴用碳化钨系陶瓷‑合金涂层 |
| CN110340350A (zh) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-10-18 | 湖南伊澍智能制造有限公司 | 一种镍基复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN116460298A (zh) * | 2023-04-24 | 2023-07-21 | 长沙市萨普新材料有限公司 | 一种高温抗氧化高速钢耐磨涂层复合材料及其制备方法 |
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| CN116460298A (zh) * | 2023-04-24 | 2023-07-21 | 长沙市萨普新材料有限公司 | 一种高温抗氧化高速钢耐磨涂层复合材料及其制备方法 |
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